CN108841026A - 一种涂层浆料、涂层隔膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种涂层浆料、涂层隔膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108841026A
CN108841026A CN201810657182.8A CN201810657182A CN108841026A CN 108841026 A CN108841026 A CN 108841026A CN 201810657182 A CN201810657182 A CN 201810657182A CN 108841026 A CN108841026 A CN 108841026A
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徐锋
贾亚峰
袁海朝
苏碧海
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Hebei Gellec New Energy Material Science and Technoloy Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种涂层浆料、涂层隔膜及其制备方法,涉及电池隔膜技术领域。涂层隔膜由涂层浆料形成于基膜上得到,按重量份数计,涂层浆料包括:聚偏氟乙烯2.5‑3.2份、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯11‑13份、分散剂0.7‑1.2份、增稠剂0.8‑1.2份、消泡剂0.3‑0.6份、粘接剂1.8‑2.3份以及水17‑20份。该涂层隔膜具有较好的粘接作用。

Description

一种涂层浆料、涂层隔膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电池隔膜技术领域,且特别涉及一种涂层浆料、涂层隔膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
锂电池结构中,隔膜是关键的内层组件之一。隔膜的性能决定了电池的界面结构、内阻等,直接影响电池的容量、循环以及安全性能等特性,性能优异的隔膜对提高电池的综合性能具有重要的作用。隔膜的主要作用是使电池的正、负极分隔开来,防止两极接触而短路,此外还具有能使电解质离子通过的功能。
其中,PVDF涂层隔膜在锂电池结构中,主要是凝胶电解质作用,以及粘结隔膜与极片的作用,增加电芯的硬度。但是单纯的PVDF涂层的粘结性有时很难满足客户的要求,即粘结力不足。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种涂层浆料,该涂层浆料可涂布在基膜上形成涂层隔膜。
本发明的第二目的在于提供一种涂层隔膜,该涂层隔膜具有较好的粘接作用。
本发明的第三目的在于提供一种涂层隔膜的制备方法,该方法简单,易操作。
本发明解决其技术问题是采用以下技术方案来实现的。
本发明提出一种涂层浆料,按重量份数计,涂层浆料包括:聚偏氟乙烯2.5-3.2份、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯11-13份、分散剂0.7-1.2份、增稠剂0.8-1.2份、消泡剂0.3-0.6份、粘接剂1.8-2.3份以及水17-20份。
本发明提出一种涂层隔膜,涂层隔膜由上述的涂层浆料形成于基膜上得到。
本发明还提出一种如上述的涂层隔膜的制备方法,包括:将涂层浆料涂布于基膜的表面形成水性涂层,再在30-80℃的温度条件下烘干。
本发明实施例的有益效果是:本公开的涂层浆料以水作为溶剂,聚偏氟乙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯作为主要成膜组分,在一定温度作用下,水蒸发后,涂层浆料形成在基膜表面上成膜,由于聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的界面粘接作用较好,在聚偏氟乙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的共同作用下,增加了涂层隔膜的粘接力;分散剂可使得涂层浆料中的各组分分散均匀,增稠剂可以使得涂层浆料稠度增加,调节涂层浆料的流变性;消泡剂可以降低涂层浆料的表面张力,抑制泡沫产生;粘接剂可使得涂层浆料中的各组分更好地粘接在一起,有利于涂层浆料形成品质好的膜层。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本发明实施例1的涂层隔膜的SEM图谱;
图2为本发明对比例1的涂层隔膜的SEM图谱;
图3为本发明对比例2的涂层隔膜的SEM图谱。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
下面对本发明实施例的一种涂层浆料、涂层隔膜及其制备方法进行具体说明。
一种涂层隔膜,涂层隔膜由涂层浆料形成于基膜上得到。其中,基膜可以选择聚烯烃基膜。
在一些实施方式中,按重量份数计,涂层浆料包括:聚偏氟乙烯2.5-3.2份、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯11-13份、分散剂0.7-1.2份、增稠剂0.8-1.2份、消泡剂0.3-0.6份、粘接剂1.8-2.3份以及水17-20份。
在一些实施方式中,按重量份数计,涂层浆料包括:聚偏氟乙烯2.8-3份、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯11.5-12.5份、分散剂0.8-1.1份、增稠剂0.9-1.1份、消泡剂0.4-0.5份、粘接剂2-2.2份以及水18-19份。
