CN107523387B - 一种碳膜发动机专用润滑油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种碳膜发动机专用润滑油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107523387B
CN107523387B CN201710761292.4A CN201710761292A CN107523387B CN 107523387 B CN107523387 B CN 107523387B CN 201710761292 A CN201710761292 A CN 201710761292A CN 107523387 B CN107523387 B CN 107523387B
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parts
lubricating oil
carbon film
engine
copper particles
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CN107523387A (zh
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张玉娟
张晟卯
张平余
张治军
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Henan University
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Henan University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种碳膜发动机专用润滑油，所述润滑油包括下述重量份配比的组分：基础油80－85份，抗泡剂T901 1－2份，聚甲基丙烯酸酯1－2份，分散剂T171 2－4份，亚磷酸二正丁酯1－2份，抗氧剂T512 2－3份，粘度指数改进剂OCP 2－4份，烯基丁二酸酯1－2份，纳米铜微粒3－5份。本发明引入表面修饰的纳米铜微粒，在金属与多种碳膜表面均可形成润滑膜，大大提高了发动机碳膜零部件的稳定性和减摩抗磨能力。同时采用本发明开发设计的高性能发动机润滑油专用新配方，具有均匀稳定分散的能力，同时能够长效保持发动机的清洁、可以大幅延长润滑油、以及碳膜零部件的使用寿命。

Description

一种碳膜发动机专用润滑油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于润滑油技术领域，具体涉及一种碳膜发动机专用润滑油及其制备方法。
背景技术
碳膜由于其高硬度、高的化学稳定性，尤其是其低摩擦磨损的特性在汽车发动机的滑动部件得到广泛应用。其中气缸套、活塞环、活塞裙部位覆盖碳膜可以减小摩擦，有效提高燃油效率，降低零部件磨损，提高设备使用寿命。而在发动机气门垫片、挺杆和凸轮轴之间的摩擦力消耗了内燃机整体效率较大一部分，处于低速空转时可达20%。在这些零部件表面沉积碳膜成为减少摩擦，提高效率的有效途径。鉴于此，碳膜在发动机零部件的应用已经相当广泛，但是目前所研发的发动机润滑油仍是针对金属表面而开发，尤其是其中的减摩抗磨剂多是含硫磷元素的化合物，其工作机理是基于与发动机材料金属表面的摩擦化学反应，形成具有减摩或抗磨功能的金属化合物摩擦膜。而针对碳膜表面，这些机理无法实现，并且其中应用最为广泛的减磨剂对碳膜存在普遍腐蚀磨损作用，大大降低碳膜的服役时间和稳定性，导致碳膜发动机优势无法实现。
针对碳膜发动机零部件表面与现有润滑油不匹配的现状，以及发动机高温、高速、高载的运动特征，需要一种针对性的润滑油以弥补目前碳膜发动机专用润滑油的缺失。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种碳膜发动机专用润滑油，以解决现有润滑油与碳膜表面不匹配，无法实现减摩润滑效果，并导致碳膜持续磨损，稳定性和耐磨能力大大降低的问题。
本发明还提供了上述碳膜发动机专用润滑油的制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种碳膜发动机专用润滑油，所述润滑油包括下述重量份配比的组分：基础油80－85份，抗泡剂T901 1－2份，聚甲基丙烯酸酯1－2份，分散剂T171（聚异丁烯丁二酸季戊四醇酯）2－4份，亚磷酸二正丁酯 1－2份，抗氧剂T512 2－3份，粘度指数改进剂OCP 2－4份，烯基丁二酸酯1－2份，纳米铜微粒3－5份。
