CN108684644B - Small self-propelled high-clearance sprayer - Google Patents
Small self-propelled high-clearance sprayer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108684644B CN108684644B CN201810827271.2A CN201810827271A CN108684644B CN 108684644 B CN108684644 B CN 108684644B CN 201810827271 A CN201810827271 A CN 201810827271A CN 108684644 B CN108684644 B CN 108684644B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
- A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
- A01M7/0042—Field sprayers, e.g. self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/005—Special arrangements or adaptations of the spraying or distributing parts, e.g. adaptations or mounting of the spray booms, mounting of the nozzles, protection shields
- A01M7/0071—Construction of the spray booms
- A01M7/0075—Construction of the spray booms including folding means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0082—Undercarriages, frames, mountings, couplings, tanks
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a self-propelled high-clearance sprayer, which is mainly used for plant protection operation of high-stalk crops such as cotton, corn, tobacco and the like; comprises a frame, a traveling device, an adjustable chassis, a spray boom spraying system, a flow control system and a transmission system. The traveling device comprises a front wheel tread adjusting device, a traveling wheel tread adjusting device and a chassis height adjusting device; the spray rod spraying system comprises a height adjusting rod, a spraying system and a spray rod folding mechanism; in the invention, the wheel tread and the ground clearance of the adjustable chassis are adjustable, the wheel tread adjusting range is 1-1.6 m, the ground clearance adjusting range is 0.6-1 m, the different crop planting row spacing and different growth period crop heights can be satisfied, and the trafficability of the machine in the field is improved; the vertical suspenders on the left side and the right side of each planting row are provided with the spray heads up and down oppositely, and spray is carried out from the left direction and the right direction, so that the insect diseases in the middle and the lower parts of the long-stalk crop plants can be effectively prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a small self-propelled high-clearance sprayer, in particular to a gate-type spraying system and an adjustable chassis for high-stalk crops, belonging to crop field management machinery.
Background
In the production process of crops, plant diseases and insect pests are important reasons for causing crop yield loss, and at present, the main prevention and treatment measures aiming at the crop plant diseases and insect pests in China are pesticide spraying, so that the development of plant protection mechanization and the research of new plant protection technology become urgent.
At present, the agricultural chemical spraying machinery in China mainly takes the traditional manual backpack type as a main part, and has low efficiency and poor effect. The large and medium-sized pesticide application machinery in developed countries has been developed and matured, and various modes such as traction type, suspension type and self-propelled type exist. By adopting a large number of advanced technologies, the method is safe, reliable and convenient to operate, realizes low spraying quantity, fine spraying, little pollution, high efficiency and high prevention effect, meets the requirement of environmental protection, and is difficult to adapt to the crop planting mode of China, and the foreign large and medium-sized machinery is high in use and maintenance cost. In the middle and later stages of crop growth, branches and leaves are luxuriant, and the crops such as cotton, tobacco, corn and the like are buckled layer by layer, so that a good control effect is difficult to obtain by common spraying machinery. In addition, based on the national conditions of China, the crop planting is relatively dispersed, the land is small, the crop planting row spacing is not uniform, and the existing machinery is difficult to work in the ground. Therefore, the development and operation effect is good, the method is economical and applicable, and the sprayer suitable for the national conditions in China has very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a small self-propelled high-clearance sprayer, which can adjust the wheel tread and the chassis height according to the row spacing and different growth periods of crops and improve the trafficability of a unit in the field. In the invention, the design of the gate-type spraying system can cover the liquid medicine fog drops on the middle and lower layers of the whole plant, especially the long-stalk plant (such as cotton, tobacco, corn and the like), so as to realize omnibearing three-dimensional spraying and achieve better control effect. The whole machine is small in size, flexible and convenient, and suitable for plant protection operation of small plots in China.
A small self-propelled high-clearance sprayer comprises a frame, an adjustable chassis, a spray boom spraying system, a flow control system and a transmission system.
The adjustable chassis comprises a front wheel tread adjusting device, a traveling wheel tread adjusting device and a chassis height adjusting device.
