CN108678756A - It closes on rivers highly permeable stratum major diameter slurry shield and originates construction safely - Google Patents
It closes on rivers highly permeable stratum major diameter slurry shield and originates construction safely Download PDFInfo
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- CN108678756A CN108678756A CN201810389623.0A CN201810389623A CN108678756A CN 108678756 A CN108678756 A CN 108678756A CN 201810389623 A CN201810389623 A CN 201810389623A CN 108678756 A CN108678756 A CN 108678756A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 226
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 226
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 109
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
Rivers highly permeable stratum major diameter slurry shield is closed on the invention discloses one kind and originating construction safely, is included the following steps：（One）Originate pedestal and reaction frame structure construction；（Two）Originate foundation stabilization；（Three）Emergent dewatering well arrangement；（Four）Portal seals and the installation of rubber cord；（Five）It originates and opens a position；（Six）Portal secondary seal.Beneficial effects of the present invention：Quality is high：Reliable, portal sealed reliable, no seepage and no leakage are reinforced before launching shaft hole.It is safe：The engineering method effectively avoids various risks in large-diameter shield origination process, substantially increases the safety of production.Construction cost is low：The mechanical equipment and material used relative to other measures, the engineering method is conventional material, at low cost.
Description
Technical field
It closing on rivers highly permeable stratum major diameter slurry shield the present invention relates to one kind and originates construction safely, belong to and build
Build technical field of construction.
Background technology
The enhancing of national power, the progress of technology, shield construction are more and more received by the country.Current country's subway is
There are Shanghai, Guangzhou, Nanjing, Beijing, Shenzhen, Tianjin, Xi'an, Chengdu, Shenyang, Hangzhou, Qingdao etc. using the city of shield method, separately
There are other many cities under preparation outside.Since shield-tunneling construction is in the advantage of duration, safety, quality etc., some cities,
Such as Shanghai and Nanjing, Wuhan river-crossing tunnel engineering also more and more use shield construction.But shield each construction stage
Construction technology quality requirement it is stringent, security requirement is high, is especially closing on rivers location, the higher position of level of ground water carries out
The construction of big shield is continuously improved so super-large-diameter shield originates construction technology and us is needed constantly to summarize.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：One kind is provided and closes on rivers highly permeable stratum major diameter slurry shield peace
Originate construction entirely.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
The rivers highly permeable stratum major diameter slurry shield provided by the invention that closes on originates safely construction, including following
Step：
(1) pedestal and reaction frame structure construction are originated
It originates pedestal and uses cast-in-situ reinforced concrete structure, it is that arcuate structure is divided to shield tail pedestal and shield body pedestal two to originate pedestal
Point, the parallel longitudinal shield center line of pedestal.The gap for having 10cm between shield machine shell and pedestal, for welding guide rail.Pedestal
Longitudinal pre-buried 300*300H shaped steel, top are welded with 100*100 square steel, longitudinal that one of ribbed stiffener is arranged every 10cm, and weld seam is high
Degree is not less than 8mm.The track that square steel is slided as shield casing.Construct starting well bottom plate when pre- doweling, will originate pedestal and
Bottom plate connects into an entirety, makes pedestal shearing resistance bigger when originating.
Shield tail pedestal long 13.55m, wide 5.4m, four shield machine dragging tracks of longitudinally asymmetric arrangement, with shield machine center line
Angle is respectively 41.4 °, 81.3 °.Respectively 5 500mm thickness concrete walls of arrangement support shield launching pedestal to pedestal south and north flanks.It is vertical
To reserved twice groove, groove provides operating space for shield assembly welding, reserves groove width 1m.
Shield precursor, the middle long 13.1m of body pedestal, wide 9.5m, four shield machine dragging tracks of longitudinally asymmetric arrangement, with shield
Machine centerlines are respectively 41.4 °, 88.15 °.Each pre-buried I-steel when the basement construction of shield body both sides.Work as shield machine
When driving, due to the knife cutting soil body, cause a reaction force so that shield body may twist, therefore we are in shield body
Upper welding machine steel member, the steel member other end resist the pre-buried I-steel in pedestal both sides.
One of groove is laterally reserved between two pedestals, width 1.1m provides operating space for shield assembly welding.Longitudinal ditch
50b I-shaped bracing members, I-steel both ends and two pieces of 600*600*20mm concrete pedestal pre-buried steels are set up between slot, lateral trench
Plate welds.Groove, groove width 1.1m, in addition, originating the pre-buried 300*300 in pedestal upper end are laterally reserved between two pedestals together
Antitorque I-steel.50b I-shaped bracing members, I-steel both ends and two pieces of 600*600* are set up between longitudinal groove, lateral trench
20mm concrete pedestal pre-embedded steel slabs weld.
Head is planted for ease of shield launching and after offsetting shield launching, adjusts structure top surface in originating basement construction.
Specific adjustment size is to originate to originate at portal and raise 20mm at pedestal according to shield design centre line, with this point to big mileage
Direction, which extends, does not raise at a shield machine length (14.307m) (by design value).With this 2 points other positions of control that are in line
Size is adjusted, after shield launching completely attaches to diaphragm wall, cutter head of shield machine processing opinion raises 25mm.
Reaction frame uses steel reaction frame, is made of door frame and steel loop two large divisions, door frame is by two crossbeam of box structure and two
Vertical beam group welds portal structures, thickness 1800mm；Steel loop is welded into I-shape construction by annular the above, the lower lid and web group, interior
Diameter 11.10m, outer diameter 12.1m, thickness 1000mm, reaction frame overall thickness 2800mm.6 diameter 800mm are set up behind reaction frame
Steel pipe is used for Auxiliary support.Material therefor mainly uses Q345B high-strength steel.After -8 rings install, -8 rings and reaction frame it
Between the gaps 900cm be attached using Φ 350mm wall thickness 20mm steel pipes.Predominantly shield launching provides firm stress support,
Shield structure jack is set there are enough opposite forces that shield machine is pushed to advance.
(2) foundation stabilization is originated
To ensure that shield machine is safe and smooth originates, to starting well end using plain wall+mixing pile+high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile handle into
Row foundation stabilization.Simultaneously to ensure shield launching safety, 8 mouthfuls of emergent deep well points are set inside and outside stabilization zone, as shield launching
Emergency measure, start immediately once there are the dangerous situations such as water burst.
(1) foundation stabilization range and form
The soil body in a certain range of active well end should be reinforced before shield launching, consider ground construction condition
And geological conditions, this section west sides Xu Jiapeng shield well end is using ground mixing pile+periphery setting C15 elements diaphram wall+2
Arrange rotary churning pile closure+dewatering mode.Mixing pile usesRotary churning pile usesIt is set in stabilization zone periphery
U-shaped C15 elements diaphram wall is set, all around closed water stop curtain structure is formed with Xu family's canopy station diaphram wall.Plain concrete
Outside built-in slip casting pipe in wall seam crossing.After the western end well agent structure in Xu family's canopy station is finished, at all around closed end
Head carries out precipitation in stabilization zone, it is ensured that level of ground water is down to tunnel bottom or less 2m, can carry out shield launching.Precipitation is applied in portal
It could stop when work is completed and intensity meets design requirement.
Rotary churning pile and mixing pile construction parameter are determined according to practical geological condition field test, are met with the ground after reinforcing
Design requirement is principle.The cement mixed weight of mixing pile should before construction according to stratigraphic type carry out incorporation intensity and other
The contrast test of parameter.Mixing pile cement mixed weight is not less than 20%, and mixing pile sky stake cement mixed weight takes 7%, using 42.5
Grade Portland cement.Every meter of cement consumption recommended value of rotary churning pile takes 250Kg/m.Rotary churning pile reinforcing is gone along with sb. to guard him overlap joint with station and is answered
Not less than 300mm, ensure reinforcing body occlusion, if the density effect for going along with sb. to guard him seam with station is bad, it is contemplated that increase overlap joint and
Supplement slip casting.The reinforced soil body should have good homogenieity, independence, unconfined compressive strength to be not less than 1.0MPa, infiltration
Coefficient is less than 10-7/cm/sec。
Before headwall building enclosure punches, horizontal inspecting hole is first applied, examines end soil body consolidation effect, it is desirable that part inspecting hole is only
Have and drip, the infiltration total amount without silt particle in water, and in 24 hours is not more than 5L.If any leak or it is impervious design effect is not achieved,
Owner, design, management analysis reason should be notified in time and make corresponding remedial measure.Horizontal inspecting hole is not less than 5, is distributed in
The upper and lower and left and right quadrantal points and central point of agent structure reserving hole, horizontal inspecting hole length are not less than 3m.
Shield launching end is squeegeeed reinforcing using plain wall+mixing pile+high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile, and reinforcing scope is that width is shield tunnel
Each 5m in road both sides, for reinforcement depth to arch bottom 5m, length is along shield driving direction longitudinal direction 15m.Wide 22.1m × the length of reinforcing body
15m × depth 32.1m, wherein reinforcement depth reinforce an area (i.e. weak stabilization zone, stabilization zone from earth's surface to the above 5m of tunnel vault
It is about 10.1m), above 5m to inverted arch or less the 5m of tunnel vault are to reinforce 2nd area (i.e. strong stabilization zone, stabilization zone is about 22.1m).
(2) foundation stabilization index
The cement mixed weight for reinforcing an area is 7%, and the cement mixed weight for reinforcing 2nd area is 20%, common using P42.5 grades
Portland cement.The intensity for reinforcing an area is not less than the intensity of undisturbed soil, reinforces two area's soil stabilization intensity indexs：No lateral spacing is anti-
Compressive Strength qu >=1MPa, infiltration coefficient≤1 × 10-7Cm/s, while ensuring the uniformity of soil mass consolidation, leakproofness and independence.
Accurately to examine reinforcing and the waterproof effect of stabilization zone, increase the quantity of stabilization zone coring, to the uniform of reinforcing body
The indexs such as property, intensity and anti-permeability performance are observed and are detected.Coring depth is set to 31m (stabilization zone stake long 32.1m), after coring
Cavity using slip casting block.
(3) dewatering well of meeting an urgent need is arranged
In stabilization zone both sides, respectively 8 mouthfuls of dewatering wells of arrangement, 5m/ mouthfuls, well depth 45m of dewatering well spacing, well casing use 325 steel of Φ
Pipe, chimney filter length 10m.
