CN108703249A - 一种胶原蛋白产品及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种胶原蛋白产品及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108703249A CN108703249A CN201810569897.8A CN201810569897A CN108703249A CN 108703249 A CN108703249 A CN 108703249A CN 201810569897 A CN201810569897 A CN 201810569897A CN 108703249 A CN108703249 A CN 108703249A
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- collagen
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Abstract
本发明涉及保健食品技术领域,具体公开一种胶原蛋白产品及其制备方法。所述胶原蛋白产品包含如下重量份的组分:乳矿物盐20‑30份,鱼胶原蛋白肽5‑20份,樱桃粉2‑10份,诺丽果粉1‑5份,鳄鱼肽0.5‑5份,牛韧带弹力蛋白肽0.1‑2份,麦芽糊精25‑35份和山梨糖醇15‑25份。本发明所提供的胶原蛋白产品通过科学合理的配方,从基础营养保障、多途径抗氧化、补充钙元素等多个方面协同发挥作用,对人体的皮肤、骨骼等具有多重保健的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保健食品技术领域,尤其涉及一种胶原蛋白产品及其制备方法。
背景技术
胶原蛋白又称胶原,是一种在生物体内广泛分布的蛋白质,在人体中主要存在于皮肤肌肉、骨骼、牙齿、内脏与眼睛等处,其主要功能是皮肤和组织器官的形态和结构,也是修复各损伤组织的重要原料物质,并与人体组织器官的衰老有着直接的正向关系;此外,胶原蛋白占骨骼重量的70-80%,其与羟基磷酸钙共同构成了骨骼的主体,近年来研究已表明,健康人体的骨骼里必须含有充足的和进行着正常新陈代谢的胶原蛋白,否则钙盐将因为无法沉积而导致流失,进而导致骨密度降低、韧性减弱,从而易发生骨折。
人体随着年龄的增长,尤其对于35岁以上人群,胶原蛋白的结构逐步发生变化,加之坏境的污染、紫外线照射、精神紧张等各种因素的影响下,体内纤维细胞的合成能力不断下降,致使人体胶原蛋白含量会逐渐降低;此外,现代社会生活的多样性,促使部分人群拥有特定食谱或者特殊的膳食需求,如因肥胖而控制饮食人群、术后康养人群、“三高”等慢性疾病人群,以及文艺演职人员等特殊群体,其在保证基本营养需求的情况下,饮食中食物摄取量相对较低,加之因饮食结构调整导致体内代谢的剧烈变化,极易引起体内胶原蛋白流失和减少,进而诱发组织器官衰老、骨质疏松等一系列亚健康状态和更加严重的疾病。因此,不论是对于中老年健康人群,还是拥有特定食谱的亚健康和慢病人群,亦或是低饮食摄取量的特殊膳食需求人群,通过健康、安全的功能性食品、保健食品摄取充足的胶原蛋白及钙质显得尤为重要。
此外,为促进和保证人体对无机钙盐的吸收,在诸多补钙的药物或保健食品中往往添加维生素D,而无机钙在停止补充后已增加的骨密度会逐渐消失。乳矿物盐作为一种新资源食品,是以乳清为原料的一种易于人体吸收的钙补充剂,同时依靠即使在停止补充乳矿物盐后其增加的骨密度3年后依然保持的特性,乳矿物盐将成为未来食品类钙剂的更优选择。
发明内容