Two front wheels are symmetrically arranged in front of the frame through a front wheel mounting rack; the front wheel mounting frame is provided with a height adjusting mechanism. The front wheel mounting frame consists of an upright column at the upper part and a front wheel mounting frame at the lower part; the front wheel height adjusting mechanism comprises a first lead screw and a handle; the upright post is formed by movably sleeving two steel pipes with different lengths inside and outside; threads are arranged at the top of the internal short and thin steel pipe; the top of the first screw rod is connected with the handle, and the bottom of the first screw rod is connected with the screw thread; rotating the handle and the screw rod to rotate so as to drive the thinner steel pipe to move up and down; the bottom of the thin steel pipe is connected with a front wheel mounting rack, and the front wheel mounting rack is used for mounting a front wheel; the height of the stand column can be adjusted by rotating the handle to adjust the forward and reverse rotation of the screw rod, so that the ground clearance at the front part of the chassis is adjusted; the height adjusting mechanism is matched with the chassis height adjusting device to complete the adjustment of the chassis height of the whole machine.
The front wheel track adjusting device comprises a fixed shaft and a front wheel supporting shaft; two ends of the fixed shaft are respectively connected with two front wheel supporting shafts; the fixed shaft is two hexagonal shafts which are nested, and the two hexagonal shafts can relatively slide to adjust the embedded depth so as to adjust the interval between the two front wheel supporting shafts, thereby adjusting the wheel distance of the two front wheels; the front wheel supporting shaft is arranged on the front wheel mounting frame.
The wheel tread adjusting devices of the travelling wheels are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the frame behind the front wheels; the wheel tread adjusting device comprises a wheel mounting frame, a wheel mounting seat, a transmission shaft and a double-cross universal joint; the travelling wheel mounting frame is arranged on the frame; the bottom of the travelling wheel mounting frame is movably provided with a travelling wheel mounting seat; meanwhile, two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively connected with the travelling wheel mounting seats on two sides in a nested manner; the travelling wheel mounting seat is used for mounting travelling wheels; the inner side of each travelling wheel is connected with a double cross universal joint; two double cross universal joints are arranged on the transmission shaft; the transmission shaft is two hexagonal shafts which are nested and installed, and the embedding depth can be adjusted by relative sliding so as to adjust the interval between the two double-cross universal joints; the wheel distance between the travelling wheels is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the two double cross universal joints; the tread of the travelling wheel is adjustable within 1-1.6 m according to the planting tread of crops.
The chassis height adjusting device comprises a height adjusting seat and a screw rod; the height adjusting seat is arranged on the travelling wheel mounting frame; the height adjusting seat and the travelling wheel mounting seat are vertically symmetrically arranged on the travelling wheel mounting frame; the height adjusting seat and the travelling wheel mounting seat move on the travelling wheel mounting frame simultaneously; the left and right positions of the height adjusting seat and the travelling wheel mounting seat on the travelling wheel mounting frame are adjustable. Each travelling wheel is connected with a chain transmission mechanism; the chain transmission mechanism comprises a chain wheel mounting plate, a chain wheel I, a chain wheel II and a chain; the chain transmission mechanism is fixed on the travelling wheel mounting seat through a chain wheel mounting plate; the chain wheel I is arranged on the walking wheel shaft; the chain wheel II is arranged on the transmission shaft; the chain wheel I and the chain wheel II are connected through a chain; two sides of the travelling wheel are respectively provided with a chain wheel mounting plate, the upper end of each chain wheel mounting plate is connected with a travelling wheel mounting seat, the lower end of each chain wheel mounting plate is connected with a travelling wheel shaft, and a fixed bending plate is connected between the two chain wheel mounting plates; a second lead screw is arranged on the height adjusting seat; the bottom end of the second lead screw is hinged with the fixed bent plate; the second screw rod rotates forwards or reversely, so that the inclination angle of the walking wheel chain transmission mechanism can be adjusted; the second screw rod is adjusted to rotate positively and negatively, the second screw rod is lengthened or shortened, and the second screw rod is used for controlling the chain transmission mechanism to rotate around the travelling wheel mounting seat so as to change the ground clearance at the rear part of the chassis, and the clearance adjustment range is 0.6-1 m;
the spray rod spraying system comprises a height adjusting rod, a spraying system and a spray rod folding mechanism.
The height adjusting rods are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the tail of the frame; the height adjusting rod is provided with an adjusting hole.
