CN108864621A - 一种陶瓷/聚合物柔性高介电复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷/聚合物柔性高介电复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108864621A
CN108864621A CN201810616648.XA CN201810616648A CN108864621A CN 108864621 A CN108864621 A CN 108864621A CN 201810616648 A CN201810616648 A CN 201810616648A CN 108864621 A CN108864621 A CN 108864621A
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汪春昌
王舒婷
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Abstract

本发明属于电子元器件材料领域,涉及一种陶瓷/聚合物柔性高介电复合材料及其制备方法。所述材料包括高介电材料BaTiO3用NaNbO3掺杂改性,形成不含铅的铁电陶瓷Na0.35%Ba99.65%Ti99.65%Nb0.35%O3(NNBT),然后与聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)复合,经热压制得PVDF‑NNBT陶瓷/聚合物复合材料。该材料在室温附近很宽的温度范围内(室温至150℃),1MHz下的介电常数稳定在190左右,介电损耗小于6%,而且介电常数的频率稳定性非常好,而且,制备工艺简单,成本低廉,对环境无害,具有良好的产业化前景。

Description

一种陶瓷/聚合物柔性高介电复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于电子元器件材料领域,具体涉及一种陶瓷/聚合物柔性高介电复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着电子信息技术的飞速发展,电容器作为基本的电子元器件之一,已广泛应用于各种电子系统。电子元件的日趋微型化和质轻化对器件的集成度、安全性和寿命提出了更高的要求。而在微型电容器体积受限的情况下,要发展功率大、安全系数高的电容器元件必须使用具有更高介电常数和更低介电损耗的电介质材料。传统的高介电陶瓷材料,损耗大、生产成本高、质脆、不易加工和微型化设计。相比之下,聚合物材料本身除了良好的机械强度、质轻柔韧外,还具有损耗低、成膜性好和成本低廉等优点,但聚合物的介电常数普遍较低(小于4)。因此,把高介电陶瓷和聚合物复合,研发具有高介电常数、低损耗、以及柔性的介电复合材料,已成为了当今信息功能材料的研究热点。现有的陶瓷/聚合物复合材料,虽能有效地降低介电损耗,但大大地降低了介电常数(一般小于50)。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种陶瓷/聚合物柔性高介电复合材料及其制备方法,得到性能优良的陶瓷/聚合物基电容器介质材料,具有介电常数大,介电损耗小、介电常数和损耗的温度/频率稳定性好,且制备工艺简单,成本低廉,对环境无害等特征。
为了实现以上目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:一种陶瓷/聚合物柔性高介电复合材料,按质量比为2:3称取PVDF粉末和筛选后的NNBT陶瓷粉末,所述的NNBT陶瓷粉末采用纯度大于99.99%的BaCO3、TiO2、Nb2O5和Na2CO3,按照BaCO3:TiO2:Nb2O5:Na2CO3=99.65%:99.65%:0.35%:0.35%的摩尔比进行配料。
进一步的,所述的筛选后的NNBT陶瓷粉末的粒径小于120目。
制备上述复合材料的方法的具体步骤为:
(1)将纯度大于99.99%的BaCO3、TiO2、Nb2O5和Na2CO3作为起始原料,按照BaCO3:TiO2:Nb2O5:Na2CO3=99.65%:99.65%:0.35%:0.35%的摩尔比进行配料后以无水乙醇为球磨介质,混合球磨2小时,于80℃下烘干制得烘干样品;
(2)把步骤(1)制得的烘干样品在1050℃预烧2小时,制得预烧后的粉体;
(3)将预烧后的粉体研碎,以无水乙醇为球磨介质球磨2小时混合均匀,于80℃下烘干研磨成粉末,将制得的烘干样品在1270℃烧结2小时,将粉体研碎然后过120目筛选粒径,得到筛选后的NNBT陶瓷粉末;
(4)按质量比为2:3称取PVDF粉末和筛选后的NNBT陶瓷粉末,通过使用磁力搅拌器搅拌2小时,将PVDF溶解DMF溶液中,然后倒入NNBT陶瓷粉末搅拌至溶胶状态,在120℃下干燥12小时得到所需复合材料粉末,在200℃的温度下保温10分钟,即制得PVDF-NNBT陶瓷/聚合物复合材料。
进一步的,步骤4)中,在NNBT的用量为60wt%。
本发明的技术效果在于:
本发明采用传统的固相反应法和热压成型法制备介质材料,在室温附近介电常数和损耗对温度和频率的依赖性很弱,满足介电常数大,介电损耗小、介电常数和损耗的温度/频率稳定性好的要求。
本发明采用首先对高介电材料BaTiO3用NaNbO3掺杂改性,形成不含铅的铁电陶瓷Na0.35%Ba99.65%Ti99.65%Nb0.35%O3(NNBT),然后再与聚合物聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)复合,有效地克服了铁电陶瓷/聚合物复合材料介电常数过低的问题。
本发明得到的高介电复合材料名义化学组成为:PVDF-0.6NNBT,是一种柔性材料,所制备的复合材料在室温附近介电常数和损耗对温度和频率的依赖性很弱,满足介电常数大,介电损耗小、介电常数和损耗的温度/频率稳定性好的要求,而且制备工艺简单,成本低廉,对环境无害,具有良好的产业化前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例制得的PVDF-0.6NNBT介电复合材料的X射线图谱;
图2为本发明实施例制得的PVDF-0.6NNBT介电复合材料的截面显微形貌照片;
图3为本发明实施例制得的PVDF-0.6NNBT介电复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗在室温下随频率变化的规律图;
图4为本发明实施例制得的PVDF-0.6NNBT介电复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗随温度变化的规律图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本申请的一种陶瓷/聚合物柔性高介电复合材料及其制备方法。所述材料包括高介电材料BaTiO3用NaNbO3掺杂改性,形成不含铅的铁电陶瓷Na0.35%Ba99.65%Ti99.65%Nb0.35%O3(NNBT),然后与聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)复合,经热压制得PVDF-NNBT陶瓷/聚合物复合材料。该材料在室温附近很宽的温度范围内(室温至150℃),1MHz下的介电常数稳定在190左右,介电损耗小于6%,而且介电常数的频率稳定性非常好,而且,制备工艺简单,成本低廉,对环境无害,具有良好的产业化前景。
本申请中NNBT粉末与NNBT陶瓷粉末为同一概念。
实施例:
将纯度大于99.99%的BaCO3、TiO2、Nb2O5和Na2CO3原料按化学计量比为Na0.35%Ba99.65%Ti99.65%Nb0.35%O3配料放入球磨罐中;选择玛瑙球和玛瑙罐,球磨介质为无水乙醇,混合球磨2小时,转速为1200转/分钟;所得产物置于80℃烘箱烘干,以3℃/分钟的升温速率升至1050℃预烧结2小时;取出预烧后的粉体研碎,再以无水乙醇为球磨介质球磨2小时混合均匀,于80℃下烘干,以3℃/分钟的升温速率升至1270℃烧结2小时,将取出的粉体研碎然后过120目的筛网得到粒径为0.12mm的陶瓷颗粒。按质量比为2:3称取PVDF粉末和筛选后的NNBT陶瓷粉末,用DMF在磁力搅拌器中搅拌2小时,至PVDF完全溶解。再加入过筛后的NNBT粉末倒入上述溶液继续搅拌至溶胶状态,在120℃下干燥12小时得到复合材料粉末。在10MPa压强下,200℃温度下保温10分钟,压成直径为6.5mm,厚度为1.5mm的圆片状块材,即为所制得的样品PVDF-0.6NNBT。
将本实施例制得的介电复合材料制成圆片电容器,两侧均烧上银电极,然后测试并计算该介质材料的相对介电常数和介电损耗随温度和频率的变化,如图3所示,PVDF-0.6NNBT介电复合材料在室温下有着很好的频率稳定性;如图4所示,PVDF-0.6NNBT介电复合材料的介电常数和较低的介电损耗,性能优良,满足电容器材料的要求。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。