针对现有技术中保健食品中不能兼顾基础营养和维持皮肤弹性、补充钙质的技术问题,本发明提供一种胶原蛋白产品及其制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供的技术方案是:
一种胶原蛋白产品,所述胶原蛋白产品包含如下重量份的组分:
相对于现有技术,本发明提供的胶原蛋白产品富含多种胶原蛋白、多种矿物质、多种营养元素、多种活性成分以及抗氧化成分。多种营养元素和矿物质,可以为人体提供基础的营养保障,保证人体即使在减少糖、油脂和可消化性淀粉摄入的同时也能维持机体的正常代谢,为发挥本品其他功效提供必要条件;同时,营养元素中的维生素能协同清除自由基和对抗氧化,维生素C还能促进胶原蛋白的生成;胶原蛋白在修复肌肤问题、延缓肌肤衰老的同时还能促进营养元素和钙元素的吸收和利用,并且具有加速血红蛋白和红细胞生成的功效。本发明所提供的胶原蛋白产品通过科学合理的配方,从基础营养保障、多途径抗氧化、补充钙元素等多个方面协同发挥作用,对人体的皮肤、骨骼等具有多重保健的作用。
乳矿物盐是以牛乳清为原料,经去除蛋白质、乳糖等成分而制成,含较多的矿物质,主要是钙元素和磷元素,对肠胃刺激小,可被人体有效吸收与利用,具有与人体骨骼牙齿接近的组成,其中合理的钙磷比使其具有更佳的补钙效果,且补钙效果不会发生逆转,增加的骨密度即使在停止补充乳矿物盐三年后依然保持,而无机钙在停止补充后已增加的骨密度会逐渐消失。
鱼胶原蛋白含亲水性的天然保湿因子,而且三螺旋结构能强劲锁住水份,使细胞粘结更紧密,加快新陈代谢速度,促进死皮脱落,防止黑色素沉积。胶原蛋白还可以促进本品中的乳矿物盐中的钙的吸收,锁定钙质、柔润骨骼。人体骨骼主要由1/3的胶原蛋白和2/3的钙盐构成。胶原蛋白与钙之间的关系就像水泥与沙子的关系,胶原蛋白是水泥,钙是沙子,有水泥,沙子才能凝固为一体,否则就会成为一盘散沙。要预防和改善骨质疏松,最科学的方法是同时补充钙和胶原蛋白,这样钙才能在胶原蛋白的粘合下,沉积在骨骼,而不是沉积在其他部位形成结石,加强骨的韧性、硬度,修复关节软骨,使补钙更安全。也就是说,人体只有摄取足够的胶原蛋白,钙才能够被有效吸收,才能真正预防骨质疏松问题的发生。
樱桃中含有大量的维生素C、铁、类黄酮等物质,由于类黄酮的存在使得樱桃中的维生素C能够更好的吸收和利用。樱桃粉在本品中的作用:①促进皮肤胶原蛋白的合成以及本品中鱼胶原蛋白、鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白和牛韧带弹力蛋白肽的吸收,提高本品中胶原蛋白的吸收利用率;②樱桃中大量的维生素C,可以抗氧化,阻断黑色素的形成,美白肌肤;③增强免疫力,预防感冒和细菌感染;④樱桃粉中的维生素C能促进人体对本品中乳矿物盐中的钙和樱桃粉中的铁吸收。⑤樱桃含有大量的铁元素和胡萝卜素,可促进血红蛋白再生,既可防治缺铁性贫血,又可增强体质,健脑益智。
诺丽果富含人体所需的丰富营养成分,包含13种维生素,16种矿物质、8种稀有元素,20种氨基酸以及10多种抗氧化物质,还含有多种生物碱、多醣体、多种酵素等医学价值的成分。诺丽果粉在本品中的作用:①抗氧化剂:诺丽果中是目前已知植物中抗氧化能力最强的植物,其抗氧化能力是沙漠中沙棘的7倍。诺丽果中的β-胡萝卜素、维生素C、黄酮、木脂素和香豆素类化合物等十多种抗氧化物质能很好地抑制细胞氧化,清除血浆中超氧化合物自由基和脂质过氧化合物,从而达到降低胆固醇、改善心血管疾病、调节受损心肌细胞能量代谢,延缓心力衰竭进程的作用。②提高免疫力:诺丽果含有多种能提高人体免疫力的营养物质,如多糖、总黄酮、总皂苷等药源成分,能帮助恢复免疫力,提高白细胞活性。其中起主要作用的是多糖类物质(含量是灵芝多糖的7倍),该类物质具有极强的免疫调节作用,能激活免疫细胞,增加白细胞的数量,从而提高免疫力。