CN111088804A - Construction method of high-flow-state fine-aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in high-temperature area of equator - Google Patents
Construction method of high-flow-state fine-aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in high-temperature area of equator Download PDFInfo
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- CN111088804A CN111088804A CN201911020597.5A CN201911020597A CN111088804A CN 111088804 A CN111088804 A CN 111088804A CN 201911020597 A CN201911020597 A CN 201911020597A CN 111088804 A CN111088804 A CN 111088804A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
- E02B7/02—Fixed barrages
- E02B7/04—Dams across valleys
- E02B7/06—Earth-fill dams; Rock-fill dams
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0018—Cement used as binder
- E02D2300/002—Concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a high-flow state fine aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in an equatorial high-temperature area, which comprises the following steps: cleaning a foundation surface and a construction joint, building a template, treating and putting rockfill into a bin, mixing high-flow-state fine aggregate concrete, transporting the high-flow-state fine aggregate concrete to a construction site, pouring the high-flow-state fine aggregate concrete, and curing after pouring. The invention uses a large amount of rockfill to reduce the dosage of cementing materials, and the material cost of the rockfill concrete is reduced compared with that of normal concrete. The consumption of the high-flow-state fine stone concrete is not higher than 45%, and the construction cost of concrete production, transportation, pouring and other working procedures can be obviously reduced. The rockfill concrete construction method has high mechanization degree, simplifies or eliminates temperature control measures, omits a vibrating procedure in the pouring process, and reduces the investment of labor cost. The invention has the advantages of energy conservation, emission reduction, low carbon and environmental protection, saves a large amount of manpower and construction equipment, shortens the project period and creates good environmental benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of construction of rock-fill dams, and particularly relates to a construction method of a high-flow-state fine-aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in an equatorial high-temperature area.
Background
At present, the research and application of the rock-fill concrete have a history of about ten years in China, and from the research and application results under the condition of normal temperature at home at present, the rock-fill content can reach more than 55%, the rock-fill content of the rock-fill concrete is 20%, the rubble content of the rubble concrete is 25%, the cement consumption of the rock-fill concrete is less compared with that of the rubble concrete, the actual hydration heat temperature rise of the large-volume concrete actually measured in engineering is only about 1/2 of normal concrete, and the rock-fill concrete technology is a novel large-volume concrete construction technology. However, in the high-temperature area of the equator of Africa, there is no targeted construction method for the main body engineering of the rock-fill dam.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a construction method of a high-flow-state fine aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in an equatorial high-temperature area.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a construction method of a high-flow state fine aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in an equatorial high-temperature area comprises the following steps:
i.e. cleaning up the foundation surface and construction joints
Ii, building template
Iii, treating the rockfill and putting the rockfill into a bin
Iv, mixing high flow state fine stone concrete
And v, transporting the high-flow-state fine-stone concrete to a construction site
Vi, pouring high flow state fine stone concrete
Vii maintenance after pouring
The cleaning process in the step i comprises the steps of removing pumice slag of the bedrock and roughening the gap surface of the construction gap.
Step ii masonry formwork specifically comprises the following contents:
the rockfill is used as a template, and the external rockfill is built according to the design size, so that the control of the rockfill concrete body is facilitated.
The treatment of the rockfill in step iii comprises the following steps:
directly selecting and loading a truck by using an excavator for large stones;
screening the mixture by using a steel screen, feeding by using an excavator, loading, and transferring and stacking the mixed materials by using a loader;
the dump truck full of rockfill is then subjected to stone flushing.
In the step iii, the rockfill is put into the warehouse by adopting one of a crane, a gantry crane, a tank crane and a dump truck.
And iv, mixing the medium-high flow state fine stone concrete by adopting a forced mixer, and strictly measuring the water content of the raw materials before stirring the high flow state fine stone concrete.
And (5) transporting the high-flow state fine stone concrete to a construction site by using a concrete mixer truck, discharging after the high-flow state fine stone concrete is transported to the site and rotates at a high speed for 20-30 s, and ensuring that the discharging is finished within 60 min.
