CN108782074A - A kind of skill machine combination wheat wide row width sowing integrated technology - Google Patents

A kind of skill machine combination wheat wide row width sowing integrated technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108782074A
CN108782074A CN201810349186.XA CN201810349186A CN108782074A CN 108782074 A CN108782074 A CN 108782074A CN 201810349186 A CN201810349186 A CN 201810349186A CN 108782074 A CN108782074 A CN 108782074A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
wheat
fertilizer
row width
wide row
seed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201810349186.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
温辉芹
张志平
郭明慧
裴自友
张立生
程天灵
李雪
朱玫
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CROP Science Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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CROP Science Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN201810349186.XA priority Critical patent/CN108782074A/en
Publication of CN108782074A publication Critical patent/CN108782074A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20Cereals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/066Devices for covering drills or furrows
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/06Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Wheat, specially a kind of skill machine combination wheat wide row width sows integrated technology, it solves existing wheat seeder wheat wide row width sowing well stimulation to be difficult to implement, it is precisely controlled application rate difficulty, same broadcast of seed manure is difficult to take into account the problems such as not high with seeding quality with deep application of fertilizer, from the agronomic measures of wheat increase yield, a kind of wheat wide row width seed manure is devised with all-in-one machine is broadcast, increases production and improves productivity and contributes for Wheat Production.

Description

A kind of skill machine combination wheat wide row width sowing integrated technology
Technical field
The present invention relates to High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Wheat, specially a kind of skill machine combination wheat wide row width sows integrated technology.
Background technology
Wheat is one of most important grain ration of China, and Wheat indurstry development is directly related to national food security and society is steady It is fixed.Chinese population is numerous, ensures that national food security is the cardinal task ruled the country always.Centrally planned economics work meeting over the years Central rural work meeting of negotiating peace all puts on the first place Food Security, clearly proposes that national food security strategy and policy are: " based on me, base on our country, ensure production capacity, appropriate import, science and technology support ", strategic objective is:Ensure cereal self-sufficiency, mouth substantially Grain is perfectly safe.
Wide row width (band) uniformly sow, can be improved wheat seeding effective tillering, be more conducive to wheat seeding ventilation, daylighting, Nutrient Absorption and Plant strain growth improves wheat lodging tolerance, to improve grain yield.Present most peasants plantation wheat still uses width Row (18-20 centimetres of line-spacing) drilling, but this seeding method cannot efficiently use luminous energy, influence further carrying for wheat yield It rises.
In addition, most peasants still spread fertilizer over the fields base fertilizer in soil surface, rotary cultivator rotary tillage is then used, is not only broken up in this way The crumb structure of soil, while having an effect on the utilization rate of fertilizer.And seed manure is broadcast together and deep placement, fertilizer profit can be improved in more conventional fertilising With rate 20%-30%, 10-20 kilograms of fertilizer amount can be under equal conditions reduced.
It is tired to be precisely controlled application rate there is being difficult to implement for the sowing well stimulation of existing wheat seeder wheat wide row width Difficulty, same broadcast of seed manure are difficult to take into account the problems such as not high with seeding quality with deep application of fertilizer
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of skill machine combination wheat wide row width to sow integrated technology, to solve above-mentioned background The problem of being proposed in technology.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:A kind of skill machine combination wheat wide row width sowing is integrated Technology, including realize that a kind of wheat wide row width seed manure of technology is same and broadcast all-in-one machine, a kind of wheat wide row width seed manure is same to broadcast all-in-one machine Including concentrating fertilization system, seeding system, suppression of soil system, dynamic transfer system and hanger bracket.
Preferably, concentrate fertilization system from top to bottom include fertilizer box, fertilizer plate, fertilizer-shaking gear, fertilizer-distributing shaft, it is big or middle, Small three change gears, fertilising ditching plow.Wherein fertilizer-shaking gear and large, medium and small three change gears are connected by fertilizer-distributing shaft, are single Plane accumulates dose and is realized by the outfit of large, medium and small three change gears and the position adjustment of fertilizer plate, dose base area Power level, weather conditions, breediness and target yield design are 150-1500kg/hm2.Fertilization depth is 50-100mm. Change gear is connected by chain with gearbox transmission gear.
