CN109956712B - System and process for filling coal mine goaf with continuous building recycled aggregate - Google Patents
System and process for filling coal mine goaf with continuous building recycled aggregate Download PDFInfo
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- CN109956712B CN109956712B CN201910382245.8A CN201910382245A CN109956712B CN 109956712 B CN109956712 B CN 109956712B CN 201910382245 A CN201910382245 A CN 201910382245A CN 109956712 B CN109956712 B CN 109956712B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/08—Filling-up hydraulically or pneumatically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
A continuous type coal mine goaf building regeneration aggregate filling system and a process thereof comprise a building solid material regeneration subsystem, a cement fly ash mortar preparation subsystem, a high-concentration filling material preparation subsystem, a low-concentration filling material preparation subsystem, a high-concentration filling material pumping filling subsystem and a low-concentration filling material pumping filling subsystem, wherein building solid material raw materials are prepared into building regeneration aggregates, cement fly ash slurry is prepared, filling material preparation is carried out, and finally pumping filling of a goaf is carried out; therefore, the civil building solid material is properly crushed to form the inert regenerated civil engineering material which has stable physical and mechanical properties and adjustable particle size and component proportion and has no chemical activity. The aggregate can be used as engineering aggregate to be mixed with other engineering materials to prepare a plurality of filling materials for goaf filling treatment, so that the building recycled aggregate can replace part of the engineering materials needing to be purchased, and multiple effects of recycling building solid materials and reducing the cost of the engineering materials are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of goaf treatment, in particular to a continuous system and a process for filling a goaf of a coal mine with building recycled aggregate, which solve the problem of no place stacking of building solid materials, change the building solid materials into valuables, use recycled materials as filling materials for goaf filling treatment, and inject the recycled materials into the goaf to prevent a goaf top plate from collapsing or collapsing.
Background
China is a big coal country, coal resources are widely distributed, and a large amount of goafs are formed along with the exploitation of the coal resources. And shed areas are arranged above some goafs, a large amount of building solid materials are left along with the transformation of the shed areas, the building solid materials mainly comprise sintered bricks and reinforced concrete and contain a small amount of clay, the proportion of the clay is about 65%, 30% and 5%, and the problems of large amount, difficult disposal and the like are solved. In coal mine goaf filling and treating engineering, a large amount of low-cost engineering fillers such as sand, stone, fly ash and the like are purchased locally or outdoors.
Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present inventors have conducted extensive research and design to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks by developing and designing a continuous system and process for filling coal mine goaf with recycled building aggregate, which combines the experience and results of long-term related industries.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a continuous system and a process for filling coal mine goaf with building recycled aggregate, which can be used for forming inert recycled civil engineering materials with stable physical and mechanical properties and no chemical activity, and the particle size and the component ratio of which can be adjusted, by appropriately crushing civil building solid materials. The aggregate can be used as engineering aggregate to be mixed with other engineering materials to prepare a plurality of filling materials for goaf filling treatment, so that the building recycled aggregate can replace part of the engineering materials needing to be purchased, and multiple effects of recycling building solid materials and reducing the cost of the engineering materials are realized.
To solve the above problems, the present invention discloses
By the structure, the continuous system and the process for filling the coal mine goaf by the building recycled aggregate have the following effects:
1. the building solid material and the cement fly ash mortar are creatively applied to filling of the coal mine goaf, and the excellent environment-friendly economic function is realized.
2. The civil building solid material can be properly crushed to form inert regenerative civil engineering material with adjustable granularity and component proportion and stable physical and mechanical properties without chemical activity, and the inert regenerative civil engineering material can be used as engineering aggregate to be mixed with other engineering materials to prepare a plurality of filling materials for goaf filling treatment, so that the building regenerative aggregate replaces part of engineering materials needing to be purchased, and multiple effects of recycling the building solid material and reducing the cost of the engineering materials are realized.
3. The filling material is suitable for the requirements of the goaf and completely meets the requirements of goaf filling.
The details of the present invention can be obtained from the following description and the attached drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a continuous building recycled aggregate filling coal mine goaf system.
Fig. 2 shows a top view of fig. 1.