And step vi, pouring the high-flow-state fine-stone concrete by considering pouring areas, ranges and construction condition memorability selection and collocation, wherein a pouring mode adopts one of a concrete pump, an excavator and a suspension tank.
Step vii, after the pouring is finished, the next cabin surface can be prepared after the maintenance is finished.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention uses a large amount of rockfill to reduce the dosage of cementing materials, and the material cost of the rockfill concrete is reduced compared with that of normal concrete.
The consumption of the high-flow-state fine stone concrete is not higher than 45%, and the construction cost of concrete production, transportation, pouring and other working procedures can be obviously reduced.
The rockfill concrete construction method has high mechanization degree, simplifies or eliminates temperature control measures, omits a vibrating procedure in the pouring process, and reduces the investment of labor cost.
The method has the advantages of energy conservation, emission reduction, low carbon and environmental protection, saves a large amount of manpower and construction equipment in the construction process of the rock-fill concrete technology, shortens the construction period of a project, and creates good environmental benefits.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below:
a construction method of a high-flow state fine aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in an equatorial high-temperature area comprises the following steps:
i.e. cleaning up the foundation surface and construction joints
Ii, building template
Iii, treating the rockfill and putting the rockfill into a bin
Iv, mixing high flow state fine stone concrete
And v, transporting the high-flow-state fine-stone concrete to a construction site
Vi, pouring high flow state fine stone concrete
Vii maintenance after pouring
The cleaning process in the step i comprises the steps of removing pumice slag of the bedrock and roughening the gap surface of the construction gap.
Step ii masonry formwork specifically comprises the following contents:
the rockfill is used as a template, and the external rockfill is built according to the design size, so that the control of the rockfill concrete body is facilitated.
The treatment of the rockfill in step iii comprises the following steps:
directly selecting and loading a truck by using an excavator for large stones;
screening the mixture by using a steel screen, feeding by using an excavator, loading, and transferring and stacking the mixed materials by using a loader;
the dump truck full of rockfill is then subjected to stone flushing.
In the step iii, the rockfill is put into the warehouse by adopting one of a crane, a gantry crane, a tank crane and a dump truck.
And iv, mixing the medium-high flow state fine stone concrete by adopting a forced mixer, and strictly measuring the water content of the raw materials before stirring the high flow state fine stone concrete.
And (5) transporting the high-flow state fine stone concrete to a construction site by using a concrete mixer truck, discharging after the high-flow state fine stone concrete is transported to the site and rotates at a high speed for 20-30 s, and ensuring that the discharging is finished within 60 min.
And step vi, pouring the high-flow-state fine-stone concrete by considering pouring areas, ranges and construction condition memorability selection and collocation, wherein a pouring mode adopts one of a concrete pump, an excavator and a suspension tank.
Step vii, after the pouring is finished, the next cabin surface can be prepared after the maintenance is finished.
Example one
Further description will be given by taking hydropower project dam as an example
I.e. cleaning up the foundation surface and construction joints
And (4) prying loose rocks on the bedrock, removing the pumice slag, and finally blowing the surface clean by high-pressure air.
The water accumulated in the bin is scooped out, and the rest is sucked and dried by cotton yarn, rag and the like.
And block stone edges and corners are reserved on the pouring top surface, and the block stone edges and corners are 5-20 cm higher than the top surface of the rock-fill concrete. When the construction joint surface is treated, the exposed loose rock blocks are removed.
The construction joint surface is processed into a rough surface by using high-pressure water or manual roughening and other modes, and all pollutants such as floating slurry, loose materials and the like on the joint surface are removed, so that internal aggregate cannot be damaged on the basis of exposing coarse sand grains.
Ii, building template
The traditional form of the template generally adopts the form of steel templates, wood templates, cantilever templates and other templates, and the erecting form can be selected from the form of an internal pulling type, an external supporting type, a cantilever template and the like.
The construction method takes the rockfill as the template, and the external rockfill is built according to the design size, so that the control of the rockfill concrete body is facilitated, and the erection of the template is reduced.
Iii, treating the rockfill and putting the rockfill into a bin
Directly selecting and loading a truck by using an excavator for large stones;
for the mixture with more son footpath, in order to ensure that the particle size requirement of the rockfill is met, a steel sieve is adopted for sieving, an excavator is used for feeding, the materials are directly loaded, and the son footpath materials are transported and concentrated by a loader and stacked.
