CN108782069B - Cultivation method of watermelon rich in SOD - Google Patents
Cultivation method of watermelon rich in SOD Download PDFInfo
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- CN108782069B CN108782069B CN201811019457.1A CN201811019457A CN108782069B CN 108782069 B CN108782069 B CN 108782069B CN 201811019457 A CN201811019457 A CN 201811019457A CN 108782069 B CN108782069 B CN 108782069B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of a watermelon rich in SOD, wherein when the watermelon pollinates, the pistil of the drop of SOD nutrition liquid is chelated by adopting 560-715U/g 850-mg/L amino acid short peptide; and after the fruit setting is stable, the melon stalks are injected by adopting the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution with the concentration of 600-680U/g 2000-3000 mg/L. According to the cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD, the amino acid short peptide is used for chelating the SOD nutrient liquid to drop female flowers and injecting the melon stalks, exogenous SOD is sucked and enriched in the fruits under the condition of not influencing the SOD activity, the SOD content in the watermelon fruits is improved, the SOD content is obviously improved through detection, the SOD content in the pulp can reach 400IU/g through adding 300 organic solvent, the cultivation method is simple, the cost is low, and the market prospect is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation of watermelons and vegetables, relates to a cultivation method of watermelons, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of watermelons rich in SOD (superoxide dismutase).
Background
Watermelon (watermelon species, tomato.) Matsum Nakai belongs to the genus Citrullus in the family Cucurbitaceae, has high nutritive value, contains much water in fruit, tastes sweet and cool, is popular with consumers, and is the best fruit in summer. The economic value is very high, and the method plays an important role in agricultural production.
SOD is an English abbreviation of superoxide dismutase, and is a rare biological enzyme. It has powerful, efficient and specific disproportionation effect on the excessive free radicals in human body, which are oxygen molecules with unpaired electrons and harmful to human health. Converting toxic oxygen into toxic oxygen, relieving damage of free radicals to human body cells, improving immunity, prolonging life, caring skin, and inhibiting tumor generation. SOD watermelon is an ideal health food for both food and therapy, is well favored by consumers, and is continuously increased in domestic and foreign markets. The watermelon rich in SOD not only has rich nutritive value, but also has 12% higher sale price than the common watermelon. Therefore, the production of watermelon rich in SOD is an important measure for increasing income of melon farmers and benefiting residents.
In addition, a Chinese published patent CN102415255A discloses a watermelon rich in SOD and a production method thereof, wherein the watermelon is sprayed on the leaves of the watermelon with the concentration of 1.0 multiplied by 107-5.0×107The bacterial liquid of cfu/mL Bacillus (Bacillus spp.) CGMCC 0175 is used for obtaining the watermelon fruit rich in SOD. The beneficial endophyte bacillus is used for processing in a specific period to induce and generate SOD, so that the activity and the content of the SOD in the watermelon are improved, the watermelon fruit rich in the SOD is finally obtained, but the amount of the SOD generated by the induction is limited, and the bacillus easily pollutes the environment in the spraying process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cultivation method of watermelon rich in SOD aiming at the problems of low SOD content, low nutritional value, environmental pollution and low economic income increase of watermelon farmers of the prior common watermelon.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a cultivation method of a watermelon rich in SOD, when the watermelon pollinates, the amino acid short peptide with the concentration of 560-; and after the fruit setting is stable, the melon stalks are injected by adopting the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution with the concentration of 600-680U/g 2000-3000 mg/L.
Furthermore, in the cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD, the concentration of the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution is 625U/g 1000mg/L when pistils are dripped.
Furthermore, in the cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD, when the pistil is dripped, the nutrient liquid of the pistil is dripped with the SOD chelated amino acid short peptide for 3 times continuously.
Furthermore, in the cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD, when the pistil is dripped, the pistil is dripped with SOD nutrition liquid by chelating amino acid short peptide, and the pistil is soaked and then sleeved with a pollination cap.
Furthermore, in the cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD, the concentration of the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution is 625U/g 2000-3000mg/L when the petioles are injected.
Furthermore, in the cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD, after 1 week of pistil is dropped on the pistil, the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution which is subjected to suction filtration and sterilization is injected into the watermelon stem, and the injection is started from the joint of the watermelon stem and the fruiting vine to the direction of the watermelon, and the injection amount is about 20mL once.
Further, in the cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD, the melon stalks are injected with the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution once a week for 3 weeks continuously when the melon stalks are injected.
Furthermore, in the cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD, the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution used by pistil-dropping pistils and/or the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution used by the melon stalks for injection contain acetosyringone auxiliary agent.
Further, in the cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD, the concentration of the acetosyringone auxiliary agent in the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution is 0.10-1.8 mmol/L.
Furthermore, in the cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD, the SOD content in the pulp of the watermelon rich in SOD is 300-400 IU/g.
The amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution adopted by the invention is chelated by the following components: one or more of superoxide dismutase (SOD), chitosan, potassium sorbate or sulfamic acid or 2-chloroethyl phosphoric acid or citric acid, one or more of triacontanol, glutamic acid, leucine, lysine, tryptophan, methionine, threonine, isoleucine and disodium 5' -flavor nucleotide, and one or more of wheat starch, potato starch and taro powder.
Preferably, the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-5 parts of superoxide dismutase (SOD), 0.2-1.5 parts of one or more of chitosan, potassium sorbate or sulfamic acid or 2-chloroethyl phosphoric acid or citric acid, 0.5-3 parts of triacontanol, 1-5 parts of one or more of glutamic acid, leucine, lysine, tryptophan, methionine, threonine, isoleucine and 5' -flavor disodium nucleotide, and 5-15 parts of one or more of wheat starch, potato starch and taro powder.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1) during the growth and development of watermelon fruits, the short peptide of amino acid is utilized to chelate SOD nutrient liquid, namely, the pistil and the melon stalk are injected, exogenous SOD is absorbed and enriched in the fruits under the condition of not influencing the activity of the SOD, the SOD content in the watermelon fruits is increased obviously through detection, and the SOD content in the pulp can reach 300-400 IU/g;
2) the watermelon rich in SOD is produced by dripping female flowers and injecting melon stalks for directional introduction, so that the goal is stronger, and the SOD-rich effect is better;
3) has the effects of enhancing the immunity of human bodies and delaying senility, and has high edible safety;
4) the production method is simple, the cost is low, and the market prospect is wide.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail and specifically with reference to the following examples to facilitate better understanding of the present invention, but the following examples do not limit the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The watermelon is cultivated in the early spring crop of the greenhouse, the variety of the watermelon is Wunong No. 8, the watermelon is sown in 23 days in 1 month and field planted in 18 days in 2 months, and the greenhouse is located in a watermelon breeding base greenhouse of the institute of agricultural academy of sciences in Wuhan City.
At 1340m2Half of the greenhouse is managed according to the planting method of the watermelon rich in SOD, and the other half is managed according to the conventional method as a reference. And (4) harvesting fruits according to treatment according to the growth condition of the fruits in the whole growth period, and respectively counting the yield. During harvesting, 10 commercial melons are randomly selected for each treatment, SOD content is measured, and finally, an average value is obtained.
The cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD comprises the following steps: when the watermelon is pollinated, the stamen of the female flower of the SOD nutrient solution drop is chelated by amino acid short peptide with the concentration of 625U/g 1000mg/L for 3 times continuously; after fruit setting is stable, the melon stalks are continuously injected with amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution with the concentration of 625U/g 2500mg/L once a week for 3 weeks. When the pistil is dropped, the nutrient solution of SOD chelated by amino acid short peptide is dropped into the pistil of watermelon, and the pistil is soaked and then covered by pollination cap. After 1 week of pistil dripping, the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution after suction filtration and sterilization is injected into the melon stalk, and the injection starts from the joint of the melon stalk and fruiting vine to the direction of the watermelon, and the injection amount is about 20mL once.
Conventional procedure (control): except the measures adopted by the cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD, other management measures are completely the same.
Detecting, and managing watermelon 667m by cultivating method rich in SOD2The yield was 2823.4kg, control 667m2The yield is 2659.8kg, and the difference between the two yields is not significant; the SOD content is measured after the watermelon ripens, the SOD content is 0.398IU/kg, the contrast is 0.054IU/kg, and the difference between the SOD content and the contrast is obvious.
Example 2
The watermelon is cultivated in the early spring crop of the greenhouse, the variety of the watermelon is Wunong No. 8, the watermelon is sown in 23 days in 1 month and field planted in 18 days in 2 months, and the greenhouse is located in a watermelon breeding base greenhouse of the institute of agricultural academy of sciences in Wuhan City.
At 1340m2Half of the greenhouse is managed according to the planting method of the watermelon rich in SOD, and the other half is managed according to the conventional method as a reference. And (4) harvesting fruits according to treatment according to the growth condition of the fruits in the whole growth period, and respectively counting the yield. During harvesting, 10 commercial melons are randomly selected for each treatment, SOD content is measured, and finally, an average value is obtained.
The cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD comprises the following steps: when the watermelon is pollinated, the stamen of the female flower is dripped with the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution with the concentration of 560U/g 900mg/L for 3 times continuously, the fruit setting is stable and then for 3 weeks continuously, and the watermelon stem is injected with the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution with the concentration of 680U/g 3000mg/L once a week. When the pistil is dropped, the nutrient solution of SOD chelated by amino acid short peptide is dropped into the pistil of watermelon, and the pistil is soaked and then covered by pollination cap. After 1 week of pistil dripping, the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution after suction filtration and sterilization is injected into the melon stalk, and the injection starts from the joint of the melon stalk and fruiting vine to the direction of the watermelon, and the injection amount is about 20mL once.
Conventional procedure (control): except the measures adopted by the cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD, other management measures are completely the same.