除此之外,诺丽果还包含了维生素A、C、E、铁、硒等有助免疫功能的营养素,可综合作用于人体,提高人体免疫力。③排毒:诺丽果中的维生素、矿物质、膳食纤维以及酵素可加快新陈代谢,清理人体内积存的垃圾与毒素,净化血液;④增强钙吸收:诺丽果中的磷元素和维生素D可以促进钙元素的吸收;⑤营养推进剂:诺丽中的塞洛宁原能够显著增加人体肠道中塞洛宁含量,这就会使肠道更有效地吸收本品中的胶原蛋白以及樱桃粉中的各种营养物质。而樱桃粉中的维生素、胶原蛋白中的蛋白质以及樱桃粉和诺丽果粉中的矿物质会与塞洛宁原互相作用,相互促进,令机体营养充沛。⑥修复活性皮肤:诺丽果中的塞洛宁原配合诺丽果中的氨基酸、微量元素以及本品樱桃粉中的维生素E等,可以活化细胞促进受损细胞的修复和再生,使肌肤焕发光彩,同时还可以阻碍黑色素的形成,淡化色斑。
鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白是从鳄鱼肉中提取的,鳄鱼肉中蛋白质含量高,其中含有人体必需的氨基酸,且比例适中,还含有人体所必须的不饱和脂肪酸以及多种微量元素。在本品中鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白的作为:①提高人体免疫力:鳄鱼胶原蛋白肽能有效的促进骨髓干细胞分化具有免疫活性的T淋巴细胞,它释放出的淋巴因子等多种生物性物质能有力改善机体免疫能力,防止各种病毒和致病菌的侵害。②降血压调血脂:鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白可以和人体的血红细胞结合在一起,形成一种混合血红蛋白,显著提高人体血液的含氧量,从而减少血小板的形成,还可以加速血脂分解,并加速体内的葡萄糖分解为二氧化碳和水,从而降低血糖。③抗氧化作用:鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白具有活化细胞的功能,能促使皮肤细胞加快新老交替,从而有效保持皮肤细胞处于青春状态。④改善记忆力:鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白中含有丰富的锌元素,锌是形成辅酶的活性中心,充足的锌对大脑灵活聪明起到关键作用,因此,鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白可以增强学习能力和记忆能力,对于预防老年痴呆等脑细胞退化症状也有一定的帮助。⑤胶原蛋白还可以促进本品中乳矿物盐中的钙的吸收,锁定钙质、柔润骨骼。诺丽果粉中的维生素A、钙、磷等元素可以促进鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白中锌元素的吸收。
牛韧带弹力蛋白肽是从牛韧带中提取的,弹性蛋白是一种构成弹性纤维的蛋白质,主要存在于颈韧带、血管、肺、皮肤等有弹性的组织中,这类组织不仅需要弹性,同时拉伸强度也是必不可少的,而且弹性蛋白对形态的构成和维持发挥重要的作用。有了弹性蛋白的支撑胶原蛋白才能发挥其作用,弹性蛋白和胶原蛋白共同作用才能赋予肌肤弹性。牛韧带弹力蛋白肽在本品中的作用:①增强血管弹性,缓解血管衰老。②促进韧带细胞增殖,提高韧带功能,增加关节稳定效果,巩固和恢复运动机能,抑制韧带骨化。③促进鱼胶原蛋白和鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白发挥作用,与鱼胶原蛋白和鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白共同作用赋予皮肤弹性和柔软度,防止皮肤松弛,促进钙吸收。
