CN108825301B - Quick wall building method for underground coal mine through pile-spraying concrete - Google Patents
Quick wall building method for underground coal mine through pile-spraying concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN108825301B CN108825301B CN201810566315.0A CN201810566315A CN108825301B CN 108825301 B CN108825301 B CN 108825301B CN 201810566315 A CN201810566315 A CN 201810566315A CN 108825301 B CN108825301 B CN 108825301B
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009967 tasteless effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000012260 Accidental injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009982 effect on human Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/103—Dams, e.g. for ventilation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
- C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
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- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
A method for quickly building concrete wall by piling and spraying concrete under coal mine features that the sand, stone, cement, JCT-1 sprayed concrete additive and accelerator are mixed uniformly in a wet state, and the mixture is delivered to sprayer by compressed air and mixed with water. The method has the advantages of easy wall forming, short initial setting time, high initial strength after stacking and spraying forming, no slippage and falling deformation, and no limit on the wall thickness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground construction of concrete walls and sprayed concrete of coal mines, and particularly relates to a method for quickly constructing underground sprayed concrete walls of coal mines by piling.
Background
Concrete is one of the most important civil engineering materials because of its high strength, good integrity and durability, and concrete wall is generally made up by using formwork to pour, and its concrete process is characterized by that it uses cement as cementing material, sand stone as aggregate and water according to a certain mixing ratio (optionally containing additive and admixture), then the concrete obtained by stirring is poured into the erected formwork, and then the formwork is tightly formed, cured and hardened, and then the formwork is removed. The shaping template is of great importance to the structural size and the forming quality of the concrete wall, and unqualified erection of the shaping template can cause the quality defects of slurry leakage, poor verticality and flatness of the concrete wall body, honeycomb pitted surface and the like. In addition, the process of erecting and disassembling the template accounts for more than half of the work of constructing the concrete wall, and the construction speed of the concrete wall is severely limited.
Working space walls such as a closed wall and an underground chamber are often required to be constructed under a coal mine, the construction space and the construction environment are limited, the concrete walls can be constructed only by adopting on-site manual stirring or low-power equipment stirring, the formwork supporting and removing processes are multiple, the labor intensity is high, the material proportion is not easy to control, the wall construction efficiency is low, the maintenance time is long, the maintenance is easily influenced by the underground environment, the final strength of the walls cannot meet the design requirement, and the popularization and the use of the concrete under the coal mine are limited.
The wall body is built by adopting the material stones at present under the coal mine, but the links of material stone transportation, building and the like in the process of building the material stone wall all need to invest a large amount of heavy physical labor, the labor is large, the cost is high, the wall building speed is slow, and accidental injury accidents such as smashing and the like easily occur in the process of transporting and building the material stones due to poor underground operation environment. In addition, another defect of masonry stone wall is limited by the size of the stone, the final gap between the masonry stone wall and the top plate is difficult to fill, only the stone can be filled with broken stones or mortar, the strength of the top-contacting part of the stone wall is obviously insufficient, the stone wall cannot effectively support the top plate, the wall cannot support the top plate, the top plate has a sinking deformation space in a certain range, and the masonry stone wall is not favorable for supporting the top plate.
At present, the sprayed concrete is mainly used in the fields of primary or permanent support of tunnels and roadways, foundation pit slope support, structural reinforcement and maintenance and the like. In order to ensure that the problems of blocking and pipe blockage and the like do not occur in the long-distance conveying and conveying process, the sprayed concrete must have good workability, but the forming thickness cannot be too large, otherwise, the sprayed concrete can slip and fall. The sprayed concrete is mostly applied to surface single-layer lining support of underground space structures such as roadways and the like in coal mines, but the thickness of a sprayed layer is more than 100mm, and the sprayed layer is too thick, so that the quality problems of cracking, falling and the like can occur, and therefore, the spraying process can only form a sprayed layer with smaller thickness.