Reference numerals:
1-a loader; 2-a vibrating feeder; 3-a jaw crusher; 4-a first belt conveyor; 5-double-impact crusher; 6-a second belt conveyor; 7-vibrating screen; 8-a third belt conveyor; 9-a double-shaft mixer; 10-an output belt conveyor; 11. a fourth belt conveyor; 12. an electromagnetic iron remover.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a continuous building recycled aggregate filling coal mine goaf system of the present invention is shown.
The continuous type coal mine goaf building and recycling system at least comprises a building solid material recycling subsystem, a cement fly ash mortar preparation subsystem, a filling material preparation subsystem and a filling material pumping and filling subsystem, wherein the building solid material recycling subsystem is used for treating and recycling building solid materials and then sending the building solid materials to the filling material preparation subsystem, the cement fly ash mortar preparation subsystem is used for preparing cement fly ash slurry and then sending the cement fly ash slurry to the filling material preparation subsystem, the filling material preparation subsystem is used for preparing high (low) concentration filling materials and sending the high (low) concentration filling materials to the filling material pumping and filling subsystem, and the filling material pumping and filling subsystem is used for filling goafs.
Wherein, the filling material preparation subsystem can comprise a high-concentration filling material preparation subsystem and a low-concentration filling material preparation subsystem, and the filling material pumping filling subsystem can comprise a high-concentration filling material pumping filling subsystem and a low-concentration filling material pumping filling subsystem.
The building solid material regeneration subsystem can comprise an excavator, a loader 1, a vibrating feeder 2, a jaw crusher 3, an electromagnetic iron remover 12, a double-impact crusher 5 and a vibrating screen 7, wherein the excavator is matched with manpower and excavates and preprocesses building solid materials, and according to the filling capacity design of a filling treatment system, the maximum demand of building regenerated aggregate per hour is as follows: 930 t/20 h is 46.5t/h, the continuous building solid material pretreatment capacity of the excavator reaches more than 100t/h, the plurality of loaders 1 are responsible for conveying building solid materials pretreated and excavated by the excavator to the vibrating feeder 2, the continuous feeding capacity reaches more than 100t/h after the plurality of loaders are matched, the jaw crusher 3 is positioned at the output end of the vibrating feeder 2 so as to crush the materials of the vibrating feeder 2, the feeding capacity of the vibrating feeder 2 reaches more than 100t/h, the size of a feed inlet of the jaw crusher 3 is more than 500 multiplied by 750mm, the maximum feed granularity is more than 500mm, the adjustable range of a discharge outlet is 80-150 mm, the treatment capacity is more than 100t/h, a first belt conveyor 4 is arranged between the output end of the jaw crusher 3 and the double-impact crusher 5, and the electromagnetic iron remover 12 is positioned on the first belt conveyor 4, so as to carry out iron removal operation during material conveying, and the electromagnetic iron remover 12 is suitable for the conditions that the bandwidth is more than 1000mm and the rated hoisting height is more than 300mm, the magnetic field intensity is more than 70mT, the size of the feed inlet of the double-impact crusher 5 is more than 400x600, the processing capacity is more than 80t/h, a second belt conveyor 6 is arranged between the double-impact crusher 5 and the vibrating screen 7, the number of screen layers of the vibrating screen 7 is 3-4, the inclination angle of the screen is 15-20 degrees, the vibration frequency is 740-970 r/min, the processing capacity is more than 100t/h, wherein the materials (preferably the particle size is less than 5mm) screened out by the vibrating screen 7 are supplied to the filling material preparation subsystem through a third belt conveyor 8, the material which cannot be screened out by the vibrating screen 7 (preferably greater than or equal to 5mm) is returned to the first belt conveyor 4 by the fourth belt conveyor 11 for re-crushing and screening.
The conveying capacity of the first belt conveyor after primary crushing is more than 100t/h, the conveying capacity of the second belt conveyor after secondary crushing is more than 80t/h, and the conveying capacity of the fourth belt conveyor for returning materials is more than 30 t/h.
The system comprises a cement fly ash slurry preparation subsystem, a filling material preparation subsystem and a cement fly ash slurry preparation subsystem, wherein the cement fly ash slurry preparation subsystem comprises a quantitative feeding device, a quantitative water supply device, a primary stirring tank, a secondary stirring tank and a delivery pump, the quantitative feeding device and the quantitative water supply device jointly supply slurry and water to the primary stirring tank, the slurry and the water are supplied to the secondary stirring tank after primary stirring, secondary stirring is carried out, and the slurry and the water are supplied to the filling material preparation subsystem through the delivery pump.