麦芽糊精是一种价格低廉、口感滑腻、低热、易消化、没有任何味道的营养物质,麦芽糊精含有大量的多糖类,另外还含有钙、铁等对人体有益的微量元素及矿物质,并能促进人体正常的物质代谢。用麦芽糊精代替蔗糖,可降低甜度,减少牙龋病、肥胖症、高血压、糖尿病等病症,还可以使产品入口不粘牙、不留渣,造型及外观清亮光滑、饱满,减少次品,延长产品货架期。
山梨糖醇有清凉的甜味,甜度约为蔗糖的一半,具有良好的保湿性能,可使食品保持一定的水分,防止干燥,还可防止糖,盐等析出结晶,能保持甜,酸,苦味强度的平衡,增强食品的风味,加入少许可起保持食品柔软,改进组织和减少硬化起砂的作用。山梨糖醇在人体内不转化为葡萄糖,不受胰岛素的控制,适合糖尿病人使用。
优选的,本发明所提供的胶原蛋白产品还包括硬脂酸镁0.5-5份。
硬脂酸镁作为润滑剂,适量添加硬脂酸镁,可增加颗粒的流动性,防止黏冲以及表面斑点等问题。
优选的,本发明所提供的胶原蛋白产品还包括薄膜包衣剂1-5份。
优选的,所述压片糖果包含如下重量份的组分:乳矿物盐23-28份,鱼胶原蛋白肽10-18份,樱桃粉3-8份,诺丽果粉2-4份,鳄鱼肽1-3份,牛韧带弹力蛋白肽0.2-1.5份,麦芽糊精27-32份,山梨糖醇17-23份。
优选的,所述压片糖果包含如下重量份的组分:乳矿物盐25.6份,鱼胶原蛋白肽12.8份,樱桃粉3.8份,诺丽果粉2.6份,鳄鱼肽1.3份,牛韧带弹力蛋白肽0.3份,麦芽糊精29.5份,山梨糖醇20.8份,硬脂酸镁1.3份,薄膜包衣剂2份。
优选的,所述鱼胶原蛋白、鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白和的提取方法包括以下步骤:
将鱼肉、鳄鱼肉或牛韧带加入氯化钠溶液中,低温搅拌10-14小时除杂;将除杂后的鱼肉、鳄鱼肉或牛韧带经冷冻粉碎为25-35目,加入超临界萃取仪中,萃取30-50min后,加入风味蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶酶解1-2小时,酶解液经离心分离,取上清液真空冻干成粉末,得胶原蛋白冻干粉。
优选的,所述超临界萃取仪的萃取压力为10-20MPa,萃取温度为30-40℃,萃取流体为CO2,流量为25L/h,分离温度为20-30℃,分离压力为2-6MPa。
优选的,所述风味蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶的重量比为1-3:1,酶底比为1:300-500。
本发明在进行酶解之前,采用超临界CO2萃取技术对酶解后的鱼肉、鳄鱼肉或牛韧带进行处理,在高压态下,CO2流体被压入鱼肉、鳄鱼肉或牛韧带的组织细胞内,萃取结束之后减压分离,进入组织细胞内部的高压液体会经历从高压变成低压,再到常压的过程,而高压到常压的变化,浸入细胞组织中的液体,会由液体变化成气体,在瞬间释放压力的过程中体积会变化数倍,这种变化的冲击力对组织细胞有剥离、解离的作用,可将分子量较大的胶原蛋白分解成小分子的蛋白,极大地缩短了后续酶解时间。小分子蛋白经酶解处理得到胶原蛋白肽,与普通的胶原蛋白相比,经过此提取工艺制得的胶原蛋白肽分子量小,最大限度地保持了胶原肽链的三螺旋结构,更容易被人体吸收和利用。而且,经过超临界CO2萃取还可以进一步去除原料中的脂肪,省去去脂步骤,缩短胶原蛋白的生产周期,提高生产效率和利润。
酶解过程采用的是风味蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶两种蛋白酶联用,当风味蛋白酶合作中性蛋白酶的重量比为1-3:1,酶底比(酶与底物的质量比)为1:300-500时,可以提高酶解液的风味和酶解度,使得通过酶法降解获得的胶原蛋白肽分子量较低,能够直接被吸收,同时还能缩短酶解时间,提高胶原蛋白的生产效率。