Preferably, seeding system includes from top to bottom seeds box, seed plate, seed-taking device, takes kind of an axis, is three large, medium and small Change gear, sowing plough.Wherein seed-taking device and large, medium and small three change gears by take kind of axis be connected, unit area application rate It adjusts and realizes by the outfit of large, medium and small three change gears and the position of seed plate, application rate is according to soil fertility level, weather Condition, breediness, target output and seedtime are designed as 150-300kg/hm2.Change gear passes through chain and gearbox Transmission gear is connected.Sowing plough is hollow flat steel pipe, and internal diameter is long a diameter of 100mm, and the ellipse of short a diameter of 30mm is long Diameter is vertical with sowing direction, and wheat seeding wide row width is realized with this.
Preferably, wherein seed-taking device be length be 150mm, a diameter of 60mm PVC cylinder, be carved be uniformly distributed thereon 100mm*10mm*10mm cuboids take kind of slot 9.And scrape kind of a piece with flexible.
Preferably, suppression of soil system includes coverer and press wheel.Upper and lower position and direction by adjusting coverer are controlled Thickness of earth-fill cover processed, for general control in 30-40mm, general soil humidity is high, preferably shallow, otherwise preferably deep.Press wheel can rotation, by adjust The degree of packing of whole upper and lower position control suppression, general soil humidity is high, suppression need it is weak, it is on the contrary then need by force.
Preferably, for sowing line position between fertilising row, press wheel is identical as sowing plough left and right position.
Preferably, wheat wide row width seed manure is provided with the power for broadcasting all-in-one machine by tow tractor, passes through gearbox, speed change Gear, chain are transmitted to fertilization system and seeding system.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:A kind of skill machine combination wheat wide row width sowing integrated technology, First, wide row width (band) is uniformly sowed, and wheat seeding effective tillering can be improved, be more conducive to wheat seeding ventilation, daylighting, Nutrient Absorption and plant Growth improves wheat lodging tolerance, to improve grain yield.Secondly, fertilizer concentrates deep placement, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, Wheat cost-saving synergistic can be achieved, and reduce pollution of the fertilizer to environment.Third, fertilising, sowing, suppression one-time mechanical operation are complete At saving of labor, time saving, labor productivity is high.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overlooking structure diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of fertilization system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of dynamic transfer system of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of seeding system of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of seed-taking device of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of suppression of soil system of the present invention.
In figure:1- fertilizer boxes, 2- seeds boxs, 3- applicator boots hanger bracket, 4- gearboxes hanger bracket, the suspension of 5- seeders Under frame, 6- roller sealers hanger bracket, 7- fertilizer-shaking gears, 8- fertile slot, 9- change gears, 10- transmission gears, 11- sow slot, 12- seed-taking devices, 13- scrape kind of a piece, 14- fertilizer-distributing shafts, 15- and take fertile hole, 19- under kind of an axis, 16- plates, 17- fertilisings ditching plow, 18- dynamic Power input, 20- gearboxes, 21- sowing ploughs, 22- lower seed holes, 23- take kind of a slot, 24- coverers, 25- press wheels.
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
- 6 are please referred to Fig.1, the present invention provides a kind of technical solution:A kind of integrated skill of skill machine combination wheat wide row width sowing Art, including realize that a kind of wheat wide row width seed manure of technology is same and broadcast all-in-one machine, a kind of wheat wide row width seed manure is same to broadcast all-in-one machine packet It includes and concentrates fertilization system, seeding system, suppression of soil system, dynamic transfer system and hanger bracket, pass through a kind of wheat wide row width Seed manure realizes that wheat wide row width sows integrated technology with all-in-one machine is broadcast, and a kind of wheat wide row width seed manure is same to broadcast all-in-one machine then by each Kind system composition, each system play different effects.