In order to improve the early strength of the sprayed concrete, a certain proportion of an accelerator is added in the spraying process. Although the ordinary accelerator shortens the initial setting time of the sprayed concrete, the intermediate strength of the concrete is greatly reduced, and the strength is reduced by more than 30 percent after standard curing for 28 days. Taking C35 concrete added with common accelerating agent as an example, the strength of the concrete after standard curing for 28 days is only 18-19 MPa, and the pressure reduction ratio reaches 48.6%.
The patent of 'a mining shotcrete and a preparation method thereof' with publication number 'CN 107522442A' can be obtained in the published literature, and mainly provides a commercial preparation method of a shotcrete material for underground coal mines.
The concrete wall is constructed under the coal mine, so that the advantages of high strength, good integrity and the like of the wall body can be exerted, and the concrete wall has important significance for promoting the safety production of the coal mine. There is no method for constructing concrete walls by piling and spraying in the published literature and the concrete pouring or spraying methods currently used. In order to promote the application of concrete in use places such as underground coal mine wall building, the method for quickly building the concrete wall by using the novel pile-spraying method under the coal mine is urgently needed, the links such as the traditional concrete pouring process is simplified, formwork erecting and formwork removing are not needed on the premise of meeting the use requirement, the maintenance is simple, the wall building efficiency and speed are improved, and the labor cost is saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for quickly building a concrete wall by piling and spraying in a coal mine, aiming at the problems that the existing method for building the concrete wall in the coal mine is slow in speed, the final strength cannot meet the design requirement, the effective support for a top plate cannot be formed, and the application range is small.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for quickly building a wall by piling and spraying concrete under a coal mine comprises the following steps:
firstly, knocking a help top to remove live gangue in a range of a top plate of a wall body designed and constructed under a coal mine, removing floating slag of a bottom plate in a range of the designed wall body, and finding a hard bottom;
secondly, placing prefabricated reinforcement cages in the wall building range, and binding and connecting the reinforcement cages by using 16# binding wires; the width of the reinforcement cage is consistent with that of the wall body so as to control the forming size of the wall body; the height and the length of the reinforcement cage are equal to those of the wall body designed and constructed;
thirdly, according to the volume of the concrete wall constructed by underground piling and spraying, the concrete wall is constructed on the ground according to the following steps of: sand: stone: preparing a pile-spraying concrete raw material by using the JCT-1 pile-spraying concrete admixture in a mass ratio of 1: 2: 2: 0.06, and constructing 1m by using a pile-spraying concrete process3The concrete wall body needs 589.04Kg of cement, 1178.08Kg of sand, 1178.08Kg of pebbles and 35.34Kg of JCT-1 pile-up spraying concrete admixture;
fourthly, fully soaking the stones by sprinkling water, putting the stones into a stirrer, adding the JCT-1 pile-spray concrete admixture into the stirrer, starting the stirrer to stir, and uniformly mixing the stones and the JCT-1 pile-spray concrete admixture;
fifthly, after the stones in the stirrer and the JCT-1 pile-up spray concrete admixture are uniformly mixed, adding sand and cement into the stirrer, and continuously stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a concrete mixture;
sixthly, loading and transporting the mixed and uniform concrete mixture to an underground piling and spraying wall building place, continuously adding the mixed concrete mixture into a hopper of a spraying machine, starting stirring, opening a water pipe valve at a spraying gun and a pipeline valve for automatically adding a liquid accelerator, regulating the flow of the water pipe valve, controlling the water-cement ratio of the concrete at the outlet of the spraying gun to be 0.4-0.5, connecting a compressed air pipeline of the spraying machine, starting a pneumatic vibrator and a feeding system, starting piling and spraying wall building operation, and during the piling and spraying wall building process, the spray gun makes continuous spiral circular motion, the diameter of the spiral is 20-30 cm, the former circle 1/3 is covered by the latter circle, the middle of the wall is firstly piled and sprayed, then the two sides of the wall are piled and sprayed to level the wall surface, the unevenness of the wall surface is less than 10mm, and the piling and spraying route runs in an S shape from bottom to top in the range of the length and height of the wall body designed for building the wall;
seventhly, stopping feeding the materials into the hopper of the spraying machine when the wall formed by the pile spraying reaches the designed height, closing a pipeline valve for automatically adding the liquid accelerator and then closing the pneumatic vibrator when the hopper of the spraying machine is confirmed to have no excess materials and no material is sprayed out from the spray gun; adding water into a hopper of the spraying machine, cleaning a feeding system and a conveying pipeline, finally closing compressed air, compressed water and a power supply, cleaning a pipeline for automatically adding the liquid accelerator and cleaning sundries around the spraying machine;
and eighthly, starting watering and curing after 2 hours of the concrete wall body is sprayed, watering and curing once every 8 hours, curing for 7 days together, wherein the curing water is the same as the spraying water, and the watering amount during each curing is preferably enough to fully wet the wall surface.