本发明还提供了一种胶原蛋白产品的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤(a)预混:取符合相应质量标准要求的各组分按照所述胶原蛋白产品的设计配比称重,将称取的乳矿物盐、鱼胶原蛋白肽、樱桃粉、诺丽果粉、鳄鱼肽、弹牛韧带弹力蛋白肽、麦芽糊精,混合均匀,得预混料;
步骤(b)制粒:向所述预混料中加入乙醇制软材,然后放入摇摆制粒机中过16-20目筛制粒,干燥,再次放入摇摆制粒机中过14-16目筛整粒,得颗粒;
步骤(c)总混:将山梨糖醇、硬脂酸镁与所述颗粒混合均匀,得胶原蛋白固体饮料。
本发明还提供了一种胶原蛋白压片糖果的制备方法,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤(a)预混:取符合相应质量标准要求的各组分按照所述胶原蛋白产品的设计配比称重,将称取的乳矿物盐、鱼胶原蛋白肽、樱桃粉、诺丽果粉、鳄鱼肽、弹牛韧带弹力蛋白肽、麦芽糊精,混合均匀,得预混料;
步骤(b)制粒:向所述预混料中加入乙醇制软材,然后放入摇摆制粒机中过16-20目筛制粒,干燥,再次放入摇摆制粒机中过14-16目筛整粒,得颗粒;
步骤(c)总混:将山梨糖醇、硬脂酸镁与所述颗粒混合均匀,得总混料。
步骤(d)压片:将所述总混料送入压片机,按预定的模形,调整好片重进行压片,得素片;
步骤(e)包衣:取薄膜包衣预混剂,用纯化水溶解,配制成8-12%的包衣液,将所述素片包衣,得胶原蛋白压片糖果。
胶原蛋白粉具有一定的粘性,且胶原蛋白粉较轻,压片存在一定的困难,上述制备方法通过选择合适的工艺参数将胶原蛋白产品压片制备成压片糖果,方便食用,口感好,硬度适中,不易裂开软化,且制备工艺无复杂工序,也无需特殊的设备,方法简单,适合工业化生产。
目前市售的胶原蛋白和补钙产品存在人体吸收利用率低,服用效果差等问题,通常需要加大服用量来达到预期效果,这样就造成了胶原蛋白和钙元素的浪费,而且会因服用大量胶原蛋白和钙元素而造成便秘等不良的反应,本发明提供的胶原蛋白压片糖果,采用超临界萃取和双酶分解得到人体更易吸收的小分子蛋白,牛韧带弹力蛋白肽、鱼胶原蛋白、鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白三种胶原蛋白协同作用,从多方面补充人体所需的胶原蛋白,且樱桃粉和诺丽果粉能辅助人体对胶原蛋白和钙的吸收和利用,充分利用各物质之间的相互作用,提高了胶原蛋白和钙的吸收利用率,且胶原蛋白进一步促进了乳矿物钙的吸收和利用,避免人体由于大量服用蛋白和钙而引起的便秘等现象,具有良好的市场应用前景。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
本发明实施例提供一种胶原蛋白粉,所述胶原蛋白粉包含如下重量份的组分:
所述鱼胶原蛋白、鳄鱼肽和牛韧带弹性蛋白是由下述方法提取的:
将原料(鳕鱼肉、暹罗泰鳄鱼肉或牛韧带)加入7.5g/100ml氯化钠溶液中,原料与NaCl溶液比为1:50(m/v),5℃搅拌10小时除杂;将除杂后之后的鱼肉、鳄鱼肉或牛韧带经-20℃冷冻粉碎,加入超临界萃取仪中,设置萃取压力为10MPa,萃取温度为30℃,CO2流量为25L/h,分离温度为20℃,分离压力为2MPa,萃取30min后,加入风味蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶,风味蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶的比例为1~3:1,酶底比为1:300,酶解温度为40℃,酶解液pH维持在6.5,酶解1-3小时,酶解结束后,在80℃水浴中保温20min使酶失活,酶失活以后的酶解液冷却至室温,然后在4℃、10000r/min离心分离15min,除去固体物质,收集上清液,利用真空冷冻干燥机冻干成粉末备用。