After loading, stone washing is carried out, 3 phi 80 perforated pipes are arranged, the water pressure is more than 0.2MPa, and after the dump truck is filled with piled stones, water flows vertically downwards to wash the stones through the perforated pipes; after the dump truck is filled with the rockfill, the transport vehicle is repeatedly washed by passing through the rockfill washing system, the carriage is kept slightly inclined, and dirty rockfill washing water is conveniently discharged.
And (5) flushing the rockfill for about 5-10 min until the tail flowing water is not turbid any more, and transporting to the surface of the bin. The washing wastewater is discharged after precipitation.
The rockfill can be put into a warehouse by adopting a crane, a portal crane, a suspension tank, a dump truck and the like, and turnover is avoided as much as possible.
The concrete process of adopting the dump truck to put in the warehouse is as follows:
1. warehouse entry tire washing: and (3) paving a 9m long steel grid on the warehouse entry road, and arranging flushing pipelines at two sides of the steel grid. And paving a 3-5 m broken stone road section after flushing, and dehydrating the automobile tire to prevent mud residue and waterlogging brought by the automobile tire entering the warehouse.
2. In the area close to the water stop belt, the embedded part and the like with the thin part of about 1m, artificial auxiliary rockfill is needed to avoid the impact of mechanical rockfill on the water stop belt and the embedded part.
3. And the upstream seepage-proofing area is piled by adopting grab bucket and grab block stones.
4. In order to reduce the pollution of the drop-off material and the accumulated water in the carriage of the dump truck to the layers, the unloading point is fixed for unloading on the bin surface, and the excavator is adopted to transport the flat bin after the dump truck unloads the materials. And (4) manually and intensively cleaning residual hard materials, accumulated water and residues at a discharge point. The radius of the coverage range of a single discharging point is about 8-10 m, and the position of the discharging point is arranged according to the size of the bin surface.
Iv, mixing high flow state fine stone concrete
The high-flow state fine stone concrete is mixed by a forced mixer, and the water content of the raw materials is strictly measured before the concrete is mixed so as to adjust the construction mix proportion in time; stirring the raw materials, adding water and additives, stirring for at least 30s at each stage for at least 3min, extracting water from river bottom with stirring water, and controlling the water temperature of the stirring water.
The proportioning table of the high flow state fine aggregate concrete is as follows:
compared with self-compacting concrete, the concrete has the advantages of improving the workability and the fluidity of the concrete, reducing the construction difficulty, improving the construction efficiency, accelerating the construction progress and simplifying the temperature control measures.
And v, transporting the high-flow-state fine-stone concrete to a construction site
1. The concrete mixer truck is required to be used for transporting the high-flow fine stone concrete, the transportation speed ensures the continuity of the rock-fill concrete construction, and when the concrete mixer truck reaches a pouring site, the concrete mixer truck is enabled to rotate at a high speed for 20-30 s and then is unloaded.
2. In the process of transporting the high-flow-state fine aggregate concrete, the smoothness of a road is guaranteed, the uniformity of the high-flow-state fine aggregate concrete in the transportation process is guaranteed, the high-flow-state fine aggregate concrete is transported to a pouring place without the phenomena of layering, segregation, slurry bleeding and the like, and meanwhile, the transfer frequency and the transportation time of the high-flow-state fine aggregate concrete are reduced.
3. In the high-temperature area of the equator, attention is paid to heat preservation, sun protection treatment and the like in the process of transporting high-flow-state fine aggregate concrete, and the warehousing temperature of the concrete is guaranteed.
4. The transport vehicle is used for cleaning residual concrete of other varieties in the vehicle before receiving materials, draining accumulated water in the vehicle, and strictly forbidding to add water to high-flow-state fine aggregate concrete in the vehicle in the transportation process.
5. The transportation time of the high flow state fine aggregate concrete is ensured to be finished within 60min, and the initial setting time of the high flow state fine aggregate concrete is controlled according to the transportation time and the field condition.
