CN108848974A - A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of grape - Google Patents
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of grape Download PDFInfo
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- CN108848974A CN108848974A CN201810521066.3A CN201810521066A CN108848974A CN 108848974 A CN108848974 A CN 108848974A CN 201810521066 A CN201810521066 A CN 201810521066A CN 108848974 A CN108848974 A CN 108848974A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cuttage and seedling culture methods of grape, are related to wine-growing technical field, include the following steps：(1) prepare to cuttage and seedling culture；(2) cuttings is handled；(3) cuttage；The survival rate of grape cuttage seeding can not only be greatly improved in the cuttage and seedling culture method of grape of the present invention, while can effectively promote the growth and development of root system, improve its disease resistance to a certain extent, reduce pest and disease damage incidence.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wine-growing technical fields, and in particular to a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of grape.
Background technique
Grape fruit is full of nutrition, not only containing glucose, fructose, a variety of organic acids, minerals and more than 20 kinds of amino acid,
Aromatic substance, cellulose etc..Research in recent years shows that grape contains resveratrol and multivitamin, to anti-curing cancers and painstaking effort
Pipe disease has good effect, and grape has become important health fruit recognised by people, and grape has many uses, in addition to fruit can be fresh
It eats, make wine, juice processed, making and do, outside can processed, grape pulp and grape jelly can also be processed；Chinese medicine thinks that grape is mild-natured, sweet in flavor
Acid enters lung, spleen, kidney channel, have fill blood, liver and kidney benefiting, born fluid, strengthening the bones and muscles, cough-relieving relieving restlessness, tonifying Qi and blood, tonneau urine function
Effect.
Currently, the demand due to market to grape is very big, and nursery success or not directly affects the yield of grape, although mesh
Preceding wine-growing both domestic and external is seen everywhere, and grape -growing areas both domestic and external is also increasing year by year, still, at present using tradition
Mode nursery causes grape nursery stock reproductive survival rate low, seedling since the factors such as extensive management, technology weakness, natural conditions influence
The wooden pest and disease damage is high-incidence, directly reduces the yield of grape, is unable to satisfy existing market to the high demand of grape, so, optimization tradition
Grape method for culturing seedlings, improve nursery stock survival rate, effectively realize the volume increase of grape, there is weight to the long term growth of wine-growing
Want meaning.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to existing problem, a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of grape is provided.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of grape, includes the following steps：
(1) prepare to cuttage and seedling culture：Choose sunshine is sufficient, husky earth of fertile soil as cuttage and seedling culture, by cuttage and seedling culture
30-40cm is ploughed deeply, being then uniformly sprinkled into soil improves object, and the amount of being sprinkled into is 65-70kg per acre, mixes thoroughly, after placing 35 days, then presses
1500kg/ mus of amount applies organic fertilizer, after mixing thoroughly, places 20 days；
(2) cuttings is handled：Selection stem is sturdy, bud head is full, there is 2 bud heads, no disease and pests harm, the branch having no mechanical damage on branch
Cuttings bottom section insertion mass fraction is in the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution of 6.5-7.5%, insertion depth is as cuttings by item
5cm, meanwhile, the L-Epicatechin gallate solution that mass fraction is 0.15-0.18% is injected into cuttings, every stem cutting fringe
Injection volume is 0.15-0.2mL, and injection position is above the section of cuttings bottom at 10cm, and cuttings soaking time is 1-1.5 hours；
(3) cuttage：By in the cuttings insertion cuttage and seedling culture ground after immersion, cuttage depth is 10cm, after cuttage, is sprinkled profoundly water, then
The 3rd day after cuttage, the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution for being 5% to cuttings spray mass fraction by 500~600kg/ mus of amounts.
