CN108684245A - Rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure and construction method - Google Patents
Rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108684245A CN108684245A CN201810827310.9A CN201810827310A CN108684245A CN 108684245 A CN108684245 A CN 108684245A CN 201810827310 A CN201810827310 A CN 201810827310A CN 108684245 A CN108684245 A CN 108684245A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 139
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 32
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000283073 Equus caballus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000234643 Festuca arundinacea Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000002066 Amorpha fruticosa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000004047 Amorpha fruticosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000723366 Coreopsis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000000604 Lespedeza bicolor Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000016677 Lespedeza bicolor Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000218394 Magnolia liliiflora Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0037—Clays
- E02D2300/0039—Clays mixed with additives
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure and construction methods, are related to side slope recovery technique field.The rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure, pass through being equipped with for the specific structures such as overburden layer, the first protective layer, base and plantation layer, slope stability can effectively be enhanced, realize the restoration of the ecosystem to rubble body slope surface, greatly reduce required earthing amount, improves caused by carrying out plant setting using direct earthing in the prior art the technical issues of earthing layer thickness is high, big, the native source of earth volume can not ensure;In addition, the rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure can realize rubble body slope surface and administer on the spot, remove rubble from and clears expense, cost is substantially reduced, improves and the technical problem that limited, transportation range is remote, cleaning landed cost is high is stacked caused by rubble body slope surface carries out cleaning carrying using machinery in the prior art.The present invention also provides a kind of construction methods of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to side slope recovery technique field, in particular to a kind of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure and
Construction method.
Background technology
With the quickening and expanding economy of city-building, people dramatically increase the utilization of building stones rock material resource.
The exploitation in stone pit seriously destroys massif natural vegetation and soil, forms a large amount of bare rock slopes, causes landscape fragmented
Broken, soil erosion aggravation, ecological functions are lost, and ecological environment is seriously damaged.Meanwhile the rubble that quarrying is discarded in the process
Slope is due to unstability structure, it may occur however that the geological disasters such as landslide, avalanche, the lives and properties to resident and means of transportation peace
It causes to seriously threaten entirely.
In the prior art, general that cleaning carrying is carried out to rubble body slope surface using machinery, or using direct Casing ways into
Row plant setting.But since rubble concentration is stacked, limited, transportation range is remote, causes cleaning landed cost higher;Directly cover
Soil carries out plant setting due to higher to overburden layer thickness requirement, causes earth volume big, native source can not ensure.
In view of this, special propose the present invention at least one of to solve the above technical problems.
Invention content
First of the present invention is designed to provide a kind of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure, passes through setting for specific structure
It sets, can effectively enhance the security and stability of rubble body slope surface, realize the restoration of the ecosystem to it, while can also be to rubble body slope surface
Realization is administered on the spot, is removed rubble from and is cleared expense, substantially reduces cost.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of construction method of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure.
In order to realize that the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy use following technical scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structures, include from the inside to the outside successively in rubble body slope surface
The overburden layer of setting, the first protective layer, base, plantation layer and optionally the second protective layer.
Further, on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, the thickness of the overburden layer is 2-10cm;
Preferably, the overburden layer is mainly made of following raw material:Loam, turfy soil, sawdust, organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent;
It is further preferred that the overburden layer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:420-560 parts of loam, grass
0.03-0.06 parts of 30-45 parts of charcoal soil, 20-35 parts of sawdust, 1.0-7.8 parts of organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent.
Further, on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, first protective layer is three dimension geotechnical gauze pad, described
First protective layer is covered on overburden layer.
Further, on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, the thickness of the base is 10-15cm;
Preferably, the base is mainly made of following raw material:It is loam, wood-fibred, adhesive, water-retaining agent, composite fertilizer, micro-
Bio-bacterial manure and water;
It is further preferred that the base is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:320-430 parts of loam, wood are fine
1-3 parts of dimension, 0.04-0.07 parts of adhesive, 0.03-0.06 parts of water-retaining agent, composite fertilizer 1.8-6.0 parts, microbial-bacterial fertilizer 0.02-
0.06 part and 160-200 parts of water.