Claims (4)

1.一种陶瓷/聚合物柔性高介电复合材料,其特征在于,按质量比为2:3称取PVDF粉末和筛选后的NNBT陶瓷粉末,所述的NNBT陶瓷粉末采用纯度大于99.99%的BaCO3、TiO2、Nb2O5和Na2CO3,按照BaCO3:TiO2:Nb2O5:Na2CO3=99.65%:99.65%:0.35%:0.35%的摩尔比进行配料。
2.一种陶瓷/聚合物柔性高介电复合材料,其特征在于,所述的筛选后的NNBT陶瓷粉末的粒径小于120目。
3.一种陶瓷/聚合物柔性高介电复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)将纯度大于99.99%的BaCO3、TiO2、Nb2O5和Na2CO3作为起始原料,按照BaCO3:TiO2:Nb2O5:Na2CO3=99.65%:99.65%:0.35%:0.35%的摩尔比进行配料后以无水乙醇为球磨介质,混合球磨2小时,于80℃下烘干制得烘干样品;
2)把步骤1)制得的烘干样品在1050℃预烧2小时,制得预烧后的粉体;
3)将预烧后的粉体研碎,以无水乙醇为球磨介质球磨2小时混合均匀,于80℃下烘干研磨成粉末,将制得的烘干样品在1270℃烧结2小时,将粉体研碎然后过120目筛选粒径,得到筛选后的NNBT陶瓷粉末;
4)按质量比为2:3称取PVDF粉末和筛选后的NNBT陶瓷粉末,通过使用磁力搅拌器搅拌2小时,将PVDF溶解DMF溶液中,然后倒入NNBT陶瓷粉末搅拌至溶胶状态,在120℃下干燥12小时得到所需复合材料粉末,在200℃的温度下保温10分钟,即制得PVDF-NNBT陶瓷/聚合物复合材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种陶瓷/聚合物柔性高介电复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤4)中,在NNBT的用量为60wt%。
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