Further, the soil improvement object preparation method is：
（1）In mass ratio it is 1: 3.5 ratio by sodium alginate and methanol, is added in reaction kettle；
（2）It is 1 by the mass ratio of sodium alginate and dimethyl suflfate：0.2 mass ratio, dimethyl sulfate is added into reaction kettle
Ester was heated to 70 DEG C, with 500r/min revolving speed stirring 2 hours；
（3）When temperature in reaction kettle is down to 30 DEG C, the zeolite powder of sodium alginate quality 30% is added into reaction kettle, continues to stir
Mix 40min；
（4）PH value of reaction system is adjusted to 8.0, the cornstarch of sodium alginate quality 10% is then added, is turned with 1500r/min
Speed stirring 40min, be then filtered, clean, drying to constant weight, crush, ground 800 mesh to get.
Further, the organic fertilizer is made of following component by weight：Chicken dung 150, cotton seed hulls 20, corn
Straw powder 32, dregs of beans 15.
Further, the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution manufacturing method is：
（1）Asia puecon grass is crushed using pulverizer, 80 meshes is crossed, obtains Asia puecon grass meal, lanthanum chloride solution is adjusted to alkalinity, then will
Asia puecon grass meal uses mass fraction to impregnate 40min at 55 DEG C for 0.025% lanthanum chloride solution, is then filtered and is dried to perseverance
Weight；
（2）By 1:15 mass ratio is added 90% ethanol solution in Asia puecon grass and carries out ultrasonic wave added soxhlet type, ultrasonic power
750W, extracts 3.5h every time by 72 DEG C of Soxhlet extraction temperature, repeats to extract 5 times, combined extract；
（3）Extracting solution is freeze-dried to get Asia puecon grass alcohol extract.
The present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art：The method of the cuttage and seedling culture of grape provided by the invention, operation
Simply, it after seedling cuttage, survives fastly, growing way is good, and yield is high.It is 6.5-7.5% by the way that mass fraction is inserted into cuttings bottom section
Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution in, meanwhile, by mass fraction be 0.15-0.18% L-Epicatechin gallate be injected into cuttings
In processing, the activity of various enzymes in grape cuttage seeding can be effectively improved, meanwhile, it is capable to effectively induce cuttings root base
It is formed, while adjusting the physiological status of plant cutting, promote the synthesis of chlorophyll, adjust the content of soluble sugar, increased solvable
Property protein accumulation be jointly processed by the growth of taking root that cutting also helps cuttings so that cuttings be made to be conducive to take root growth, raising
Callus differentiation, the proliferation for promoting bud, are conducive to nurturing staff, and the present invention impregnates Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution and injection table catechu
The reciprocal effects of plain gallate can not only improve the survival rate and uniformity of cuttage and seedling culture, for disease and environment
The resistance of variation is also enhanced.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of grape, includes the following steps：
(1) prepare to cuttage and seedling culture：Choose sunshine is sufficient, husky earth of fertile soil as cuttage and seedling culture, by cuttage and seedling culture
30cm is ploughed deeply, being then uniformly sprinkled into soil improves object, and the amount of being sprinkled into is 65kg per acre, mixes thoroughly, after placing 35 days, then presses 1500kg/
The amount of mu applies organic fertilizer, after mixing thoroughly, places 20 days；
(2) cuttings is handled：Selection stem is sturdy, bud head is full, there is 2 bud heads, no disease and pests harm, the branch having no mechanical damage on branch
Cuttings bottom section is inserted into the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution that mass fraction is 6.5%, insertion depth 5cm by item as cuttings,
Meanwhile the L-Epicatechin gallate solution that mass fraction is 0.15% being injected into cuttings, every stem cutting fringe injection volume is
0.15mL, injection position are above the section of cuttings bottom at 10cm, and cuttings soaking time is 1 hour；
(3) cuttage：By in the cuttings insertion cuttage and seedling culture ground after immersion, cuttage depth is 10cm, after cuttage, is sprinkled profoundly water, then
The 3rd day after cuttage, the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution for being 5% to cuttings spray mass fraction by 500kg/ mus of amounts.
