CN1596294A - 三种基油的混合物及以此为基础的润滑组合物 - Google Patents

三种基油的混合物及以此为基础的润滑组合物 Download PDF

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CN1596294A
CN1596294A CNA028238974A CN02823897A CN1596294A CN 1596294 A CN1596294 A CN 1596294A CN A028238974 A CNA028238974 A CN A028238974A CN 02823897 A CN02823897 A CN 02823897A CN 1596294 A CN1596294 A CN 1596294A
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A·B·沃德洛
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Abstract

本发明叙述三种基油流体(PAO，烷基化芳香族化合物和芳香族酯)的混合物，该混合物协同性地改进了对工业润滑剂添加剂(如抗氧化剂和抗锈蚀剂、极压/抗磨损剂，金属钝化剂等)的溶解性。该混合物还具有优异的水解稳定性和改进的分散性以及抗沉积形成能力而没有不降低反乳化性。

Description

三种基油的混合物及以此为基础的润滑组合物
发明的领域
本发明涉及润滑剂基油混合物。更确切些说，本发明涉及具有出人意料的改善了的抗沉积形成性能、改善了的对润滑剂添加剂的、降解产物的溶解性和加强了的反乳化性的基油。
发明的背景
由一种或多种α-烯烃低聚制备的合成润滑剂基油是人所共知的具有低倾点和高粘度指数的可以购得的材料。典型地，使用这些聚α-烯烃(PAO)的润滑剂通常与更具极性的共基油(如烷基化芳香族流体或多元醇酯或某些分散剂添加剂(如聚烯烃类添加剂))共同使用。
将烷基化芳香族基础流体如烷基化萘加入PAO基础流体提供了具有改良了的水解稳定性的流体混合物，但混合物仍需要改善其分散性。
将聚烯烃类添加剂加入PAO基础流体提供了增强了的分散性，但这些添加剂与水生成稳定的乳浊液并且降低了使用它们的组合物的水解稳定性，从而限制了该混合物在水的进入不成为问题的地方的应用。
将多元醇酯加入PAO基础流体提供了良好的分散性但水解稳定性差。
因此，本发明的一个目标是提供具有改良了的分散性以及良好的反乳化性和水解稳定性的润滑剂产品。
发明的概述
简而言之，本发明是用作润滑剂基油混合物的合成流体的具有协同性的组合，并且包含约10重量％或更多的PAO流体、约1重量％或更多的烷基化芳香族流体和约1重量％或更多的芳香族酯。
在一个优选的实现方案中，润滑剂基油包含：
约10重量％到约98重量％的PAO流体；
约1重量％到约59重量％的烷基化芳香族化合物；和
约1重量％到约75重量％的芳香族酯。
所有量均基于混合物的重量。
本发明的优点将在下面的详述中将变得明显起来。
附图的简要说明
图1以图形方式比较了市售润滑剂组合物与应用本发明的基油的润滑剂组合物的保存稳定性。
图2以图形方式说明了本发明的基油的沉积控制性质。
图3以图形方式比较了市售组合物与使用本发明的基油的组合物的水反乳化性。
图4以图形方式比较了两种本发明的基油配方与另外两种其它配方的氧化稳定性和水解稳定性。
发明的详述
申请人已经发现，三种润滑剂流体(即PAO、烷基化芳香族化合物和芳香族酯)的混合物对润滑剂添加剂(如抗氧化剂、防锈剂、金属钝化剂等)具有改进了的溶解能力。该混合物还有改进了的水解稳定性、分散性和抗沉积形成能力，而不降低反乳化性，这使得该混合物可用于多种工业应用。的确，使用本发明的基油的全配方润滑剂组合物特别适合用于水或潮气可能进入的地方，如用于联合循环汽轮机、造纸机械、棒磨机等的油。
本发明的基油混合物至少包含约10重量％的PAO流体。一般而言，基于混合物重量，该混合物将包含约10重量％到约98重量％的PAO流体。该混合物优选包含60重量％到95重量％、更优选包含80重量％到85重量％的PAO流体。