The construction of dewatering well and pumping water discharge time are combined according to geological conditions and reinforcing condition and the bailing test of dewatering well
It carries out, but need to ensure that portal abolishes level of ground water in preceding stabilization zone and is down to tunnel shielding portal bottom or less 2m or more.
(4) portal sealing and the installation of rubber cord
(1) portal sealing ring
Shield machine active well portal pre-buried steel ring design is the annulus harden structure of width 800mm, steel loop medial surface diameter
13m.Sealing steel ring is made of sealing plate, stiffener, Circular Plate, turnover panel, twice cord rubber slab and two seals wire brush.Sealing
Ring domain anchor ring is vertical with shield machine design axis, and stiffener is arranged on the inside of sealing plate.
Steel loop is embedded in agent structure vertically, and setting dowel is embedded in agent structure on the outside of steel loop.Sealing steel ring is distinguished
Design 1Grouting Pipe (wall thickness 4mm) is used for rubber cord leak stopping；It is evenly arranged at totally 24 along annulus, on the inside of portal
Soil stabilization slip casting.Built-in pipe is circumferentially uniformly distributed, and is connected to steel loop medial surface, for being noted during shield launching
The needs of slurry, grease injection.
(2) portal sealing ring is installed
Sealing steel ring is installed according to designed lines portal position.It measures and determines on pre-buried portal ring flange face when installation
Position sealing steel ring piecemeal line, and make mark.Sealing steel ring proposes 4 pieces of meter and lifts respectively, and scene uses 25t crane liftings, matches
Artificial progress piecemeal lifting is closed to be welded on portal flange face.Sealing steel ring requires to firmly install, sealing, using two-sided welding,
And sealing ring is securely fastened on pre-buried portal ring by interior outside stiffener.
(3) installation of rubber cord, pressing plate
Bolt hole is set in sealing steel ring Circular Plate, cord rubber slab is fixed on by Circular Plate and close using M20 bolts
Between seal ring steel plate.Circular Plate is located on the inside of sealing plate, is fixed on portal sealing ring steel plate for four pieces by bolt point.Circular Plate with
Turnover panel is connected by axis pin, clearance breadth 45cm between twice turnover panel, rigid support of the turnover panel as cord rubber seal.
First sealing ring is welded on the flange face of pre-buried portal steel loop before shield launching, after having abolished portal, by rubber
Rubberized cord and Circular Plate are bolted on sealing ring steel plate, are finally connected to steel folded plate in Circular Plate by shipping and reselling on another market.
Since rubber curtain cloth size is larger, rubber cord will lie prostrate after installation is complete in bottom cord to portal direction, right
It opens a position and has a certain impact in muddy water.To avoid the generation of such case, in twice cord internal layer, need that one layer of 1mm thickness is installed
Steel spring plate be located at upright state for support top cord.
(4) portal abolishes construction
Mainly there is diaphram wall to influence shield launching, the diaphram wall within the scope of portal within the scope of shield launching portal
It cuts during construction is arranged in shield machine assembly and adjustment, arch bottom or less the side 2m is down to by design requirement ensuring end soil body water level
Can carry out.
Consider shield machine assembly site actual conditions, cuts the influence assembled to shield to reduce portal to the greatest extent, and in shield
Structure can be originated when being completed and be appeared as early as possible, and the diaphragm wall wall thickness 1200mm within the scope of portal is cut at twice.For the first time
It cuts to be arranged in after cutterhead is gone into the well and carry out, abolish outside concrete 90cm, divest ground-connecting-wall internal layer reinforcing bar；It cuts for the second time
It is arranged in after the completion of -6 ring pipe sheet assembling of shield machine, concrete chisel removal and clear quarrel work, chisel are a few days ago completed in shield launching Forward
Except concrete thickness 30cm.Ensure to complete before shield launching it is all cut and cleaning work, and the face exposed time is no more than
Two days.
It cuts concrete and sets up steel pipe support, holder uses 48 seamless steel pipes of Φ, 90 × 90cm of spacing, floor height 90cm to indulge
To setting up three rows.It is connected using fastener between steel pipe, stent outer drawing sets close mesh protection network.It is close with portal in front of pedestal originating
Clear quarrel job platform is set up between seal ring, the concrete under cutting is cut goes out foundation pit using suspension bucket by loop wheel machine handling.
Determining, the negative ring of axis is originated to arrange
The axis arrangement of shield launching is determined according to the axis that actually originates of each engineering, due to the body length model of shield machine
It is straight line to enclose interior, and shield tail enter portal before must not do larger correction, avoid shield tail and portal from being formed and interlock.Therefore it is originating
When cannot achieve correction, straightway is originated by design axis, curved section can be designed in range it is pre- partially, avoid in origination process
Axis deviation is exceeded, and No. 8 line shield launching sondages of Wuhan subway are begun into the circular curve in section tunnel midline plane being R=700m
Originating party to determination it is most important.Shield launching initial stage, in order to provide enough thrust and keep reaction frame, negative endless tube piece steady
It is fixed, shield machine must along linear advancement, when shield machine host integrally enters tunnel, shield tail completely disengages originate pedestal after, ability
Start to turn.Shield machine principal length 14.38m, therefore, shield machine distance of linear advancement after starting well are up to
15m.Due to this section of tunnel center line be 700m radiuses circular curve, during linear advancement 15m, shield tunnel axis with set
Meter shaft line will generate certain deviation；After linear advancement 15m, shield machine proceeds by correction, and correction curve also can with design axis
There is certain deviation.To ensure that deviation closes rule between actual tunnel axis and design axis, intends taking before shield launching
Portal ring deviates pre-buried measure, and the later stage continues correction to meet the requirements when tunneling.I.e. the pre-buried ring of portal is right toward tunnel piercing direction
Side deviates 100mm, and the vertical portal pre-buried steel ring of shield machine, i.e. straight line originate when originating.In shield machine shield body completely into portal
Start to rectify a deviation (about 15m) after pre-buried steel loop, be calculated according to past construction experiences and this tunnel duct piece wedge shape amount size, it is contemplated that per ring
Correction amount is up to 15mm.If according to every ring 15mm Deviation Correction Constructions, the 9th ring can make tunnel actual axle after shield machine starts correction
Line is overlapped with design axis, reaches code requirement.Correction length is 18m, after the practical axis in tunnel is located at correction with design axis
4th ring, maximum offset 117mm.This scheme maximum offset slightly exceeds design permissible value (100mm), but in construction in later period
The practical axis in tunnel can be made to meet design with design axis deviant by (in design allowable range) two thickness of the liner degree of adjustment to want
It asks.Therefore, after shield machine is originated with the offset of this direction, each expected deviation value can be met the requirements.
Negative ring is assembled
The positive ring starting mileage of this engineering is right CK12+949.653, since station is irregular station, considers shield well main body
Structure, the composite factors such as counter-force rack position, the consideration of this engineering need 8 rings to bear ring, this engineering altogether when originating from reaction frame to positive ring
Negative ring uses armored concrete pipe ring.
Summation
- 8 rings bear the first ring of ring assembly as us, and erection method is there are two types of selection, and one on the basis of steel bears ring
Assembly, second is that empty spell.We compare the advantage and disadvantage of two kinds of erection methods, as shown in the table：
Second of erection method is selected after considering：Concrete is born annular space and is spelled.
After shield machine is debugged, you can proceed by the installation of negative endless tube piece.This engineering bears endless tube piece outer diameter
12100mm, internal diameter 11100mm, totally 8 ring, is ordered as -8~-1, is reinforced concrete segment, ring width 2000mm, section of jurisdiction is logical
Include 5 pieces of calibrated bolcks, 2 pieces of adjacent blocks, 1 piece of block that binds per endless tube piece with structure type.
Negative ring uses Type B concrete pipe sheet.To ensure the convenience of assembled stability and the dismounting of negative ring, -8 ring seal jacking blocks
It is designed as 1 position, first piece of assembled bottom B3 block；- 7 ring seal jacking blocks are 21 positions, first piece of assembled bottom B3 block, -8, -
6, -4, -2, circling point position is identical, and -7, -5, -3, -1 circling point position is all 21 points (specific point can adjust according to field condition).For
Ensure that assembled position is correct, it is unlikely after cyclization to be subjected to displacement or ellipse change, when section of jurisdiction produces, ring, longitudinal bolt it is upper and lower right
Inside and outside cambered surface is answered to be respectively provided with pre-embedded steel slab, section of jurisdiction (is welded with 1cm thickness after the completion of erecting ring in whole using 20# I-steel between wing plate
Steel plate is rib, spacing 10cm) pre-embedded steel slab between section of jurisdiction ring inner loop and ring, block and block is welded.Section of jurisdiction will be same after deviating from shield tail
Sample is welded pre-embedded steel slab outside the ring of section of jurisdiction using 20# ribbings I-steel.
2.2 assembled -8 and -7 rings
After shield machine debugging finishes arrival originating location, very heavy boots (being fully retracted) of shoring are apart from reaction frame maximum distance
6015mm；After -8 rings are in place, front end face (stretchs out) 1365mm completely apart from very heavy boots of shoring, and jack stroke is maximum
3000mm.Therefore, final position is reached to -8 rings, it is necessary to which after sky spells -8 rings and -7 rings, two rings integrally move to final afterwards together
Position.And using -7 ring front end faces as the assembled reference plane of -6 rings and the reference plane of whole tunnel segment assembly.
Due to being that complete sky is spelled, in place (especially first piece B3) of the section of jurisdiction in shield tail will fully rely on external cushion block
Be welded and fixed, therefore, -8 rings and -7 rings are conveniently welded and fixed in both sides of the face pre-embedded steel slab.
- 8 rings first weld guide rail and limiting plate before carrying out empty spell.Guide rail is arranged between jack and tail sealing brush,
It is made of 90mm square steel, position is identical as originating station guide rail position, is arranged backward since away from very heavy top end face 500mm, long
2000mm.Limiting plate is limited away from welding 20# ribbing I-steel at the positions 2800mm~3000mm of pusher jack end,
I-steel centre-to-centre spacing jack end 2900mm.10mm steel plates are set between I-steel wing plate as floor, spacing 100mm.Add
The high 640mm of rib I-steel, top are welded using 20# I-steel and limit ribbing I-steel and section of jurisdiction pre-embedded steel slab, and I-steel is long
400mm.Every piece of section of jurisdiction of ribbing I-steel is arranged two.(ribbing I-steel is after preventing section of jurisdiction from being influenced generation by jack thrust
It moves, top I-steel is to prevent from causing to deviate to segment assembly when pipe sheet assembling.) square steel is also welded with support boots in front of another cutterhead,
To prevent shield machine Forward or section of jurisdiction can not be compressed.It supports boots to be made of 100mm square steel, long 500mm.