上述胶原蛋白粉的制备步骤如下:
步骤(a):取符合相应质量标准要求的各组分按照所述胶原蛋白产品的设计配比称重,将称取的乳矿物盐、鱼胶原蛋白肽、樱桃粉、诺丽果粉、鳄鱼肽、弹牛韧带弹力蛋白肽、麦芽糊精,混合30min,得预混料;
步骤(b):向所述预混料中加入80%(v/v)乙醇,用量为预混料的30wt%,制软材,过16目筛制粒,干燥,过14目筛整粒,得颗粒;
步骤(c):将山梨糖醇与所述颗粒混合20min,得胶原蛋白粉。本实施例制备的胶原蛋白粉可以作为固体饮料食用或饮用;食用时,胶原蛋白粉用温水冲开,所述胶原蛋白粉与水的质量体积比为1:50-70,质量的单位是克,体积的单位是毫升。
实施例2
本发明实施例提供一种胶原蛋白粉,所述胶原蛋白粉包含如下重量份的组分:
所述鱼胶原蛋白、鳄鱼肽和牛韧带弹性蛋白的提取方法与实施例1相同。
上述胶原蛋白粉的制备步骤如下:
步骤(a),取符合相应质量标准要求的各组分按照所述胶原蛋白产品的设计配比称重,将称取的乳矿物盐、鱼胶原蛋白肽、樱桃粉、诺丽果粉、鳄鱼肽、弹牛韧带弹力蛋白肽、麦芽糊精,混合30min,得预混料;
步骤(b),向所述预混料中加入80%(v/v)乙醇,用量为预混料的30wt%,制软材,过18目筛制粒,干燥,过16目筛整粒,得颗粒;
步骤(c),将山梨糖醇、硬脂酸镁与所述颗粒混合20min,得胶原蛋白粉。胶原蛋白粉可作为固体饮料饮用。
实施例3
本发明实施例提供一种胶原蛋白压片糖果,所述胶原蛋白压片糖果包含如下重量份的组分:
所述鱼胶原蛋白、鳄鱼肽和牛韧带弹性蛋白的提取方法与实施例1相同。
上述胶原蛋白压片糖果的制备步骤如下:
步骤(a)预混:取符合相应质量标准要求的各组分按照所述胶原蛋白产品的设计配比称重,将称取的乳矿物盐、鱼胶原蛋白肽、樱桃粉、诺丽果粉、鳄鱼肽、弹牛韧带弹力蛋白肽、麦芽糊精,混合30min,得预混料;
步骤(b)制粒:向所述预混料中加入80%(v/v)乙醇,用量为预混料的30wt%,制软材,过20目筛制粒,干燥,过16目筛整粒,得颗粒;
步骤(c)总混:将山梨糖醇、硬脂酸镁与所述颗粒混合20min,得总混料;
步骤(d)压片:将所述总混料送入压片机,选用直径12mm浅凹冲,调整片重0.65g±5%进行压片,得素片;
步骤(e)包衣:取薄膜包衣预混剂,用纯化水溶解,配制成10%的包衣液,将素片包衣,包衣后素片增重2%,得胶原蛋白压片糖果。
抗氧化试验
试验对象:
本试验对象为SPF级SD大鼠/80只,雌雄各半,每组10只随机分成8组(1个空白组、1个模型组、1个市售对照组、1个对照组1、1个对照组2和3个实施例组)。
试验样品:
实施例组使用的是本发明实施例1~3制得的产品,剂量为197mg/Kg,每天两次,用生理盐水溶解配置成100ml溶液,进行灌胃处理;空白组和模型组每天用100ml生理盐水灌胃;市售对照组使用的是市售某胶原蛋白钙片(主要成分为胶原蛋白和碳酸钙),剂量为364mg/Kg,每天一次,用生理盐水溶解配置成100ml溶液,进行灌胃处理;对照组1使用的是将实施例2中的牛韧带弹力蛋白肽替换为普通的鱼胶原蛋白粉制备的产品,剂量为197mg/Kg,每天两次,用生理盐水溶解配置成100ml溶液,进行灌胃处理;对照组2使用的是将实施例2中的诺丽果粉替换为蓝莓粉制备的产品,剂量为197mg/Kg,每天两次,用生理盐水溶解配置成100ml溶液,进行灌胃处理。