The high-concentration filling material preparation subsystem can comprise a double-shaft stirrer 9, a slurry storage tank and a stepless speed regulating screw pump, wherein the slurry storage tank is mainly used for storing slurry pumped by the cement fly ash slurry preparation subsystem and mixing the slurry with a composite additive, and the capacity of the slurry storage tank is 10m3The stepless speed regulating screw pump quantitatively conveys the cement-coal-powder mortar, the slurry in the slurry storage tank is pumped to the double-shaft stirrer 9, and the pumping capacity of the double-shaft stirrer is 30m3More than h, the stirring capacity of the double-shaft horizontal stirrer 9 reaches 60m3More than h.
An output belt conveyor 10 can be further included, and the material of the double-shaft horizontal stirrer 9 can be output.
The high-concentration filling material filling subsystem is connected with the high-concentration filling material preparation subsystem and comprises a concrete pump and a high-concentration pumping pipe, the filling capacity of the concrete pump reaches more than 80m3/h, the maximum pumping pressure reaches more than 16MPa, the flow rate of filling materials pumped by the high-concentration pumping pipe is too high, the hydraulic slope drop required to be overcome by slurry flowing is large, the energy consumption is increased, and if the flow rate is too low, the filling capacity cannot meet the production requirement or the inner diameter of a filling pipeline needs to be increased. The flow rate of the filling material in the high concentration pumping pipe at the time of the maximum filling capacity of the filling pump is about 1.5 m/s.
Filling system capacity Qj of 50m3The high-concentration pumping pipe is high-pressure wear-resistant with the inner diameter of 125mm according to the requirement of the capacity of a filling system and the selected flow speed (1.5m/s)The flow velocity of the seamless steel pipe was 1.13 m/s.
The low-concentration filling material preparation subsystem comprises a first-stage stirring tank and a second-stage stirring tank which are sequentially arranged, wherein the capacity of the first-stage stirring tank is up to 10m3Above, the slurry outlet is higher than the second-stage stirring tank, and the capacity of the second-stage stirring tank reaches 10m3The above.
The low-concentration filling material pumping filling subsystem comprises a slurry pump and a low-concentration pumping pipe, and the pumping flow of the slurry pump is 80m3More than h; while the low concentration pump line is designed to have a packing capacity of 50m in order to prevent the particles in the slurry from settling3And h, calculating to obtain the relation between the flow velocity (m/s) of the slurry in the pipe and the pipe diameter (m) as follows:
according to the formula, the critical settling velocity V can be calculatedL＝4.99×D0.5，VLThe diameter of the filling pipe is less than v, so that the filling pipe diameter D is less than 105mm, the low-concentration pumping pipe is an abrasion-resistant steel pipe with the inner diameter phi of 80mm, and the flow rate of slurry in the pipe is 2.7 m/s.
By applying the continuous type system for filling the coal mine goaf with the building recycled aggregate, the problem of solid material treatment of surface buildings is effectively solved, and the underlying goaf is effectively managed.
The invention also relates to a continuous process for filling the coal mine goaf with the building recycled aggregate, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the building solid material regeneration subsystem prepares building solid material raw materials into building regeneration aggregate, namely the building solid material raw materials are crushed to obtain filling material aggregates suitable for preparing filling treatment under different goaf conditions, and the concrete flow is as follows:
firstly, carrying out manual and mechanical (namely excavator) combined pretreatment on raw materials of the building solid material, removing larger impurities in the raw materials and primarily crushing the building solid material to the size of less than 500mm multiplied by 500 mm;
secondly, loading the treated building solid materials into a loader, and quantitatively feeding the building solid materials to primary crushing equipment (preferably a jaw crusher) for primary crushing;
thirdly, conveying the building solid materials subjected to primary crushing processing to secondary crushing equipment (preferably a double-impact crusher) for crushing, and removing iron impurities in the materials in the conveying process (preferably removing the iron impurities through an electromagnetic iron remover);
fourthly, conveying the building solid materials subjected to the secondary crushing processing to screening equipment (preferably a vibrating screen);
fifthly, conveying the building recycled aggregate which is sieved out and is larger than 5mm to a secondary crusher for secondary crushing;
and sixthly, quantitatively conveying the building recycled aggregate which is screened out to be less than 5mm to a filling material preparation system.