Further, on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, the thickness of the plantation layer is 3-5cm;
Preferably, the plantation layer is mainly made of following raw material:Loam, seed, adhesive, water-retaining agent, is answered at wood-fibred
Hefei, microbial-bacterial fertilizer and water;
It is further preferred that the plantation layer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:320-430 parts of loam, wood
1-3 parts of fiber, 28-36 parts of seed, 0.04-0.07 parts of adhesive, 0.03-0.06 parts of water-retaining agent, composite fertilizer 1.8-6.0 parts, it is micro-
160-200 parts of 0.02-0.06 parts of bio-bacterial manure and water.
Further, on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, the seed is shrub seed;
Preferably, the shrub seed includes false indigo, shrub lespedeza, the twigs of the chaste tree, Festuca Arundinacea, horse spine, short bar coreopsis, spends more
A kind of in lily magnolia or alfalfa or at least two combination.
Further, on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, the base and/or plantation layer to be formed through sowing grass seeds by duster.
Further, on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, second protective layer is nonwoven layer.
The present invention also provides a kind of construction methods of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure, include the following steps:
Planting soil is covered in rubble body slope surface, forms overburden layer;
First protective layer is laid on overburden layer, then sets gradually base on one side far from overburden layer in the first protective layer
Layer, plantation layer and optionally the second protective layer.
Further, on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, the thickness of the overburden layer is 2-10cm;
And/or the thickness of the base is 10-15cm;
And/or the thickness of the plantation layer is 3-5cm.
Compared with prior art, rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure and construction method provided by the invention have following excellent
Gesture:
(1) the present invention provides a kind of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structures, include from the inside to the outside in rubble body slope surface
Overburden layer, the first protective layer, base, plantation layer and optionally the second protective layer set gradually, wherein overburden layer, first prevent
Being equipped with for the specific structures such as sheath, base and plantation layer, can effectively enhance slope stability, realize to rubble body slope surface
Restoration of the ecosystem greatly reduces required earthing amount, improves caused by carrying out plant setting using direct earthing in the prior art
The technical issues of earthing layer thickness is high, big, the native source of earth volume can not ensure;In addition, the rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure energy
It is enough that the realization of rubble body slope surface is administered on the spot, remove rubble from and clear expense, substantially reduce cost, improves and use in the prior art
Machinery stacks the technology that limited, transportation range is remote, cleaning landed cost is high caused by rubble body slope surface carries out cleaning carrying
Problem.
(2) the present invention provides a kind of construction method of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure, which can be right
The realization of rubble body slope surface is administered on the spot, is removed rubble from and is cleared expense, and easy for construction, at low cost, short construction period, can be in short-term
Interior restoration of the ecosystem of the completion to rubble body slope surface, is formed by rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure safety and stability, have compared with
Good application prospect.
Description of the drawings
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described, it should be apparent that, in being described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, other drawings may also be obtained based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram before rubble body slope leveling of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram after rubble body slope leveling of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of rubble body slope surface (the 15th day) after the present invention administers;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of rubble body slope surface (the 40th day) after the present invention administers.
Reference numeral:
10- rubble body slope surfaces;20- overburden layers;The first protective layers of 30-;31- anchoring pieces;40- bases;50- kinds plant layer;60-
Second protective layer.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is
The conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure, in rubble body slope surface 10
Upper includes the overburden layer 20 set gradually from the inside to the outside, the first protective layer 30, base 40, plantation layer 50 and the optionally second protection
Layer 60, it is specific as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
Rubble body slope surface 10 is to carry out slope surface smooth, after compaction treatment by machinery.There is bulk stone high spot to need
Plant biological bag is piled up in its surrounding, so that slope surface smoothes out as possible.
Since rubble body slope surface 10 is full of gap, there are the factors of instability, therefore are initially coated in rubble body slope surface 10
Planting soil forms overburden layer 20, forms the planting soil of overburden layer 20 and can adequately fill up rubble body gap, can enhance slope stability
Property, promote to prick under later stage root system of plant, is conducive to the growth of plant, in addition, the setting of overburden layer 20 can also reduce base 40
Thickness, it is not only cost-saved but also can accelerate construction progress.
First protective layer 30 is set in one side of the overburden layer 20 far from rubble body slope surface 10, and surface can be effectively prevent native
The sliding of rock layers, to realize the purpose to 10 protective reinforcing of rubble body slope surface.The material of first protective layer 30 is not made to have
Body limits, as long as can meet the effect of protective reinforcing.Under normal conditions, the first protective layer 30 can be selected from metal mesh, three-dimensional
Geotechnological gauze pad or other materials.