本实施方式中的涂层浆料中的水作为溶剂,聚偏氟乙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯作为主要成膜组分,在一定温度作用下,水蒸发后,涂层浆料形成在基膜表面上成膜,由于聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的界面粘接作用较好,在聚偏氟乙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的共同作用下,增加了涂层隔膜的粘接力;分散剂可使得涂层浆料中的各组分分散均匀,增稠剂可以使得涂层浆料稠度增加,调节涂层浆料的流变性;消泡剂可以降低涂层浆料的表面张力,抑制泡沫产生;粘接剂可使得涂层浆料中的各组分更好地粘接在一起,有利于涂层浆料形成品质好的膜层。由于涂层隔膜的粘接性较好,涂层隔膜能与极片粘接得较好,从而可降低界面电阻。
其中,分散剂包括脂肪酸类、脂肪族酰胺类、酯类和低分子蜡类中的一种或多种。例如,可以选择乙烯基双硬脂酰胺、硬脂酰胺、硬脂酸单甘油酯、三硬脂酸甘油酯或液体石蜡。
其中,增稠剂包括聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种。
另外,消泡剂包括天然油脂、矿物油、固体颗粒和表面活性剂中的一种或多种。
其中,粘接剂包括环氧树脂、聚氨酯、聚丙烯酸酯和醇酸树脂中的一种或多种。
一种如上述的涂层隔膜的制备方法,包括:将涂层浆料涂布于基膜的表面形成水性涂层,再在30-80℃的温度条件下烘干。其中,涂布的方式包括辊涂或浸涂。
由于本实施方式的涂层隔膜由涂层浆料形成在基膜表面上得到,制备工艺简单,生产效率较高,可适用于大规模的工业化生产。
以下结合实施例对本发明的特征和性能作进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
(1)向18kg去离子水中加入3kg聚偏氟乙烯和1kg乙撑基双硬脂酰胺,混合搅拌2h,使之分散均匀,然后加入12kg聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶液搅拌0.5h。最后添加1kg聚乙烯醇、0.5kg矿物油、2kg聚丙烯酸酯搅拌均匀即可得到水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料;
(2)将上述水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料涂布于聚烯烃基膜的一侧表面形成1~2um的水性涂层,再在50℃的烘箱,烘烤干燥5min得到涂层隔膜。
实施例2
(1)向18kg去离子水中加入3kg聚偏氟乙烯和1kg液体石蜡,混合搅拌1h,使之分散均匀,然后加入12kg聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶液搅拌0.5h。最后添加1kg聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、0.5kg天然油脂、2kg环氧树脂搅拌均匀即可得到水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料;
(2)将上述水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料涂布于聚烯烃基膜的双侧表面形成1~2um的水性涂层,再在80℃的烘箱,烘烤干燥1min得到涂层隔膜。
实施例3
(1)向17kg去离子水中加入2.5kg聚偏氟乙烯和0.8kg乙撑基双硬脂酰胺,混合搅拌1h,使之分散均匀,然后加入11kg聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶液搅拌0.5h。最后添加0.9kg聚乙二醇、0.4kg固体颗粒、1.8kg聚丙烯酸酯搅拌均匀即可得到水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料;
(2)将上述水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料涂布于聚烯烃基膜的双侧表面形成1~2um的水性涂层,再在60℃的烘箱,烘烤干燥4min得到涂层隔膜。
实施例4
(1)向20kg去离子水中加入2.8kg聚偏氟乙烯和0.9kg液体石蜡,混合搅拌2h,使之分散均匀,然后加入13kg聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶液搅拌0.5h。最后添加1.1kg聚乙烯醇、0.5kg天然油脂、2.1kg醇酸树脂搅拌均匀即可得到水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料;
(2)将上述水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料涂布于聚烯烃基膜的双侧表面形成1~2um的水性涂层,再在50℃的烘箱,烘烤干燥5min得到涂层隔膜。
实施例5
(1)向19kg去离子水中加入3.2kg聚偏氟乙烯和1.1kg乙撑基双硬脂酰胺,混合搅拌2h,使之分散均匀,然后加入11.5kg聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶液搅拌0.5h。最后添加0.8kg聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、0.6kg矿物油、2.3kg聚丙烯酸酯搅拌均匀即可得到水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料;
(2)将上述水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料涂布于聚烯烃基膜的一侧表面形成1~2um的水性涂层,再在30℃的烘箱,烘烤干燥3min得到涂层隔膜。
实施例6
(1)向18.5kg去离子水中加入2.7kg聚偏氟乙烯和1.2kg乙撑基双硬脂酰胺,混合搅拌2h,使之分散均匀,然后加入12.5kg聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶液搅拌0.5h。最后添加0.9kg聚乙烯醇、0.3kg矿物油、2.2kg聚氨酯搅拌均匀即可得到水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料;
