CN108690082A - 一种带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- UADBQCGSEHKIBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-phenoxy-2,4-dihydro-1h-1,3,5,2,4,6-triazatriphosphinine Chemical compound P1N=PNPN1OC1=CC=CC=C1 UADBQCGSEHKIBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- ZGJADVGJIVEEGF-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;phenoxide Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ZGJADVGJIVEEGF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000000687 hydroquinonyl group Chemical group C1(O)=C(C=C(O)C=C1)* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinimyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical class CN(C)P(=N)(N(C)C)N(C)C GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- -1 chloro phosphonitrile Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 5
- DCERHCFNWRGHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[Si](C)C Chemical compound C[Si](C)C DCERHCFNWRGHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- ZSTLPJLUQNQBDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidyne(dihydroxy)-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound OP(O)#N ZSTLPJLUQNQBDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈及制备方法,其结构如下:或
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种带有酚羟基的磷腈阻燃剂及制备方法,属于阻燃剂制备技术领域。
背景技术
阻燃剂可分为添加型阻燃剂和反应型阻燃剂。添加型阻燃剂使用方便,但是它一般需较大的添加量,添加型阻燃剂和聚合物一般相容性差,容易使产品的机械性能降低;而反应型阻燃剂由于能与单体共聚或对高分子进行官能化接枝形成高分子阻燃剂,因此阻燃效果更好,还可以保持材料原有的热学性质和机械力学性能等,因此备受人们关注,是阻燃剂的主要发展方向之一。
苯氧基磷腈有着优异的阻燃耐热性能,在阻燃领域有着广泛的应用和研究,其中在无卤阻燃环氧树脂中应用广泛。常规的添加型磷腈阻燃剂由于没有官能团,添加到环氧树脂中,无法与树脂发生键和连接,阻燃剂与树脂相容性差,在某些情况下,阻燃剂会析出,影响阻燃效果,并且影响材料的机械性能,容易导致材料的热膨胀系数大,在电路板制造过程中形成内层龟裂,造成产品不合格率提高。
发明内容
为了克服添加型磷腈阻燃剂的上述缺陷,本发明提供了一种反应型的带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈阻燃剂以及合成方法,既能保持六苯氧基环三磷腈阻燃效果,又能克服六苯氧基环三磷腈使用中对材料热学性质的影响。本发明的技术方案如下:
一种带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈,其结构如下:
所述的带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈的制备方法,以六氯环三磷腈、氢醌、金属碱为原料,得到氢醌取代的磷腈衍生物,再与苯酚钾或苯酚钠反应得到产品,具体步骤如下:
(1)氮气保护下将氢醌与六氯环三磷腈溶于溶剂中,0-60度搅拌下分批加入金属碱,反应1-5小时,再加入苯酚钾或苯酚钠,60-130度反应4-6小时,反应结束降温至室温;
(2)反应液加入稀碱液洗涤至中性,加入乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相浓缩即得。
上述步骤(1)中所述的溶剂为四氢呋喃、二氧六环、甲苯、氯苯、二甲基甲酰胺中的任一种或两种的混合物;优选四氢呋喃。
上述步骤(1)中所述的金属碱为氢化钠、二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾中的任一种。
上述步骤(1)中所述的氢醌与六氯环三磷腈的当量比为2~3:1,六氯环三磷腈质量与溶剂的体积(g/ml)比为1:7~10。
上述步骤(1)中所述苯酚钾或苯酚钠”的用量与氢醌的用量相关,如果氢醌与六苯氧基环三磷腈的当量比值为n,则苯酚钾或苯酚钠与六苯氧基环三磷腈的当量比值为6-n,即氢醌和苯酚钾(或苯酚钠)的总当量数为六苯氧基环三磷腈的6倍。
上述步骤(1)中所述的金属碱与氢醌的当量比为0.9~1.1:1。
上述步骤(1)中所述的分批加入金属碱为:在氢鲲和氯代磷腈溶解后以每小时0.1mol的速度分批加入。
上述步骤(2)中所述的稀碱液为10%氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾水溶液。
上述步骤(2)中所述的乙酸乙酯与步骤(1)中所述的溶剂体积相等。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有下列特点和有益效果:
1、引入酚羟基的苯氧基磷腈产品,可以通过化学反应,将苯氧基磷腈直接接在环氧树脂上,两者相容性好,阻燃效果更好;
2、酚羟基与环氧反应,属于分子级别的化学键连接,相比原来的物理添加,不影响材料的机械性能。
3、氢醌带有两个酚羟基,一般反应中两个酚羟基都容易反应造成交联的情况,之前的方法一般将一个酚羟基保护起来,与磷腈接起来后再将保护基脱掉,步骤要多上保护、脱保护两步,工艺复杂成本高;本发明不使用保护基,通过控制金属碱的使用量和加料顺序,可大幅减少交联的可能,主要生成具有裸露酚羟基的反应型磷腈阻燃剂,相比之前的方法更加简单且成本低,更适合工业化。
本发明带有酚羟基的苯氧基磷腈结构,酚羟基可以直接通过化学键接在环氧树脂上,相容性好,在起到良好阻燃效果的同时,不影响材料的热膨胀系数。
具体实施方式
以下实施例是对本发明的进一步描述,并不构成对其保护范围的限制。
实施例1
氢醌(22g,0.2mol)和六氯环三磷腈(34.8g,0.1mol)溶于四氢呋喃250ml,氮气保护,0度分批加入氢化钠(4.8g,0.2mol),20度继续反应1小时,加入苯酚钾(52.8g,0.4mol),60度继续反应4小时,反应降温至室温,用10%氢氧化钠溶液调PH至中性,加入乙酸乙酯250ml,洗涤分液,取有机相浓缩得到产品,产率81%。
实施例2