Base 40, plantation layer 50 are arranged at side of first protective layer 30 far from rubble body slope surface 10, and base 40 is arranged
Between the first protective layer 30 and plantation layer 50.The setting of base 40 and plantation layer 50, can be by forming plant to rubble body
Slope surface 10 carries out restoration of the ecosystem.
The setting of second protective layer 60 is not required, and can be arranged, and can not also be arranged.
If set, the second protective layer 60 is set to side of the plantation layer 50 far from base 40.Second protective layer 60
Mainly plantation layer 50 is conserved, is conducive to the growth for planting seed in layer 50.
For overburden layer 20, the first protective layer 30, base 40, plantation layer 50 and optionally the second protective layer 60 thickness not
Make specific restriction, can be configured according to actual needs.
The 10 revegetation structure of rubble body slope surface can realize rubble body slope surface 10 and administer on the spot, remove rubble from and clear
Expense substantially reduces cost, improves in the prior art using the mechanical heap caused by rubble body slope surface 10 carries out cleaning carrying
Put the technical problem that limited, transportation range is remote, cleaning landed cost is high.
Meanwhile overburden layer 20, the first protective layer 30, base 40 and the plantation specific structures such as layer 50 are equipped with, and can be had
The security and stability of effect enhancing rubble body slope surface 10, realizes the restoration of the ecosystem to it, while greatly reducing required earthing amount, changes
Be apt to overburden layer 20 thickness caused by carrying out plant setting using direct earthing in the prior art is high, big, the native source of earth volume can not
The technical issues of guarantee.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the overburden layer 20 is 2-10cm, preferably 3-9cm, into
One step is preferably 4-8cm.The thickness of typical but non-limiting overburden layer 20 be 2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, 8cm,
9cm or 10cm.
The thickness of overburden layer 20 described herein is regarded as the height that overburden layer 20 is higher than rubble body slope surface 10.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is mainly made of following raw material:Loam, turf
Soil, sawdust, organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent;
Preferably, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:420-560 parts of loam, turfy soil 30-
0.03-0.06 parts of 45 parts, 20-35 parts of sawdust, 1.0-7.8 parts of organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent.
The quality of loam is between clay and sand, the advantages of having clay and sand concurrently, venting and water permeable, water conservation heat insulating ability
It can all preferably.The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of loam be 420 parts, 440 parts, 450 parts, 460 parts, 480 parts, 500 parts,
520 parts, 540 parts, 550 parts or 560 parts.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of turfy soil be 30 parts, 32 parts, 34 parts, 35 parts, 36 parts, 38 parts, 40 parts, 42
Part, 44 parts or 45 parts.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of sawdust be 20 parts, 22 parts, 24 parts, 25 parts, 26 parts, 28 parts, 30 parts, 32
Part, 34 parts or 35 parts.
Organic fertilizer can be decomposed farm manure (cow dung, sheep manure).The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of organic fertilizer are
1.0 parts, 1.5 parts, 2.0 parts, 2.5 parts, 3.0 parts, 3.5 parts, 4.0 parts, 4.5 parts, 5.0 parts, 5.5 parts, 6.0 parts, 6.5 parts, 7.0 parts
Or 7.8 parts.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of water-retaining agent are 0.03 part, 0.04 part, 0.05 part or 0.06 part.
Pass through the restriction to the specific raw material of overburden layer and dosage so that its good physical and chemical properties, short texture, ventilation are protected
Water, fertilizer-preserving ability are strong, are suitable for the growth of plant.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first protective layer 30 is three dimension geotechnical gauze pad, the first protective layer 30
It is covered on overburden layer 20.
Three dimension geotechnical gauze pad is the gauze pad like sponge gourd network sample for a kind of three-dimensional structure of the solid soil of grass planting, and quality is dredged
Loose, flexible, there are 90% spaces can fill soil, grit and microlith, and root system of plant can be therebetween through comfortable, neat, equal
The growth of weighing apparatus, the turf after growing up to make gauze pad, turf, earth surfaces be firmly combined together, form one layer it is firm green
Color composite protection layer.
It is fixedly connected by anchoring piece 31 between first protective layer 30 and overburden layer 20.Preferably, anchoring piece 31 is U-shaped
Nail.
