CN108719282B - Special attractant for preventing and controlling oriental fruit moth and preventing and controlling method - Google Patents
Special attractant for preventing and controlling oriental fruit moth and preventing and controlling method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/002—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing a foodstuff as carrier or diluent, i.e. baits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
- A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of pest attractants, and provides an obligate attractant for preventing and controlling oriental fruit moth and a preventing and controlling method thereof, wherein the effective components are sweet and sour wine liquid and host plant volatile matters which are mixed, wherein the sweet and sour wine liquid comprises the following components: soft sugar: glacial acetic acid: anhydrous ethanol: water =3g:1ml:3ml:80 ml; host plant volatiles: nonanal, cis-3-hexenol acetate, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, (Z) - β -ocimene = 14: 100: 1: 86, dissolving the host plant volatile matter with n-hexane to 1 μ g/μ l; mixing the sweet and sour wine solution and the host plant volatile substance solution according to the volume ratio of 1: 1. Through the long-distance attraction of the food attractant and the short-distance attraction of the oviposition attractant, the chemical pesticide reduction is promoted while the prevention and treatment effect is ensured. The popularization of green prevention and control products and technologies is accelerated. Is beneficial to protecting the ecological environment, guaranteeing the food safety and ecological safety and being beneficial to the sustainable development of agriculture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pest attraction, and particularly relates to an obligate attractant for preventing and controlling oriental fruit moth and a prevention and control method.
Background
With the optimization and adjustment of agricultural industry structure, the fruit market has become the second largest agricultural product market after the grain market. The healthy development of the fruit industry is very important for the realization of agricultural efficiency improvement, rural development and income increase targets of farmers in China. The influence of plant diseases and insect pests on the production of fruit trees is very large. The northern China has a large-area deciduous fruit tree cultivation area, peaches, pears and apples are main cultivation species, and the fruit borers are usedGrapholitha molestaThe damage of the fruit-eating pests represented by (Busck) is very serious, and brings destructive damage to the fruit industry. Fructus Pyri Gracilariae Setchirman can be added in fructus PersicaeThe tender tips and fruits of pears and apples are damaged in the whole growing season, the fruits of pears are damaged in the later season, the phenomena of tip breakage, early fruit drop, gummosis and rot of peach trees, black plaster of pears and the like are caused, and the quality of the fruits is seriously influenced. In the process of storage and transportation, the damaged fruits are not resistant to storage and are easy to mildew and rot. Causing serious losses to the fruit industry. When the oriental fruit moths are generated greatly, the damage area of the fruit areas planted with the peaches and the pears is 100 percent. The pest rate of pears reaches 80%, the damage rate of young peach shoots reaches 95%, the pest rate of peaches reaches 65%, and the late-maturing peaches reach 100%.
The traditional chemical control method for preventing and controlling the oriental fruit moth has very poor control effect and can cause a series of problems of pesticide residue, food safety, natural enemy killing and the like. The biological attractant is used for trapping and killing the oriental fruit moth, and is one of the commonly used green prevention and control means at present. However, widely used sex pheromones are a large number of trapping and disorienting technologies, only aim at males, and lack effective prevention and control on females. The dominant effect of the quantity of the female insects on the population base number in the field and the characteristic of repeated mating of the male insects make the prevention and control of the female insects with pregnant eggs particularly important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an obligate attraction prevention and control method for preventing and controlling oriental fruit moth, which is characterized in that the oriental fruit moth is prevented and controlled in a green way through long-distance attraction of a food attractant sweet and vinegar wine liquid and close-distance attraction of a spawning attractant host plant volatile matter, and synergistic synergy. The method can trap and kill male and female insects, especially pregnant female and female insects. The reduction of chemical pesticides is promoted while the prevention and treatment effect is guaranteed.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an obligate attractant for preventing and treating oriental fruit moth comprises the following effective components of sweet and sour wine liquid and host plant volatile matter, wherein the sweet and sour wine liquid is prepared by mixing: soft sugar: glacial acetic acid: anhydrous ethanol: water =3g:1ml:3ml:80 ml; the host plant volatile matter is mixed by the following materials in percentage by weight: nonanal, cis-3-hexenol acetate, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, (Z) - β -ocimene = 14: 100: 1: 86, dissolving the host plant volatile matter by using a solvent n-hexane, wherein the concentration is 1 mu g/mu l; mixing the sweet and sour wine solution and the host plant volatile substance solution according to the volume ratio of 1: 1.