After -8 ring cyclization, all bolts are tightened, (pass through pre-buried steel per 3 ribbing Interal fixation of adjacent two block welding
Plate), to prevent its ellipse change.All external stability bracing members are cut off later, 2300mm will be moved after -8 ring domains with jack, at it
Front end face welding L-shaped steel plate plays fixed function (- 7 first piece of rings are seen piece assembly position and do not welded).With -8 rings make reference rings by
Block -7 rings of assembly.After -7 first piece of ring assembly are good, it is connect with -8 rings by bolt, and fixed in one end welding steel, then
Its assembled adjacent block again, and so on, assembled complete -7 ring.
It must be noted that be welded and fixed at twice during assembled, fixed form and welding opportunity are different, in assembly
In the process, it before vacuum cup does not leave section of jurisdiction, needs to constrain section of jurisdiction and fixed, it at this time can only be by welding L-type
Steel plate constrains in section of jurisdiction in shield tail.
Before the cyclization of section of jurisdiction, domain section of jurisdiction will all be fixed in this way, and cannot chisel pre-embedded steel slab and be welded and fixed, and prevent from spelling
Vacuum cup can not operation when during dress just in case needing again to remove section of jurisdiction.
It is the same with -8 rings after completing -7 ring assembly, at least 3 pieces of Interal fixations are welded per adjacent two pieces of sections of jurisdiction, to ensure to justify
Degree, meanwhile, -7 every piece of rings will also be welded with -8 rings, to ensure the rigidity of two endless tube pieces.
- 7 ring front end face of 2.3 leveling
After -8 rings, -7 annular spaces are spelled and moved after whole, position fully relies on the constraint of shield tail brush, along tunnel axis direction
Only jack can play effect of contraction.
- 7 ring front end faces by the assembled benchmark as -6 rings, -6 rings should can on this benchmark easier cyclization, and
Circumferential gap is uniform after cyclization, and (if there are horn mouth, the assembled of follow-up section of jurisdiction in the process can put the horn mouth no horn mouth
It greatly, must not the no longer assembled benchmark of secondary searching).
Therefore, certain energy should be spent accurately to adjust the front end face of -7 rings at this time.As previously mentioned, can only be each by finely tuning
Its front end face of group jack Traffic control system, by measuring class's review end face flatness and circumferential gap theoretically, the end face after adjustment
Flatness and circumferential gap should reach design requirement, and be limited to construction condition, and the ellipse change of transverse direction of -8, -7 rings hardly may be used
It avoids, therefore, the groundwork of adjustment is：Circumferential horn mouth is eliminated, end face flatness is drawn close to design requirement as possible.If circumferential
In the case that horn mouth is eliminated, end face flatness does not still reach requirement, and can be given by way of pasting plank, cork gasket
Adjustment.The fixation of 2.4-8 rings and reaction frame
After the adjustment of -7 rings is in place, bears to pass through between endless tube piece and reaction frame in -8 rings and weld Φ 350mm wall thickness 20mm steel pipes
Mode connect.Pre-buried 22 blocks of steel plates when section of jurisdiction makes, reaction frame are steel reaction frame, directly and steel-pipe welding.
2.5 assembled -6 rings
- 6 rings will be the reference rings of this tunnel truly, and assembled quality will influence the assembly speed of follow-up section of jurisdiction
Degree and quality.
As previously mentioned, when the assembly of this ring, absolutely not allow the non-uniform situation in circumferential gap occur.Solving this main lance
On the basis of shield, ensure that end face is smooth and circularity (measuring chord length between 2 points of class's review).
During assembly, bolt can be tightened, but whether according to circumferential gap uniformly, the portion that can will be connect with -7 rings
Bolt is divided to unclamp.Therefore, during assembled, per one piece of section of jurisdiction (especially upper semi-circle section of jurisdiction) in place, it is necessary to use steel plate and L
Shape steel plate is fixed.It should be noted that the fixation steel plate during assembled, is welded in -7 rings and shield tail, and its
Fixed position is except vacuum cup sealing range, and welding opportunity is before vacuum cup leaves section of jurisdiction.
After cyclization, determine that circumferential direction gap is uniform, front end face is smooth and then chisels pre-embedded steel slab and is welded and fixed.
2.6 other assembled negative rings
After -6 ring assembly, the support boots in front of cutterhead are cut off, shield machine starts to promote, and starts after reaching 2800mm strokes
Assembled -5 rings.Every piece of section of jurisdiction block-by-block is into the connection between row block and block, ring and ring when -5 ring assembly.The same manner is with this assembly-
4, -3, -2, -1 ring.
Reinforcing, the support of 2.7 negative rings
After shield tail is deviate from section of jurisdiction, pre-embedded steel slab welding outside section of jurisdiction need to be carried out in time.As the purpose of interior welds,
Ensure the rigidity of section of jurisdiction ring as possible.
It after shield tail is deviate from section of jurisdiction, needs to support in time, support is divided into three parts：
(1) bquster is inserted between section of jurisdiction and shield machine guide rail square steel (for right-angled trapezium, the long 500mm of top margin, bottom side length
1000mm, high 670mm, 53 degree of slope angle, using 32# I-steel, top is respectively welded with one block of 1.5cm steel plate and is made), it is ensured that pipe
Piece does not drop.Bquster spacing 1m, is arranged at segment joint and section of jurisdiction is central.
(2) supported in section of jurisdiction side-lower welding H-bar.
(3) bracing members are welded after shield tail is deviate from section of jurisdiction in shield body both sides horizontal direction to squeeze between bracing members and section of jurisdiction
Timber wedge compresses.
Shield machine moves forward
When -8, -7, -6 endless tube pieces shift design position onto and between reaction frame after the completion of section steel reinforcement, shield machine moves forward
1650mm, assembled -5 rings.It must assure that all preparations are completed before shield machine Forward, all devices are in shape, hole
Door cuts completion and cleans out recrement.When Forward, need to check whether shield shell, sliding rail, trolley and reaction frame have barrier shadow
Ring shield machine Forward.
Shield machine thrust is slowly increased by 0, until pushing shield machine, shield machine is kept to be advanced slowly.It is most short very heavy
Shield machine stops Forward, assembled -5 endless tube pieces when top stroke reaches 2800.
Shield machine pays attention to the observation assembled posture situation and connection for completing section of jurisdiction when moving forward, have shakiness if any section of jurisdiction
It happens, stops Forward at once, find out problem, could continue to move forward after having solved.Forward has to pass through project management department each time
Leader notifies in writing.
There are the anti-torsion block for preventing shield machine from reversing in shield machine both sides, and when the hauling-out of anti-torsion block originates bracket, cut in time
It removes, tie point will be cut off totally, prevent anti-torsion block from being damaged to portal.
When shield machine promotes -5 ring, cutter head of shield machine slowly enters portal circle sealing cord at this time, and portal circle surrounding must
It must ensure there are 6 positions to be observed, and unimpeded with keeping in touch inside shield machine.There are some position cutterhead contact portal sealings
When baffle, hard stop.Observe the relative size of sealing plate and shield machine shell and design deviation whether can in tolerance range,
Continue to promote after confirmation.
- 4 rings promote 1000mm or so, and cutterhead shuts down, opens a position with a distance from face 20cm at this time.It is noted in portal sealing
Seal grease and plugging material continue to promote after slip casting, greasing.
When+2 rings promote 1500mm or so, shield tail is all exposed in 0 ring pre-embedded steel slab position, welds secondary seal, continues to push away
Into.
The posture that shield machine is checked continually on during shield machine Forward changes situation, takes timely measure, and controls
Posture.It to weld steel part in time when shield tail is deviate from section of jurisdiction to reinforce, the wooden wedge block support of bottom filling.Shield machine starts to move forward
When 1.8m, guide rail is performed in time and extends basis.
Before Forward, it should weld anti-torsion bracing members in shield machine both sides.
(5) it originates and opens a position
It is carried out in three steps when opening a position：
The first step squeezes into the ready slurries in mud field in excavation face, keep excavate storehouse mud liquid level be maintained at center line with
Upper 3 meters.
Second step slowly pressurizes to air pressure storehouse, and pressurization every time is not higher than 0.1bar, by the slip casting on portal sealing ring
Hole, which is opened, exhausts air, while paying attention to checking that the liquid level in front and back storehouse is shown in shield machine.When the injected hole of the top starts to spray
When going out mud, the valve of the injected hole is closed.At this moment, liquid level in bubble storehouse is checked, if liquid level is in center line -0.5m-+0.5m
Between, it is not required to adjust, if except this range, starts mud circulating system, fine tuning liquid level to the range, notch pressure is aobvious at this time
It is shown as 0.
Third walks, and air pressure is to 2.6bar in promotion bubble storehouse, and keeps 2.6bar pressure 15 minutes.Observation has No leakage etc.
It is abnormal, if so, taking leaking-stopping measure；If nothing slowly reduces air pressure, until notch pressure is slowly tuned into 0bar.
When carrying out above three step, observation portal seals situation, timely leak stopping.Such as occur on a small scale leak can be used cotton,
The materials such as cotton yarn, sandbag, polyurethane, tail seal grease of shield carry out positive closure, and suitably increase mud and caulking polymer slurry
The viscosity of liquid.Larger leakage such as occurs need to stop filling mud immediately, ascertain the reason and can continue injection mud after being disposed.
To built-in pipe injects plugging material between rubber cord, between cord and second sealing brush while opening a position, the
Seal grease is injected between one of sealing brush and second sealing brush.
(6) portal secondary seal
Rubber cord sealing and plugging
Before opening a position, inject plugging material between rubber cord in advance, muddy water open a position during according to rubber cord leak feelings
Condition is added by the grease injection hole on sealing ring (between first of cord and the sealing of second cord) near breakthrough
Mud of the note added with NSHS-2 types blocks the gap between cord rubber and shield body.