Further, the soil improvement object preparation method is：
（1）In mass ratio it is 1: 3.5 ratio by sodium alginate and methanol, is added in reaction kettle；
（2）It is 1 by the mass ratio of sodium alginate and dimethyl suflfate：0.2 mass ratio, dimethyl sulfate is added into reaction kettle
Ester was heated to 70 DEG C, with 500r/min revolving speed stirring 2 hours；
（3）When temperature in reaction kettle is down to 30 DEG C, the zeolite powder of sodium alginate quality 30% is added into reaction kettle, continues to stir
Mix 40min；
（4）PH value of reaction system is adjusted to 8.0, the cornstarch of sodium alginate quality 10% is then added, is turned with 1500r/min
Speed stirring 40min, be then filtered, clean, drying to constant weight, crush, ground 800 mesh to get.
Further, the organic fertilizer is made of following component by weight：Chicken dung 150, cotton seed hulls 20, corn
Straw powder 32, dregs of beans 15.
Further, the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution manufacturing method is：
（1）Asia puecon grass is crushed using pulverizer, 80 meshes is crossed, obtains Asia puecon grass meal, lanthanum chloride solution is adjusted to alkalinity, then will
Asia puecon grass meal uses mass fraction to impregnate 40min at 55 DEG C for 0.025% lanthanum chloride solution, is then filtered and is dried to perseverance
Weight；
（2）By 1:15 mass ratio is added 90% ethanol solution in Asia puecon grass and carries out ultrasonic wave added soxhlet type, ultrasonic power
750W, extracts 3.5h every time by 72 DEG C of Soxhlet extraction temperature, repeats to extract 5 times, combined extract；
（3）Extracting solution is freeze-dried to get Asia puecon grass alcohol extract.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of grape, includes the following steps：
(1) prepare to cuttage and seedling culture：Choose sunshine is sufficient, husky earth of fertile soil as cuttage and seedling culture, by cuttage and seedling culture
40cm is ploughed deeply, being then uniformly sprinkled into soil improves object, and the amount of being sprinkled into is 70kg per acre, mixes thoroughly, after placing 35 days, then presses 1500kg/
The amount of mu applies organic fertilizer, after mixing thoroughly, places 20 days；
(2) cuttings is handled：Selection stem is sturdy, bud head is full, there is 2 bud heads, no disease and pests harm, the branch having no mechanical damage on branch
Cuttings bottom section is inserted into the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution that mass fraction is 7.5%, insertion depth 5cm by item as cuttings,
Meanwhile the L-Epicatechin gallate solution that mass fraction is 0.18% being injected into cuttings, every stem cutting fringe injection volume is
0.2mL, injection position are above the section of cuttings bottom at 10cm, and cuttings soaking time is 1.5 hours；
(3) cuttage：By in the cuttings insertion cuttage and seedling culture ground after immersion, cuttage depth is 10cm, after cuttage, is sprinkled profoundly water, then
The 3rd day after cuttage, the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution for being 5% to cuttings spray mass fraction by 600kg/ mus of amounts.
Further, the soil improvement object preparation method is：
（1）In mass ratio it is 1: 3.5 ratio by sodium alginate and methanol, is added in reaction kettle；
（2）It is 1 by the mass ratio of sodium alginate and dimethyl suflfate：0.2 mass ratio, dimethyl sulfate is added into reaction kettle
Ester was heated to 70 DEG C, with 500r/min revolving speed stirring 2 hours；
（3）When temperature in reaction kettle is down to 30 DEG C, the zeolite powder of sodium alginate quality 30% is added into reaction kettle, continues to stir
Mix 40min；
（4）PH value of reaction system is adjusted to 8.0, the cornstarch of sodium alginate quality 10% is then added, is turned with 1500r/min
Speed stirring 40min, be then filtered, clean, drying to constant weight, crush, ground 800 mesh to get.
Further, the organic fertilizer is made of following component by weight：Chicken dung 150, cotton seed hulls 20, corn
Straw powder 32, dregs of beans 15.