Detecting, and managing watermelon 667m by cultivating method rich in SOD2The yield was 2785.1kg, control 667m2The yield is 2731.8kg, and the difference between the two yields is not significant; the SOD content is measured after the watermelon is ripe, the SOD content is 0.385IU/kg, the contrast is 0.060IU/kg, and the difference between the SOD content and the contrast is obvious.
Example 3
The watermelon is cultivated in the early spring crop of the greenhouse, the variety of the watermelon is Wunong No. 8, the watermelon is sown in 23 days in 1 month and field planted in 18 days in 2 months, and the greenhouse is located in a watermelon breeding base greenhouse of the institute of agricultural academy of sciences in Wuhan City.
At 320m2Half of the greenhouse is managed according to the planting method of the watermelon rich in SOD, and the other half is managed according to the conventional methodThe principle is used as a control. And (4) harvesting fruits according to treatment according to the growth condition of the fruits in the whole growth period, and respectively counting the yield. During harvesting, 10 commercial melons are randomly selected for each treatment, SOD content is measured, and finally, an average value is obtained.
The cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD comprises the following steps: when the watermelon is pollinated, the stamen of the female flower of the nutrient liquid drop of the SOD chelated amino acid short peptide with the concentration of 715U/g 1000mg/L is continuously injected with the nutrient liquid of the SOD chelated amino acid short peptide with the concentration of 600U/g 2500mg/L once a week for 3 times continuously after fruit setting is stable for 3 weeks. When the pistil is dropped, the nutrient solution of SOD chelated by amino acid short peptide is dropped into the pistil of watermelon, and the pistil is soaked and then covered by pollination cap. After 1 week of pistil dripping, the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution after suction filtration and sterilization is injected into the melon stalk, and the injection starts from the joint of the melon stalk and fruiting vine to the direction of the watermelon, and the injection amount is about 20mL once.
Conventional procedure (control): except the measures adopted by the cultivation method of the watermelon rich in SOD, other management measures are completely the same.
Through detection, the yield of the watermelon 667m2 managed by the cultivation method rich in SOD watermelon is 2811.7kg, the yield of the reference 667m2 is 2769.2kg, and the yield difference between the two is not obvious; the SOD content is measured after the watermelon ripens, the SOD content is 0.373IU/kg, the contrast is 0.057IU/kg, and the difference between the SOD content and the contrast is obvious.
The short peptide ligand of the biological chelating agent can simultaneously chelate a large amount of SOD, and the SOD content is higher than that generated by induction of CN 102415255A; the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution belongs to a biological source chelating agent, is environment-friendly, has high bioactivity, good water solubility, good stability, low molecular weight and high synthesis yield, and has wide application prospect.
The above description is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments of the invention in detail, wherein those parts not mentioned in detail are common general knowledge of a person skilled in the art, but only by way of example, and the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cultivation method of a watermelon rich in SOD is characterized in that when the watermelon is pollinated, the pistil of the nutrient SOD liquid drop is chelated by adopting 560-715U/g 850-850 mg/L amino acid short peptide; and after the fruit setting is stable, injecting the melon stalks by adopting the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution with the concentration of 600-680U/g 2000-3000 mg/L;
the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution is prepared by chelating the following components: one or more of superoxide dismutase (SOD), chitosan, potassium sorbate or sulfamic acid or 2-chloroethyl phosphoric acid or citric acid, one or more of triacontanol, glutamic acid, leucine, lysine, tryptophan, methionine, threonine, isoleucine and disodium 5' -flavor nucleotide, and one or more of wheat starch, potato starch and taro powder.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution is 625U/g 1000mg/L when the pistil is dropped on the watermelon.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the nutrient SOD-enriched watermelon pistil is chelated with short amino acid peptide for 3 times.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the nutrient SOD is chelated by amino acid short peptide and soaked in the stamen of watermelon, and then the stamen is covered with pollination cap.
5. The method for cultivating the SOD enriched watermelon according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution is 625U/g 2000-3000mg/L when injecting the petioles.
6. The method for cultivating the SOD-enriched watermelon according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution of the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD, which is sterilized by suction filtration, is injected into the watermelon stem after 1 week of dripping the pistil, and the injection is started from the joint of the watermelon stem and the fruiting vine to the direction of the watermelon, and the injection amount is about 20mL at a time.
7. The cultivation method of the SOD enriched watermelon according to claim 1, wherein the injection of the watermelon stem is performed once a week for 3 weeks using the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution.
8. The method for cultivating the SOD enriched watermelon according to claim 1, wherein the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution used by pistil-dropping pistil and/or the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution used by melon stalk injection contains acetosyringone auxiliary agent.
9. The method for cultivating the SOD enriched watermelon according to claim 8, wherein the concentration of the acetosyringone adjuvant in the amino acid short peptide chelated SOD nutrient solution is 0.10-1.8 mmol/L.
10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the SOD content in the pulp of the SOD-rich watermelon is 300-400 IU/g.
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