CN115163090A - Shield starting construction method, starting device and installation method thereof - Google Patents
Shield starting construction method, starting device and installation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115163090A CN115163090A CN202210635971.8A CN202210635971A CN115163090A CN 115163090 A CN115163090 A CN 115163090A CN 202210635971 A CN202210635971 A CN 202210635971A CN 115163090 A CN115163090 A CN 115163090A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 143
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0635—Tail sealing means, e.g. used as end shuttering
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/093—Control of the driving shield, e.g. of the hydraulic advancing cylinders
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/12—Devices for removing or hauling away excavated material or spoil; Working or loading platforms
- E21D9/126—Loading devices or installations
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
A shield launching construction method comprises the following steps: firstly, installing a starting bracket and a reaction frame, and positioning and reinforcing the starting bracket and the reaction frame; laying a station bottom plate field; installing an originating device on a portal steel ring; connecting a track with a bottom plate track, sequentially hoisting and lowering the components of the shield tunneling machine into a well, assembling the components, then placing the components on a starting bracket, and sequentially installing a negative ring duct piece, a 0-ring duct piece and a positive ring duct piece on the shield tunneling machine; chiseling out a reinforced concrete underground diaphragm wall in the range of the embedded steel ring, then pulling out all freezing pipes in the range of the shield penetrating, carrying out initial tunneling of the shield tunneling machine, after a cutter head is jacked to the tunnel face, carrying out grease injection on an initial device, realizing sealing, and carrying out optimization adjustment on construction parameters through a control procedure; performing tertiary tunnel portal plugging when the shield machine tunnels; and (5) performing tunneling construction of the shield machine until the shield machine finishes tunneling work. The design has the advantages of stable construction process and good sealing performance of the tunnel door.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield machine starting construction equipment, in particular to a shield machine starting construction method, a starting device and an installation method thereof.
Background
The shield initiation is an indispensable construction process in shield construction, because the initiation is easy to cause construction safety risk accidents, the safety, progress and investment of tunnel engineering construction can be directly influenced by carelessness, and the shield initiation technology is one of key technologies of shield construction. In the starting process of the shield, firstly, the stability of the soil body of the tunnel portal is ensured, secondly, the sealing effect of the tunnel portal is ensured, the settlement and the collapse of the peripheral ground caused by water burst and sand burst are avoided, and the smooth starting and tunneling of the shield are ensured. At present, the existing shield launching adopts a plurality of construction methods, but each method is single in applicable geology, poor in pressure maintaining performance at a tunnel portal and not easy to ensure the stability of a tunnel portal soil body, and the existing tunnel portal sealing construction method generally adopts rubber curtain cloth matched with a folding plate to achieve the aim of tunnel portal sealing. The method is only suitable for the tunnel with relatively good construction conditions and small water and soil pressure. Aiming at the soil body with poor geology, the water tightness of the tunnel door sealing when the shield is started cannot be ensured, the effective soil pressure is established in the soil bin, and the conditions of water burst and sand burst are easy to occur, so that casualties and ground collapse are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and problems of instability and poor tunnel portal sealing performance of a shield launching construction method in the prior art, and provides a shield launching construction method, a launching device and an installation method thereof, wherein the shield launching construction method, the launching device and the installation method have the advantages of stable construction process and good tunnel portal sealing effect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a shield starting construction method comprises the following steps:
step 2: carrying out station floor field layout;
and step 3: installing an originating device on a portal steel ring;
and 4, step 4: firstly, laying a track, connecting the track with a baseplate track, then sequentially hoisting and descending components of a shield machine, then assembling the shield machine, placing the shield machine on a starting bracket through a hoisting and unloading vehicle, and sequentially installing a negative ring duct piece, a 0-ring duct piece and a positive ring duct piece on the shield machine;
and 5: chiseling out the reinforced concrete underground diaphragm wall in the range of the embedded steel ring, checking and removing the steel bars at the periphery deep into the range of the steel ring of the tunnel portal, then pulling out all the freezing pipes in the range of the shield penetration, and after the cutter head is jacked to the tunnel face, filling grease into the starting device to realize sealing;
and 6: starting and tunneling by the shield machine, and optimizing and adjusting construction parameters by a control program;
and 7: when the shield tunneling machine tunnels the fifth ring, grouting the grouting holes and the grouting pipes to perform primary tunnel portal blocking; when the eighth ring is tunneled by the shield machine, performing secondary tunnel portal plugging by grouting the grouting holes and the grouting pipes; grouting the embedded pipe through a grouting machine to finish the third sealing of the tunnel portal;
and 8: and (5) performing tunneling construction of the shield machine until the shield machine finishes tunneling work.