When the first protective layer 30 using three dimension geotechnical gauze pad when, three dimension geotechnical gauze pad can be used it is U-shaped nail every 0.5-2m into
Line misregistration is fixed on overburden layer 20, prevents three dimension geotechnical gauze pad from shifting.Two adjacent three dimension geotechnical gauze pads mutually overlap, and overlap joint is wide
Degree is not less than 10cm, is used in combination U-shaped nail that fixation is encrypted.The nail length of U-shaped nail is not especially limited, preferably 6-12cm, into one
Step is preferably 8-10cm, and U-shaped nail material is steel.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the base 40 is 10-15cm, preferably 10.5-
14.5cm, further preferably 10-14cm.The thickness of typical but non-limiting base 40 be 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm,
14cm or 15cm.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is mainly made of following raw material:Loam, wood-fibred,
Adhesive, water-retaining agent, composite fertilizer, microbial-bacterial fertilizer and water;
Preferably, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:320-430 parts of loam, wood-fibred 1-3
Part, 0.04-0.07 parts of adhesive, 0.03-0.06 parts of water-retaining agent, composite fertilizer 1.8-6.0 parts, 0.02-0.06 parts of microbial-bacterial fertilizer
With 160-200 parts of water.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of loam be 320 parts, 340 parts, 350 parts, 360 parts, 380 parts, 400 parts, 420
Part or 430 parts.
Wood-fibred can be sawdust, peanut shell, rice chaff, straw etc., preferably peanut shell.Wood-fibred is typical but non-limiting
Parts by weight be 1.0 parts, 1.5 parts, 2.0 parts, 2.5 parts or 3.0 parts.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of adhesive be 0.04 part, 0.045 part, 0.05 part, 0.055 part, 0.06 part,
0.065 part or 0.07 part.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of water-retaining agent are 0.03 part, 0.04 part, 0.05 part or 0.06 part.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of composite fertilizer be 1.8 parts, 2.0 parts, 2.5 parts, 3.0 parts, 3.5 parts, 4.0 parts,
4.5 parts, 5.0 parts, 5.5 parts or 6.0 parts.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of microbial-bacterial fertilizer are 0.02 part, 0.03 part, 0.04 part, 0.05 part or 0.06
Part.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of water be 160 parts, 165 parts, 170 parts, 175 parts, 180 parts, 185 parts, 190
Part, 195 parts or 200 parts.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of plantation layer 50 is 3-5cm.Typical but non-limiting kind
The thickness for planting layer 50 is 3cm, 4cm or 5cm.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is mainly made of following raw material:Loam, wood are fine
Dimension, seed, adhesive, water-retaining agent, composite fertilizer, microbial-bacterial fertilizer and water;
Preferably, the plantation layer 50 is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:320-430 parts of loam, wood-fibred
1-3 parts, 28-36 parts of seed, 0.04-0.07 parts of adhesive, 0.03-0.06 parts of water-retaining agent, composite fertilizer 1.8-6.0 parts, microorganism
160-200 parts of 0.02-0.06 parts of bacterial manure and water.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of loam be 320 parts, 340 parts, 350 parts, 360 parts, 380 parts, 400 parts, 420
Part or 430 parts.
Wood-fibred can be sawdust, peanut shell, rice chaff, straw etc., preferably peanut shell.Wood-fibred is typical but non-limiting
Parts by weight be 1.0 parts, 1.5 parts, 2.0 parts, 2.5 parts or 3.0 parts.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of seed are 28 parts, 29 parts, 30 parts, 31 parts, 32 parts, 33 parts, 34 parts, 35 parts
Or 36 parts.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of adhesive be 0.04 part, 0.045 part, 0.05 part, 0.055 part, 0.06 part,
0.065 part or 0.07 part.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of water-retaining agent are 0.03 part, 0.04 part, 0.05 part or 0.06 part.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of composite fertilizer be 1.8 parts, 2.0 parts, 2.5 parts, 3.0 parts, 3.5 parts, 4.0 parts,
4.5 parts, 5.0 parts, 5.5 parts or 6.0 parts.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of microbial-bacterial fertilizer are 0.02 part, 0.03 part, 0.04 part, 0.05 part or 0.06
Part.
The typical but non-limiting parts by weight of water be 160 parts, 165 parts, 170 parts, 175 parts, 180 parts, 185 parts, 190
Part, 195 parts or 200 parts.