氢醌(22g,0.2mol)和六氯环三磷腈(34.8g,0.1mol)溶于四氢呋喃245ml,20度分批加入二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠溶液(0.2mol),20度继续反应1小时,加入苯酚钾(52.8g,0.4mol),60度继续反应6小时,反应降温至室温,用10%氢氧化钠溶液调PH至中性,加入乙酸乙酯245ml,洗涤分液,取有机相浓缩得到产品,产率84%。
实施例3
氢醌(22g,0.2mol)和六氯环三磷腈(34.8g,0.1mol)溶于甲苯300ml,50度分批加入氢氧化钠(7.2g,0.18mol),50度继续反应5小时,加入苯酚钾(52.8g,0.4mol),110度继续反应6小时,反应降温至室温,用10%氢氧化钾溶液调PH至中性,加入乙酸乙酯300ml,洗涤分液,取有机相浓缩得到产品,产率80%。
实施例4
氢醌(22g,0.2mol)和六氯环三磷腈(34.8g,0.1mol)溶于氯苯300ml,60度分批加入氢氧化钾(11.2g,0.2mol),继续反应5小时,加入苯酚钾(52.8g,0.4mol),130度继续反应5小时,反应降温至室温,用10%氢氧化钠溶液调PH至中性,加入乙酸乙酯300ml,洗涤分液,取有机相浓缩得到产品,产率80%。
实施例5
氢醌(22g,0.2mol)和六氯环三磷腈(34.8g,0.1mol)溶于甲苯300ml,60度分批加入氢氧化钾(13.32g,0.22mol),继续反应5小时,加入苯酚钾(52.8g,0.4mol),110度继续反应5小时,反应降温至室温,用10%氢氧化钾溶液调PH至中性,加入乙酸乙酯300ml,洗涤分液,取有机相浓缩得到产品,产率82%。
实施例6
氢醌(22g,0.2mol)和六氯环三磷腈(34.8g,0.1mol)溶于二氧六环200ml和二甲基甲酰胺100ml,60度分批加入氢氧化钾(11.2g,0.2mol),继续反应5小时,加入苯酚钠(46.4g,0.4mol),100度继续反应4小时,反应降温至室温,用10%氢氧化钾溶液调PH至中性,加入乙酸乙酯300ml,洗涤分液,取有机相浓缩得到产品,产率83%。
实施例7
氢醌(33g,0.3mol)和六氯环三磷腈(34.8g,0.1mol)溶于四氢呋喃348ml,20度分批加入二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠溶液(0.3mol),20度继续反应2小时,加入苯酚钾(39.6g,0.3mol),60度继续反应6小时,反应降温至室温,用10%氢氧化钠溶液调PH至中性,加入乙酸乙酯348ml,洗涤分液,取有机相浓缩得到产品,产率84%。
Claims (10)
1.一种带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈,其特征在于,结构式如下:
2.权利要求1所述的带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈的制备方法,其特征在于,以六氯环三磷腈、氢醌、金属碱为原料,得到氢醌取代的磷腈衍生物,再与苯酚钾或苯酚钠反应得到产品,具体步骤如下:
(1)氮气保护下将氢醌与六氯环三磷腈溶于溶剂中,0-60度搅拌下分批加入金属碱,反应1-5小时,再加入苯酚钾或苯酚钠,60-130度反应4-6小时,反应结束降温至室温;
(2)反应液加入稀碱液洗涤至中性,加入乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相浓缩即得。
3.根据权利要求2所述的带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述的溶剂为四氢呋喃、二氧六环、甲苯、氯苯、二甲基甲酰胺中的任一种或两种的混合物。
4.根据权利要求2所述的带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述的溶剂为四氢呋喃。
5.根据权利要求2所述的带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述的金属碱为氢化钠、二(三甲基硅基)氨基钠、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾中的任一种。
6.根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述的氢醌与六氯环三磷腈的当量比为2~3:1;所述的苯酚钾或苯酚钠和氢醌的总当量数为六苯氧基环三磷腈当量数的6倍;所述的六氯环三磷腈质量g与溶剂的体积ml比为1:7~10。
7.根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述的金属碱与氢醌的当量比为0.9~1.1:1。
8.根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述的分批加入金属碱为:在氢鲲和氯代磷腈溶解后以每小时0.1mol的速度分批加入。
9.根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述的稀碱液为10%氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾水溶液。
10.根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的带有酚羟基的苯氧基环三磷腈的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述的乙酸乙酯与步骤(1)中所述的溶剂体积相等。
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US4727175A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-02-23 | The Dow Chemical Company | Hydroxyphenoxyphosphazenes and a process for producing same |
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JP2011001275A (ja) * | 2009-06-16 | 2011-01-06 | Fushimi Pharm Co Ltd | ホスファゼン環を有する不飽和カルボキシレート化合物 |
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US4727175A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-02-23 | The Dow Chemical Company | Hydroxyphenoxyphosphazenes and a process for producing same |
JP2004169044A (ja) * | 1997-01-17 | 2004-06-17 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 電子部品封止用エポキシ樹脂成形材料及び電子部品 |
JP2006077064A (ja) * | 2004-09-08 | 2006-03-23 | Kaneka Corp | 新規ポリイミド、ポリイミド樹脂組成物、およびそれを用いた難燃性樹脂組成物、並びにポリアミド酸 |
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