The spray boom folding mechanism adopts trusses in a connecting rod mode, and the trusses can be mutually driven to be unfolded or folded; the middle truss of the spray boom folding mechanism is movably arranged on the height adjusting rod in parallel with the ground; the middle truss is connected with different adjusting holes, so that the height of the spray rod folding mechanism from the ground can be adjusted.
The spraying system comprises a liquid medicine box, a diaphragm pump, a spray head, a gate-type spraying system and a liquid medicine pipeline; the low-pressure liquid inlet of the diaphragm pump is connected with the liquid medicine box through a liquid medicine pipeline, and the high-pressure liquid outlet of the diaphragm pump is connected with a high-pressure pipeline; the output shaft of the gasoline engine is connected with the input shaft of the diaphragm pump through a belt pulley and a belt, and the diaphragm pump is driven to work through belt transmission;
the gate-type spraying system comprises a transverse spray boom, a boom spray pipe, a spray head and a high-pressure pipeline; the transverse spray boom is arranged corresponding to each section of truss and is respectively arranged on each section of truss; a top spray head is arranged on the transverse spray rod; a boom spray pipe is vertically arranged downwards between every two top spray heads on the transverse spray rod; a boom spray nozzle is arranged on each boom spray pipe up and down; the distance between the boom nozzles on each boom nozzle and the distance between the boom nozzles are adjusted according to the row spacing of crops; the transverse spray boom and the boom spray pipe are arranged in a gate shape.
The flow control system comprises a flow control valve and a liquid medicine distributor; a flow control valve and a liquid medicine distributor are sequentially arranged on the high-pressure pipeline front and back; the diaphragm pump conveys the liquid medicine to the flow control valve through the high-pressure pipeline, and the flow and the pressure of the liquid medicine are regulated through the flow control valve according to the agronomic requirements of different crop plant protection operations; the liquid medicine distributor distributes liquid medicine flowing out of the flow control valve into multiple paths, and is respectively connected with the top spray head and the suspender spray head to perform plant protection operation;
the transmission system comprises a gearbox, a belt pulley and a belt; the gearbox is in transmission connection with the engine through a belt; the engine output shaft is connected with the gearbox input shaft through a belt pulley and a belt; after the speed change and torque change of the gearbox, power is transmitted to an output shaft of the gearbox through internal gear transmission, the output shaft of the gearbox is connected with a transmission shaft, and then a chain transmission mechanism drives travelling wheels to rotate so as to control the advancing and retreating of the whole machine; meanwhile, the engine drives the diaphragm pump to work through belt transmission to pressurize the liquid medicine.
Before entering field operation, the wheel tread and the chassis height are adjusted according to the row spacing and different growth periods of crop planting, and the invention designs a chassis wheel tread adjusting device and a chassis height adjusting device, wherein the adjusting mode is manual adjustment; can meet different crop row spacing and different period crop height, and improve the field trafficability of the machine.
During operation, the gasoline engine output shaft drives the gearbox to work through the belt and the belt pulley, power is output by the gearbox output shaft through the gearbox speed change and torque increase, the travelling wheel transmission shaft is driven to rotate, the chain wheel II is respectively driven by the two ends of the transmission shaft, the power is transmitted to the travelling wheel through the transmission chain and the chain wheel I, and the travelling wheel is controlled to advance and retreat. Meanwhile, an output shaft of the gasoline engine drives a diaphragm pump to work through a belt and a belt pulley, liquid medicine in a liquid medicine box enters the diaphragm pump through a low-pressure pipeline, the liquid medicine enters a flow control valve through a high-pressure pipeline after being pressurized by the diaphragm pump, and the liquid medicine reaches a top spray head and a boom spray head through a high-pressure medicine pipe after the pressure is regulated by the flow control valve; the liquid medicine can be sprayed simultaneously through the top spray head and the suspender spray head, and the liquid medicine can cover the whole crop, so that the omnibearing spraying of the crop is realized.
THE ADVANTAGES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
(1) The gate-type spraying system designed by the invention can effectively prevent and treat diseases and insect pests of long-stalk crops, and the liquid medicine fog drops can cover the whole plant, so that the defect that common spraying machine fog drops only cover the top of the plant and cannot effectively spray the middle and lower parts of the plant is overcome.