It should be noted that water-retaining agent, adhesive, composite fertilizer, microbial bacteria employed in base 40 and plantation layer 50
Agent is raw material commonly used in the art, can be voluntarily prepared, or outer available.For example, water-retaining agent can be selected in Zhengzhou City
The special water-retaining agent of sowing grass seeds by duster of the former prosperous industrial chemicals in area firm production, adhesive select sowing grass seeds by duster for the chemical plant Renqiu City Lv Feng production
Adhesive specially, composite fertilizer are purchased from Anhui Wuwei County flower fertilizer factory, and microbial bacterial agent is purchased from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
The product of agricultural resource and agricultural regionalization research institute.
Pass through the restriction to specific raw materials and consumption in base 40 and plantation layer 50 so that base 40 and plantation layer 50 more have
Conducive to seed or the subsequent growth of plant.
According to 50 property of base 40 or plantation layer, local climate condition, execution conditions and combine various plant growth characteristics
Select vegetable seeds.As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, seed is shrub seed;
Preferably, shrub seed includes false indigo, shrub lespedeza, the twigs of the chaste tree, Festuca Arundinacea, horse spine, short bar coreopsis, spends more lily magnolia
Or a kind of in alfalfa or at least two combination.
Pass through the specific restriction to Bamboo resource so that its more suitable for base 40 and plantation layer 50 in growth, and
Reach ideal afforestation effect in a relatively short period of time.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, base 40 and/or plantation layer 50 to be formed through sowing grass seeds by duster.
It is a kind of new technique suitable for the higher geotechnical slope of rate of decay and native horsestone slope greening to sow grass seeds by duster, mainly
That the organic substrates such as seed, water-retaining agent are ejected into slope surface using special spraying machine, organic substrate under the effect of the pressure with
Slope surface is combined closely, and one layer of hypothallus for growth and development of plants is formed.
Due to the characteristic of spray seeding technique so that sowing grass seeds by duster to form base 40 and/or plantation layer 50 and rubble body slope surface 10 can
It combines closely, improves 10 soil condition of rubble body slope surface, be conducive to the raising of its stability.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second protective layer 60 is nonwoven layer.
Nonwoven layer is fixed on plantation layer surface using bamboo nail, can be fixed using bamboo nail every 30-60cm, nonwoven
Cloth overlapping width is not less than 5cm;Non-woven fabrics should reserve each 20cm of redundancy and fixation compact with soil in top of the slope, hillside fields, wait for seedling
When growing to 5-6cm or 2-3 piece leaves, non-woven fabrics is taken off.
Can also be sunshade stratum reticulare or straw screen or mat layer in addition to using nonwoven layer, the second protective layer 60.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of construction method of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure is additionally provided,
Include the following steps:
Planting soil is covered in rubble body slope surface, forms overburden layer;
First protective layer is laid on overburden layer, then sets gradually base on one side far from overburden layer in the first protective layer
Layer, plantation layer and optionally the second protective layer.
The construction method of the rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure is simple, easy, can realize rubble body slope in a short time
The restoration of the ecosystem in face, and keep the stability of rubble body slope surface.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, before covering planting soil in rubble body slope surface, further including will be broken
Stone body slope surface carries out smooth step, i.e., carrying out smooth rammer to rubble body slope surface by machinery presses, and so that slope surface is smoothed out as possible.It is smooth
Rubble body slope surface schematic diagram difference after preceding and smooth is as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of overburden layer is 2-10cm;
And/or the thickness of the base is 10-15cm;
And/or the thickness of the plantation layer is 3-5cm.
As the present invention a kind of preferred embodiment, the construction method of the rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure, including
Following steps:
(a) slope leveling:Smooth rammer is carried out to rubble body slope surface to press, so that slope surface is smoothed out as possible by machinery;
(b) overburden layer is formed:Planting soil is covered in rubble body slope surface, keeps planting soil and rubble body slope surface surface layer abundant
Contact is full of the gap of rubble body slope surface;The thickness of overburden layer is 2-10cm;
(c) the first protective layer is formed:First protective layer is unfolded to cover from top to bottom along rubble body slope surface top edge, it is ensured that
Smooth-going is kept between first protective layer and rubble body slope surface, is used in combination staple to misplace every 1m and is fixed, prevents from shifting;Two adjacent first
Mutually overlap joint control overlaps sequence consensus, and fixation is encrypted using staple in 5~10cm or so between protective layer;
(d) base and plantation layer are formed:Hydroseeder is selected to carry out base respectively and sow grass seeds by duster and plant layer sowing grass seeds by duster, sowing grass seeds by duster sequentially is
From top to bottom, holding is sowed grass seeds by duster as far as possible, and face is uniform, and injection 3~4 times repeatedly continue to spray, until base after matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster is stablized
Layer reaches 10~15cm;Injection plantation layer in base after stabilization, injection method is identical as base, and thickness is 3~5cm;
(e) it conserves:The completion of sowing grass seeds by duster of rubble body slope surface covers the second protective layer after 2~3 days, and bamboo nail is used every 30-60cm
It is fixed, the second protective layer overlapping width is not less than 5cm;Second protective layer should reserve each 10- of redundancy in top of the slope, bottom of slope
30cm and fixation compact with soil take the second protective layer off when seedling grows to 5-6cm or 2-3 piece leaves.