(2)将上述水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料涂布于聚烯烃基膜的一侧表面形成1~2um的水性涂层,再在70℃的烘箱,烘烤干燥2min得到涂层隔膜。
实施例7
(1)向17.5kg去离子水中加入2.6kg聚偏氟乙烯和0.8kg乙撑基双硬脂酰胺,混合搅拌2h,使之分散均匀,然后加入11kg聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶液搅拌0.5h。最后添加1.2kg聚乙烯醇、0.4kg矿物油、1.9kg聚丙烯酸酯搅拌均匀即可得到水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料;
(2)将上述水性PMMA/PVDF涂层浆料涂布于聚烯烃基膜的一侧表面形成1~2um的水性涂层,再在50℃的烘箱,烘烤干燥3min得到涂层隔膜。
对比例1
(1)向18kg去离子水中加入3kg聚偏氟乙烯和1kg乙撑基双硬脂酰胺,混合搅拌2h,使之分散均匀,添加1kg聚乙烯醇、0.5kg矿物油、2kg聚丙烯酸酯搅拌均匀即可得到涂层浆料;
(2)将上述涂层浆料涂布于聚烯烃基膜的一侧表面1~2um的水性涂层,再在50℃的烘箱,烘烤干燥5min得到涂层隔膜。
对比例2
(1)向18kg去离子水中加入1kg乙撑基双硬脂酰胺,混合搅拌2h,使之分散均匀,然后加入12kg聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯溶液搅拌0.5h。最后添加1kg聚乙烯醇、0.5kg矿物油、2kg聚丙烯酸酯搅拌均匀即可得到涂层浆料;
(2)将上述涂层浆料涂布于聚烯烃基膜的一侧表面形成1~2um的水性涂层,再在50℃的烘箱,烘烤干燥5min得到涂层隔膜。
试验例
将实施例1和对比例1、2的涂层隔膜在扫描电子显微镜下进行扫描,得到SEM图谱,如图1-3所示。其中,图1示出了实施例1的涂层隔膜的SEM图谱,其中,标尺为300nm;图2示出了对比例1的涂层隔膜的SEM图谱,其中,标尺为3μm;图3示出了对比例2的涂层隔膜的SEM图谱,其中,标尺为1μm。
结果分析:从图2可以得出,对比例1的涂层隔膜的小球粒径约为100nm,其粘接力较弱,对比图1-图3可以发现,图1中的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯和聚偏氟乙烯两者的相互作用形成了交联网状结构,其既有聚偏氟乙烯的凝胶电解质的性能,又具有聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的粘接能力,形成的交联网状结构能够增加涂层隔膜的粘接力作用。
综上所述,本发明实施例的涂层浆料、涂层隔膜及其制备方法,涂层浆料以水作为溶剂,聚偏氟乙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯作为主要成膜组分,在一定温度作用下,水蒸发后,涂层浆料形成在基膜表面上成膜,由于聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的界面粘接作用较好,在聚偏氟乙烯和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的共同作用下,增加了涂层隔膜的粘接力;
以上所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围,而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种涂层浆料,其特征在于,按重量份数计,所述涂层浆料包括:聚偏氟乙烯2.5-3.2份、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯11-13份、分散剂0.7-1.2份、增稠剂0.8-1.2份、消泡剂0.3-0.6份、粘接剂1.8-2.3份以及水17-20份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的涂层浆料,其特征在于,按重量份数计,所述涂层浆料包括:所述聚偏氟乙烯2.8-3份、所述聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯11.5-12.5份、所述分散剂0.8-1.1份、所述增稠剂0.9-1.1份、所述消泡剂0.4-0.5份、所述粘接剂2-2.2份以及所述水18-19份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂层浆料,其特征在于,所述分散剂包括脂肪酸类、脂肪族酰胺类、酯类和低分子蜡类中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂层浆料,其特征在于,所述增稠剂包括聚乙烯醇、聚乙二醇和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂层浆料,其特征在于,所述消泡剂包括天然油脂、矿物油、固体颗粒和表面活性剂中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂层浆料,其特征在于,所述粘接剂包括环氧树脂、聚氨酯、聚丙烯酸酯和醇酸树脂中的一种或多种。
7.一种涂层隔膜,其特征在于,所述涂层隔膜由权利要求1-6任一项所述的涂层浆料形成于基膜上得到。
8.根据权利要求7所述的涂层隔膜,其特征在于,所述基膜包括聚烯烃基膜。
9.一种如权利要求7所述的涂层隔膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:将所述涂层浆料涂布于所述基膜的表面形成水性涂层,再在30-80℃的温度条件下烘干。
10.根据权利要求9所述的涂层隔膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述涂布方式包括辊涂或浸涂。
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