造模时,模型组、对照组和实施例组背部皮下注射D-半乳糖,120mg/d,空白组每日背部皮下注射等量等浓度的生理盐水。造模结束后,开始给对照组和实施例组灌胃给药,连续30天,空白组和模型组灌胃等量的生理盐水。
试验方法及结果:
将各组大鼠连续喂养30d后,处死大鼠,取大鼠背部皮肤,测定大鼠背部皮肤的含水量,结果见表1。取大鼠血清,以血清中重要的自由基捕获酶谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)为指标,将对照组和实施例组的结果进行统计学分析,计算P值,结果见表1。
表1
注:#P<0.05,3个实施例组的皮肤含水量与空白组具有显著性差异;
▲P<0.05,3个实施例组的血清GSH-Px值与空白组具有显著性差异;
※P<0.05,3个实施例组的血清SOD值与空白组具有显著性差异。
由上述结果可以看出,证实实例1-3胶原蛋白产品具有保湿和抗氧化效果,且效果均优于市售单一胶原蛋白产品的保湿和抗氧化效果。且将实施例2中的牛韧带弹力蛋白肽替换为普通的鱼胶原蛋白粉后小鼠皮肤的含水量以及血清GSH-Px和血清SOD的含量与原来相比明显下降,这说明弹性蛋白在本品中具有不可替代的作用。将实施例2中的诺丽果粉替换为蓝莓粉后,皮肤的含水量和抗氧化效果与原来相比也有所下降,这说明诺丽果中独有的赛洛宁原以及药源成分可以促进肠道更有效低吸收胶原蛋白和营养物质,诺丽果粉在本品中具有重要的作用。
改善皮肤试验
45-55岁成年女性40名,随机分为对照组和试验组各20人。对照组,每天早上8点、下午6点各服用辅料制备的空白片2片,连续服用4周;试验组,每天早上8点,中午12点各服用本发明实施例3压片糖果2片,连续服用4周。使用皮肤黑色素测试仪测定脸颊0周和第4周黑色素的含量,记录皮肤黑色素数值。使用皮肤色差仪测定脸颊0周和第4周黑色素的色彩色差度,记录结果。
表2改善皮肤试验
※P<0.05,3个实施例组的黑色素含量与对照组相比具有显著性差异;
#P<0.05,3个实施例组的黑色素的色彩度差度与对照组相比具有显著性差异。
由上述结果可以看出,证实实施例1-3胶原蛋白产品具有抑制人体黑色素产生和淡化色斑的功效。
补钙试验
本试验对象为SPF级SD大鼠70只,雌雄各半,每组10只随机分成7组(1个空白组、1个市售对照组、1个对照组1、1个对照组2和3个实施例组)。
实施例组使用的是本发明实施例1~3制得的产品,剂量为197mg/Kg,每天两次,用生理盐水溶解配置成100ml溶液,进行灌胃处理;对照组1使用的是将实施例2中的牛韧带弹力蛋白肽替换为普通的鱼胶原蛋白粉制备的产品,剂量为197mg/Kg,每天两次,用生理盐水溶解配置成100ml溶液,进行灌胃处理;对照组2使用的是将实施例2中的诺丽果粉替换为蓝莓粉制备的产品,剂量为197mg/Kg,每天两次,用生理盐水溶解配置成100ml溶液,进行灌胃处理;市售对照组使用的是市售某胶原蛋白钙片(主要成分为胶原蛋白和碳酸钙),剂量为364mg/Kg,每天一次,用生理盐水溶解配置成100ml溶液,进行灌胃处理;空白组每天用100ml生理盐水灌胃。连续给予1个月后测试骨密度和骨钙含量。结果见表3。
表3
与空白组比,aP<0.05,bP<0.05,说明实施例1-3制备制备所得胶原蛋白产品能明显提高大鼠的骨钙含量和骨密度,且效果优于市售胶原蛋白钙产品的补钙效果。将实施例2中的牛韧带弹力蛋白肽替换为普通的鱼胶原蛋白粉后补钙效果与原来相比有所下降,结合抗氧化试验证明,有了弹性蛋白的支撑胶原蛋白才能发挥其作用,牛韧带弹力蛋白肽能促进鱼胶原蛋白和鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白发挥作用,与鱼胶原蛋白和鳄鱼肽胶原蛋白共同作用赋予皮肤弹性和柔软度,防止皮肤松弛,促进钙吸收。将实施例2中的诺丽果粉替换为蓝莓粉补钙效果与原来相比也有所下降,说明诺丽粉能促进钙吸收,在本品中具有不可替代的作用。