PAO流体及其制备在本领域中是众所周知的。那些适合于本发明的实施的PAO可由C2到C32的α-烯烃衍生，优选由C8到C16的α-烯烃衍生。典型的PAO的粘度在100℃时约为3cSt到约300cSt。优选的PAO的粘度当然将取决于例如其本质、在混合物中其他组分的用量和所希望的润滑剂基油混合物的最终用途等因素。
本发明的基油混合物也包含烷基化芳香族化合物，如烷基化苯、萘、蒽、联苯等。类似于PAO，烷基化芳香族化合物及其制备方法在本领域中是众所周知的。适用的烷基化芳香族化合物具有一个或多个1到约8个碳原子的短链烷基。优选的烷基芳香族化合物的粘度在100℃时为约3cSt到约300cSt。烷基芳香族化合物将构成总混合物的约1到约59重量％、优选约5重量％到约35重量％，并更优选约10％。
本发明的基油还包括芳香族酯流体。常用的润滑剂级芳香族酯(如邻苯二甲酸酯，单酯和双酯，多元醇酯和带有含S，N和O的尾的酯等适合用于本发明的混合物的酯)是可以购得的、典型地由有机酸或酸酐与直链或支化的醇反应生成的材料。此类酯的粘度在100℃时为约4cSt到约30cSt。一般而言，在本发明的基油混合物中芳香族酯的量为总混合物的约1重量％到约75重量％、优选量约2重量％到25重量％、更优选5重量％到8重量％。
本发明的基油混合物的一个优点是其溶解添加剂(如杂环防锈剂、抗氧化剂、抗磨损剂、缓蚀剂等)的能力很强。在适合用于该基油混合物的抗氧化剂中，特别应提及甲酸类和酚类抗氧化剂。适用的抗磨损剂包括磷酸烷基化三苯酯、磷酸酯的盐、二有机基二硫代氨基甲酸酯等。
以下实施例及比较例进一步说明本发明的许多优点。
实施例
实施例1
将含有84重量％的PAO(100℃时为6cSt)、10重量％的烷基芳香族化合物(烷基化萘)流体(100℃时为5cSt)以及6重量％的酯流体(邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯)的本发明的基油用于通过将基油与以下添加剂混合制备全配方润滑剂组合物(配方物A)：
(1)0.4重量％的受阻酚和二苯胺类抗氧化剂，并且其比例为1∶1；
(2)1.5重量％的磷酸丁基化三苯酯类抗摩擦剂；和
(3)0.1重量％的无灰防锈剂。
该组合物在100℃下保存16周而无任何混浊和絮凝的现象。当然，混浊和絮凝是添加剂不溶解的证据。
相反，可购得的含100℃下为6cst的PAO、20重量％邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯及基本相同的量的与配方A种类型相似的添加剂的组合物在6周之后出现了痕量的混浊及中度絮凝。
图1以图形方式显示了测试结果并说明了本发明的基油对润滑剂添加剂的改进了的溶解度。
实施例2
通过将例1中的配方物A和市售润滑剂组合物(比较物2)同时用于辛辛那提机械热试验A将本发明的基油的沉积控制与比较物2进行比较。比较物2的组成具有PAO基流体，典型添加剂及1.0重量％分散剂。测试结果见图2。如所示，测试条件下，配方物A表现出优异的低沉积生成。另外，当通过将试验温度从275°F升高到350°F来改变测试时，在168小时后对样品的目视检查表明配方物A的沉积形成要少得多。
实施例3
对实施例1的配方物A和市售润滑剂组合物(比较物3)进行ASTM-D1401反乳化测试。比较物3是含1.0重量％的聚烯烃分散剂的基于PAO的润滑剂，测试结果见图3。
正如所示，具有本发明的基油的配方物A在10分钟之内与水完全分离。当然，配方A不含反乳化剂添加剂。
实施例4
本实施例将本发明的两种基油(A和B)的按ASTM D 943 TOST寿命测定法测得的氧化和水解稳定性与另外两种基油(C和D)进行比较。基油A含80重量％的PAO(在100℃时为6cst)、10重量％的烷基化萘(在100℃时为5cst)和6重量％的酯流体(邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯)。基油B与A的不同是其酯为邻苯二甲酸二(十三烷基)酯和对苯二甲酸二(十三烷基)酯的混合物。
基油C和D使用与A和B相同的PAO。C的烷基化芳香族流体与A和B中相同，而D的酯是苯三酸酯。
测试结果见图4
如所示，A和B显示出比C长30％的寿命。

Claims (10)