(2) The tread and the chassis height of the designed self-propelled high-clearance chassis can be adjusted. The wheel distance can be adjusted according to different crop row distances, so that the trafficability of the machine in the field is improved; the height of the chassis can be adjusted according to different heights of crops in different growth periods, so that the damage of the machine to the crop plants is prevented.
(3) The invention has small volume, light weight, maximum wheel track of 1.6m, small volume compared with a self-propelled sprayer with a cab, no complex transmission and hydraulic system, smaller engine power and light weight, is suitable for small land areas in China, saves energy sources, reduces compaction of the land, and is convenient and flexible.
The invention can adjust the spraying height of the liquid medicine according to actual needs, and is suitable for different growth periods of crops.
The spray boom adopts the trusses in the form of the connecting rods, and the trusses can be mutually driven to be unfolded or folded, so that the spray boom is convenient to transport, simplifies the structure and reduces the operation cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall machine of a small self-propelled high-clearance sprayer;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a portal spray system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram I of a small self-propelled high-clearance sprayer chassis;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram II of a small self-propelled high-clearance sprayer chassis;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall transmission system of a small self-propelled high-clearance sprayer;
in the figure: 1. the hydraulic system comprises a diaphragm pump, 2, a flow control valve, 3, a gasoline engine, 4, a handrail assembly, 5, a handrail adjusting device, 6, a boom nozzle, 7, a left lateral boom, 8, a boom left truss, 9, a boom middle truss, 10, a middle lateral boom, 11, a height adjusting rod, 12, a boom folding mechanism, 13, a boom right truss, 14, a high-pressure medicine pipe, 15, a right lateral boom, 16, a top nozzle, 17, a boom nozzle, 18, a front wheel height adjusting mechanism, 19, a front wheel track adjusting mechanism, 20, a liquid medicine box, 21, a driving wheel height adjusting mechanism, 22, a driving wheel track adjusting mechanism, 23, a gearbox and 24, 25, front wheel support shaft, 26, road wheel mounting bracket, 27, lead screw two, 28, height adjustment seat, 29, road wheel mounting seat, 30, chain drive mechanism, 31, road wheel, 32, double cross universal joint, 33, drive shaft, 34, front wheel, 35, front wheel mounting bracket, 36, track adjustment mechanism, 37, fixed bend plate, 38, gearbox pulley, 39, gearbox input shaft, 40, gearbox belt, 41, engine output shaft, 42, engine pulley, 43, diaphragm pump belt, 44, diaphragm pump pulley, 45, diaphragm pump input shaft, 46, sprocket I,47, chain, 48, sprocket II,49.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment takes ten-row crop plant protection operation as an example, and can spray ten-row crops at the same time.
Before entering field operation, the wheel span of the sprayer is adjusted according to the row spacing of crop planting, the wheel span adjusting range is 1-1.6 m, the fixing bolts of the height adjusting seat 28 and the travelling wheel mounting seat 29 which are arranged on the travelling wheel mounting frame 26 are loosened, the height adjusting seat 28 and the travelling wheel mounting seat can be simultaneously and horizontally slidingly adjusted on the travelling wheel mounting frame 26, then the fixing pin on the travelling wheel transmission shaft 33 is opened, the travelling wheel transmission shaft 33 is in nested connection with the mounting shaft of the double-cross universal joint 32, the embedded depth can be adjusted, a plurality of through holes are formed in one end of the mounting shaft and matched with the through holes of the transmission shaft 33, and the two are fixedly connected through the fixing pin. According to the crop planting row spacing, the two-side travelling wheels 31 are inwards or outwards adjusted through the wheel spacing adjusting device, the bolts and the fixing pins are fastened after the adjustment is completed, and the wheel spacing adjustment of the travelling wheels 31 is completed. The fixing bolt at the front wheel tread adjusting mechanism 36 is loosened, the front wheel supporting shaft 25 is a hexagonal shaft, is in nested connection with the fixing shaft at the tread adjusting mechanism 36, and the embedded depth can be adjusted and is fixed by the bolt. According to the tread requirement, the two front wheels 34 are adjusted inwards or outwards, the bolts are fastened after the adjustment is completed, and the tread adjustment between the front wheels 34 is completed.