The standard of the piling and spraying wall building is that the arch part of the wall body is smooth, the two sides are smooth, the whole body has no obvious concave-convex part (on the basis that the concave-convex degree of the surface of the wall body formed by piling and spraying is not more than 10 mm), the wall body is tightly connected with the top and the sides, and no gap is left.
Preferably, the cement is portland cement with a strength grade of not less than 32.5 Mpa.
The stones are broken stones or pebbles or a mixture of the broken stones and the pebbles, and the particle size is 5-15 mm.
The sand is medium sand or coarse sand, the fineness modulus is more than 2.5, the water content is 5-7%, and the mud content is less than or equal to 3%.
The spraying machine is a rotor type-II type pulp shooting machine, and the spraying gun is a double-water-ring conical nozzle; the spray gun is provided with a double-water ring, micropores with the diameter of 1mm are drilled on the ring according to the interval of 10mm, and fine water flow is ejected by water pressure, is in a cross net shape and fully wets materials.
The wind pressure and the water pressure in the injection process of the injection machine are respectively 0.12-0.17MPa and 0.18-0.21 MPa.
The JCT-1 pile-spraying concrete additive is an inorganic nano-grade material refined by a mechanical grinding method, is a multi-effect multifunctional additive integrating acceleration, early strength and water reduction, is in a grey white powder shape, is nontoxic, tasteless and non-combustible, and has the volume weight of 200-300 Kg/m3The density is 2.1 to 2.3g/cm3Particle size of 0.3 to 0.5 μm inHas no adverse effect on human body during application. When the JCT-1 pile-spraying concrete admixture is used in a test, the strength of the C35 concrete after standard curing for 28 days can reach 35-36 MPa, and no pressure reduction loss exists. The JCT-1 shotcrete admixture is a shotcrete admixture developed and researched by Shanxi Jichangtai mine engineering technology limited company, and the JCT-1 shotcrete admixture can realize the effects of increasing the cohesive force of a sprayed layer without shrinkage, improving the early strength and the final strength of concrete, reducing the splashing resilience, being fast in forming, increasing the thickness of the sprayed layer, being compact in roof connection and the like.
Pile the steel reinforcement cage of spouting the wall in and place and constitute for 100 mm's reinforcing bar net piece and connecting reinforcement by 8# steel bar welded mesh size, the width of reinforcing bar net piece is for piling the design width who spouts the wall, and the height of reinforcing bar net piece is for piling the design height who spouts the wall, and the row spacing between the connecting reinforcement between the adjacent reinforcing bar net piece is 0.5m, connecting reinforcement's length 1.0 m.
The piling, spraying and wall building operation is at least provided with two constructors, one constructor is responsible for carrying out piling and spraying by holding the spray head, the other constructor is used for assisting in lighting and communicating, and the surrounding rock safety and the piling, spraying and wall quality of a workplace are observed.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method of the invention can realize the piling and spraying construction of the concrete wall by using a common concrete sprayer without erecting a template, the wall is easy to form, the initial setting time is short, the piling and spraying formation has higher initial strength, the slippage and the falling deformation can not occur, and the thickness of the wall is not limited.