具体的，所述基础油可以由合成油和三羟甲基丙烷酯按重量比7：3混合而得，所述合成油为聚α烯烃PAO6、聚α烯烃PAO8或聚α烯烃PAO10等。
进一步优选的，所述润滑油包括下述重量份配比的组分：基础油80份、抗泡剂T9012份，聚甲基丙烯酸酯1份，分散剂T171（聚异丁烯丁二酸季戊四醇酯）4份，亚磷酸二正丁酯2份，抗氧剂T512 3份，粘度指数改进剂OCP 4份，烯基丁二酸酯1份，纳米铜微粒3份。
进一步优选的，所述润滑油包括下述重量份配比的组分：基础油82份、抗泡剂T9012份，聚甲基丙烯酸酯，1份，分散剂T171（聚异丁烯丁二酸季戊四醇酯）2份，亚磷酸二正丁酯1份，抗氧剂T512 3份，粘度指数改进剂OCP 3份，烯基丁二酸酯2份，纳米铜微粒4份。
进一步优选的，所述润滑油包括下述重量份配比的组分：基础油85份、抗泡剂T9011份，聚甲基丙烯酸酯，1份，分散剂T171（聚异丁烯丁二酸季戊四醇酯）2份，亚磷酸二正丁酯1份，抗氧剂T512 2份，粘度指数改进剂OCP 2份，烯基丁二酸酯1份，纳米铜微粒5份。
上述碳膜发动机专用润滑油的制备方法，其具体包括以下步骤：
1）依次向调和反应釜中加入基础油、抗泡剂T901、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、粘度指数改进剂OCP、抗氧剂T512和烯基丁二酸酯，在常温常压条件下以300－400r/min的速度搅拌反应3－4h，得到润滑油初品；
2）向步骤1）所得润滑油初品中加入亚磷酸二正丁酯、分散剂T171和纳米铜微粒，以150－250r/min的速度搅拌2－2.5h，搅拌完成后静置即得成品油，进行抽样检验分析，合格后泵抽吸灌装。。
本发明所述碳膜发动机专用润滑油中所使用原料（除去纳米铜微粒之外）均为普通市售产品。纳米铜微粒是依据本单位已获授权的专利（ZL200910065056.4）制备，其经过二辛基二硫代磷酸修饰，修饰剂含量50－70%，纳米铜核粒径分布范围3－5纳米。纳米铜微粒的作用是提高纳米铜在基础油中的分散稳定性和化学稳定性，以保持铜单质特有的润滑功能。
和现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明引入表面修饰的纳米铜微粒，在金属与多种碳膜表面均可形成润滑膜，大大提高了发动机碳膜零部件的稳定性和减摩抗磨能力。本发明利用金属铜纳米微粒与金属摩擦副（如铁基材料）以及碳膜（包含纯碳膜以及分别含H、Al、Si的掺杂非金属、金属元素的碳膜）都具有良好的亲和性，可以在两种摩擦副表面形成具有高承载、低剪切强度的润滑膜特性，以此来解决发动机内现有润滑油对碳膜零部件表面的腐蚀磨损；同时采用本发明开发设计的碳膜发动机高性能专用润滑油新配方，具有均匀稳定分散的能力，而且能够长效保持发动机的清洁、可以大幅延长润滑油以及碳膜零部件的使用寿命等。
附图说明
图1中A、B分别为依据本发明所述润滑油、市售SL级机油在四种碳膜与不锈钢球对磨时的摩擦系数和碳膜磨损率（摩擦条件：摩擦对偶选用直径4mm不锈钢球，单次行程为5mm，线速度为10mm/s，垂直载荷为8N，实验均在室温下进行）。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步地详细介绍，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。
实施例1
一种碳膜发动机专用润滑油，所述润滑油包括下述重量份配比的组分：基础油80份、抗泡剂T901 2份，聚甲基丙烯酸酯1份，分散剂T171 4份，亚磷酸二正丁酯 2份，抗氧剂T512 3份，粘度指数改进剂OCP 4份，烯基丁二酸酯1份，纳米铜微粒3份。所述基础油由聚α烯烃PAO6和三羟甲基丙烷酯按重量比7：3混合而得。
上述碳膜发动机专用润滑油的制备方法，其具体包括以下步骤：
1）依次向调和反应釜中加入基础油、抗泡剂T901、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、粘度指数改进剂OCP、抗氧剂T512和烯基丁二酸酯，在常温常压条件下以300r/min的速度搅拌反应4h，得到润滑油初品；
2）向步骤1）所得润滑油初品中加入亚磷酸二正丁酯、分散剂T171和纳米铜微粒，以150r/min的速度搅拌2.5h，搅拌完成后静置即得成品油，进行抽样检验分析，合格后泵抽吸灌装。。
实施例2
一种碳膜发动机专用润滑油，所述润滑油包括下述重量份配比的组分：基础油82份、抗泡剂T901 2份，聚甲基丙烯酸酯，1份，分散剂T171 2份，亚磷酸二正丁酯 1份，抗氧剂T512 3份，粘度指数改进剂OCP 3份，烯基丁二酸酯2份，纳米铜微粒4份。所述基础油由聚α烯烃PAO8和三羟甲基丙烷酯按重量比7：3混合而得。