Step 2: the cement fly ash slurry is prepared by the cement fly ash slurry preparation subsystem, cement, fly ash and water can be quantitatively provided according to the mixture ratio, primary stirring and secondary stirring are carried out, and then the slurry is sent to the filling material preparation system.
And step 3: filling material preparation by a filling material preparation subsystem
(1) The preparation of the high-concentration filling material comprises the following steps of stirring and mixing cement fly ash mortar and building recycled aggregate, and adding a proper amount of additive in the process to form the high-concentration filling material with uniform properties:
firstly, starting a stirring and mixing device (preferably a double-shaft stirrer 9), placing cement fly ash slurry in a slurry storage tank, and quantitatively spraying the cement fly ash slurry and an additive into the stirring and mixing device before building recycled aggregate falls into the stirring and mixing device;
secondly, continuously and quantitatively conveying the building recycled aggregate to a feeding port of stirring and mixing equipment;
and thirdly, uniformly stirring the cement fly ash slurry, the building recycled aggregate and the additive in a bin of stirring and mixing equipment to form a high-concentration filling material, and pushing the high-concentration filling material to a discharge hole.
(2) The preparation of the low-concentration filling material, namely mixing the cement fly ash slurry with the building recycled aggregate and the additive to obtain the low-concentration filling material, and the process flow is as follows:
firstly, arranging a primary stirring tank and a secondary stirring tank near a building material regeneration subsystem, and respectively installing a stirrer;
secondly, starting the mixers of the primary stirring tank and the secondary stirring tank, and injecting the cement fly ash slurry into the primary stirring tank to a certain liquid level;
step three, gradually adding the building recycled aggregate into the primary stirring tank, forming a low-concentration filling material after fully stirring, opening a slurry outlet of the primary stirring tank, discharging the slurry into the secondary stirring tank, and stirring to form the low-concentration filling material
And 4, step 4: pumping filling of goaf by filling material pumping filling subsystem
(1) The high-concentration filling material is pumped and filled, namely pressurized by a concrete pump and conveyed to the underground goaf through a high-concentration pumping pipe and a vertical drilling hole of the goaf, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a concrete pump is connected with an orifice pipe of a vertical drilling hole through a high-concentration pumping pipe, and an exhaust valve is installed on a pipe body of the high-concentration pumping pipe;
secondly, starting a concrete pump, and pumping clear water for wetting;
thirdly, stopping pumping clear water, pumping the stirred high-concentration filling material entering through the feeding hole, and closing the exhaust valve when the slurry is discharged by the exhaust valve;
fourthly, recording grouting amount and observing pump pressure in the pumping process, gradually increasing the pump pressure in the final filling stage, finishing grouting when the working pressure exceeds the set pressure and rises steeply, and simultaneously finishing stirring grout;
and fifthly, disassembling the connecting device of the high-concentration pumping pipe and the orifice pipe, and starting pumping clear water until the slurry in the high-concentration pumping pipe is discharged and the effluent is changed into clear water.
(2) Pump filling of low concentration filling material
And installing a slurry pump in the secondary stirring pool, connecting the slurry pump with a hole pipe of the goaf through a low-concentration filling material filling pipeline, opening the slurry pump, and pumping the low-concentration filling material into the goaf through the filling pipeline of the low-concentration filling material.
Particularly, for the example of a project of comprehensive treatment and land development and utilization of a certain mine coal mining subsidence area, the project site is originally a shed house area, most buildings on the ground are brick-concrete structures or brick structures with 1-2 layers, a large amount of building solid materials are generated after the buildings are dismantled, and the solid materials are accumulated on the ground due to large solid material amount and difficult disposal. Through on-site investigation and calculation, the civil building solid materials on the site are distributed in pieces, mainly sintered bricks and reinforced concrete, contain a small amount of clay, the proportions of which are about 65%, 30% and 5%, respectively, and have good conditions for centralized utilization.