Sealing agent NSHS-2 materials are quasi- to be injected using piston type grouting pump.
Portal secondary seal
Shield machine tunnels forward, after last one of the wire brush of shield tail is completely into sealing ring, at this time at sealing ring
Installation is nullring section of jurisdiction, the steel plate of the pre-buried 500mm wide in design nullring section of jurisdiction lateral surface one side, pre-embedded steel slab thickness 10mm.It waits for
After shield machine shield tail passes completely through sealing plate, with 20mm thickness sealing steel plate by the pre-buried steel on the outside of Circular Plate edge and 0 endless tube piece
Plate welds, and forms secondary seal, it is ensured that shield mud hydraulic pressure balances, and sealing effect is improved, to ensure the suitable of shield synchronization slip casting
Profit is implemented.Secondary seal weld bead height 10mm, it is desirable that weld seam is continuous, non-leakage.Secondary seal is higher by Circular Plate 50mm with steel plate,
Concrete condition can be adjusted according to gap between Circular Plate and 0 endless tube piece.
Portal secondary seal is completed, and shield launching technological process is completed, and shield formally enters examination phase of boring.It is applicable in model
It encloses:
This engineering method is suitable for the shield launching technique of major diameter worn the cross-river tunnel engineering of river using shield construction.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
Quality is high：Reliable, portal sealed reliable, no seepage and no leakage are reinforced before launching shaft hole.
It is safe：The engineering method effectively avoids various risks in large-diameter shield origination process, substantially increases
The safety of production.
Construction cost is low：The mechanical equipment and material used relative to other measures, the engineering method is conventional material, cost
It is low.
Performance analysis:
The assembly working that No. 8 line cross-river tunnels of Wuhan subway started shield machine on 2 16th, 2017, May 28 are smooth
It originates, completion of opening a position June 8, June, the sealing of 12 twice-daily was completed.Only whole group of 3 months used times completion large-diameter shield machine
Dress, completed to bear that ring is assembled and open a position and secondary seal operation, this is the duration in pervious big shield-tunneling construction with 14 day time
It is shortest.
During shield launching, to ensure that engineering safety is smooth, takes and originate pedestal and main body to backfill label consistent
1000 side's concrete of " facing combination forever " structure, cost-effective about 4,000,000 yuan.Steel reaction frame is dropped than the cost of concrete reaction frame
Low 500,000 yuan, and the dismountable recycling of modular reaction frame.The engineering method technological process of it is proposed is practical, economic conjunction
Reason ensure that the safety and progress of engineering, save 1 month duration, 3,000,000 yuan of indirect economic effect.Guarantee is originated simultaneously
It safety, quality and accelerates construction progress and plays very important meaning.
The good super-large-diameter shield that solves is originated the risk problem encountered by the arrangement and method for construction and technical measures of use, can
There is good popularization and good reference value during in China, large-diameter shield originates.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
The rivers highly permeable stratum major diameter slurry shield provided in this embodiment that closes on originates safely construction, including under
Row step：(1) pedestal and reaction frame structure construction are originated
It originates pedestal and uses cast-in-situ reinforced concrete structure, it is that arcuate structure is divided to shield tail pedestal and shield body pedestal two to originate pedestal
Point, the parallel longitudinal shield center line of pedestal.The gap for having 10cm between shield machine shell and pedestal, for welding guide rail.Pedestal
Longitudinal pre-buried 300*300H shaped steel, top are welded with 100*100 square steel, longitudinal that one of ribbed stiffener is arranged every 10cm, and weld seam is high
Degree is not less than 8mm.The track that square steel is slided as shield casing.Construct starting well bottom plate when pre- doweling, will originate pedestal and
Bottom plate connects into an entirety, makes pedestal shearing resistance bigger when originating.
Shield tail pedestal long 13.55m, wide 5.4m, four shield machine dragging tracks of longitudinally asymmetric arrangement, with shield machine center line
Angle is respectively 41.4 °, 81.3 °.Respectively 5 500mm thickness concrete walls of arrangement support shield launching pedestal to pedestal south and north flanks.It is vertical
To reserved twice groove, groove provides operating space for shield assembly welding, reserves groove width 1m.
Shield precursor, the middle long 13.1m of body pedestal, wide 9.5m, four shield machine dragging tracks of longitudinally asymmetric arrangement, with shield
Machine centerlines are respectively 41.4 °, 88.15 °.Each pre-buried I-steel when the basement construction of shield body both sides.Work as shield machine
When driving, due to the knife cutting soil body, cause a reaction force so that shield body may twist, therefore we are in shield body
Upper welding machine steel member, the steel member other end resist the pre-buried I-steel in pedestal both sides.
One of groove is laterally reserved between two pedestals, width 1.1m provides operating space for shield assembly welding.Longitudinal ditch
50b I-shaped bracing members, I-steel both ends and two pieces of 600*600*20mm concrete pedestal pre-buried steels are set up between slot, lateral trench
Plate welds.Groove, groove width 1.1m, in addition, originating the pre-buried 300*300 in pedestal upper end are laterally reserved between two pedestals together
Antitorque I-steel.50b I-shaped bracing members, I-steel both ends and two pieces of 600*600* are set up between longitudinal groove, lateral trench
20mm concrete pedestal pre-embedded steel slabs weld.
Head is planted for ease of shield launching and after offsetting shield launching, adjusts structure top surface in originating basement construction.
Specific adjustment size is to originate to originate at portal and raise 20mm at pedestal according to shield design centre line, with this point to big mileage
Direction, which extends, does not raise at a shield machine length (14.307m) (by design value).With this 2 points other positions of control that are in line
Size is adjusted, after shield launching completely attaches to diaphragm wall, cutter head of shield machine processing opinion raises 25mm.
Reaction frame uses steel reaction frame, is made of door frame and steel loop two large divisions, door frame is by two crossbeam of box structure and two
Vertical beam group welds portal structures, thickness 1800mm；Steel loop is welded into I-shape construction by annular the above, the lower lid and web group, interior
Diameter 11.10m, outer diameter 12.1m, thickness 1000mm, reaction frame overall thickness 2800mm.6 diameter 800mm are set up behind reaction frame
Steel pipe is used for Auxiliary support.Material therefor mainly uses Q345B high-strength steel.After -8 rings install, -8 rings and reaction frame it
Between the gaps 900cm be attached using Φ 350mm wall thickness 20mm steel pipes.Predominantly shield launching provides firm stress support,
Shield structure jack is set there are enough opposite forces that shield machine is pushed to advance.
(2) foundation stabilization is originated
To ensure that shield machine is safe and smooth originates, to starting well end using plain wall+mixing pile+high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile handle into
Row foundation stabilization.Simultaneously to ensure shield launching safety, 8 mouthfuls of emergent deep well points are set inside and outside stabilization zone, as shield launching
Emergency measure, start immediately once there are the dangerous situations such as water burst.
(1) foundation stabilization range and form
The soil body in a certain range of active well end should be reinforced before shield launching, consider ground construction condition
And geological conditions, this section west sides Xu Jiapeng shield well end is using ground mixing pile+periphery setting C15 elements diaphram wall+2
Arrange rotary churning pile closure+dewatering mode.Mixing pile usesRotary churning pile usesIt is set in stabilization zone periphery
U-shaped C15 elements diaphram wall is set, all around closed water stop curtain structure is formed with Xu family's canopy station diaphram wall.Plain concrete
Outside built-in slip casting pipe in wall seam crossing.After the western end well agent structure in Xu family's canopy station is finished, at all around closed end
Head carries out precipitation in stabilization zone, it is ensured that level of ground water is down to tunnel bottom or less 2m, can carry out shield launching.Precipitation is applied in portal
It could stop when work is completed and intensity meets design requirement.
Rotary churning pile and mixing pile construction parameter are determined according to practical geological condition field test, are met with the ground after reinforcing
Design requirement is principle.The cement mixed weight of mixing pile should before construction according to stratigraphic type carry out incorporation intensity and other
The contrast test of parameter.Mixing pile cement mixed weight is not less than 20%, and mixing pile sky stake cement mixed weight takes 7%, using 42.5
Grade Portland cement.Every meter of cement consumption recommended value of rotary churning pile takes 250Kg/m.Rotary churning pile reinforcing is gone along with sb. to guard him overlap joint with station and is answered
Not less than 300mm, ensure reinforcing body occlusion, if the density effect for going along with sb. to guard him seam with station is bad, it is contemplated that increase overlap joint and
Supplement slip casting.The reinforced soil body should have good homogenieity, independence, unconfined compressive strength to be not less than 1.0MPa, infiltration
Coefficient is less than 10-7/cm/sec。
Before headwall building enclosure punches, horizontal inspecting hole is first applied, examines end soil body consolidation effect, it is desirable that part inspecting hole is only
Have and drip, the infiltration total amount without silt particle in water, and in 24 hours is not more than 5L.If any leak or it is impervious design effect is not achieved,
Owner, design, management analysis reason should be notified in time and make corresponding remedial measure.Horizontal inspecting hole is not less than 5, is distributed in
The upper and lower and left and right quadrantal points and central point of agent structure reserving hole, horizontal inspecting hole length are not less than 3m.
Shield launching end is squeegeeed reinforcing using plain wall+mixing pile+high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile, and reinforcing scope is that width is shield tunnel
Each 5m in road both sides, for reinforcement depth to arch bottom 5m, length is along shield driving direction longitudinal direction 15m.Wide 22.1m × the length of reinforcing body
15m × depth 32.1m, wherein reinforcement depth reinforce an area (i.e. weak stabilization zone, stabilization zone from earth's surface to the above 5m of tunnel vault
It is about 10.1m), above 5m to inverted arch or less the 5m of tunnel vault are to reinforce 2nd area (i.e. strong stabilization zone, stabilization zone is about 22.1m).
(2) foundation stabilization index
The cement mixed weight for reinforcing an area is 7%, and the cement mixed weight for reinforcing 2nd area is 20%, common using P42.5 grades
Portland cement.The intensity for reinforcing an area is not less than the intensity of undisturbed soil, reinforces two area's soil stabilization intensity indexs：No lateral spacing is anti-
Compressive Strength qu >=1MPa, infiltration coefficient≤1 × 10-7Cm/s, while ensuring the uniformity of soil mass consolidation, leakproofness and independence.