Further, the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution manufacturing method is：
（1）Asia puecon grass is crushed using pulverizer, 80 meshes is crossed, obtains Asia puecon grass meal, lanthanum chloride solution is adjusted to alkalinity, then will
Asia puecon grass meal uses mass fraction to impregnate 40min at 55 DEG C for 0.025% lanthanum chloride solution, is then filtered and is dried to perseverance
Weight；
（2）By 1:15 mass ratio is added 90% ethanol solution in Asia puecon grass and carries out ultrasonic wave added soxhlet type, ultrasonic power
750W, extracts 3.5h every time by 72 DEG C of Soxhlet extraction temperature, repeats to extract 5 times, combined extract；
（3）Extracting solution is freeze-dried to get Asia puecon grass alcohol extract.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of grape, includes the following steps：
(1) prepare to cuttage and seedling culture：Choose sunshine is sufficient, husky earth of fertile soil as cuttage and seedling culture, by cuttage and seedling culture
36cm is ploughed deeply, being then uniformly sprinkled into soil improves object, and the amount of being sprinkled into is 68kg per acre, mixes thoroughly, after placing 35 days, then presses 1500kg/
The amount of mu applies organic fertilizer, after mixing thoroughly, places 20 days；
(2) cuttings is handled：Selection stem is sturdy, bud head is full, there is 2 bud heads, no disease and pests harm, the branch having no mechanical damage on branch
Cuttings bottom section is inserted into the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution that mass fraction is 6.9%, insertion depth 5cm by item as cuttings,
Meanwhile the L-Epicatechin gallate solution that mass fraction is 0.16% being injected into cuttings, every stem cutting fringe injection volume is
0.18mL, injection position are above the section of cuttings bottom at 10cm, and cuttings soaking time is 1.2 hours；
(3) cuttage：By in the cuttings insertion cuttage and seedling culture ground after immersion, cuttage depth is 10cm, after cuttage, is sprinkled profoundly water, then
The 3rd day after cuttage, the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution for being 5% to cuttings spray mass fraction by 550kg/ mus of amounts.
Further, the soil improvement object preparation method is：
（1）In mass ratio it is 1: 3.5 ratio by sodium alginate and methanol, is added in reaction kettle；
（2）It is 1 by the mass ratio of sodium alginate and dimethyl suflfate：0.2 mass ratio, dimethyl sulfate is added into reaction kettle
Ester was heated to 70 DEG C, with 500r/min revolving speed stirring 2 hours；
（3）When temperature in reaction kettle is down to 30 DEG C, the zeolite powder of sodium alginate quality 30% is added into reaction kettle, continues to stir
Mix 40min；
（4）PH value of reaction system is adjusted to 8.0, the cornstarch of sodium alginate quality 10% is then added, is turned with 1500r/min
Speed stirring 40min, be then filtered, clean, drying to constant weight, crush, ground 800 mesh to get.
Further, the organic fertilizer is made of following component by weight：Chicken dung 150, cotton seed hulls 20, corn
Straw powder 32, dregs of beans 15.
Further, the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution manufacturing method is：
（1）Asia puecon grass is crushed using pulverizer, 80 meshes is crossed, obtains Asia puecon grass meal, lanthanum chloride solution is adjusted to alkalinity, then will
Asia puecon grass meal uses mass fraction to impregnate 40min at 55 DEG C for 0.025% lanthanum chloride solution, is then filtered and is dried to perseverance
Weight；
（2）By 1:15 mass ratio is added 90% ethanol solution in Asia puecon grass and carries out ultrasonic wave added soxhlet type, ultrasonic power
750W, extracts 3.5h every time by 72 DEG C of Soxhlet extraction temperature, repeats to extract 5 times, combined extract；
（3）Extracting solution is freeze-dried to get Asia puecon grass alcohol extract.
Comparative example 1：It is only that with the difference of embodiment 1 and Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution is replaced with into Asiatic plantain alcohol extract solution, made
Preparation Method is identical.