The civil building solid material piled up in the project site can form a regenerative civil engineering material after being properly crushed, the granularity and the component proportion are adjustable, and the regenerative material has stable physical and mechanical properties and is a stable inert material without chemical activity. The recycled aggregate can be used as engineering aggregate to be mixed with other engineering materials to prepare a plurality of filling materials for goaf filling treatment, so that the recycled aggregate of the building replaces part of the engineering materials needing to be purchased, and the multiple effects of recycling the solid materials of the building and reducing the cost of the engineering materials are realized. The building recycled aggregate can be mixed with other engineering materials to prepare a plurality of filling materials for goaf filling treatment, and the characteristics of the filling materials can be adjusted according to the use conditions.
When the goaf is not completely collapsed or the size of a cavity in the vertical direction is larger than 50cm, the goaf is suitably filled with a high-concentration slurry filling material, when the goaf is fully caving and the opening degree of caving roof rocks in the vertical direction is between 5 and 50cm, the goaf is suitably filled with a low-concentration slurry filling material, and when the goaf is fully caving and the opening degree of caving roof rocks in the vertical direction is smaller than 5cm and fractures in a separation zone are suitably filled with other slurries.
The filling raw material mainly comprises water, cement, fly ash, building recycled aggregate and an additive, wherein the cement and the fly ash are cementing materials, and the building recycled aggregate is an aggregate.
(1) Water: the grouting water meets the requirements of the concrete water standard (JGJ 63-2006).
(2) Cement: the cement with the strength grade of 32.5 is adopted, and the quality of the cement meets the standard of general portland cement (GB175-2007/XG 1-2009). When the cement is affected with damp or stored for more than 3 months, the cement should be sampled again for inspection.
(3) Fly ash: the design adopts the three-grade ash, the quality of the three-grade ash is in accordance with the standard requirements of fly ash for cement and concrete (GB1596-2017) and fly ash concrete application technical specification (GBT 50146-.
(4) Building recycled aggregate: the building solid material is prepared by building solid materials in a treatment area, mainly comprises broken bricks and tiles, waste concrete and muck, does not contain domestic garbage, decoration garbage and the like, and is used for manually removing large-size bamboo wood, plastic products, high-strength stone materials, iron pieces and the like in advance. The maximum grain size of the recycled material is less than 5mm, and the superfine grains (the part of the grain sizes of the cement, the fly ash and the recycled material are less than 0.075 mm) are not less than 20%.
(5) Additive: the composite admixture with the performances of retarding coagulation, retaining water and exciting filling materials meets the requirements of technical Specification for concrete admixture application (GB 50119-2013).
The high-concentration filling material is prepared by mixing and stirring building recycled aggregate, fly ash, cement, an additive and water according to a certain proportion. In order to ensure the delivery and post-filling performance of the filling material, the formulated high-concentration filling material must satisfy the following specific conditions:
1) slump. In order to facilitate pipeline conveying and certain fluidity of the high-concentration filling material in the goaf, the high-concentration filling material has to reach certain slump so as to meet the requirements of pipeline pumping of a filling system and goaf filling, the slump of the high-concentration filling material in the scheme is designed to be 240 +/-20 mm, and the high-concentration filling material is properly adjusted according to goaf falling and a filling range.
2) Water retention property. The lubricating layer mainly consisting of water, cement and fly ash plays a role in lubricating between the filling material and the wall of the pipe (hole) in the pumping process. When the pumping pressure exceeds the frictional resistance of the pipe wall, the filling material moves forward along the delivery pipe (channel). If the filling material has good fluidity and poor water retention, the phenomenon of bleeding and layering can occur in the conveying pipe, thereby causing the problems of reducing the flowing range or causing pipe blockage, hole blockage and the like. The water retention is an important index of the conveying performance of the filling material, and the bleeding rate of the high-concentration filling material designed in the scheme is required to be less than 5%.
3) The rate of calculus. In order to improve the filling rate of primary grouting on the cavity or the crack and reduce the project amount of supplementary grouting, the calculus rate of the high-concentration filling material designed in the scheme is more than 95 percent.
4) And (3) compressive strength. According to the relevant specification requirements, the filling material 28d is designed to have uniaxial compressive strength greater than 2 MPa.