And adding the mixed solution of the sweet and sour wine and the host plant volatile matters into a carrier centrifuge tube, sealing two ends of the centrifuge tube, and controlling the dosage of the host plant volatile matters in the mixed solution to be 0.201 mg.
Injecting 200 μ l of sugar-vinegar wine and 200 μ l of host plant volatile solution into a centrifuge tube, sealing the centrifuge tube with a sealing film; before use, a small hole is punctured on a centrifugal tube cover by a needle point, and the centrifugal tube cover is hung at the position 1 cm away from the water surface on the upper part of the inducing pot; 4-10 months, the trapper is hung between ventilated rows in the orchard and on the robust branches 1.5 m away from the ground; the distance between every two traps is 7.5 multiplied by 10 m; the centrifuge tube added with the obligate attracting component is replaced 1 time every 3 days. The inducing basin is a plastic red basin with the caliber of 25 cm and the depth of 10cm, and washing powder water with the volume of 2 percent of the volume of the inducing basin is arranged in the inducing basin and is fixed by a thin iron wire.
In the invention, the sweet and sour wine liquid can induce the olfactory reaction of the grapholitha molesta at a longer distance, and the grapholitha molesta is first induced to the vicinity of the trap. Then, the specific attraction effect of the host plant volatile matters on the oriental fruit moths is utilized to attract the oriental fruit moths, particularly the pregnant egg females, in the trap in a short distance. The two have synergistic effect, and the luring efficiency is obviously increased.
According to the method, the green prevention and control are taken as concepts, an effective obligate attracting method for preventing and controlling the oriental fruit moth is obtained according to the long-distance action of the food attractant on the oriental fruit moth and the close-distance action of the egg-laying attractant on the oriental fruit moth, the attracting efficiency is obviously increased, and the two methods play more remarkable roles in the monitoring, trapping, killing, preventing and controlling of the oriental fruit moth. The reduction of chemical pesticides is promoted while the prevention and treatment effect is guaranteed. The method meets the aim of 'one control two and three reduction' provided by the ministry of agriculture, and accelerates the popularization of green prevention and control products and technologies. Is beneficial to protecting the ecological environment, guaranteeing the food safety and ecological safety and the sustainable development of agriculture.
The sweet and sour wine liquid and the host plant volatile matter are two attractants with great potential and capable of effectively preventing and controlling the male and female insects simultaneously. As a food attractant, the sweet and sour wine is a traditional pollution-free and broad-spectrum control measure and can trap and kill various insects at the same time. However, the sensitivity of insects to ethanol and acetic acid with different proportions is different, so that the specificity of the sweet and sour wine liquid to target pests is poor. The sweet and sour wine has strong volatility and can attract insects at a longer distance to approach the sweet and sour wine. The host plant volatile matter with specific components and proportion is a specific oviposition attractant, can be used for preventing and controlling the male and female Grapholitha molesta, particularly the female pregnant egg, and can be trapped and killed in the process of seeking the oviposition of the host plant by the female. However, in the actual application process, the dispersion of host volatile matters is generated under the large background of the orchard, so that the oriental fruit moth is not favorably and effectively attracted to the vicinity of the trap. The two attractants are combined to play a role in synergy, the main target pest, namely the oriental fruit moth is attracted to the vicinity of the trapper through the sweet and sour liquor, and then the oriental fruit moth, especially the pregnant egg female is attracted into the trapper specifically through the host plant volatile matter. Therefore, the food attractant is attracted in a long distance and the oviposition attractant is attracted in a short distance, so that the attraction efficiency is remarkably increased, and the food attractant and the oviposition attractant play more remarkable roles in monitoring, trapping, killing and preventing the oriental fruit moth.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows moth-trapping situation in different proportions of sweet and sour liquor in field; FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of host plant volatiles in varying proportions and dosages on the amount of attraction of the female and male oriental fruit moths; FIG. 3 is the EAG reaction values of the male and female moths of Grapholitha molesta, in which: PP represents host plant volatile matter, SS represents sweet and sour wine liquid; FIG. 4 shows the directional flight response rates of the male and female moths of Grapholitha molesta; FIG. 5 shows the reaction rate of the male and female Grapholitha molesta Busck flying to the wind tunnel 1/2 for a distance above; FIG. 6 shows the proximity of the scent sources of the female and male oriental fruit moths to within 10cm or the landing reaction rate; FIG. 7 is the average moth induction in the field for Grapholitha molesta Busck by the obligate induction method; FIG. 8 shows how the obligate attraction method induces a moth-trapping rate of Grapholitha molesta female insects in the field; FIG. 9 shows how the obligate attraction method induces male Grapholitha molesta in the field; in the figure: PP represents host plant volatile matter, SS represents sweet and sour wine liquid; FIG. 10 shows the attraction of the obligate attraction method to Grapholitha molesta Busck in the field.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1: experiments on the field trapping effect of the sweet and sour wine liquids with different proportions on the oriental fruit moth. The different proportions of the sweet and sour wine are shown in table 1. The sugar-vinegar wine with the best effect of trapping the oriental fruit moth female and male worms is obtained by screening and has the ratio of 3: 1: 3: 80.