Comparative example 2：It is only that with the difference of embodiment 1 and Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution is replaced with into clear water.
Comparative example 3：It is only that with the difference of embodiment 1 and L-Epicatechin gallate solution is replaced with into clear water.
Test
Grape seedlings cuttage is carried out by embodiment and comparative example method, grape variety uses summer black grape, and cuttings uses same maternal plant
It is intercepted on grape, carries out nursery comparison；Control group uses application number：201210170435.1 method：
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the cuttage and seedling culture method of grape of the present invention can not only be greatly improved grape cuttage seeding at
Motility rate, while the growth and development of root system can be effectively promoted, its disease resistance is improved to a certain extent, reduces pest and disease damage
Incidence.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of cuttage and seedling culture method of grape, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) prepare to cuttage and seedling culture：Choose sunshine is sufficient, husky earth of fertile soil as cuttage and seedling culture, by cuttage and seedling culture
30-40cm is ploughed deeply, being then uniformly sprinkled into soil improves object, and the amount of being sprinkled into is 65-70kg per acre, mixes thoroughly, after placing 35 days, then presses
1500kg/ mus of amount applies organic fertilizer, after mixing thoroughly, places 20 days；
(2) cuttings is handled：Selection stem is sturdy, bud head is full, there is 2 bud heads, no disease and pests harm, the branch having no mechanical damage on branch
Cuttings bottom section insertion mass fraction is in the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution of 6.5-7.5%, insertion depth is as cuttings by item
5cm, meanwhile, the L-Epicatechin gallate that mass fraction is 0.15-0.18% is injected into cuttings, every stem cutting fringe injection
Amount is 0.15-0.2mL, and injection position is above the section of cuttings bottom at 10cm, and cuttings soaking time is 1-1.5 hours；
(3) cuttage：By in the cuttings insertion cuttage and seedling culture ground after immersion, cuttage depth is 10cm, after cuttage, is sprinkled profoundly water, then
The 3rd day after cuttage, the Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution for being 5% to cuttings spray mass fraction by 500~600kg/ mus of amounts.
2. the cuttage and seedling culture method of grape as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the soil improves object preparation method
For：
（1）In mass ratio it is 1: 3.5 ratio by sodium alginate and methanol, is added in reaction kettle；
（2）It is 1 by the mass ratio of sodium alginate and dimethyl suflfate：0.2 mass ratio, dimethyl sulfate is added into reaction kettle
Ester was heated to 70 DEG C, with 500r/min revolving speed stirring 2 hours；
（3）When temperature in reaction kettle is down to 30 DEG C, the zeolite powder of sodium alginate quality 30% is added into reaction kettle, continues to stir
Mix 40min；
（4）PH value of reaction system is adjusted to 8.0, the cornstarch of sodium alginate quality 10% is then added, is turned with 1500r/min
Speed stirring 40min, be then filtered, clean, drying to constant weight, crush, ground 800 mesh to get.
3. the cuttage and seedling culture method of grape as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic fertilizer by weight by with
Lower ingredient is made：Chicken dung 150, cotton seed hulls 20, corn stalk powder 32, dregs of beans 15.
4. the cuttage and seedling culture method of grape as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that Asia puecon grass alcohol extract solution preparation side
Method is：
（1）Asia puecon grass is crushed using pulverizer, 80 meshes is crossed, obtains Asia puecon grass meal, lanthanum chloride solution is adjusted to alkalinity, then will
Asia puecon grass meal uses mass fraction to impregnate 40min at 55 DEG C for 0.025% lanthanum chloride solution, is then filtered and is dried to perseverance
Weight；
（2）By 1:15 mass ratio is added 90% ethanol solution in Asia puecon grass and carries out ultrasonic wave added soxhlet type, ultrasonic power
750W, extracts 3.5h every time by 72 DEG C of Soxhlet extraction temperature, repeats to extract 5 times, combined extract；
（3）Extracting solution is freeze-dried to get Asia puecon grass alcohol extract.
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