Accurately to examine reinforcing and the waterproof effect of stabilization zone, increase the quantity of stabilization zone coring, to the uniform of reinforcing body
The indexs such as property, intensity and anti-permeability performance are observed and are detected.Coring depth is set to 31m (stabilization zone stake long 32.1m), after coring
Cavity using slip casting block.
(3) dewatering well of meeting an urgent need is arranged
In stabilization zone both sides, respectively 8 mouthfuls of dewatering wells of arrangement, 5m/ mouthfuls, well depth 45m of dewatering well spacing, well casing use 325 steel of Φ
Pipe, chimney filter length 10m.
The construction of dewatering well and pumping water discharge time are combined according to geological conditions and reinforcing condition and the bailing test of dewatering well
It carries out, but need to ensure that portal abolishes level of ground water in preceding stabilization zone and is down to tunnel shielding portal bottom or less 2m or more.
(4) portal sealing and the installation of rubber cord
(1) portal sealing ring
Shield machine active well portal pre-buried steel ring design is the annulus harden structure of width 800mm, steel loop medial surface diameter
13m。
Sealing steel ring is made of sealing plate, stiffener, Circular Plate, turnover panel, twice cord rubber slab and two seals wire brush.
Sealing ring domain anchor ring is vertical with shield machine design axis, and stiffener is arranged on the inside of sealing plate.
Steel loop is embedded in agent structure vertically, and setting dowel is embedded in agent structure on the outside of steel loop.Sealing steel ring is distinguished
Design 1Grouting Pipe (wall thickness 4mm) is used for rubber cord leak stopping；It is evenly arranged at totally 24 along annulus, on the inside of portal
Soil stabilization slip casting.Built-in pipe is circumferentially uniformly distributed, and is connected to steel loop medial surface, for being noted during shield launching
The needs of slurry, grease injection.
(2) portal sealing ring is installed
Sealing steel ring is installed according to designed lines portal position.It measures and determines on pre-buried portal ring flange face when installation
Position sealing steel ring piecemeal line, and make mark.Sealing steel ring proposes 4 pieces of meter and lifts respectively, and scene uses 25t crane liftings, matches
Artificial progress piecemeal lifting is closed to be welded on portal flange face.Sealing steel ring requires to firmly install, sealing, using two-sided welding,
And sealing ring is securely fastened on pre-buried portal ring by interior outside stiffener.
(3) installation of rubber cord, pressing plate
Bolt hole is set in sealing steel ring Circular Plate, cord rubber slab is fixed on by Circular Plate and close using M20 bolts
Between seal ring steel plate.Circular Plate is located on the inside of sealing plate, is fixed on portal sealing ring steel plate for four pieces by bolt point.Circular Plate with
Turnover panel is connected by axis pin, clearance breadth 45cm between twice turnover panel, rigid support of the turnover panel as cord rubber seal.
First sealing ring is welded on the flange face of pre-buried portal steel loop before shield launching, after having abolished portal, by rubber
Rubberized cord and Circular Plate are bolted on sealing ring steel plate, are finally connected to steel folded plate in Circular Plate by shipping and reselling on another market.
Since rubber curtain cloth size is larger, rubber cord will lie prostrate after installation is complete in bottom cord to portal direction, right
It opens a position and has a certain impact in muddy water.To avoid the generation of such case, in twice cord internal layer, need that one layer of 1mm thickness is installed
Steel spring plate be located at upright state for support top cord.
(4) portal abolishes construction
Mainly there is diaphram wall to influence shield launching, the diaphram wall within the scope of portal within the scope of shield launching portal
It cuts during construction is arranged in shield machine assembly and adjustment, arch bottom or less the side 2m is down to by design requirement ensuring end soil body water level
Can carry out.
Consider shield machine assembly site actual conditions, cuts the influence assembled to shield to reduce portal to the greatest extent, and in shield
Structure can be originated when being completed and be appeared as early as possible, and the diaphragm wall wall thickness 1200mm within the scope of portal is cut at twice.For the first time
It cuts to be arranged in after cutterhead is gone into the well and carry out, abolish outside concrete 90cm, divest ground-connecting-wall internal layer reinforcing bar；It cuts for the second time
It is arranged in after the completion of -6 ring pipe sheet assembling of shield machine, concrete chisel removal and clear quarrel work, chisel are a few days ago completed in shield launching Forward
Except concrete thickness 30cm.Ensure to complete before shield launching it is all cut and cleaning work, and the face exposed time is no more than
Two days.
It cuts concrete and sets up steel pipe support, holder uses 48 seamless steel pipes of Φ, 90 × 90cm of spacing, floor height 90cm to indulge
To setting up three rows.It is connected using fastener between steel pipe, stent outer drawing sets close mesh protection network.It is close with portal in front of pedestal originating
Clear quarrel job platform is set up between seal ring, the concrete under cutting is cut goes out foundation pit using suspension bucket by loop wheel machine handling.
Determining, the negative ring of axis is originated to arrange
The axis arrangement of shield launching is determined according to the axis that actually originates of each engineering, due to the body length model of shield machine
It is straight line to enclose interior, and shield tail enter portal before must not do larger correction, avoid shield tail and portal from being formed and interlock.Therefore it is originating
When cannot achieve correction, straightway is originated by design axis, curved section can be designed in range it is pre- partially, avoid in origination process
Axis deviation is exceeded, and No. 8 line shield launching sondages of Wuhan subway are begun into the circular curve in section tunnel midline plane being R=700m
Originating party to determination it is most important.Shield launching initial stage, in order to provide enough thrust and keep reaction frame, negative endless tube piece steady
It is fixed, shield machine must along linear advancement, when shield machine host integrally enters tunnel, shield tail completely disengages originate pedestal after, ability
Start to turn.Shield machine principal length 14.38m, therefore, shield machine distance of linear advancement after starting well are up to
15m.Due to this section of tunnel center line be 700m radiuses circular curve, during linear advancement 15m, shield tunnel axis with set
Meter shaft line will generate certain deviation；After linear advancement 15m, shield machine proceeds by correction, and correction curve also can with design axis
There is certain deviation.To ensure that deviation closes rule between actual tunnel axis and design axis, intends taking before shield launching
Portal ring deviates pre-buried measure, and the later stage continues correction to meet the requirements when tunneling.I.e. the pre-buried ring of portal is right toward tunnel piercing direction
Side deviates 100mm, and the vertical portal pre-buried steel ring of shield machine, i.e. straight line originate when originating.In shield machine shield body completely into portal
Start to rectify a deviation (about 15m) after pre-buried steel loop, be calculated according to past construction experiences and this tunnel duct piece wedge shape amount size, it is contemplated that per ring
Correction amount is up to 15mm.If according to every ring 15mm Deviation Correction Constructions, the 9th ring can make tunnel actual axle after shield machine starts correction
Line is overlapped with design axis, reaches code requirement.Correction length is 18m, after the practical axis in tunnel is located at correction with design axis
4th ring, maximum offset 117mm.This scheme maximum offset slightly exceeds design permissible value (100mm), but in construction in later period
The practical axis in tunnel can be made to meet design with design axis deviant by (in design allowable range) two thickness of the liner degree of adjustment to want
It asks.Therefore, after shield machine is originated with the offset of this direction, each expected deviation value can be met the requirements.
Negative ring is assembled
The positive ring starting mileage of this engineering is right CK12+949.653, since station is irregular station, considers shield well main body
Structure, the composite factors such as counter-force rack position, the consideration of this engineering need 8 rings to bear ring, this engineering altogether when originating from reaction frame to positive ring
Negative ring uses armored concrete pipe ring.
Summation
- 8 rings bear the first ring of ring assembly as us, and erection method is there are two types of selection, and one on the basis of steel bears ring
Assembly, second is that empty spell.We compare the advantage and disadvantage of two kinds of erection methods, as shown in the table：
Second of erection method is selected after considering：Concrete is born annular space and is spelled.
After shield machine is debugged, you can proceed by the installation of negative endless tube piece.This engineering bears endless tube piece outer diameter
12100mm, internal diameter 11100mm, totally 8 ring, is ordered as -8~-1, is reinforced concrete segment, ring width 2000mm, section of jurisdiction is logical
Include 5 pieces of calibrated bolcks, 2 pieces of adjacent blocks, 1 piece of block that binds per endless tube piece with structure type.
Negative ring uses Type B concrete pipe sheet.To ensure the convenience of assembled stability and the dismounting of negative ring, -8 ring seal jacking blocks
It is designed as 1 position, first piece of assembled bottom B3 block；- 7 ring seal jacking blocks are 21 positions, first piece of assembled bottom B3 block, -8, -
6, -4, -2, circling point position is identical, and -7, -5, -3, -1 circling point position is all 21 points (specific point can adjust according to field condition).For
Ensure that assembled position is correct, it is unlikely after cyclization to be subjected to displacement or ellipse change, when section of jurisdiction produces, ring, longitudinal bolt it is upper and lower right
Inside and outside cambered surface is answered to be respectively provided with pre-embedded steel slab, section of jurisdiction (is welded with 1cm thickness after the completion of erecting ring in whole using 20# I-steel between wing plate
Steel plate is rib, spacing 10cm) pre-embedded steel slab between section of jurisdiction ring inner loop and ring, block and block is welded.Section of jurisdiction will be same after deviating from shield tail
Sample is welded pre-embedded steel slab outside the ring of section of jurisdiction using 20# ribbings I-steel.
2.2 assembled -8 and -7 rings
After shield machine debugging finishes arrival originating location, very heavy boots (being fully retracted) of shoring are apart from reaction frame maximum distance
6015mm；After -8 rings are in place, front end face (stretchs out) 1365mm completely apart from very heavy boots of shoring, and jack stroke is maximum
3000mm.Therefore, final position is reached to -8 rings, it is necessary to which after sky spells -8 rings and -7 rings, two rings integrally move to final afterwards together
Position.And using -7 ring front end faces as the assembled reference plane of -6 rings and the reference plane of whole tunnel segment assembly.
Due to being that complete sky is spelled, in place (especially first piece B3) of the section of jurisdiction in shield tail will fully rely on external cushion block
Be welded and fixed, therefore, -8 rings and -7 rings are conveniently welded and fixed in both sides of the face pre-embedded steel slab.