Specifically, concentrate fertilization system from top to bottom and include fertilizer box, fertilizer plate, fertilizer-shaking gear, fertilizer-distributing shaft, it is big, Middle or small three change gears, fertilising ditching plow.Wherein fertilizer-shaking gear and large, medium and small three change gears passes through fertilizer-distributing shaft phase Even, unit area dose is realized by the outfit of large, medium and small three change gears and the position adjustment of fertilizer plate, dose It is 150-1500kg/hm2 according to soil fertility level, weather conditions, breediness and target yield design.Fertilization depth is 50- 100mm.Change gear is connected by chain with gearbox transmission gear.As wheat wide row width seed manure is moved with all-in-one machine is broadcast, Fertilising ditching plow extend into the soil between ridge and excavates in soil at furrow, and fertilizer is placed into fertilizer box, and fertilizer-distributing shaft is logical It crosses transmission gear to connect from different change gears and generate different velocities of rotation, fertilizer-shaking gear rotation, fertilizer is driven to enter Into fertilizer-shaking gear, discharger in fertilising ditching plow is transferred to by fertilizer-shaking gear.
Specifically, seeding system includes from top to bottom seeds box, seed plate, seed-taking device, takes kind of an axis, large, medium and small three A change gear, sowing plough.Wherein seed-taking device and large, medium and small three change gears by take kind of axis be connected, unit area sow Amount realizes that application rate is according to soil fertility level, gas by the outfit of large, medium and small three change gears and the position adjustment of seed plate Time condition, breediness, target output and seedtime are designed as 150-300kg/hm2.Change gear passes through chain and speed change Case transmission gear is connected.Sowing plough is hollow flat steel pipe, and internal diameter is to grow a diameter of 100mm, the ellipse of short a diameter of 30mm, Long diameter is vertical with sowing direction, and wheat seeding wide row width is realized with this.As wheat wide row width seed manure is with all-in-one machine movement is broadcast, sow Plough is extend into the soil on ridge, and seed is placed into seeds box, kind of axis is taken to pass through transmission gear and different gear teeth Wheel connects and generates different velocities of rotation, drives seed-taking device rotation, and seed, which enters, to be taken in kind, and sowing is transferred to by seed-taking device Discharger in plough.
Specifically, wherein seed-taking device is the PVC cylinder that length is 150mm, a diameter of 60mm, it is carved with uniformly divides thereon The 100mm*10mm*10mm cuboids of cloth take kind of slot 9.And scrape kind of a piece with flexible.Take the size of kind of slot that can accommodate specific The seed of quantity, cooperation scrape kind of piece and strike off the seed having more, and guarantee scatters out certain amount of seed every time.
Specifically, suppression of soil system includes coverer and press wheel.Upper and lower position and direction by adjusting coverer Thickness of earth-fill cover is controlled, for general control in 30-40mm, general soil humidity is high, preferably shallow, otherwise preferably deep.Press wheel can rotation, lean on Adjust the degree of packing of upper and lower position control suppression, general soil humidity is high, suppression need it is weak, it is on the contrary then need by force.Coverer will be broadcast The seed furrow that kind plough is excavated is filled and led up.
Specifically, sowing line position is between fertilising row, press wheel is identical as sowing plough left and right position.Apply fertilizer ditching plow with Position of sowing plough or so separately, makes between sowing row and fertilising row between left and right every the position or so of sowing plough and press wheel It is identical, so that coverer and press wheel is completed the control of seed depth of planting and table soil pressure reality.
Specifically, wheat wide row width seed manure is provided with the power for broadcasting all-in-one machine by tow tractor, by gearbox, become Fast gear, chain are transmitted to fertilization system and seeding system.Transmission gear can be connected from different change gears by chain, So as to change fertilizer-distributing shaft and take kind of shaft rotation dynamic.