TABLE 1 different proportions of sweet and sour wine
The sugar-vinegar liquor with different proportions has obvious trapping quantity difference on the oriental fruit moth in the field (1)F=2.24, df=9,39, P= 0.047), the trap quantity difference of female insects is not significant (F=1.889, df=9,39, P= 0.093). Wherein the average trapping amount of the male and female insects reaches the maximum at the ratio of 7 (1.25 +/-0.48 heads and 24.00 +/-10.70 heads). Ratios 1, 2 and 4 failed to trap females and the control had minimal male trapping. (FIG. 1)
Example 2: experiments on the influence of host plant volatile matters with different proportions and dosages on the field trapping effect of the oriental fruit moth female and male moths. The host plant volatile ratio and dose are shown in table 2. The proportion and the dosage of the specific host plant volatile matters which have the best trapping effect on the oriental fruit moth female and male worms obtained by screening are nonanal: cis-3-hexenol acetate: 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one: (Z) - β -ocimene = 14: 100: 1: 86, 0.201mg dosage.
TABLE 2 host plant volatile proportions and dosages
The field moth-luring effect of the volatile components of the host plants does not differ significantly under the combined action of the proportion and the dosage (1)F= 0.560, df= 6, 56, P= 0.76), with no significant difference in the individual ratios or dose (dose:F = 0.217,df = 1, P= 0.446; the proportion is as follows:F = 1.317, df = 6, P= 0.271). In terms of dose, the amount of moth-trapping was the highest at 0.1 × and the amount of moth-trapping was the lowest at 0.01 × respectively. In terms of ratio, the moth-trapping amount of R2 was higher than that of R1. In all the compositions, the highest moth-attracting amount of R2 (14.5 +/-6.96 heads) was observed at a dose of 0.1X. (FIG. 2)
Example 3: the sugar-vinegar wine liquid, the host plant volatile matter and the obligate attraction method used in combination of the sugar-vinegar wine liquid and the host plant volatile matter are used for the comparative test of the attraction condition of the oriental fruit moth. The reaction activity of the antennae on the smell is detected by utilizing the potentials of the antennae indoors, the flying behavior generated by the smell induction is detected by simulating the field activity space through a wind tunnel, and finally the trapping effect is tested in the field. The EAG response values of the male and female moths of Grapholitha molesta are shown in figure 3. The directional flight reaction rate of the male and female moths of the oriental fruit moth is shown in figure 4. The reaction rate of the male and female grapholitha molesta flies to the wind tunnel 1/2 and is shown in figure 5. The odor source of the male and female Grapholitha molesta Busck is within 10cm or the landing reaction rate is shown in figure 6. The obligate attraction method is shown in fig. 7-9 for attracting Grapholitha molesta Busck in field. In the figure: PP represents host plant volatile matter, and SS represents sweet and sour wine. As can be seen from the figure: the sweet and sour wine can cause strong olfactory reaction of the oriental fruit moth antennal. In the wind tunnel, the environmental scope is relatively small, the host plant volatile matter causes the directional flight reaction of the female insect and the reaction of the female insect flying to the wind tunnel for a distance above 1/2 is stronger than that of the sweet and sour wine, and the reaction rate of the female oriental fruit moth flying to the wind tunnel for a distance above 1/2 and approaching to a smell source within 10cm or landing is effectively improved after the host plant volatile matter and the sweet and sour wine are used in a matched manner. The synergistic interaction of the sweet and sour wine and the host plant volatile matter effectively improves the attraction capability of the obligate attractant to the oriental fruit moth males and females in the field.