Restoration of the ecosystem can be carried out for rubble body slope surface using above-mentioned construction method, it is however generally that 30-50 days or so can
It wins initial success, it is specific such as Figures 5 and 6.
Pass through the specific restriction to each step of construction method so that formed rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure is steady safely
Fixed, which has extensive adaptability to rubble body slope surface or side slope, and rehabilitation cost is low, short construction period, and engineering can be applied
Property is strong.
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structures, include from the inside to the outside successively in rubble body slope surface
The overburden layer of setting, the first protective layer, base and plantation layer.
Wherein, the thickness of overburden layer is 6cm, and overburden layer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:420 parts of loam,
0.03 part of 45 parts of turfy soil, 20 parts of sawdust, 2.0 parts of organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent.
First protective layer is three dimension geotechnical gauze pad;
The thickness of base is 10cm, and base is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:350 parts of loam, wood-fibred 1
160 parts of part, 0.04 part of adhesive, 0.04 part of water-retaining agent, 1.8 parts of composite fertilizer, 0.02 part of microbial-bacterial fertilizer and water;
The thickness for planting layer is 5cm, and plantation layer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:430 parts of loam, wood-fibred
160 parts of 3 parts, 36 parts of seed, 0.07 part of adhesive, 0.06 part of water-retaining agent, 4.0 parts of composite fertilizer, 0.02 part of microbial-bacterial fertilizer and water,
Wherein, seed is the combination of false indigo, shrub lespedeza, the twigs of the chaste tree and Festuca Arundinacea, and four weight ratios are 1:1:1:1.
The construction method of the rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure, includes the following steps:
(a) slope leveling:Smooth rammer is carried out to rubble body slope surface to press, so that slope surface is smoothed out as possible by machinery;
(b) overburden layer is formed:Planting soil is covered in rubble body slope surface, keeps planting soil and rubble body slope surface surface layer abundant
Contact is full of the gap of rubble body slope surface, and the thickness of overburden layer is 6cm;
(c) the first protective layer is formed:First protective layer is unfolded to cover from top to bottom along rubble body slope surface top edge, it is ensured that
Smooth-going is kept between first protective layer and rubble body slope surface, is used in combination staple to misplace every 1m and is fixed, prevents from shifting;Two adjacent first
Mutually overlap joint control overlaps sequence consensus, and fixation is encrypted using staple in 5cm or so between protective layer;
(d) base and plantation layer are formed:Hydroseeder is selected to carry out base respectively and sow grass seeds by duster and plant layer sowing grass seeds by duster, sowing grass seeds by duster sequentially is
From top to bottom, holding is sowed grass seeds by duster as far as possible, and face is uniform, and injection 3 times repeatedly continue to spray, until base reaches after matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster is stablized
To 10cm;Injection plantation layer in base after stabilization, injection method is identical as base, thickness 5cm.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides a kind of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structures, and the present embodiment provides a kind of rubble body slope vegetations
Restore structure, in rubble body slope surface include set gradually from the inside to the outside overburden layer, the first protective layer, base, plantation layer and
Second protective layer.
Wherein, the thickness of overburden layer is 5cm, and overburden layer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:560 parts of loam,
0.06 part of 30 parts of turfy soil, 35 parts of sawdust, 7.8 parts of organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent.