综上所述,本发明提供的胶原蛋白既有营养,还具有保湿、补充胶原蛋白、补充钙质和清除自由基等多方面保健作用。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换或改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种胶原蛋白产品,其特征在于,所述胶原蛋白产品包含如下重量份的组分:
2.如权利要求1所述胶原蛋白产品,其特征在于,所述胶原蛋白产品还包括硬脂酸镁0.5-5份。
3.如权利要求2所述胶原蛋白产品,其特征在于,所述胶原蛋白产品还包括薄膜包衣剂1-5份。
4.如权利要求1所述胶原蛋白产品,其特征在于,所述胶原蛋白产品包含如下重量份的组分:乳矿物盐23-28份,鱼胶原蛋白肽10-18份,樱桃粉3-8份,诺丽果粉2-4份,鳄鱼肽1-3份,牛韧带弹力蛋白肽0.2-1.5份,麦芽糊精27-32份,以及山梨糖醇17-23份。
5.如权利要求3所述的胶原蛋白产品,其特征在于,所述胶原蛋白产品包含如下重量份的组分:乳矿物盐25.6份,鱼胶原蛋白肽12.8份,樱桃粉3.8份,诺丽果粉2.6份,鳄鱼肽1.3份,牛韧带弹力蛋白肽0.3份,麦芽糊精29.5份,山梨糖醇20.8份,硬脂酸镁1.3份,薄膜包衣剂2份。
6.如权利要求1-5任一项权利要求所述的胶原蛋白产品,其特征在于,所述鱼胶原蛋白、鳄鱼肽或弹性蛋白的提取方法包括以下步骤:
将鱼肉、鳄鱼肉或牛韧带加入氯化钠溶液中,搅拌10-14小时除杂;将除杂后之后的鱼肉、鳄鱼肉或牛韧带经冷冻粉碎,加入超临界萃取仪中,萃取30-50min后,加入风味蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶酶解1-3小时,酶解液经离心分离,取上清液真空冻干成粉末,得胶原蛋白冻干粉。
7.如权利要求6所述的胶原蛋白产品,其特征在于,所述超临界萃取仪的萃取压力为10-20MPa,萃取温度为30-40℃,萃取流体为CO2,流量为25L/h,分离温度为20-30℃,分离压力为2-6MPa。
8.如权利要求6所述的胶原蛋白产品,其特征在于,所述风味蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶的重量比为1-3:1,酶底比为1:300-500。
9.如权利要求2所述的胶原蛋白产品,其特征在于,所述胶原蛋白产品的制备方法包括以下步骤:
步骤(a)预混:取符合相应质量标准要求的各组分按照所述胶原蛋白产品的设计配比称重,将称取的乳矿物盐、鱼胶原蛋白肽、樱桃粉、诺丽果粉、鳄鱼肽、弹牛韧带弹力蛋白肽、麦芽糊精,混合均匀,得预混料;
步骤(b)制粒:向所述预混料中加入乙醇制软材,过16-20目筛制粒,干燥,过14-16目筛整粒,得颗粒;
步骤(c)总混:将山梨糖醇、硬脂酸镁与所述颗粒混合均匀,得胶原蛋白粉。
10.如权利要求9所述的胶原蛋白产品,其特征在于,所述胶原蛋白产品的制备方法还包括以下步骤:
步骤(d)压片:将所述胶原蛋白粉送入压片机,按预定的模形,调整好片重进行压片,得素片;
步骤(e)包衣:取薄膜包衣剂,用纯化水溶解,配制成8-12wt%的包衣液,将素片包衣,得胶原蛋白压片糖果。
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