The heights of crops in different growth periods are different, and the chassis is adjusted to be high according to the heights of the crops, so that the trafficability of the unit in the field is improved. The chassis height adjusting device comprises a height adjusting seat 28 and a screw rod 27; the height adjustment seat 28 is mounted on the running wheel mounting frame 26; the height adjusting seat 28 and the travelling wheel mounting seat 29 are vertically symmetrically arranged on the travelling wheel mounting frame 26; the height adjusting seat 28 and the travelling wheel mounting seat 29 move on the travelling wheel mounting frame 26 at the same time; the left and right positions of the height adjusting seat 28 and the travelling wheel mounting seat 29 on the travelling wheel mounting frame 26 can be adjusted simultaneously; each traveling wheel 31 is connected with a chain transmission mechanism 30; the chain transmission mechanism 30 comprises a sprocket mounting plate, a sprocket I46, a sprocket II48 and a chain 47; the chain transmission mechanism 30 is fixed on the running wheel mounting seat 29 through a sprocket mounting plate; the chain wheel I46 is arranged on the walking wheel shaft; the chain wheel II48 is arranged on the transmission shaft 33; sprocket I46 and sprocket II48 are connected by chain 47; two sides of the travelling wheel 31 are respectively provided with a chain wheel mounting plate, the upper end of the chain wheel mounting plate is connected with a travelling wheel mounting seat 29, the lower end of the chain wheel mounting plate is connected with a travelling wheel shaft, and a fixed bent plate 37 is connected between the two chain wheel mounting plates; the fixed bending plate 37 is fixed on the sprocket mounting plate; the height adjusting seat 28 is provided with a second lead screw 27; the bottom end of the second screw rod 27 is hinged with a fixed bent plate 37; the second screw rod 27 rotates forward or backward, so that the inclination angle of the traveling wheel chain transmission mechanism 30 can be adjusted; the second screw rod 27 is adjusted to rotate positively and negatively, the length of the second screw rod 27 is lengthened or shortened, and the second screw rod is used for controlling the chain transmission mechanism 30 to rotate around the installation seat of the travelling wheel 31 so as to change the ground clearance at the rear part of the chassis, wherein the clearance adjustment range is 0.6-1 m;
the ground clearance at the front part of the chassis can be adjusted by adjusting the handle on the height adjusting mechanism 24 of the front wheel 34, so that the ground clearance at the front and back parts of the chassis is the same, and the adjustment of the chassis height of the whole machine is completed.
The boom spraying system adopts trusses in a connecting rod mode, can be mutually driven to be unfolded or folded, the boom folding mechanism 12 adopts manual mechanical folding, the trusses 813 on the left side and the right side are unfolded before working, and simultaneously boom crossbeams correspondingly fixed on the trusses are unfolded. When the engine is in operation, the output shaft 41 of the gasoline engine 3 drives the gearbox 23 to operate through the belt 40, the engine belt pulley 42 and the gearbox belt pulley 38, power is output by the gearbox output shaft 49 through speed change and torque increase of the gearbox 23, the transmission shaft 33 is driven to rotate, the two ends of the transmission shaft respectively drive the chain wheels II48, the power is transmitted to the travelling wheels 31 through the chain 47 and the chain wheels I46, and the travelling wheels are controlled to advance and retreat. Meanwhile, an output shaft 41 of the gasoline engine 3 drives a diaphragm pump 1 to work through a belt 43, an engine belt pulley 42 and a diaphragm pump 44, the diaphragm pump sucks liquid medicine from a liquid medicine tank 20, the liquid medicine enters a flow control valve 2 through a high-pressure pipeline after being pressurized by the diaphragm pump 1, after the pressure is regulated by the flow control valve, the liquid medicine reaches a top spray head 16 and a boom spray head 17 through a high-pressure medicine pipe 14 and a liquid medicine distributor, the top spray head 16 and the boom spray head 17 work simultaneously, the liquid medicine can cover the whole crop, and the omnibearing spraying of the crop is realized. The suspender is flexible hose, reduces the harm to plant leaf.
According to different crop growth periods, the spray boom spraying system can be adjusted up and down, the height adjusting rod 11 is fixed in a bolt connection mode, and the connection position of the adjusting hole of the height adjusting rod 11 and the middle truss is changed according to actual needs, so that the spray boom spraying system can be adjusted up and down.