- 8 rings first weld guide rail and limiting plate before carrying out empty spell.Guide rail is arranged between jack and tail sealing brush,
It is made of 90mm square steel, position is identical as originating station guide rail position, is arranged backward since away from very heavy top end face 500mm, long
2000mm.Limiting plate is limited away from welding 20# ribbing I-steel at the positions 2800mm~3000mm of pusher jack end,
I-steel centre-to-centre spacing jack end 2900mm.10mm steel plates are set between I-steel wing plate as floor, spacing 100mm.Add
The high 640mm of rib I-steel, top are welded using 20# I-steel and limit ribbing I-steel and section of jurisdiction pre-embedded steel slab, and I-steel is long
400mm.Every piece of section of jurisdiction of ribbing I-steel is arranged two.(ribbing I-steel is after preventing section of jurisdiction from being influenced generation by jack thrust
It moves, top I-steel is to prevent from causing to deviate to segment assembly when pipe sheet assembling.) square steel is also welded with support boots in front of another cutterhead,
To prevent shield machine Forward or section of jurisdiction can not be compressed.It supports boots to be made of 100mm square steel, long 500mm.
After -8 ring cyclization, all bolts are tightened, (pass through pre-buried steel per 3 ribbing Interal fixation of adjacent two block welding
Plate), to prevent its ellipse change.All external stability bracing members are cut off later, 2300mm will be moved after -8 ring domains with jack, at it
Front end face welding L-shaped steel plate plays fixed function (- 7 first piece of rings are seen piece assembly position and do not welded).With -8 rings make reference rings by
Block -7 rings of assembly.After -7 first piece of ring assembly are good, it is connect with -8 rings by bolt, and fixed in one end welding steel, then
Its assembled adjacent block again, and so on, assembled complete -7 ring.
It must be noted that be welded and fixed at twice during assembled, fixed form and welding opportunity are different, in assembly
In the process, it before vacuum cup does not leave section of jurisdiction, needs to constrain section of jurisdiction and fixed, it at this time can only be by welding L-type
Steel plate constrains in section of jurisdiction in shield tail.
Before the cyclization of section of jurisdiction, domain section of jurisdiction will all be fixed in this way, and cannot chisel pre-embedded steel slab and be welded and fixed, and prevent from spelling
Vacuum cup can not operation when during dress just in case needing again to remove section of jurisdiction.
It is the same with -8 rings after completing -7 ring assembly, at least 3 pieces of Interal fixations are welded per adjacent two pieces of sections of jurisdiction, to ensure to justify
Degree, meanwhile, -7 every piece of rings will also be welded with -8 rings, to ensure the rigidity of two endless tube pieces.
- 7 ring front end face of 2.3 leveling
After -8 rings, -7 annular spaces are spelled and moved after whole, position fully relies on the constraint of shield tail brush, along tunnel axis direction
Only jack can play effect of contraction.
- 7 ring front end faces by the assembled benchmark as -6 rings, -6 rings should can on this benchmark easier cyclization, and
Circumferential gap is uniform after cyclization, and (if there are horn mouth, the assembled of follow-up section of jurisdiction in the process can put the horn mouth no horn mouth
It greatly, must not the no longer assembled benchmark of secondary searching).
Therefore, certain energy should be spent accurately to adjust the front end face of -7 rings at this time.As previously mentioned, can only be each by finely tuning
Its front end face of group jack Traffic control system, by measuring class's review end face flatness and circumferential gap theoretically, the end face after adjustment
Flatness and circumferential gap should reach design requirement, and be limited to construction condition, and the ellipse change of transverse direction of -8, -7 rings hardly may be used
It avoids, therefore, the groundwork of adjustment is：Circumferential horn mouth is eliminated, end face flatness is drawn close to design requirement as possible.If circumferential
In the case that horn mouth is eliminated, end face flatness does not still reach requirement, and can be given by way of pasting plank, cork gasket
Adjustment.
The fixation of 2.4-8 rings and reaction frame
After the adjustment of -7 rings is in place, bears to pass through between endless tube piece and reaction frame in -8 rings and weld Φ 350mm wall thickness 20mm steel pipes
Mode connect.Pre-buried 22 blocks of steel plates when section of jurisdiction makes, reaction frame are steel reaction frame, directly and steel-pipe welding.
2.5 assembled -6 rings
- 6 rings will be the reference rings of this tunnel truly, and assembled quality will influence the assembly speed of follow-up section of jurisdiction
Degree and quality.
As previously mentioned, when the assembly of this ring, absolutely not allow the non-uniform situation in circumferential gap occur.Solving this main lance
On the basis of shield, ensure that end face is smooth and circularity (measuring chord length between 2 points of class's review).
During assembly, bolt can be tightened, but whether according to circumferential gap uniformly, the portion that can will be connect with -7 rings
Bolt is divided to unclamp.Therefore, during assembled, per one piece of section of jurisdiction (especially upper semi-circle section of jurisdiction) in place, it is necessary to use steel plate and L
Shape steel plate is fixed.It should be noted that the fixation steel plate during assembled, is welded in -7 rings and shield tail, and its
Fixed position is except vacuum cup sealing range, and welding opportunity is before vacuum cup leaves section of jurisdiction.
After cyclization, determine that circumferential direction gap is uniform, front end face is smooth and then chisels pre-embedded steel slab and is welded and fixed.
2.6 other assembled negative rings
After -6 ring assembly, the support boots in front of cutterhead are cut off, shield machine starts to promote, and starts after reaching 2800mm strokes
Assembled -5 rings.Every piece of section of jurisdiction block-by-block is into the connection between row block and block, ring and ring when -5 ring assembly.The same manner is with this assembly-
4, -3, -2, -1 ring.
Reinforcing, the support of 2.7 negative rings
After shield tail is deviate from section of jurisdiction, pre-embedded steel slab welding outside section of jurisdiction need to be carried out in time.As the purpose of interior welds,
Ensure the rigidity of section of jurisdiction ring as possible.
It after shield tail is deviate from section of jurisdiction, needs to support in time, support is divided into three parts：
(1) bquster is inserted between section of jurisdiction and shield machine guide rail square steel (for right-angled trapezium, the long 500mm of top margin, bottom side length
1000mm, high 670mm, 53 degree of slope angle, using 32# I-steel, top is respectively welded with one block of 1.5cm steel plate and is made), it is ensured that pipe
Piece does not drop.Bquster spacing 1m, is arranged at segment joint and section of jurisdiction is central.
(2) supported in section of jurisdiction side-lower welding H-bar.
(3) bracing members are welded after shield tail is deviate from section of jurisdiction in shield body both sides horizontal direction to squeeze between bracing members and section of jurisdiction
Timber wedge compresses.
Shield machine moves forward
When -8, -7, -6 endless tube pieces shift design position onto and between reaction frame after the completion of section steel reinforcement, shield machine moves forward
1650mm, assembled -5 rings.It must assure that all preparations are completed before shield machine Forward, all devices are in shape, hole
Door cuts completion and cleans out recrement.When Forward, need to check whether shield shell, sliding rail, trolley and reaction frame have barrier shadow
Ring shield machine Forward.
Shield machine thrust is slowly increased by 0, until pushing shield machine, shield machine is kept to be advanced slowly.It is most short very heavy
Shield machine stops Forward, assembled -5 endless tube pieces when top stroke reaches 2800.
Shield machine pays attention to the observation assembled posture situation and connection for completing section of jurisdiction when moving forward, have shakiness if any section of jurisdiction
It happens, stops Forward at once, find out problem, could continue to move forward after having solved.Forward has to pass through project management department each time
Leader notifies in writing.
There are the anti-torsion block for preventing shield machine from reversing in shield machine both sides, and when the hauling-out of anti-torsion block originates bracket, cut in time
It removes, tie point will be cut off totally, prevent anti-torsion block from being damaged to portal.
When shield machine promotes -5 ring, cutter head of shield machine slowly enters portal circle sealing cord at this time, and portal circle surrounding must
It must ensure there are 6 positions to be observed, and unimpeded with keeping in touch inside shield machine.There are some position cutterhead contact portal sealings
When baffle, hard stop.Observe the relative size of sealing plate and shield machine shell and design deviation whether can in tolerance range,
Continue to promote after confirmation.
- 4 rings promote 1000mm or so, and cutterhead shuts down, opens a position with a distance from face 20cm at this time.It is noted in portal sealing
Seal grease and plugging material continue to promote after slip casting, greasing.
When+2 rings promote 1500mm or so, shield tail is all exposed in 0 ring pre-embedded steel slab position, welds secondary seal, continues to push away
Into.
The posture that shield machine is checked continually on during shield machine Forward changes situation, takes timely measure, and controls
Posture.It to weld steel part in time when shield tail is deviate from section of jurisdiction to reinforce, the wooden wedge block support of bottom filling.Shield machine starts to move forward
When 1.8m, guide rail is performed in time and extends basis.
Before Forward, it should weld anti-torsion bracing members in shield machine both sides.
(5) it originates and opens a position
It is carried out in three steps when opening a position：
The first step squeezes into the ready slurries in mud field in excavation face, keep excavate storehouse mud liquid level be maintained at center line with
Upper 3 meters.
Second step slowly pressurizes to air pressure storehouse, and pressurization every time is not higher than 0.1bar, by the slip casting on portal sealing ring
Hole, which is opened, exhausts air, while paying attention to checking that the liquid level in front and back storehouse is shown in shield machine.When the injected hole of the top starts to spray
When going out mud, the valve of the injected hole is closed.At this moment, liquid level in bubble storehouse is checked, if liquid level is in center line -0.5m-+0.5m
Between, it is not required to adjust, if except this range, starts mud circulating system, fine tuning liquid level to the range, notch pressure is aobvious at this time
It is shown as 0.
Third walks, and air pressure is to 2.6bar in promotion bubble storehouse, and keeps 2.6bar pressure 15 minutes.Observation has No leakage etc.
It is abnormal, if so, taking leaking-stopping measure；If nothing slowly reduces air pressure, until notch pressure is slowly tuned into 0bar.
When carrying out above three step, observation portal seals situation, timely leak stopping.Such as occur on a small scale leak can be used cotton,
The materials such as cotton yarn, sandbag, polyurethane, tail seal grease of shield carry out positive closure, and suitably increase mud and caulking polymer slurry
The viscosity of liquid.Larger leakage such as occurs need to stop filling mud immediately, ascertain the reason and can continue injection mud after being disposed.