In the step 1, the specific steps of installing the starting bracket and the reaction frame are as follows:
the vertical position and the horizontal position of an initial bracket are determined, steel plates are plugged under a beam at the bottom of the initial bracket until the whole initial bracket can smoothly transfer the weight of a shield body, then the steel plates are inserted into the front side, the rear side, the left side and the right side of the initial bracket to fix the initial bracket, then the elevation of a reaction frame is comprehensively determined by fitting the center of a tail of the shield and the center of the reaction frame, then the horizontal position of the reaction frame is determined by fitting the horizontal axis of the initial bracket and the horizontal axis of the reaction frame through the horizontal posture positioning of the initial bracket, pre-buried steel plates are installed on a base plate concrete of a station, and the pre-buried steel plates and the reaction frame are welded to form a reaction frame supporting system.
In the step 2, the concrete steps of the station floor field layout are as follows:
step 21: processing the sleepers of the trolley and the storage battery car, arranging the sleepers at intervals to form a track, and arranging a slope change at a section of a step and the track in the station, which is close to a reaction frame and a negative ring, so that the track where the trolley and the storage battery car are located is gently connected with the track where the trolley and the storage battery car are located in the station and a duct piece;
step 22: a water inlet pipe is connected from the southwest direction of the station ground and is laid to the underground from a left line starting well, a circulating water tank is arranged to the middle of the left line and the right line of a well mouth behind a station bottom plate, a shield machine is provided with a booster pump for supplying external circulating water, and a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged;
step 23: the opening and closing are arranged at the northeast corner of the station, the cable is laid along the wall after exiting the opening and closing station, and after passing through the north construction access way through the buried pipeline, the cable is laid along the gantry crane track, and is put into the well at the rear wellhead of the right line, and the cable is laid and connected with the shield machine in the direction of the starting well.
In the step 4, the shield starting adopts 8 negative ring pipe pieces and one 0-ring pipe piece, the first negative ring pipe piece sealing top block is located at 12-point clock, and the subsequent negative ring pipe pieces are alternately assembled into the sealing top blocks according to 3-point clock and 9-point clock.
In the step 5, the concrete steps of grease injection are as follows:
step 51: removing all sundries in the sealing range of the shield tail;
step 52: coating grease from the lowest part of the shield tail;
step 53: laying a protective backing plate;
step 54: coating grease on the upper part of the shield tail on a shield machine platform, rubbing the grease into a small ball shape, and plugging the small ball into the shield tail brush to seal the grease and fill a sealing cavity between the shield tail brushes;
step 55: and installing a protective film.
In step 6, the control program includes the steps of:
step 61: starting a control program, and setting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor;
step 62: judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit, if so, readjusting the rotating speed of the screw conveyor, and judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit; if not, calculating to obtain the propelling soil pressure P1;
and step 63: judging the propelling soil pressure P1 and the starting soil pressure P0, if P1 is greater than P0, reducing the rotating speed of the screw conveyor, and judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit or not; if P1 is less than P0, increasing the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor and judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit; if P1= P0, judging whether the discharged soil and the propulsion state are good;
step 64: if the state of the muck is good and the propelling speed is stable, monitoring and measuring the environment; if not, readjusting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor, and repeating the previous steps;
step 65: judging whether the monitoring and the measuring feedback of the environment reach a control reference, if so, continuing to carry out tunneling; if not, when the feedback is smaller than the control reference, performing secondary grouting, readjusting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the screw conveyor, and repeating the previous steps; and when the feedback is greater than the control reference, adjusting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor, and repeating the previous steps.
In the step 7, the concrete steps of blocking the tunnel portal for the first time are as follows:
when the tail brush of the second tunnel portal falls to the outer side of the duct piece, synchronous grouting slurry is injected through the grouting hole, and secondary grouting slurry is injected through the tunnel portal embedded grouting pipe;
the concrete steps of blocking the tunnel portal for the second time are as follows:
injecting synchronous grouting slurry through the grouting holes, injecting secondary grouting slurry into the 3-ring and 2-ring annular sheets through the embedded grouting pipes, after the synchronous grouting slurry and the secondary grouting slurry are initially set, jumping holes of the embedded grouting pipes in the range of 120 degrees at the top of the tunnel through a secondary grouting machine for grouting, and grouting the embedded pipes near the leakage water points found at the bottom;
the third step of plugging the tunnel portal comprises the following specific steps:
and after synchronous grouting slurry for secondary portal plugging and initial setting of the secondary grouting slurry, performing hole jumping grouting on the embedded grouting pipe in the range of 120 degrees at the top of the tunnel through a secondary grouting machine, and grouting the embedded pipe near the leakage water point found at the bottom.