Compared with the prior art, the construction method of the piling and spraying process fills the blank of constructing the concrete wall by piling and spraying under the coal mine. The JCT-1 pile-spraying concrete additive with high cohesiveness is added when the mixture is prepared, so that the cohesiveness of the concrete sprayed from the spray head is improved, the concrete can be compacted and formed by itself without erecting a template, the process of constructing a concrete wall under a coal mine is simplified, the labor intensity is liberated, the efficiency is improved, and the wall building cost is saved. The sprayed concrete has high speed, and any narrow gap can be filled up, so that the wall body, the top plate and the side part are tightly contacted and filled.
The invention relates to a heap spraying processThe construction speed for constructing the concrete wall is high, the operation is convenient, the concrete strength is not lost, the cost is low, and the safety production requirement of a coal mine is met. The speed of the pile spraying process for building the wall is mainly related to the spraying capacity of the spraying machine, and under the condition that the spraying capacity of the spraying machine meets the requirement, the speed of the pile spraying process can reach 7-10 m3And h, the method has important significance for improving the wall building speed, reducing the labor intensity of workers, shortening the construction period and promoting the safety production of the coal mine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the eductor structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a reinforcement cage placed in the stacking and spraying wall according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the process of building a wall by stacking and spraying according to the present invention, wherein the arrow direction of the curve is the stacking and spraying direction;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the final wall of the spray-piled wall of the present invention;
wherein: 1-pressing an air source; 2-system air pressure gauge; 3-working air pressure gauge; 4-a hopper; 5-a mixing ring; 6-a nozzle; 7-a feeding system; 8-main air valve; 9-pipeline; 10-auxiliary air valve; 11-an atomizer; 12-liquid accelerator tank; 13-a metering pump; 14-clear water tank; 15-reinforcing mesh sheet; 16-connecting reinforcing steel bars; 17-a top plate; 18-pile-spraying concrete walls; 19-a base plate; 20-side upper.
Detailed Description
A method for quickly building a wall by piling and spraying concrete under a coal mine comprises the following steps:
firstly, knocking a help top to remove live gangue in a range of a top plate of a wall body designed and constructed under a coal mine, removing floating slag of a bottom plate in a range of the designed wall body, and finding a hard bottom;
secondly, placing prefabricated reinforcement cages in the wall building range, and binding and connecting the reinforcement cages by using 16# binding wires; the width of the reinforcement cage is consistent with that of the wall body so as to control the forming size of the wall body; the height and the length of the reinforcement cage are equal to those of the wall body designed and constructed;
thirdly, according to the volume of the concrete wall constructed by underground piling and spraying, the concrete wall is constructed on the ground according to the following steps of: sand:stone: preparing a pile-spraying concrete raw material by using the JCT-1 pile-spraying concrete admixture in a mass ratio of 1: 2: 2: 0.06, and constructing 1m by using a pile-spraying concrete process3The concrete wall body needs 589.04Kg of cement, 1178.08Kg of sand, 1178.08Kg of pebbles and 35.34Kg of JCT-1 pile-up spraying concrete admixture;
fourthly, fully soaking the stones by sprinkling water, putting the stones into a stirrer, adding the JCT-1 pile-spray concrete admixture into the stirrer, starting the stirrer to stir, and uniformly mixing the stones and the JCT-1 pile-spray concrete admixture;
fifthly, after the stones in the stirrer and the JCT-1 pile-up spray concrete admixture are uniformly mixed, adding sand and cement into the stirrer, and continuously stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a concrete mixture;
sixthly, loading and transporting the mixed and uniform concrete mixture to an underground piling and spraying wall building place, continuously adding the mixed concrete mixture into a hopper of a spraying machine, starting stirring, opening a water pipe valve at a spraying gun and a pipeline valve for automatically adding a liquid accelerator, regulating the flow of the water pipe valve, controlling the water-cement ratio of the concrete at the outlet of the spraying gun to be 0.4-0.5, connecting a compressed air pipeline of the spraying machine, starting a pneumatic vibrator and a feeding system, starting piling and spraying wall building operation, and during the piling and spraying wall building process, the spray gun makes continuous spiral circular motion, the diameter of the spiral is 20-30 cm, the former circle 1/3 is covered by the latter circle, the middle of the wall is firstly piled and sprayed, then the two sides of the wall are piled and sprayed to level the wall surface, the unevenness of the wall surface is less than 10mm, and the piling and spraying route runs in an S shape from bottom to top in the range of the length and height of the wall body designed for building the wall;
seventhly, stopping feeding the materials into the hopper of the spraying machine when the wall formed by the pile spraying reaches the designed height, closing a pipeline valve for automatically adding the liquid accelerator and then closing the pneumatic vibrator when the hopper of the spraying machine is confirmed to have no excess materials and no material is sprayed out from the spray gun; adding water into a hopper of the spraying machine, cleaning a feeding system and a conveying pipeline, finally closing compressed air, compressed water and a power supply, cleaning a pipeline for automatically adding the liquid accelerator and cleaning sundries around the spraying machine;
and eighthly, starting watering and curing after 2 hours of the concrete wall body is sprayed, watering and curing once every 8 hours, curing for 7 days together, wherein the curing water is the same as the spraying water, and the watering amount during each curing is preferably enough to fully wet the wall surface.