To built-in pipe injects plugging material between rubber cord, between cord and second sealing brush while opening a position, the
Seal grease is injected between one of sealing brush and second sealing brush.
(6) portal secondary seal
Rubber cord sealing and plugging
Before opening a position, inject plugging material between rubber cord in advance, muddy water open a position during according to rubber cord leak feelings
Condition is added by the grease injection hole on sealing ring (between first of cord and the sealing of second cord) near breakthrough
Mud of the note added with NSHS-2 types blocks the gap between cord rubber and shield body.
Sealing agent NSHS-2 materials are quasi- to be injected using piston type grouting pump.
Portal secondary seal
Shield machine tunnels forward, after last one of the wire brush of shield tail is completely into sealing ring, at this time at sealing ring
Installation is nullring section of jurisdiction, the steel plate of the pre-buried 500mm wide in design nullring section of jurisdiction lateral surface one side, pre-embedded steel slab thickness 10mm.It waits for
After shield machine shield tail passes completely through sealing plate, with 20mm thickness sealing steel plate by the pre-buried steel on the outside of Circular Plate edge and 0 endless tube piece
Plate welds, and forms secondary seal, it is ensured that shield mud hydraulic pressure balances, and sealing effect is improved, to ensure the suitable of shield synchronization slip casting
Profit is implemented.Secondary seal weld bead height 10mm, it is desirable that weld seam is continuous, non-leakage.Secondary seal is higher by Circular Plate 50mm with steel plate,
Concrete condition can be adjusted according to gap between Circular Plate and 0 endless tube piece.
Portal secondary seal is completed, and shield launching technological process is completed, and shield formally enters examination phase of boring.
2 case history of embodiment
Project profile
No. 8 one phase of line civil engineerings three of Wuhan subway are marked, including one section of a station, section is river-crossing tunnel, using one-tunnel two-tracks
Design, 12.1 meters of tunnel outer diameter, a diameter of 12.51 meters of the slurry shield machine of shield machine, shield launching place is located at Avenue de la Paix
West side Xu man canopy community work well spacing is 26 meters from residential house minimum distance.
Condition of construction
No. 8 line cross-river tunnel shields of Wuhan subway were originated on May 28th, 2016, were penetrated through within 9th in August in 2017.
Engineering monitoring and evaluation of result
The engineering method effectively overcomes shield launching staged construction and safety, quality outstanding problem easily occurs, it is determined that big straight
Diameter shield originates safely construction technology and technique, it has been proved by practice that portal originates section of jurisdiction accurate positioning, no faulting of slab ends after shield launching
Crack, section of jurisdiction ne-leakage, section of jurisdiction and sealing steel plate welding are reliable at portal, and the later stage, external cast-in-place portal was reliable and stable, ne-leakage.
There is good promotional value in similar construction.
Claims (1)
1. closing on rivers highly permeable stratum major diameter slurry shield originates safely construction, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
（One）Originate pedestal and reaction frame structure construction
Originate pedestal use cast-in-situ reinforced concrete structure, originate pedestal be arcuate structure point shield tail pedestal and shield body pedestal two parts,
The parallel longitudinal shield center line of pedestal；The gap for having 10cm between shield machine shell and pedestal, for welding guide rail；Pedestal is longitudinal
Pre-buried 300*300H shaped steel, top are welded with 100*100 square steel, and longitudinal that one of ribbed stiffener is arranged every 10cm, weld bead height is not
Less than 8mm；The track that square steel is slided as shield casing；Pre- doweling, will originate pedestal and bottom plate when construction starting well bottom plate
An entirety is connected into, pedestal shearing resistance bigger when originating is made；
Shield tail pedestal long 13.55m, wide 5.4m, four shield machine dragging tracks of longitudinally asymmetric arrangement, with shield machine centerlines
Respectively 41.4 °, 81.3 °；Respectively 5 500mm thickness concrete walls of arrangement support shield launching pedestal to pedestal south and north flanks；It is longitudinal pre-
It stays twice groove, groove to provide operating space for shield assembly welding, reserves groove width 1m；
Shield precursor, the middle long 13.1m of body pedestal, wide 9.5m, four shield machine dragging tracks of longitudinally asymmetric arrangement, and in shield machine
Heart wire clamp angle is respectively 41.4 °, 88.15 °；Each pre-buried I-steel when the basement construction of shield body both sides；When shield machine tunnels
When, due to the knife cutting soil body, cause a reaction force so that shield body may twist, therefore the welding machine steel in shield body
Component, the steel member other end resist the pre-buried I-steel in pedestal both sides；
One of groove is laterally reserved between two pedestals, width 1.1m provides operating space for shield assembly welding；Longitudinal groove,
50b I-shaped bracing members, I-steel both ends and two pieces of 600*600*20mm concrete pedestal pre-embedded steel slabs are set up between lateral trench
Welding；Groove, groove width 1.1m, in addition, anti-originating the pre-buried 300*300 in pedestal upper end are laterally reserved between two pedestals together
Turn round I-steel；50b I-shaped bracing members, I-steel both ends and two pieces of 600*600*20mm are set up between longitudinal groove, lateral trench
Concrete pedestal pre-embedded steel slab welds；
Head is planted for ease of shield launching and after offsetting shield launching, adjusts structure top surface in originating basement construction；Specifically
It is to originate to originate at portal and raise 20mm at pedestal according to shield design centre line to adjust size, with this point to big mileage direction
Extend a shield machine length（14.307m）Place does not raise（By design value）；With the other position adjustment of this 2 points controls that are in line
Size, after shield launching completely attaches to diaphragm wall, cutter head of shield machine processing opinion raises 25mm；
Reaction frame uses steel reaction frame, is made of door frame and steel loop two large divisions, door frame is by two crossbeam of box structure and two vertical beams
Group weldering portal structures, thickness 1800mm；Steel loop is welded into I-shape construction, internal diameter by annular the above, the lower lid and web group
11.10m, outer diameter 12.1m, thickness 1000mm, reaction frame overall thickness 2800mm；6 800 mm of diameter are set up behind reaction frame
Steel pipe is used for Auxiliary support；Material therefor mainly uses Q345B high-strength steel；After -8 rings install, -8 rings and reaction frame
Between the gaps 900cm be attached using Φ 350mm wall thickness 20mm steel pipes；Predominantly shield launching provides firm stress branch
Support makes shield structure jack have enough opposite forces that shield machine is pushed to advance；
（Two）Originate foundation stabilization
It is originated to ensure that shield machine is safe and smooth, carries out ground using plain wall+mixing pile+high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile processing to starting well end
Base is reinforced；Simultaneously to ensure shield launching safety, 8 mouthfuls of emergent deep well points are set inside and outside stabilization zone, as answering for shield launching
Anxious measure starts immediately once there are the dangerous situations such as water burst；
(1) foundation stabilization range and form
Active well end soil body should be reinforced before shield launching；
Rotary churning pile and mixing pile construction parameter are determined according to practical geological condition field test, meet design with the ground after reinforcing
It is required that being principle；The cement mixed weight of mixing pile should carry out the intensity and other parameters of incorporation before construction according to stratigraphic type
Contrast test；Mixing pile cement mixed weight is not less than 20%, and mixing pile sky stake cement mixed weight takes 7%, common using 42.5 grades
Portland cement；Every meter of cement consumption recommended value of rotary churning pile takes 250Kg/m；Rotary churning pile reinforcing goes along with sb. to guard him overlap joint with station to be not less than
300mm ensures reinforcing body occlusion, if the density effect for going along with sb. to guard him seam with station is bad, it is contemplated that increases overlap joint and supplement note
Slurry；The reinforced soil body should have good homogenieity, independence, unconfined compressive strength to be not less than 1.0MPa, and infiltration coefficient is small
In 10-7/cm/sec；
Before headwall building enclosure punches, horizontal inspecting hole is first applied, examines end soil body consolidation effect, it is desirable that part inspecting hole only drips
Water, without silt particle in water, and the infiltration total amount in 24 hours is not more than 5L；If any leak or it is impervious design effect is not achieved, answer and
Shi Tongzhi owner, design, management analysis reason simultaneously make corresponding remedial measure；Horizontal inspecting hole is not less than 5, is distributed in main body
The upper and lower and left and right quadrantal points and central point of structural reserved holes, horizontal inspecting hole length are not less than 3m；
Shield launching end is squeegeeed reinforcing using plain wall+mixing pile+high-pressure rotary jet grouting pile, and reinforcing scope is that width is shield tunnel two
Each 5m in side, for reinforcement depth to arch bottom 5m, length is along shield driving direction longitudinal direction 15m；The wide 22.1m of reinforcing body × length 15m ×
Depth 32.1m, wherein reinforcement depth from earth's surface to the above 5m of tunnel vault for reinforce an area, the above 5m of tunnel vault to inverted arch with
Lower 5m is to reinforce 2nd area；
(2) foundation stabilization index
The cement mixed weight for reinforcing an area is 7%, and the cement mixed weight for reinforcing 2nd area is 20%, using P42.5 grades of normal silicates
Cement；The intensity for reinforcing an area is not less than the intensity of undisturbed soil, reinforces two area's soil stabilization intensity indexs：Unconfined compressive strength
Qu >=1MPa, infiltration coefficient≤1 × 10-7Cm/s, while ensuring the uniformity of soil mass consolidation, leakproofness and independence；
Accurately to examine reinforcing and the waterproof effect of stabilization zone, increase the quantity of stabilization zone coring, to the uniformity of reinforcing body, strong
The indexs such as degree and anti-permeability performance are observed and are detected；Coring depth is set to 31m, and the cavity after coring is blocked using slip casting；
（Three）Emergent dewatering well arrangement
In stabilization zone both sides, respectively 8 mouthfuls of dewatering wells of arrangement, 5m/ mouthfuls, well depth 45m of dewatering well spacing, well casing use 325 steel pipes of Φ, filter
Length of tube 10m；
The construction of dewatering well and pumping water discharge time are combined according to geological conditions and reinforcing condition and the bailing test of dewatering well to carry out,
But it need to ensure that portal abolishes level of ground water in preceding stabilization zone and is down to tunnel shielding portal bottom or less 2m or more；
（Four）Portal seals and the installation of rubber cord
（1）Portal sealing ring
Shield machine active well portal pre-buried steel ring design is the annulus harden structure of width 800mm, steel loop medial surface diameter 13m；It is close
Envelope steel loop is made of sealing plate, stiffener, Circular Plate, turnover panel, twice cord rubber slab and two seals wire brush；The sealing ring domain
Anchor ring is vertical with shield machine design axis, and stiffener is arranged on the inside of sealing plate；
Steel loop is embedded in agent structure vertically, and setting dowel is embedded in agent structure on the outside of steel loop；Sealing steel ring separately designs 1
φ 50 Grouting Pipes in road are used for rubber cord leak stopping；It is evenly arranged at totally 24 along annulus, for soil stabilization slip casting on the inside of portal；In advance