Vi, pouring high flow state fine stone concrete
1. The construction layering thickness is determined by field productivity tests, the maximum casting thickness is not more than 2.0m, and 1.5m is taken as the optimal casting thickness.
2. The high-flow-state fine stone concrete has various pouring modes, and the pouring modes of a concrete pump, an excavator and a suspension tank are adopted in the construction method in consideration of flexible selection and collocation of pouring areas, ranges, construction conditions and the like.
3. The maximum free falling height during pouring is controlled to be not more than 5m, the mode that the hose is connected by a pump can be selected for control when the maximum free falling height exceeds the maximum free falling height, the bin surface is wetted by high-pressure atomized water before pouring, and the bin surface is controlled not to have accumulated water.
4. The pouring points of the high-flow-state fine aggregate concrete are uniformly arranged, and the distance between the pouring points is not more than 3 m. In the pouring process, the principle of unidirectional point-by-point pouring is followed, after each pouring point is fully poured, the pouring point can be moved to the next pouring point for pouring, and the pouring points are not required to be reused. The placement of the concrete should be shifted from the upstream side to the downstream side.
Vii maintenance after pouring
1. Before the compressive strength of the concrete reaches 2.5MPa, the preparation work of the next warehouse surface cannot be carried out.
2. And the poured rock-fill concrete is prevented from being exposed to the sun before curing, watering curing is started within 6-18 h after pouring is finished, and the surface of the concrete is kept moist all the time in a curing period.
3. The concrete curing time is not less than 28 days, and the curing time of the parts with special requirements is properly prolonged.
In the implementation, after the storehouse surface is cast and the template is erected according to the requirement, the storehouse surface is naturally piled with the stones meeting the requirement of a certain particle size by machinery or manpower to form a stone-filled body, then the high-flow-state fine stone concrete meeting the special requirement is cast on the surface of the stone-filled body, the high-flow-state fine stone concrete flows by the dead weight, the pores of the stone-filled body are uniformly filled, and the high-flow-state fine stone concrete is cemented and hardened with the stone-filled body to form the complete and compact stone-filled concrete.
The use proportion of the rock blocks in the project concrete can reach 55-60%, primarily mined stone materials or excavated large rock blocks can be fully utilized as rockfill, and the use amount of cementing materials can be reduced to the minimum. The cement consumption in the rock-fill concrete is obviously reduced, the outdoor average temperature is more than 30 ℃, when the rock-fill concrete is constructed, under the condition of adopting simple temperature control measures, the maximum temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the rock-fill concrete is not more than 18 ℃, the minimum temperature difference is 12 ℃, and the temperature difference of a constraint area which is less than the standard requirement is less than 20 ℃, thereby verifying that the heat dissipation of the construction process meets the temperature control requirement of the mass concrete.
And (4) warehousing the rockfill and producing and pouring high-flow-state fine stone concrete. Can be completed through large-scale mechanized construction, reduces manual participation and avoids manual interference. After certain face of the rock-fill storehouse is accomplished, rock-fill warehousing and concrete production pouring can be carried out in parallel, the interference between the processes is small, and the requirement of equipment production intensity is reduced while the production efficiency is improved in multiples. The simplified temperature control elimination measures, the half reduction of the concrete production transportation pouring amount, no need of vibration and the like all provide powerful guarantees for the construction speed acceleration and the construction period shortening.
Through the test of test blocks, the test of main body engineering test sections and the construction of main body engineering, high-flow state fine aggregate concrete is adopted as a gap filling material between rock blocks of the rock-fill concrete dam body, so that the gap filling between the rock blocks of the rock-fill concrete dam body is ensured to be compact, and the construction quality of the dam body is ensured to meet the requirements of specification and design.
According to the invention, a large amount of rock blocks are used as building materials, primarily mined stone materials or large rock blocks in excavated materials can be fully utilized, meanwhile, building waste, solid waste of old dams, pebbles in riverways and the like can be used for replacing the rock blocks, solid waste such as tailings and the like is used as aggregate and inert powder materials to directly produce rock-fill concrete, the consumption of cementing materials is reduced to the maximum extent, meanwhile, energy sources are greatly saved in construction links such as aggregate crushing, concrete production pouring and the like, the emission of carbon dioxide is reduced, waste is changed into wealth, recycling is realized, and energy conservation and emission reduction are promoted. In addition, the rock-fill concrete technology saves a large amount of manpower and construction equipment in the construction process, shortens the construction period and creates good environmental benefits.