First protective layer is three dimension geotechnical gauze pad;
The thickness of base is 12cm, and base is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:430 parts of loam, wood-fibred 2
180 parts of part, 0.06 part of adhesive, 0.06 part of water-retaining agent, 6.0 parts of composite fertilizer, 0.04 part of microbial-bacterial fertilizer and water;
The thickness for planting layer is 5cm, and plantation layer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:350 parts of loam, wood-fibred
200 parts of 2 parts, 28 parts of seed, 0.04 part of adhesive, 0.03 part of water-retaining agent, 2.0 parts of composite fertilizer, 0.06 part of microbial-bacterial fertilizer and water,
Wherein, seed is the combination of alfalfa, Festuca Arundinacea and horse spine, and three's weight ratio is 2:1:2;
Second protective layer is nonwoven layer.
The construction method of the rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure, includes the following steps:
(a) slope leveling:Smooth rammer is carried out to rubble body slope surface to press, so that slope surface is smoothed out as possible by machinery;
(b) overburden layer is formed:Planting soil is covered in rubble body slope surface, keeps planting soil and rubble body slope surface surface layer abundant
Contact is full of the gap of rubble body slope surface, and the thickness of overburden layer is 5cm;
(c) the first protective layer is formed:First protective layer is unfolded to cover from top to bottom along rubble body slope surface top edge, it is ensured that
Smooth-going is kept between first protective layer and rubble body slope surface, is used in combination staple to misplace every 1m and is fixed, prevents from shifting;Two adjacent first
Mutually overlap joint control overlaps sequence consensus, and fixation is encrypted using staple in 10cm or so between protective layer;
(d) base and plantation layer are formed:Hydroseeder is selected to carry out base respectively and sow grass seeds by duster and plant layer sowing grass seeds by duster, sowing grass seeds by duster sequentially is
From top to bottom, holding is sowed grass seeds by duster as far as possible, and face is uniform, and injection 4 times repeatedly continue to spray, until base reaches after matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster is stablized
To 12cm;Injection plantation layer in base after stabilization, injection method is identical as base, thickness 4cm;
(e) it conserves:Rubble body slope surface sow grass seeds by duster completion 2 days after cover the second protective layer, consolidated using bamboo nail every 60cm
Fixed, the second protective layer overlapping width is not less than 5cm;Second protective layer top of the slope, bottom of slope should reserve each 20cm of redundancy and with soil
Compacting is fixed, and when seedling grows to 5-6cm or 2-3 piece leaves, the second protective layer is taken off.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structures, and the present embodiment provides a kind of rubble body slope vegetations
Restore structure, in rubble body slope surface include set gradually from the inside to the outside overburden layer, the first protective layer, base, plantation layer and
Second protective layer.
Wherein, the thickness of overburden layer is 3cm, and overburden layer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:500 parts of loam,
0.04 part of 40 parts of turfy soil, 25 parts of sawdust, 3 parts of organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent.
First protective layer is three dimension geotechnical gauze pad;
The thickness of base is 15cm, and base is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:400 parts of loam, wood-fibred 3
200 parts of part, 0.05 part of adhesive, 0.04 part of water-retaining agent, 3.0 parts of composite fertilizer, 0.06 part of microbial-bacterial fertilizer and water;
The thickness for planting layer is 3cm, and plantation layer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:320 parts of loam, wood-fibred
180 parts of 1 part, 32 parts of seed, 0.05 part of adhesive, 0.05 part of water-retaining agent, 4.0 parts of composite fertilizer, 0.04 part of microbial-bacterial fertilizer and water,
Wherein, seed is horse spine, short bar coreopsis and the combination for spending more lily magnolia, and three's weight ratio is 1:1:3;
Second protective layer is nonwoven layer.
The construction method of the rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure, includes the following steps:
(a) slope leveling:Smooth rammer is carried out to rubble body slope surface to press, so that slope surface is smoothed out as possible by machinery;
(b) overburden layer is formed:Planting soil is covered in rubble body slope surface, keeps planting soil and rubble body slope surface surface layer abundant
Contact is full of the gap of rubble body slope surface, and the thickness of overburden layer is 3cm;
(c) the first protective layer is formed:First protective layer is unfolded to cover from top to bottom along rubble body slope surface top edge, it is ensured that
Smooth-going is kept between first protective layer and rubble body slope surface, is used in combination staple to misplace every 1m and is fixed, prevents from shifting;Two adjacent first
Mutually overlap joint control overlaps sequence consensus, and fixation is encrypted using staple in 8cm or so between protective layer;
(d) base and plantation layer are formed:Hydroseeder is selected to carry out base respectively and sow grass seeds by duster and plant layer sowing grass seeds by duster, sowing grass seeds by duster sequentially is
From top to bottom, holding is sowed grass seeds by duster as far as possible, and face is uniform, and injection 4 times repeatedly continue to spray, until base reaches after matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster is stablized
To 15cm;Injection plantation layer in base after stabilization, injection method is identical as base, thickness 3cm;
(e) it conserves:Rubble body slope surface sow grass seeds by duster completion 2 days after cover the second protective layer, consolidated using bamboo nail every 40cm
Fixed, the second protective layer overlapping width is not less than 5cm;Second protective layer top of the slope, bottom of slope should reserve each 10cm of redundancy and with soil
Compacting is fixed, and when seedling grows to 5-6cm or 2-3 piece leaves, the second protective layer is taken off.