Pipe laying is circumferentially uniformly distributed, and is connected to steel loop medial surface, for slip casting during shield launching, the needs of grease injection；
（2）Portal sealing ring is installed
Sealing steel ring is installed according to designed lines portal position；Measurement and positioning is close on pre-buried portal ring flange face when installation
Steel loop piecemeal line is sealed, and makes mark；Sealing steel ring proposes 4 pieces of meter and lifts respectively, and scene uses 25t crane liftings, coordinates people
Work carries out piecemeal lifting and is welded on portal flange face；Sealing steel ring require firmly install, sealing, using two-sided welding, and
Sealing ring is securely fastened on pre-buried portal ring by interior outside stiffener；
（3）The installation of rubber cord, pressing plate
Bolt hole is set in sealing steel ring Circular Plate, cord rubber slab is fixed on by Circular Plate and sealing ring using M20 bolts
Between steel plate；Circular Plate is located on the inside of sealing plate, is fixed on portal sealing ring steel plate for four pieces by bolt point；Circular Plate and turnover panel
It is connected by axis pin, clearance breadth 45cm between twice turnover panel, rigid support of the turnover panel as cord rubber seal；
First sealing ring is welded on the flange face of pre-buried portal steel loop before shield launching, after having abolished portal, by rubber curtain
Cloth and Circular Plate are bolted on sealing ring steel plate, are finally connected to steel folded plate in Circular Plate by shipping and reselling on another market；
It is located at upright state for support top cord in the steel spring plate of twice cord internal layer, one layer of 1mm thickness of installation；
（4）Portal abolishes construction
End soil body water level is down to arch bottom or less 2m progress portals by design requirement and is abolished；
Diaphragm wall wall thickness 1200mm within the scope of portal, is cut at twice；For the first time cut be arranged in cutterhead go into the well it is laggard
Row abolishes outside concrete 90cm, divests ground-connecting-wall internal layer reinforcing bar；It cuts for the second time and is arranged in the spelling of -6 endless tube piece of shield machine
After the completion of dress, concrete chisel removal and clear quarrel work are a few days ago completed in shield launching Forward, cut concrete thickness 30cm；Ensure shield
Structure completed before originating it is all cut and cleaning work, and the face exposed time is no more than two days；
It cuts concrete and sets up steel pipe support, holder uses 48 seamless steel pipes of Φ, and 90 × 90cm of spacing, floor height 90cm longitudinally take
If three rows；It is connected using fastener between steel pipe, stent outer drawing sets close mesh protection network；Originate in front of pedestal with portal sealing ring
Between set up clear quarrel job platform, the concrete quarrel cutting under goes out foundation pit using suspension bucket by loop wheel machine handling；
Determining, the negative ring of axis is originated to arrange；
Negative ring is assembled
Positive ring starting mileage is right CK12+949.653, needs 8 rings to bear ring altogether from reaction frame to positive ring when originating, and bears ring and uses steel
Reinforced concrete pipe ring；
（Five）It originates and opens a position
It is carried out in three steps when opening a position：
The first step squeezes into the ready slurries in mud field in excavation face, and excavation storehouse mud liquid level is kept to be maintained at center line or more 3
Rice；
Second step slowly pressurizes to air pressure storehouse, and pressurization every time is not higher than 0.1bar, and the injected hole on portal sealing ring is beaten
Begin to rehearse air, while paying attention to checking that the liquid level in front and back storehouse is shown in shield machine；When the injected hole of the top starts to spray mud
When slurry, the valve of the injected hole is closed；At this moment, check liquid level in bubble storehouse, if liquid level center line -0.5m-+0.5m it
Between, it is not required to adjust, if except this range, starts mud circulating system, fine tuning liquid level is to the range, and notch pressure is shown at this time
It is 0；
Third walks, and air pressure is to 2.6bar in promotion bubble storehouse, and keeps 2.6bar pressure 15 minutes；Observation has No leakage etc. different
Often, if so, taking leaking-stopping measure；If nothing slowly reduces air pressure, until notch pressure is slowly tuned into 0bar；
When carrying out above three step, observation portal seals situation, timely leak stopping；Such as occur on a small scale leak can be used cotton, cotton yarn,
The materials such as sandbag, polyurethane, tail seal grease of shield carry out positive closure, and suitably increase the viscous of mud and caulking polymer slurries
Degree；Larger leakage such as occurs need to stop filling mud immediately, ascertain the reason and can continue injection mud after being disposed；
To built-in pipe injects plugging material between rubber cord, between cord and second sealing brush while opening a position, at first
Seal grease is injected between sealing brush and second sealing brush；
（Six）Portal secondary seal
Rubber cord sealing and plugging:
Before opening a position, plugging material is injected between rubber cord in advance, muddy water exists during opening a position according to rubber cord water leakage situation
Breakthrough nearby passes through the grease injection hole on sealing ring（Between first of cord and the sealing of second cord）Filling adds
The gap between cord rubber and shield body is blocked added with the mud of NSHS-2 types；
Sealing agent NSHS-2 materials are quasi- to be injected using piston type grouting pump；
Portal secondary seal:
Shield machine tunnels forward, after last one of the wire brush of shield tail is completely into sealing ring, is installed at sealing ring at this time
It is nullring section of jurisdiction, the steel plate of the pre-buried 500mm wide in design nullring section of jurisdiction lateral surface one side, pre-embedded steel slab thickness 10mm；Wait for shield
After machine shield tail passes completely through sealing plate, the pre-embedded steel slab on the outside of Circular Plate edge and 0 endless tube piece is welded with 20mm thickness sealing steel plate
It connects, forms secondary seal, it is ensured that shield mud hydraulic pressure balances, and sealing effect is improved, to ensure the smooth reality of shield synchronization slip casting
It applies；Secondary seal weld bead height 10mm, it is desirable that weld seam is continuous, non-leakage；Secondary seal is higher by Circular Plate 50mm with steel plate, specifically
Situation can be adjusted according to gap between Circular Plate and 0 endless tube piece；Portal secondary seal is completed, and shield launching technological process is complete
At shield formally enters examination phase of boring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810389623.0A CN108678756A (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2018-04-27 | It closes on rivers highly permeable stratum major diameter slurry shield and originates construction safely |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810389623.0A CN108678756A (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2018-04-27 | It closes on rivers highly permeable stratum major diameter slurry shield and originates construction safely |
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| CN201810389623.0A Pending CN108678756A (en) | 2018-04-27 | 2018-04-27 | It closes on rivers highly permeable stratum major diameter slurry shield and originates construction safely |
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| CN111058860A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-24 | 中铁十四局集团隧道工程有限公司 | Cave opening construction method |
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| CN111794780A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-10-20 | 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 | Shield tunneling machine in-out hole safety guarantee method for water-rich round gravel stratum |
| CN112160759A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-01 | 李强 | Method for starting and trial tunneling of tunnel shield crossing river |
| CN112943319A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-06-11 | 中冶华南建设工程有限公司 | Sealing water-stopping structure for shield tunneling machine to enter and exit tunnel and construction process |
| CN113006808A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-06-22 | 中铁六局集团有限公司交通工程分公司 | Construction method for viscous geological shield initial section to penetrate shallow soil-covered river channel downwards |
| CN113006807A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-22 | 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 | Starting process of large-diameter earth pressure balance shield machine based on steel sleeve |
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| CN113756832A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-07 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Large-section rectangular oblique-crossing pipe jacking construction method |
| CN114370286A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-04-19 | 上海市基础工程集团有限公司 | Shield tunneling machine safe hole entering method for open caisson structure |
| CN115163090A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-10-11 | 中铁十一局集团有限公司 | Shield starting construction method, starting device and installation method thereof |
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| CN111379283A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-07 | 宏润建设集团股份有限公司 | Foundation reinforcement method |
| CN109989760A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-09 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Method for shield to penetrate through near-river air shaft |
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| CN111794780A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-10-20 | 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 | Shield tunneling machine in-out hole safety guarantee method for water-rich round gravel stratum |
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| CN112160759A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-01-01 | 李强 | Method for starting and trial tunneling of tunnel shield crossing river |
| CN113006807B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2023-09-26 | 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 | Originating process of large-diameter earth pressure balance shield machine based on steel sleeve |
| CN113006807A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-22 | 中交第三航务工程局有限公司 | Starting process of large-diameter earth pressure balance shield machine based on steel sleeve |
| CN112943319A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-06-11 | 中冶华南建设工程有限公司 | Sealing water-stopping structure for shield tunneling machine to enter and exit tunnel and construction process |
| CN112943319B (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2023-11-03 | 中冶华南建设工程有限公司 | Sealing water stopping structure for shield entering and exiting holes and construction process |
| CN113006808A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-06-22 | 中铁六局集团有限公司交通工程分公司 | Construction method for viscous geological shield initial section to penetrate shallow soil-covered river channel downwards |
| CN113047853A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-06-29 | 中铁九局集团第六工程有限公司 | Shield starting construction method for water-rich soft soil geological area |
| CN113047853B (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2024-03-19 | 中铁九局集团第一建设有限公司 | Shield originating construction method for water-rich soft soil geological region |
| CN113216987A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-06 | 南通城市轨道交通有限公司 | Water-rich sand layer shield tunneling machine downward-penetrating water supply pipe and river starting receiving construction method |
| CN113756832A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-07 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Large-section rectangular oblique-crossing pipe jacking construction method |
| CN114370286A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-04-19 | 上海市基础工程集团有限公司 | Shield tunneling machine safe hole entering method for open caisson structure |
| CN114370286B (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2024-06-04 | 上海市基础工程集团有限公司 | Safety hole entering method of shield machine for open caisson structure |
| CN115163090A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-10-11 | 中铁十一局集团有限公司 | Shield starting construction method, starting device and installation method thereof |
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