The invention uses a large amount of rockfill to reduce the dosage of cementing materials, and the material cost of the rockfill concrete is reduced compared with that of normal concrete.
The consumption of the high-flow-state fine stone concrete is not higher than 45%, and the construction cost of concrete production, transportation, pouring and other working procedures can be obviously reduced.
The rockfill concrete construction method has high mechanization degree, simplifies or eliminates temperature control measures, omits a vibrating procedure in the pouring process, and reduces the investment of labor cost.
The method has the advantages of energy conservation, emission reduction, low carbon and environmental protection, saves a large amount of manpower and construction equipment in the construction process of the rock-fill concrete technology, shortens the construction period of a project, and creates good environmental benefits.
Claims (9)
1. A construction method of a high-flow state fine aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in an equatorial high-temperature area is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
cleaning the foundation surface and the construction joints
(ii) masonry formwork
(iii) treating and placing the rockfill in a bin
(iv) mixing high flow Fine Stone concrete
(v) transporting the high flow state fine stone concrete to a construction site
(vi) pouring high-flow-state fine-stone concrete
(vii) curing after pouring.
2. The construction method of the high flow state fine aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in the equatorial high-temperature area according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cleaning process in the step (i) comprises removing pumice slag of the bedrock and roughening the construction joint gap surface.
3. The construction method of the high flow state fine aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in the equatorial high-temperature area according to claim 1, characterized in that: the masonry formwork in the step (ii) specifically comprises the following contents:
the rockfill is used as a template, and the external rockfill is built according to the design size, so that the control of the rockfill concrete body is facilitated.
4. The construction method of the high flow state fine aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in the equatorial high-temperature area according to claim 1, characterized in that: the treatment of the rockfill in step (iii) may specifically comprise the following:
directly selecting and loading a truck by using an excavator for large stones;
screening the mixture by using a steel screen, feeding by using an excavator, loading, and transferring and stacking the mixed materials by using a loader;
the dump truck full of rockfill is then subjected to stone flushing.
5. The construction method of the high flow state fine aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in the equatorial high-temperature area according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (iii), the rockfill is put into the bin by adopting one of a crane, a gantry crane, a tank crane and a dump truck.
6. The construction method of the high flow state fine aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in the equatorial high-temperature area according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (iv) mixing the high-flow fine aggregate concrete by adopting a forced mixer, and strictly measuring the water content of the raw materials before stirring the high-flow fine aggregate concrete.
7. The construction method of the high flow state fine aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in the equatorial high-temperature area according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (v) transporting the high-flow-state fine stone concrete to a construction site by using a concrete mixer truck, discharging after the concrete mixer truck rotates at a high speed for 20-30 s after being transported to the site, and ensuring that the discharging is finished within 60 min.
8. The construction method of the high flow state fine aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in the equatorial high-temperature area according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (vi) pouring the high-flow-state fine-stone concrete by considering pouring area, range and construction condition memorability selection and collocation, wherein a pouring mode adopts one of a concrete pump, an excavator and a suspension tank.
9. The construction method of the high flow state fine aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in the equatorial high-temperature area according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (vii) after the pouring is finished, the next cabin surface can be prepared after the maintenance is finished.
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| CN201911020597.5A CN111088804A (en) | 2019-10-25 | 2019-10-25 | Construction method of high-flow-state fine-aggregate concrete rock-fill dam in high-temperature area of equator |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114991075A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-09-02 | 中电建十一局工程有限公司 | Construction method for improving crack resistance and seepage resistance of buried concrete dam |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114991075A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-09-02 | 中电建十一局工程有限公司 | Construction method for improving crack resistance and seepage resistance of buried concrete dam |
| CN114991075B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-12-01 | 中电建十一局工程有限公司 | Construction method for improving anti-cracking and anti-permeability of stone-buried concrete dam |
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Application publication date: 20200501 |