上述碳膜发动机专用润滑油的制备方法，其具体包括以下步骤：
1）依次向调和反应釜中加入基础油、抗泡剂T901、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、粘度指数改进剂OCP、抗氧剂T512和烯基丁二酸酯，在常温常压条件下以400r/min的速度搅拌反应3h，得到润滑油初品；
2）向步骤1）所得润滑油初品中加入亚磷酸二正丁酯、分散剂T171和纳米铜微粒，以250r/min的速度搅拌2h，搅拌完成后静置即得成品油，进行抽样检验分析，合格后泵抽吸灌装。。
实施例3
一种碳膜发动机专用润滑油，所述润滑油包括下述重量份配比的组分：基础油85份、抗泡剂T901 1份，聚甲基丙烯酸酯，1份，分散剂T171 2份，亚磷酸二正丁酯 1份，抗氧剂T512 2份，粘度指数改进剂OCP 2份，烯基丁二酸酯1份，纳米铜微粒5份。所述基础油由聚α烯烃PAO10和三羟甲基丙烷酯按重量比7：3混合而得。
上述碳膜发动机专用润滑油的制备方法，其具体包括以下步骤：
1）依次向调和反应釜中加入基础油、抗泡剂T901、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、粘度指数改进剂OCP、抗氧剂T512和烯基丁二酸酯，在常温常压条件下以350r/min的速度搅拌反应4h，得到润滑油初品；
2）向步骤1）所得润滑油初品中加入亚磷酸二正丁酯、分散剂T171和纳米铜微粒，以200r/min的速度搅拌2.5h，搅拌完成后静置即得成品油，进行抽样检验分析，合格后泵抽吸灌装。。
对实施例1至3制备所得的碳膜发动机专用润滑油进行相关试验，试验结果见图1。图1中A、B分别为依据本发明所述润滑油、市售SL级机油在四种碳膜与不锈钢球对磨时的摩擦系数和碳膜磨损率（摩擦条件：摩擦对偶选用直径4mm不锈钢球，单次行程为5mm，线速度为10mm/s，垂直载荷为8N，实验均在室温下进行）。由图1中可以看出：与市售SL级机油相比，本发明所述碳膜发动机专用润滑油对四种碳膜（纯碳、掺Si、Al、H）的减摩系数降低9-19%，磨损率降低93-99 %，说明本发明润滑油对碳膜起到了突出的保护作用，同时润滑效率也大幅提升。

Claims (6)

1.一种碳膜发动机专用润滑油，其特征在于，所述润滑油包括下述重量份配比的组分：基础油80－85份，抗泡剂T901 1－2份，聚甲基丙烯酸酯1－2份，分散剂T171 2－4份，亚磷酸二正丁酯 1－2份，抗氧剂T512 2－3份，粘度指数改进剂OCP 2－4份，烯基丁二酸酯1－2份，纳米铜微粒3－5份；
纳米铜微粒经过二辛基二硫代磷酸修饰，修饰剂含量50－70%，纳米铜核粒径分布范围3－5纳米。
2.如权利要求1所述的碳膜发动机专用润滑油，其特征在于，所述基础油由合成油和三羟甲基丙烷酯按重量比7：3混合而得，所述合成油为聚α烯烃PAO6、聚α烯烃PAO8或聚α烯烃PAO10。
3.如权利要求1所述的碳膜发动机专用润滑油，其特征在于，所述润滑油包括下述重量份配比的组分：基础油80份、抗泡剂T901 2份，聚甲基丙烯酸酯1份，分散剂T171 4份，亚磷酸二正丁酯 2份，抗氧剂T512 3份，粘度指数改进剂OCP 4份，烯基丁二酸酯1份，纳米铜微粒3份。
4.如权利要求1所述的碳膜发动机专用润滑油，其特征在于，所述润滑油包括下述重量份配比的组分：基础油82份、抗泡剂T901 2份，聚甲基丙烯酸酯，1份，分散剂T171 2份，亚磷酸二正丁酯 1份，抗氧剂T512 3份，粘度指数改进剂OCP 3份，烯基丁二酸酯2份，纳米铜微粒4份。
5.如权利要求1所述的碳膜发动机专用润滑油，其特征在于，所述润滑油包括下述重量份配比的组分：基础油85份、抗泡剂T901 1份，聚甲基丙烯酸酯，1份，分散剂T171 2份，亚磷酸二正丁酯 1份，抗氧剂T512 2份，粘度指数改进剂OCP 2份，烯基丁二酸酯1份，纳米铜微粒5份。
6.权利要求1至5任一所述碳膜发动机专用润滑油的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1）依次向调和反应釜中加入基础油、抗泡剂T901、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、粘度指数改进剂OCP、抗氧剂T512和烯基丁二酸酯，在常温常压条件下以300－400r/min的速度搅拌反应3－4h，得到润滑油初品；
2）向步骤1）所得润滑油初品中加入亚磷酸二正丁酯、分散剂T171和纳米铜微粒，以150－250r/min的速度搅拌2－2.5h，静置即得。
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