And (3) designing the mixing proportion of the high-concentration cemented filling material by comprehensively considering the design indexes, the difficulty degree of the process, the economical efficiency and other factors. The water-cement ratio is 1: 0.7-0.8, the cement-fly ash ratio is 1: 2-2.2, the cement-bone ratio (cement-fly ash: construction recycled aggregate) is 1: 2.3-2.5, and the usage amount of the composite additive is 2.5% of the cementing material. According to the proportion, 505-530 kg of water, 121-127 kg of cement, 242-255 kg of fly ash, 885-927 kg of building solid materials (wherein, 44-46 kg of soil, 266-278 kg of concrete and 575-603 kg of bricks) and 9-9.5 kg of composite additives are contained in each high-concentration cementing material. During construction, the mixing proportion of the high-concentration filling material can be adjusted according to the actual field.
The low-concentration filling material and the high-concentration filling material in the design have the same raw material, and the slurry with better fluidity is prepared mainly by reducing the solid-material ratio. In order to ensure the delivery and post-filling properties of the filling material, the filling material must be formulated to meet the following specific conditions:
1) volume concentration
The volume concentration is the percentage of the total volume of the solid material in the total volume of the slurry, and according to the performance test of general equipment and the actual requirement of the project, the volume concentration of the slurry is not more than 40%.
2) The rate of calculus.
The calculus rate is the percentage of the calculus formed by coagulation after the water precipitation of the slurry in the volume of the original slurry, and is more than 80%.
3) And (3) compressive strength.
And maintaining the test block in a laboratory for 28 days, wherein the compression strength of the test block is more than 2 MPa.
4) Mixing ratio
The water-to-glue ratio is 1: 0.75-0.8, cement: the fly ash is 1: 1.8-1.9, and the glue-bone ratio is 1: 1.0-1.2. Each of the regenerated slurry materials with low concentration comprises 581-592 kg of water, 151-166 kg of cement, 284-308 kg of fly ash and 474-523 kg of building solid material broken materials (wherein, 24-26 kg of soil, 142-157 g of concrete and 308-340 kg of bricks). During construction, the mixing proportion of the low-concentration filling material can be adjusted according to actual field.
The building solid material regeneration subsystem, the filling material preparation subsystem and the high-pressure pumping subsystem are designed to be fixed (as each subsystem can work independently and is mostly a process combination of a single device, the whole system or the subsystems can be moved and transferred).
The materials used by the goaf filling treatment system comprise a plurality of materials such as building solid materials (including soil, bricks and concrete), fly ash, cement, water, additives and the like. In the working process, firstly, building solid materials are crushed to form a recycled material, materials such as fly ash, cement, water, additives and the like are mixed and stirred in proportion to prepare cement fly ash slurry, and the cement fly ash slurry and the building recycled aggregate are stirred in proportion to form a filling material. When the volume of the goaf cavity is larger, a high-concentration filling material is selected for filling; when the cavity volume of the goaf is small, filling by using low-concentration slurry.
According to the goaf exploration result and the treatment design requirement, the capacity of the goaf filling treatment system based on the building recycled aggregate is designed to be 50m3The specific amounts of the various materials used in this example are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 summary of high consistency cement fill parameters
Therefore, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the building solid material and the cement fly ash mortar are creatively applied to filling of the coal mine goaf, and the excellent environment-friendly economic function is realized.
2. The civil building solid material can be properly crushed to form inert regenerative civil engineering material with adjustable granularity and component proportion and stable physical and mechanical properties without chemical activity, and the inert regenerative civil engineering material can be used as engineering aggregate to be mixed with other engineering materials to prepare a plurality of filling materials for goaf filling treatment, so that the building regenerative aggregate replaces part of engineering materials needing to be purchased, and multiple effects of recycling the building solid material and reducing the cost of the engineering materials are realized.
3. The filling material is suitable for the requirements of the goaf and completely meets the requirements of goaf filling.