In the embodiment, ten rows of crop plant protection operation are taken as an example, and the number of rows of the plant protection operation is not limited to ten rows, can be increased or reduced according to actual needs, and can be applied to plant protection operation of high-stalk crops such as cotton, tobacco, corn and the like.
Claims (5)
1. A small self-propelled high-clearance sprayer comprises a frame and a transmission system; the method is characterized in that: also comprises an adjustable
Chassis, boom spray system and flow control system;
the adjustable chassis comprises a front wheel tread adjusting device, a traveling wheel tread adjusting device and a chassis height adjusting device;
two front wheels are symmetrically arranged in front of the frame through a front wheel mounting rack; the front wheel mounting frame is provided with a height adjusting mechanism; the front wheel mounting frame consists of an upright column at the upper part and a front wheel mounting frame at the lower part; the front wheel height adjusting mechanism comprises a first lead screw and a handle; the upright post is formed by movably sleeving two steel pipes with different lengths inside and outside; the top of the internal short and thin steel pipe is provided with threads, the top of the first lead screw is connected with the handle, and the bottom of the first lead screw is connected with the threads; the bottom of the short and thin steel pipe is connected with a front wheel mounting frame, and the front wheel mounting frame is used for mounting a front wheel; rotating the handle, adjusting the screw rod to rotate forward or reversely to drive the short and thin steel pipe to move up and down, and adjusting the height of the upright post, thereby adjusting the ground clearance at the front part of the chassis; the height adjusting mechanism is matched with the chassis height adjusting device to finish the adjustment of the chassis height of the whole machine;
the front wheel track adjusting device comprises a fixed shaft and a front wheel supporting shaft; two ends of the fixed shaft are respectively connected with two front wheel supporting shafts; the fixed shaft is two hexagonal shafts which are nested, and the two hexagonal shafts can relatively slide to adjust the embedded depth so as to adjust the interval between the two front wheel supporting shafts, thereby adjusting the wheel distance of the two front wheels; the front wheel supporting shaft is arranged on the front wheel mounting frame;
the wheel tread adjusting devices of the travelling wheels are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the frame behind the front wheels; the wheel tread adjusting device comprises a wheel mounting frame, a wheel mounting seat, a transmission shaft and a double-cross universal joint; the travelling wheel mounting frame is arranged on the frame; the bottom of the travelling wheel mounting frame is movably provided with a travelling wheel mounting seat; meanwhile, two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively connected with the travelling wheel mounting seats on two sides in a nested manner; the travelling wheel mounting seat is used for mounting travelling wheels; the inner side of each travelling wheel is connected with a double cross universal joint; two double cross universal joints are arranged on the transmission shaft; the transmission shaft is two hexagonal shafts which are nested and installed, and the embedding depth can be adjusted by relative sliding so as to adjust the interval between the two double-cross universal joints; the wheel distance between the travelling wheels is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the two double cross universal joints;
the chassis height adjusting device comprises a height adjusting seat and a screw rod II; the height adjusting seat is arranged on the travelling wheel mounting frame; the height adjusting seat and the travelling wheel mounting seat are vertically symmetrically arranged on the travelling wheel mounting frame; the height adjusting seat and the travelling wheel mounting seat move on the travelling wheel mounting frame simultaneously; the left and right positions of the height adjusting seat and the travelling wheel mounting seat on the travelling wheel mounting frame are adjustable; each travelling wheel is connected with a chain transmission mechanism; the chain transmission mechanism comprises a chain wheel mounting plate, a chain wheel I, a chain wheel II and a chain; the chain transmission mechanism is fixed on the travelling wheel mounting seat through a chain wheel mounting plate; the chain wheel I is arranged on the walking wheel shaft; the chain wheel II is arranged on the transmission shaft; the chain wheel I and the chain wheel II are connected through a chain; two sides of the travelling wheel are respectively provided with a chain wheel mounting plate, the upper end of each chain wheel mounting plate is connected with a travelling wheel mounting seat, the lower end of each chain wheel mounting plate is connected with a travelling wheel shaft, and a fixed bending plate is connected between the two chain wheel mounting plates; a second lead screw is arranged on the height adjusting seat; the bottom end of the second lead screw is hinged with the fixed bent plate; the second screw rod rotates forwards or reversely, so that the inclination angle of the walking wheel chain transmission mechanism can be adjusted; the second screw rod is adjusted to rotate positively and negatively, the second screw rod is lengthened or shortened, and the second screw rod is used for controlling the chain transmission mechanism to rotate around the travelling wheel mounting seat so as to change the ground clearance at the rear part of the chassis;