Operation principle:Wheat wide row width seed manure is connected with each other with all-in-one machine is broadcast with external tow tractor, is led by outside Drawing tractor drives wheat wide row width seed manure with broadcasting all-in-one machine movement, at the same broadcast together for wheat wide row width seed manure all-in-one machine provide it is dynamic Power inputs, and the transmission gear rotation on gearbox, the rotation of transmission gear is driven to connect drive with change gear by chain and dial Fertile axis and take kind of shaft rotation dynamic, fertilizer-distributing shaft and take kind of axis that fertilizer-shaking gear and seed-taking device is driven to rotate respectively, can pass through connect it is different Change gear adjust fertilizer-distributing shaft and take the velocity of rotation of kind of axis, to regulated fertilization and the rate sowed seeds, fertilizer is placed into In fertilizer box, seed is placed into seeds box, as wheat wide row width seed manure is stretched into all-in-one machine movement, fertilising ditching plow is broadcast Soil is excavated into furrow in the soil between ridge, stirs fertilization system fertilizer-distributing shaft, make fertilising plate no longer stop fertilizer into Enter the channel inside ditching plow, the fertilizer in fertilizer box can enter in lower fertile slot, and fertilizer is rolled by the rotation of fertilizer-shaking gear It in the gap of gear, is scattered in fertilising ditching plow then as fertilizer-shaking gear rotation, and fertilising trench digging is discharged from lower fertile hole Plough enters in soil, completes fertilising, while sowing plough is deep into the soil on ridge, and seed plantation is plowed on ridge Ditch, the change gear being driven on seeding system, drive take kind of shaft rotation dynamic, the seed in seeds box are made constantly to enter slot of sowing In, with the rotation of seed-taking device, seed can enter taking in kind of slot on seed-taking device, and the position of kind of piece is scraped when taking kind of slot to turn to When, it scrapes kind of sector-meeting and will be above the seed of plane on kind of slot is taken to scrape and take out, make to take the quantity of seed in kind of slot to be specific quantity, Then be equipped with it is certain amount of take kind of slot as seed-taking device rotates, seed therein is sprinkled into sowing plough, seed is from sowing Hole exits into seed furrow, and then coverer appropriate earthing on seed furrow, and press wheel rolls seed furrow, completes to small The sowing of wheat seeds seed.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with Understanding without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention can carry out these embodiments a variety of variations, modification, replace And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of skill machine combination wheat wide row width sows integrated technology, including realizes that a kind of wheat wide row width seed manure of technology is same and broadcast All-in-one machine, it is characterised in that:A kind of same all-in-one machine of broadcasting of wheat wide row width seed manure includes concentrating fertilization system, seeding system, earthing Suppression system, dynamic transfer system and hanger bracket.
2. a kind of wheat wide row width seed manure according to claim 1 is same to broadcast all-in-one machine, it is characterised in that:Concentrate fertilization system Include from top to bottom fertilizer box, fertilizer plate, fertilizer-shaking gear, fertilizer-distributing shaft, large, medium and small three change gears, fertilising ditching plow. Wherein fertilizer-shaking gear and large, medium and small three change gears are connected by fertilizer-distributing shaft, unit area dose leans on large, medium and small three The adjustment of the position of the outfit of change gear and fertilizer plate realizes, dose according to soil fertility level, weather conditions, breediness and Target yield design is 150-1500kg/hm2.Fertilization depth is 50-100mm.Change gear is passed by chain and gearbox Moving gear is connected.