And 7, observing whether the water leakage condition exists in the tunnel portal or not when the shield tunneling machine tunnels, and supplementing grouting through the grouting holes and the embedded grouting pipes if the water leakage condition exists.
The utility model provides a shield constructs device of originating, should originate the device and include short sleeve, external steel ring, twice tunnel portal steel brush, short sleeve and external steel ring all cup joint in the outside of the shield tail of shield structure machine, short sleeve connect in the rear side of external steel ring, twice tunnel portal steel brush respectively with short sleeve with external steel ring connects, tunnel portal steel brush short sleeve external steel ring shield tail surrounds and is formed with a grease chamber, the notes fat hole in grease chamber is located short sleeve's the outside, external steel ring's outside equipartition has a plurality of grease injection pipes, the notes fat hole of grease injection pipe is located short sleeve with the junction of external steel ring, short sleeve is provided with the circular arc steel sheet, the inner wall of circular arc steel sheet cup joint in shield structure machine's the outside, the wall connection of back of the steel sheet in short sleeve's rear end, short sleeve includes first sleeve board, second sleeve board, third sleeve board, fourth sleeve board form the first sleeve board structure in proper order.
A method for installing a shield launching construction device comprises the following steps:
firstly adopting a crane to be matched with a chain block, adjusting the inner side of one end of a first sleeve plate to be aligned with the inner side of a portal steel ring, then using carbon dioxide shielded welding for welding and fixing, then using the chain block to pull the other end of the first sleeve plate to enable the inner side of the first sleeve plate to be aligned with the inner side of the portal steel ring, then welding and fixing, then sequentially completing welding and fixing from left to right and from bottom to top according to the steps, completing the assembly of a short sleeve, then arranging stiffening plates at intervals on the back of the short sleeve, then clearing up the floating rust on the wall of the short sleeve and marking a circular ring impression, then respectively welding a portal steel wire brush at the portal steel ring and an external steel ring along the circular ring impression, then installing an anti-collision head block in the portal steel ring, then installing section steel and backing up the outer side of the anti-collision head block at the bottom of the short sleeve, and completing the installation of a starting device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to a shield starting construction method, a starting device and an installation method thereof, wherein a starting bracket and a reaction frame are positioned to ensure that the vertical state of a shield machine after entering a tunnel and the posture of a front shield out of a reinforced area are within an allowable range, so that the starting bracket can smoothly transfer the weight of a shield body to a cushion layer without generating large deformation, a closed space is formed among the shield body, a construction device, a negative ring pipe sheet and a tunnel portal steel ring by installing the starting device, grease is filled in the closed space for sealing, the posture of the shield machine is controlled by a control program, the construction parameters are optimally adjusted, the influence of ground settlement is reduced, the tunnel portal chiseling construction safety and the establishment of soil pressure in the initial tunneling process of the shield machine can be ensured, the tunnel portal sealing effect during the starting period is ensured by plugging the tunnel portal for multiple times, and the tunnel portal leakage is avoided and the ground subsidence is controlled. Therefore, the construction process is stable, and the sealing effect of the tunnel door is good.
2. The invention relates to a shield launching construction method, a launching device and an installation method thereof.A contact surface of grease and a shield body is effectively enlarged through a short sleeve and two tunnel portal steel wire brushes, the water resistance and the adhesive force of the grease and the reinforcing effect of fibers are greatly increased, and excellent sealing performance is formed, so that the risk of water burst and sand gushing is reduced. Therefore, the invention has good sealing effect.
3. According to the shield starting construction method, the construction device and the installation method thereof, the tunnel portal is plugged for multiple times, grouting is performed in the grouting holes and the grouting pipes, the pre-buried pipes near the leakage water points found at the bottom are grouted, and the hidden danger of leakage of the tunnel portal in the starting process is eliminated. Therefore, the invention has good sealing performance.
4. In the shield starting construction method, the construction device and the installation method thereof, the muck state and the propulsion condition in the tunneling process of the shield machine are judged through a control program, so that the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propulsion speed and the rotating speed of the screw conveyer are adjusted in real time, and the normal, stable and rapid tunneling of the shield machine is realized, therefore, the shield starting construction method, the construction device and the installation method thereof have the advantages of stable working process and high reliability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a shield tunneling construction method according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control routine in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the shield originating apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the short sleeve of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view of the short sleeve, grease injection hole, stiffening plate of the present invention.