the spray rod spraying system comprises a height adjusting rod, a spraying system and a spray rod folding mechanism;
the height adjusting rods are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the tail of the frame; the height adjusting rod is provided with an adjusting hole;
the spray boom folding mechanism adopts trusses in a connecting rod mode, and the trusses can be mutually driven to be unfolded or folded; the middle truss of the spray boom folding mechanism is movably arranged on the height adjusting rods on two sides in parallel with the ground;
the spraying system comprises a liquid medicine box, a diaphragm pump, a spray head, a gate-type spraying system and a liquid medicine pipeline; diaphragm pump low-pressure liquid inlet
The port is connected with a liquid medicine box through a liquid medicine pipeline, and a high-pressure liquid outlet of the diaphragm pump is connected with a high-pressure pipeline; the output shaft of the gasoline engine is connected with the input shaft of the diaphragm pump through a belt pulley and a belt, and the diaphragm pump is driven to work through belt transmission;
the gate-type spraying system comprises a transverse spray boom, a boom spray pipe, a spray head and a high-pressure pipeline; the transverse spray boom and each section of truss
The frames are correspondingly arranged and respectively arranged on each section of truss; a top spray head is arranged on the transverse spray rod; a boom spray pipe is vertically arranged downwards between every two top spray heads on the transverse spray rod; a boom spray nozzle is arranged on each boom spray pipe up and down; the spray head is connected with a liquid medicine box through a liquid medicine pipeline;
the flow control system comprises a flow control valve and a liquid medicine distributor; a flow control valve and a liquid medicine distributor are sequentially arranged on the high-pressure pipeline front and back; the diaphragm pump conveys the liquid medicine to the flow control valve through the high-pressure pipeline, and the flow and the pressure of the liquid medicine are regulated through the flow control valve according to the agronomic requirements of different crop plant protection operations; the liquid medicine distributor distributes liquid medicine flowing out of the flow control valve into multiple paths, and is respectively connected with the top nozzle and the boom nozzle;
the transverse spray bars can be folded or unfolded;
the distance between the top spray heads and the upper and lower positions of the suspender spray heads are adjustable;
the distance between the two boom nozzles is adjustable;
the spray heads on the two boom spray pipes on two sides of each planting row are symmetrically arranged relatively; spray heads on two boom spray pipes which are oppositely arranged spray the crops in each row from left and right directions.
2. A compact self-propelled high clearance sprayer according to claim 1, wherein: the tread of the travelling wheel is adjustable within 1-1.6 m according to the planting tread of crops.
3. A compact self-propelled high clearance sprayer according to claim 1, wherein: separation of the rear part of the chassis
The ground clearance adjustment range is 0.6-1 m.
4. A compact self-propelled high clearance sprayer according to claim 1, wherein: the middle truss passes through
Is connected with different adjusting holes, and adjusts the height of the spray rod folding mechanism from the ground.
5. A compact self-propelled high clearance sprayer according to claim 1, wherein: the transmission system comprises
Gearbox, pulley and belt; the gearbox is in transmission connection with the engine through a belt; the engine output shaft is connected with the gearbox input shaft through a belt pulley and a belt; after the speed change and torque change of the gearbox, power is transmitted to an output shaft of the gearbox through internal gear transmission, the output shaft of the gearbox is connected with a transmission shaft, and then a chain transmission mechanism drives travelling wheels to rotate so as to control the advancing and retreating of the whole machine; meanwhile, the engine drives the diaphragm pump to work through belt transmission to pressurize the liquid medicine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810827271.2A CN108684644B (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | Small self-propelled high-clearance sprayer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810827271.2A CN108684644B (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | Small self-propelled high-clearance sprayer |
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| CN108684644A CN108684644A (en) | 2018-10-23 |
| CN108684644B true CN108684644B (en) | 2023-08-29 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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