The standard of the piling and spraying wall building is that the arch part of the wall body is smooth, the two sides are smooth, the whole body has no obvious concave-convex part (on the basis that the concave-convex degree of the surface of the wall body formed by piling and spraying is not more than 10 mm), the wall body is tightly connected with the top and the sides, and no gap is left.
Preferably, the cement is portland cement with a strength grade of not less than 32.5 Mpa.
The coarse bone particles are broken stones or pebbles or a mixture of the broken stones and the pebbles, and the particle size is 5-15 mm.
The fine bone particles are medium sand or coarse sand, the fineness modulus is more than 2.5, the water content is 5-7%, and the mud content is less than or equal to 3%.
The spraying machine is a rotor type-II type pulp shooting machine, and the spraying gun is a double-water-ring conical nozzle; the spray gun is provided with a double-water ring, micropores are drilled on the ring, and fine water flow is ejected by water pressure, is in a cross net shape and fully wets materials.
The wind pressure and the water pressure in the injection process of the injection machine are respectively 0.12-0.17MPa and 0.18-0.21 MPa.
The JCT-1 pile-spraying concrete additive is an inorganic nano-grade material refined by a mechanical grinding method, is a multi-effect multifunctional additive integrating acceleration, early strength and water reduction, is in a grey white powder shape, is nontoxic, tasteless and non-combustible, and has the volume weight of 200-300 Kg/m3The density is 2.1 to 2.3g/cm3The particle size is 0.3-0.5 μm, and no adverse effect is caused to human body in the using process. When the JCT-1 pile-spraying concrete admixture is used in a test, the strength of the C35 concrete after standard curing for 28 days can reach 35-36 MPa, and no pressure reduction loss exists.
Pile the steel reinforcement cage of spouting the wall in and place and constitute for 100 mm's reinforcing bar net piece and connecting reinforcement by 8# steel bar welded mesh size, the width of reinforcing bar net piece is for piling the design width who spouts the wall, and the height of reinforcing bar net piece is for piling the design height who spouts the wall, and the row spacing between the connecting reinforcement between the adjacent reinforcing bar net piece is 0.5m, connecting reinforcement's length 1.0 m.
The piling, spraying and wall building operation is at least provided with two constructors, one constructor is responsible for carrying out piling and spraying by holding the spray head, the other constructor is used for assisting in lighting and communicating, and the surrounding rock safety and the piling, spraying and wall quality of a workplace are observed.