It should be apparent that the foregoing description and illustrations are by way of example only and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, application or uses. While embodiments have been described in the embodiments and depicted in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the particular examples illustrated by the drawings and described in the embodiments as the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the teachings of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention will include any embodiments falling within the foregoing description and the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a continuous type building regeneration aggregate fills colliery collecting space area system which characterized in that: the system at least comprises a building solid material regeneration subsystem, a cement fly ash mortar preparation subsystem, a high-concentration filling material preparation subsystem, a low-concentration filling material preparation subsystem, a high-concentration filling material pumping filling subsystem and a low-concentration filling material pumping filling subsystem, wherein the building solid material regeneration subsystem is used for treating and regenerating building solid materials and then sending the building solid materials to the filling material preparation subsystem, the cement fly ash mortar preparation subsystem is used for preparing cement fly ash slurry and then sending the cement fly ash slurry to the filling material preparation subsystem, the filling material preparation subsystem is used for preparing the concentration filling material and sending the concentration filling material to the filling material pumping filling subsystem, and the filling material pumping filling subsystem is used for filling a goaf;
the building solid material regeneration subsystem comprises an excavator, a loader, a vibrating feeder, a jaw crusher, an electromagnetic iron remover, a double-impact crusher and a vibrating screen, and is designed according to the filling capacity of a filling treatment system, wherein the maximum demand of the building regeneration aggregate per hour is as follows: 930 t/20 h is 46.5t/h, the continuous building solid material pretreatment capacity of the excavator reaches more than 100t/h, the loader is multiple and is responsible for conveying building solid materials pretreated and excavated by the excavator to the vibrating feeder, the jaw crusher is positioned at the output end of the vibrating feeder so as to crush the materials of the vibrating feeder, the feeding capacity of the vibrating feeder reaches more than 100t/h, the size of a feed inlet of the jaw crusher is more than 500 x 750mm, the feeding granularity is more than 500mm, the adjusting range of a discharge outlet is 80-150 mm, the processing capacity is more than 100t/h, a first belt conveyor is arranged between the output end of the jaw crusher and the double-impact crusher, the electromagnetic iron remover is positioned on the first belt conveyor, and a second belt conveyor is arranged between the double-impact crusher and the vibrating screen, the number of screen mesh layers of the vibrating screen is 3-4, the inclination angle of the screen mesh is 15-20 degrees, the vibration frequency is 740-970 r/min, the processing capacity is more than 100t/h, materials screened out by the vibrating screen are supplied to the filling material preparation subsystem through a third belt conveyor, and materials which cannot be screened out by the vibrating screen are returned to the first belt conveyor through a fourth belt conveyor to be crushed and screened again;
the low-concentration filling material pumping filling subsystem comprises a slurry pump and a low-concentration pumping pipe, and the pumping flow of the slurry pump is 80m3More than h; while the low concentration pump line is designed to have a packing capacity of 50m in order to prevent the particles in the slurry from settling3The relationship between the slurry flow velocity (m/s) in the pipe and the pipe diameter (m) is obtained by the calculation of/h as follows:
obtaining the critical sedimentation velocity VL＝4.99×D0.5，VLShould be less than v, so the filling pipe diameter D is less than 105mm, and the inner diameter of the low-concentration pumping pipe is selected
Wear-resistant steel pipes.
2. The continuous type architecture regeneration aggregate filling coal mine goaf system of claim 1, characterized in that: the high-concentration filling material preparation subsystem comprises a double-shaft stirrer, a slurry storage tank and a stepless speed regulation screw pump, wherein the capacity of the slurry storage tank reaches 10m3The stepless speed regulating screw pump is used for quantitatively conveying cement-coal-ash slurry, and pumping the slurry in the slurry storage tank to the double-shaft stirrer.
3. The continuous type architecture regeneration aggregate filling coal mine goaf system of claim 1, characterized in that: the high-concentration filling material pumping and filling subsystem is connected to the high-concentration filling material preparation subsystem and comprises a concrete pump and a high-concentration pumping pipe.
4. The continuous type architecture regeneration aggregate filling coal mine goaf system of claim 1, characterized in that: the low-concentration filling material preparation subsystem comprises a first-stage stirring tank and a second-stage stirring tank which are sequentially arranged, wherein the capacity of the first-stage stirring tank reaches 10m3The slurry outlet is higher than the second-stage stirring tank, and the capacity of the second-stage stirring tank reaches 10m3As described above.