In conclusion the rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure safety and stability is, it can be achieved that repair the ecology of rubble body slope surface
It is multiple, there is preferable application prospect.
Finally it should be noted that:The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations;To the greatest extent
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that:Its according to
So can with technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified, either to which part or all technical features into
Row equivalent replacement;And these modifications or replacements, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure, which is characterized in that including setting successively from the inside to the outside in rubble body slope surface
Overburden layer, the first protective layer, base, plantation layer and optionally the second protective layer set.
2. rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thickness of the overburden layer is
2-10cm;
Preferably, the overburden layer is mainly made of following raw material:Loam, turfy soil, sawdust, organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent;
It is further preferred that the overburden layer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:420-560 parts of loam, turfy soil
0.03-0.06 parts of 30-45 parts, 20-35 parts of sawdust, 1.0-7.8 parts of organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent.
3. rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first protective layer is three
The geotechnological gauze pad of dimension, first protective layer are covered on overburden layer.
4. rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the thickness of the base is
10-15cm;
Preferably, the base is mainly made of following raw material:Loam, wood-fibred, adhesive, water-retaining agent, composite fertilizer, microorganism
Bacterial manure and water;
It is further preferred that the base is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:320-430 parts of loam, wood-fibred 1-3
Part, 0.04-0.07 parts of adhesive, 0.03-0.06 parts of water-retaining agent, composite fertilizer 1.8-6.0 parts, 0.02-0.06 parts of microbial-bacterial fertilizer
With 160-200 parts of water.
5. rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described plantation layer thickness be
3-5cm;
Preferably, the plantation layer is mainly made of following raw material:It is loam, wood-fibred, seed, adhesive, water-retaining agent, compound
Fertilizer, microbial-bacterial fertilizer and water;
It is further preferred that the plantation layer is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:320-430 parts of loam, wood-fibred
1-3 parts, 28-36 parts of seed, 0.04-0.07 parts of adhesive, 0.03-0.06 parts of water-retaining agent, composite fertilizer 1.8-6.0 parts, microorganism
160-200 parts of 0.02-0.06 parts of bacterial manure and water.
6. rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the seed is shrub kind
Son;
Preferably, the shrub seed includes false indigo, shrub lespedeza, the twigs of the chaste tree, Festuca Arundinacea, horse spine, short bar coreopsis, spends more lily magnolia
Or a kind of in alfalfa or at least two combination.
7. the rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure according to claim 1-6 any one, which is characterized in that the base
And/or plantation layer to be formed through sowing grass seeds by duster.
8. the rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure according to claim 1-6 any one, which is characterized in that described second
Protective layer is nonwoven layer.
9. the construction method of the rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure described in claim 1-8 any one, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
Planting soil is covered in rubble body slope surface, forms overburden layer;
First protective layer is laid on overburden layer, then in the first protective layer far from overburden layer set gradually on one side base,
Plant layer and optionally the second protective layer.
10. the construction method of rubble body recovering vegetation on slope structure according to claim 9, which is characterized in that described to cover
The thickness of the layer is 2-10cm;
And/or the thickness of the base is 10-15cm;
And/or the thickness of the plantation layer is 3-5cm.
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| CN109565994A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-05 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | A kind of method for recovering vegetation of dry valley Dumping Sites side slope |
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| CN110557997A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-13 | 四川靓固科技集团有限公司 | Construction method of slope ecological restoration system |
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| CN111084055A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-05-01 | 北京市首发天人生态景观有限公司 | Composite structure for vegetation recovery and taking injection mixture as base layer |
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Application publication date: 20181023 |