Claims (6)
1. A method for quickly building a wall by piling and spraying concrete in a coal mine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, knocking a help top to remove live gangue in a range of a top plate of a wall body designed and constructed under a coal mine, removing floating slag of a bottom plate in a range of the designed wall body, and finding a hard bottom;
secondly, placing prefabricated reinforcement cages in the wall building range, and binding and connecting the reinforcement cages by using 16# binding wires; the width of the reinforcement cage is consistent with the width of the wall body, and the height and the length of the reinforcement cage are equal to those of the wall body designed and constructed;
thirdly, according to the cement: sand: stone: preparing a pile-spraying concrete raw material by using the JCT-1 pile-spraying concrete admixture in a mass ratio of 1: 2: 2: 0.06;
fourthly, fully soaking the stones by sprinkling water, putting the stones into a stirrer, adding the JCT-1 pile-spray concrete admixture into the stirrer, starting the stirrer to stir, and uniformly mixing the stones and the JCT-1 pile-spray concrete admixture;
fifthly, after the stones in the stirrer and the JCT-1 pile-up spray concrete admixture are uniformly mixed, adding sand and cement into the stirrer, and continuously stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed to obtain a concrete mixture;
sixthly, loading and transporting the mixed and uniform concrete mixture to an underground piling and spraying wall building place, continuously adding the mixed concrete mixture into a hopper of a spraying machine, starting stirring, opening a water pipe valve at a spraying gun and a pipeline valve for automatically adding a liquid accelerator, regulating the flow of the water pipe valve, controlling the water-cement ratio of the concrete at the outlet of the spraying gun to be 0.4-0.5, connecting a compressed air pipeline of the spraying machine, starting a pneumatic vibrator and a feeding system, starting piling and spraying wall building operation, and during the piling and spraying wall building process, the spray gun makes continuous spiral circular motion, the diameter of the spiral is 20-30 cm, the former circle 1/3 is covered by the latter circle, the middle of the wall is firstly piled and sprayed, then the two sides of the wall are piled and sprayed to level the wall surface, the unevenness of the wall surface is less than 10mm, and the piling and spraying route runs in an S shape from bottom to top in the range of the length and height of the wall body designed for building the wall;
seventhly, stopping feeding the materials into the hopper of the spraying machine when the wall formed by the pile spraying reaches the designed height, closing a pipeline valve for automatically adding the liquid accelerator and then closing the pneumatic vibrator when the hopper of the spraying machine is confirmed to have no excess materials and no material is sprayed out from the spray gun; adding water into a hopper of the spraying machine, cleaning a feeding system and a conveying pipeline, finally closing compressed air, compressed water and a power supply, cleaning a pipeline for automatically adding the liquid accelerator and cleaning sundries around the spraying machine;
and eighthly, starting watering maintenance after the concrete wall is sprayed in a piling mode for 2 hours, watering maintenance once every 8 hours, and maintaining for 7 days.
2. The method for quickly building the wall by using the underground shotcrete of the coal mine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cement is Portland cement with the strength grade not lower than 32.5 MPa.
3. The method for quickly building the wall by using the underground shotcrete of the coal mine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the stones are broken stones or pebbles or a mixture of the broken stones and the pebbles, and the particle size is 5-15 mm.
4. The method for quickly building the wall by using the underground shotcrete of the coal mine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the sand is medium sand or coarse sand, the fineness modulus is more than 2.5, the water content is 5-7%, and the mud content is less than or equal to 3%.
5. The method for quickly building the wall by using the underground shotcrete of the coal mine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the spraying machine is a rotor type-II type pulp shooting machine, and the spraying gun is a double-water-ring conical nozzle; the spray gun is provided with a double-water ring, and micropores with the diameter of 1mm are drilled on the ring according to the interval of 10 mm.
6. The method for quickly building the wall by using the underground shotcrete of the coal mine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the wind pressure and the water pressure in the injection process of the injection machine are respectively 0.12-0.17MPa and 0.18-0.21 MPa.
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| CN111140280B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-04-13 | 太原理工大学 | Method for reinforcing and blocking water of gob-side roadway coal pillar slope pile-spraying concrete wall |
| CN111018445B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2022-03-01 | 陕西煤业化工技术研究院有限责任公司 | Material for coal mine underground permanent airtight wall and airtight wall building method thereof |
| CN113931692B (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2024-05-14 | 太原理工大学 | Quick sealing wall construction method for coal mine emergency rescue |
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