In the figure: the shield tunnel portal steel wire brush comprises a tunnel portal steel wire brush 1, a shield tunneling machine 2, a shield tail 21, a back-coated steel plate 22, a short sleeve 3, a first sleeve plate 31, a second sleeve plate 32, a third sleeve plate 33, a fourth sleeve plate 34, an external steel ring 4, an arc steel plate 5, a grease cavity 6, a grease injection pipe 7, a grease injection hole 8 and a stiffening plate 9.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following description and embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a shield starting construction method includes the steps of:
step 2: laying a station bottom plate field;
and step 3: installing an originating device on a portal steel ring;
and 4, step 4: firstly, laying a track, connecting the track with a bottom plate track, then sequentially hoisting and descending components of a shield machine 2, then assembling the shield machine 2, placing the shield machine 2 on an originating bracket through a hoisting and unloading vehicle, and then sequentially installing a negative ring duct piece, a 0-ring duct piece and a positive ring duct piece on the shield machine 2;
and 5: chiseling out the reinforced concrete underground diaphragm wall in the range of the embedded steel ring, checking and removing the steel bars at the periphery deep into the range of the steel ring of the tunnel portal, then pulling out all the freezing pipes in the range of the shield penetration, and after the cutter head is jacked to the tunnel face, filling grease into the starting device to realize sealing;
step 6: starting tunneling of the shield machine 2 is carried out, and construction parameters are optimized and adjusted through a control program;
and 7: when the shield tunneling machine 2 tunnels the fifth ring, grouting the grouting holes and the grouting pipes to perform primary tunnel portal blocking; when the eighth ring is tunneled by the shield tunneling machine 2, grouting the grouting hole and the grouting pipe to perform secondary tunnel portal blocking; grouting the embedded pipe through a grouting machine to finish the third sealing of the tunnel portal;
and 8: and (5) performing tunneling construction on the shield machine 2 until the shield machine 2 finishes tunneling work.
In the step 1, the specific steps of installing the starting bracket and the reaction frame are as follows:
the vertical position and the horizontal position of an initial bracket are determined, steel plates are plugged under a beam at the bottom of the initial bracket until the whole initial bracket can smoothly transfer the weight of a shield body, then the steel plates are inserted into the front side, the rear side, the left side and the right side of the initial bracket to fix the initial bracket, then the elevation of a reaction frame is comprehensively determined by fitting the center of a tail of the shield and the center of the reaction frame, then the horizontal position of the reaction frame is determined by fitting the horizontal axis of the initial bracket and the horizontal axis of the reaction frame through the horizontal posture positioning of the initial bracket, pre-buried steel plates are installed on a base plate concrete of a station, and the pre-buried steel plates and the reaction frame are welded to form a reaction frame supporting system.
In the step 2, the concrete steps of the station floor field layout are as follows:
step 21: processing the sleepers of the trolley and the storage battery car, arranging the sleepers at intervals to form a track, and arranging a slope change at a section, close to a reaction frame and a negative ring, of the step and the track in the station to enable the track where the trolley and the storage battery car are located to be gently connected with the track where the trolley and the storage battery car are located in the station and a duct piece;
step 22: a water inlet pipe is connected from the southwest direction of the station ground and is laid to the underground from a left line starting well, a circulating water tank is arranged to the middle of the left line and the right line of a well mouth behind a station bottom plate, a shield machine 2 is provided with a booster pump for supplying external circulating water, and a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged;
step 23: the opening and closing are arranged at the northeast corner of the station, the cable is laid along the wall after exiting the opening and closing station, and after passing through the north construction access road through the buried pipeline, the cable is laid along the gantry crane track, and the cable is put into the well at the rear wellhead of the right line and laid and connected with the shield tunneling machine 2 in the direction of the starting well.
In the step 4, the shield starting adopts 8 negative ring pipe pieces and 0 ring pipe piece, the first negative ring pipe piece sealing top block is positioned at 12-point clock, and the subsequent negative ring pipe pieces are alternately spliced into the sealing top blocks according to 3-point clock and 9-point clock.
In the step 5, the concrete steps of injecting the grease are as follows:
step 51: removing all sundries in the sealing range of the shield tail 21;
step 52: coating grease from the lowest part of the shield tail 21;
step 53: laying a protective backing plate;
step 54: coating grease on the upper part of the shield tail 21 on a platform of the shield machine 2, twisting the grease into a small ball shape, and filling the small ball shape into the shield tail brush to seal the grease and fill a sealing cavity between the shield tail brushes;
step 55: and installing a protective film.