1、润滑剂基油混合物，其包含：
约10重量％或更多的聚α-烯烃(PAO)流体；
约1重量％或更多的烷基化芳香族流体；和
约1重量％或更多的芳香族酯；
所有量均基于混合物的重量。
2、根据权利要求1的混合物，其包含
约10重量％到约98重量％的PAO流体；
约1重量％到约59重量％的烷基化芳香族流体；和
约1重量％到约75重量％的芳香族酯；
3、根据权利要求2的混合物，其中PAO构成约为80到85重量％。
4、根据权利要求2的混合物，其中烷基化芳香族化合物构成约10重量％。
5、根据权利要求2的混合物，其中酯构成约5到约8重量％。
6、根据权利要求1或2的混合物，其中烷基化芳香族化合物是具有1个或多个具有1个到约8个碳原子的烷基的烷基化萘。
7、根据权利要求1或3的混合物，其中的芳香族酯是芳香族酸或酸酐和直链或支链的3到18个碳原子的醇的产物。
8、根据权利要求7的酯，其中芳香族酸或酸酐是苯二甲酸或酸酐。
9、润滑剂组合物，其包含：
大量的润滑剂基油；和
有效量的至少一种选自抗氧化剂、防锈剂、极压剂和金属钝化剂的润滑剂添加剂；
所述基油混合物包含约10重量％或更多的聚α-烯烃流体，
约1重量％或更多的烷基化芳香族流体，和
约1重量％或更多的芳香族酯，
混合物中的量基于混合物的重量计。
10、根据权利要求9的组合物，其中混合物含有：
约10重量％到约98重量％的PAO流体，
约1重量％到约59重量％的烷基化芳香族流体，和
约1重量％到约75重量％的芳香族酯。
CNA028238974A 2001-11-30 2002-11-22 三种基油的混合物及以此为基础的润滑组合物 Pending CN1596294A (zh)

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US10/292,096 US20030109389A1 (en) 2001-11-30 2002-11-12 Synthetic industrial oils made with "tri-synthetic" base stocks

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CN106574201A (zh) * 2014-04-11 2017-04-19 胜牌许可和知识产权有限公司 用于防止和除去内燃机中的碳沉积物的润滑剂
CN107325867A (zh) * 2017-06-20 2017-11-07 广州康尔克润滑油有限公司 一种发动机润滑油及其制备方法
CN108865356A (zh) * 2018-07-11 2018-11-23 王兴民 一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油及其生产工艺
CN109762634A (zh) * 2019-01-21 2019-05-17 北京盛鑫和谐润滑油脂有限公司 一种超长换油里程的节能柴油机油及其制备方法
CN109880680A (zh) * 2019-04-16 2019-06-14 江苏现代节能科技发展有限公司 一种无磷型汽油机润滑油及其制备方法

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CN108026466B (zh) * 2015-08-21 2021-10-22 埃克森美孚化学专利公司 润滑剂基本原料共混物

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CN102433194A (zh) * 2011-10-21 2012-05-02 鞍山海华油脂化学有限公司 风力发电机电机轴承脂及其生产方法
CN102433194B (zh) * 2011-10-21 2013-10-09 鞍山海华油脂化学有限公司 风力发电机电机轴承脂及其生产方法
CN106574201A (zh) * 2014-04-11 2017-04-19 胜牌许可和知识产权有限公司 用于防止和除去内燃机中的碳沉积物的润滑剂
CN106574201B (zh) * 2014-04-11 2020-10-16 胜牌许可和知识产权有限公司 用于防止和除去内燃机中的碳沉积物的润滑剂
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CN107325867A (zh) * 2017-06-20 2017-11-07 广州康尔克润滑油有限公司 一种发动机润滑油及其制备方法
CN108865356A (zh) * 2018-07-11 2018-11-23 王兴民 一种强劲抗摩擦节能汽油机油及其生产工艺
CN109762634A (zh) * 2019-01-21 2019-05-17 北京盛鑫和谐润滑油脂有限公司 一种超长换油里程的节能柴油机油及其制备方法
CN109880680A (zh) * 2019-04-16 2019-06-14 江苏现代节能科技发展有限公司 一种无磷型汽油机润滑油及其制备方法

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NO20042690L (no) 2004-06-25
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JP2005511815A (ja) 2005-04-28
NO20042690D0 (no) 2004-06-25

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