The differences of the EAG reaction values of the female and male oriental fruit moths on the sugar-vinegar wine, the host plant volatile matter and the combined use of the female and male oriental fruit moths are obvious (male:F=22.453, df=2,20, P<0.05; female:F=30.883, df=2,20, P<0.05). Among them, the male tentacles have the highest EAG response value (3.40. + -. 0.22 mV) when used in combination with the two. The EAG response value of the female tentacles to the sweet and sour liquor alone (6.90 +/-0.31 mV) and the combination of the two (6.10 +/-0.21 mV) is higher than that of the host plant volatile matters alone (figure 3). In the wind tunnel behavioral response, the differences in behavior of females approaching within 10cm of the odor source or landing were significant (H =12.645, df =2,P= 0.02), the remaining indicators were not significantly different (directional flight, female:F=2.122, df=2,17, P=0.154, male: h =1.654, df =2,P= 0.437; flying to wind tunnel 1/2 for a distance greater than the distance, female: h =4.726, df =2,P=0.094, male: h =4.235, df =2,P= 0.120; proximity to odor source within 10cm or landing, male: h =2.528, df =2,P= 0.283). The directional flight of the female and male worms (35.00 +/-8.85 percent and 10.00 +/-5.16 percent), the flying distance to the wind tunnel 1/2 (25.00 +/-8.47 percent and 20.00 +/-8.56 percent), and the behavior reaction of the female worms approaching within 10cm of the odor source or landing (3.33 +/-2.11 percent) reach the highest when the two are used together (figures 4-6). In the field moth-luring effect comparison test, the trapping amount of the two combined use is higher for male and female insects than that of the two combined use (female: H =2.829, df =4,P= 0.587; male: h =8.629, df =4,P= 0.071), female insect mean trapping amount was 9.25 ± 7.04 heads, male insect mean trapping amount was 73.25 ± 52.05 heads (fig. 7). In the field moth trapping amount dynamic, the combined use of the two before 8 months and 8 days has lower trapping effect on the male and female worms than the single use of the two, but the combined use of the two after 8 months and 8 days has higher trapping effect than the single use of the two (figures 8-9).
Claims (2)
1. An obligate attractant for preventing and controlling oriental fruit moth, which is characterized in that: the effective components are a mixture of sweet and sour wine liquid and host plant volatile matters, wherein the sweet and sour wine liquid is as follows: soft sugar: glacial acetic acid: anhydrous ethanol: water =3g:1ml:3ml:80 ml; the host plant volatile matter is mixed by the following materials in percentage by weight: nonanal, cis-3-hexenol acetate, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, (Z) - β -ocimene = 14: 100: 1: 86, dissolving the host plant volatile matter by using a solvent n-hexane, wherein the concentration is 1 mu g/mu l; mixing the sweet and sour wine liquid and the host plant volatile substance solution according to the volume ratio of 1: 1;
adding the mixed solution of the sweet and sour wine liquid and the host plant volatile matter into a carrier centrifugal tube, sealing two ends of the centrifugal tube, and controlling the dose of the host plant volatile matter in the mixed solution to be 0.201 mg;
a method for preventing and treating oriental fruit moth by using an obligate attractant comprises injecting 200 μ l of sweet and sour wine solution and 200 μ l of host plant volatile substance solution into a centrifuge tube, and sealing the opening of the centrifuge tube with a sealing film; before use, a small hole is punctured on a centrifugal tube cover by a needle point, and the centrifugal tube cover is hung at the position 1 cm away from the water surface on the upper part of the inducing pot; 4-10 months, the trapper is hung between ventilated rows in the orchard and on the robust branches 1.5 m away from the ground; the distance between every two traps is 7.5 multiplied by 10 m; the centrifuge tube added with the obligate attracting component is replaced 1 time every 3 days.
2. The obligate attractant for controlling oriental fruit moth according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inducing basin is a plastic red basin with the caliber of 25 cm and the depth of 10cm, and washing powder water with the volume of 2 percent of the volume of the inducing basin is arranged in the inducing basin and is fixed by a thin iron wire.
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