5. A continuous type building regeneration aggregate filling coal mine goaf process is realized by the continuous type building regeneration aggregate filling coal mine goaf system of any one of claims 1-4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: building solid raw materials are made into building regenerated materials through a building solid regeneration subsystem, namely, the building solid raw materials are crushed to obtain filling material aggregates suitable for preparing filling treatment under different goaf conditions;
step 2: preparing cement fly ash slurry by a cement fly ash slurry preparation subsystem, quantitatively providing cement, fly ash and water according to the mixture ratio, performing primary stirring and secondary stirring, and then sending the slurry to a filling material preparation subsystem;
and 3, step 3: preparing filling materials by a high-concentration filling material preparation subsystem and a low-concentration filling material preparation subsystem;
and 4, step 4: and pumping and filling the goaf by a filling material pumping and filling subsystem.
6. The continuous type process for building recycled aggregate and filling a coal mine goaf according to claim 5, characterized in that: the specific process of step 1 is as follows:
firstly, performing combined pretreatment on raw materials of a building solid material, removing larger impurities in the raw materials, and crushing the building solid material to the size of less than 500mm multiplied by 500 mm;
secondly, loading the treated building solid materials into a loader, and quantitatively feeding the building solid materials to primary crushing equipment for primary crushing;
thirdly, conveying the building solid materials subjected to primary crushing processing to secondary crushing equipment for crushing, and removing iron impurities in the materials in the conveying process;
fourthly, conveying the building solid materials subjected to the secondary crushing processing to screening equipment;
fifthly, conveying the building recycled aggregate which is sieved out and is larger than 5mm to a secondary crusher for secondary crushing;
and sixthly, quantitatively conveying the construction recycled aggregate which is screened out to be less than 5mm to a filling material preparation subsystem.
7. The continuous type process for building recycled aggregate and filling a coal mine goaf according to claim 5, characterized in that: the preparation of the high-concentration filling material in the step 3 comprises the following specific steps:
the first step, starting stirring and mixing equipment, placing cement fly ash slurry in a slurry storage tank, and quantitatively spraying the cement fly ash slurry and an additive into the stirring and mixing equipment before building recycled aggregate falls into the stirring and mixing equipment;
secondly, continuously and quantitatively conveying the building recycled aggregate to a feeding port of stirring and mixing equipment;
and thirdly, uniformly stirring the cement fly ash slurry, the building recycled aggregate and the additive in a bin of stirring and mixing equipment to form a high-concentration filling material, and pushing the high-concentration filling material to a discharge hole.
8. The continuous type process for building recycled aggregate and filling a coal mine goaf according to claim 5, characterized in that: the process flow for preparing the low-concentration filling material in the step 3 is as follows:
firstly, arranging a primary stirring tank and a secondary stirring tank near a building solid material regeneration subsystem, and respectively installing a stirrer;
secondly, starting the mixers of the primary stirring tank and the secondary stirring tank, and injecting the cement fly ash slurry into the primary stirring tank to a certain liquid level;
and step three, gradually adding the building recycled aggregate into the primary stirring tank, fully stirring to form a low-concentration filling material, opening a slurry outlet of the primary stirring tank, discharging the slurry into the secondary stirring tank, and stirring to form the low-concentration filling material.
9. The continuous type process for building recycled aggregate and filling a coal mine goaf according to claim 5, characterized in that: the specific steps of pumping and filling the high-concentration filling material in the step 4 are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, a concrete pump is connected with an orifice pipe of a vertical drilling hole through a high-concentration pumping pipe, and an exhaust valve is installed on a pipe body of the high-concentration pumping pipe;
secondly, starting a concrete pump, and pumping clear water for wetting;
thirdly, stopping pumping clear water, pumping the stirred high-concentration filling material entering through the feeding hole, and closing the exhaust valve when the slurry is discharged by the exhaust valve;
fourthly, recording grouting amount and observing pump pressure in the pumping process, gradually increasing the pump pressure in the final filling stage, finishing grouting when the working pressure exceeds the set pressure and rises steeply, and simultaneously finishing stirring grout;
fifthly, disassembling the connecting device of the high-concentration pumping pipe and the orifice pipe, and starting clear water pumping operation until the slurry in the high-concentration pumping pipe is discharged and the effluent is changed into clear water;
and the low-concentration filling material pumping filling is to install a slurry pump in the secondary stirring pool, the slurry pump is connected with the gob drilling orifice pipe through a low-concentration filling material filling pipeline, the slurry pump is opened, and the low-concentration filling material is pumped and injected into the gob through the filling pipeline of the low-concentration filling material.
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