3. a kind of wheat wide row width seed manure according to claim 1 is same to broadcast all-in-one machine, it is characterised in that:Seeding system is by upper And includes down seeds box, seed plate, seed-taking device, takes kind of an axis, large, medium and small three change gears, sowing ploughs.Wherein seed-taking device And large, medium and small three change gears are by taking kind of axis to be connected, unit area application rate is matched by large, medium and small three change gears Standby and seed plate position adjustment realizes that application rate is according to soil fertility level, weather conditions, breediness, target output and broadcasts Kind period is designed as 150-300kg/hm2.Change gear is connected by chain with gearbox transmission gear.Sowing plough is hollow Flat steel pipe, internal diameter is long a diameter of 100mm, and the ellipse of short a diameter of 30mm, long diameter is vertical with direction is sowed, with this reality Existing wheat seeding wide row width.
4. seed-taking device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Length is the PVC cylinder of 150mm, a diameter of 60mm, It is carved with equally distributed 100mm*10mm*10mm cuboids thereon and takes kind of slot 9.And scrape kind of a piece with flexible.
5. suppression of soil system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Including coverer and press wheel.It is covered by adjustment The upper and lower position of earthenware and direction controlling thickness of earth-fill cover, for general control in 30-40mm, general soil humidity is high, preferably shallow, on the contrary It is preferably deep.Press wheel can rotation, by the degree of packing of adjustment upper and lower position control suppression, general soil humidity is high, suppression need it is weak, it is on the contrary It then needs strong.
6. a kind of skill machine combination wheat wide row width sowing according to claim 2, claim 3 and claim 5 is integrated Technology, it is characterised in that:Line position is sowed between fertilising row, press wheel is identical as sowing plough left and right position.
7. a kind of skill machine combination wheat wide row width according to claim 1 sows integrated technology, it is characterised in that:Wheat is wide Row width seed manure is provided with the power for broadcasting all-in-one machine by tow tractor, and by gearbox, change gear, chain are transmitted to fertilization system And seeding system.
CN201810349186.XA 2018-04-18 2018-04-18 A kind of skill machine combination wheat wide row width sowing integrated technology Pending CN108782074A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109863859A (en) * 2019-04-19 2019-06-11 南京农业大学 A kind of one chip lacks no-tillage seeding head

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2312564Y (en) * 1997-09-26 1999-04-07 李如林 Fertilizing machine for use in dry-field
CN2349747Y (en) * 1998-09-30 1999-11-24 李继林 Fertilizing sower capable of secondary synchronous fertilizing
CN200987268Y (en) * 2006-07-25 2007-12-12 李兵 Wide-row fertilizer deep applying adjustable pressure seeder for wheat
JP4193412B2 (en) * 2002-05-17 2008-12-10 井関農機株式会社 Planting machine
CN103141189A (en) * 2013-03-05 2013-06-12 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Device and method for seeding and fertilizing in dry farming of paddies
CN204907022U (en) * 2015-08-27 2015-12-30 柳州市汉森机械制造有限公司 Fertilization agricultural implement of earthing up greatly
CN106900186A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-06-30 陕西省杂交油菜研究中心 A kind of self-propelled multifunctional precision planter

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2312564Y (en) * 1997-09-26 1999-04-07 李如林 Fertilizing machine for use in dry-field
CN2349747Y (en) * 1998-09-30 1999-11-24 李继林 Fertilizing sower capable of secondary synchronous fertilizing
JP4193412B2 (en) * 2002-05-17 2008-12-10 井関農機株式会社 Planting machine
CN200987268Y (en) * 2006-07-25 2007-12-12 李兵 Wide-row fertilizer deep applying adjustable pressure seeder for wheat
CN103141189A (en) * 2013-03-05 2013-06-12 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Device and method for seeding and fertilizing in dry farming of paddies
CN204907022U (en) * 2015-08-27 2015-12-30 柳州市汉森机械制造有限公司 Fertilization agricultural implement of earthing up greatly
CN106900186A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-06-30 陕西省杂交油菜研究中心 A kind of self-propelled multifunctional precision planter

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109863859A (en) * 2019-04-19 2019-06-11 南京农业大学 A kind of one chip lacks no-tillage seeding head
CN109863859B (en) * 2019-04-19 2023-10-24 南京农业大学 Single-piece type less no-tillage seeding head

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