In step 6, the control program includes the steps of:
step 61: starting a control program, and setting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the screw conveyer;
step 62: judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit, if so, readjusting the rotating speed of the screw conveyor, and judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit; if not, calculating to obtain the propelling soil pressure P1;
and step 63: judging the magnitude of the propelling soil pressure P1 and the originating soil pressure P0, if P1 is greater than P0, reducing the rotating speed of the screw conveyor, and judging whether the torque of the cutter head reaches the upper limit; if P1 is less than P0, increasing the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor and judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit; if P1= P0, judging whether the discharged soil residue state and the propulsion state are good;
step 64: if the state of the muck is good and the propelling speed is stable, monitoring and measuring the environment; if not, readjusting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor, and repeating the previous steps;
step 65: judging whether the monitoring and the measuring feedback of the environment reach a control reference, if so, continuing to carry out tunneling; if not, when the feedback is smaller than the control reference, performing secondary grouting, readjusting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor, and repeating the previous steps; and when the feedback is greater than the control reference, adjusting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor, and repeating the previous steps.
In the step 7, the concrete steps of blocking the tunnel portal for the first time are as follows:
when the tail brush of the second tunnel portal falls to the outer side of the duct piece, synchronous grouting slurry is injected through the grouting hole, and secondary grouting slurry is injected through the tunnel portal embedded grouting pipe;
the concrete steps of blocking the tunnel portal for the second time are as follows:
injecting synchronous grouting slurry through the grouting holes, injecting secondary grouting slurry into the 3-ring and 2-ring annular sheets through the embedded grouting pipes, after the synchronous grouting slurry and the secondary grouting slurry are initially set, jumping holes of the embedded grouting pipes in the range of 120 degrees at the top of the tunnel through a secondary grouting machine for grouting, and grouting the embedded pipes near the leakage water points found at the bottom;
the third step of plugging the tunnel portal comprises the following specific steps:
and after synchronous grouting slurry for secondary portal plugging and initial setting of the secondary grouting slurry, performing hole jumping grouting on the embedded grouting pipes in the range of 120 degrees at the top of the tunnel through a secondary grouting machine, and grouting the embedded pipes near the leakage water points found at the bottom.
In the step 7, when the shield tunneling machine 2 tunnels, whether the water leakage condition exists at the tunnel portal is observed, and if the water leakage condition exists, grouting is supplemented through the grouting holes and the embedded grouting pipes.
A shield starting device comprises a short sleeve 3, an external steel ring 4 and two tunnel portal steel wire brushes 1, wherein the short sleeve 3 and the external steel ring 4 are both sleeved on the outer side of a shield tail 21 of a shield machine 2, the short sleeve 3 is connected to the rear side of the external steel ring 4, the tunnel portal steel wire brushes 1 are respectively connected with the short sleeve 3 and the external steel ring 4, the tunnel portal steel wire brushes 1, the short sleeve 3, the external steel ring 4 and the shield tail 21 are surrounded to form a grease cavity 6, grease injection holes 8 of the grease cavity 6 are located on the outer side of the short sleeve 3, a plurality of grease injection pipes 7 are evenly distributed on the outer side of the external steel ring 4, the grease injection holes 8 of the grease injection pipes 7 are located at the connection position of the short sleeve 3 and the external steel ring 4, the short sleeve 3 is provided with a steel plate 5, the inner wall of the steel plate 5 is sleeved on the outer side of a back of the shield machine 2, the outer wall of the steel plate 22 is connected to the rear end of the short sleeve 3, the short sleeve 3 comprises a second sleeve plate 31, a third sleeve plate 31 and a fourth sleeve plate 34 and a third sleeve plate 34 which are sequentially connected to form a third sleeve plate.
A method for installing a shield starting construction device comprises the following steps:
firstly, matching a crane with a chain block, adjusting the inner side of one end of a first sleeve plate 31 to be aligned with the inner side of a hole door steel ring, welding and fixing by using carbon dioxide arc welding, pulling the other end of the first sleeve plate 31 by using the chain block to enable the inner side of the first sleeve plate 31 to be aligned with the inner side of the hole door steel ring, welding and fixing, then welding and fixing a second sleeve plate 32, a fourth sleeve plate 34 and a third sleeve plate 33 sequentially according to the steps from left to right and from bottom to top, completing the assembly of a short sleeve 3, arranging stiffening plates 9 at intervals at the back of the short sleeve 3, clearing the floating rust on the wall of the short sleeve 3, marking a circular impression, respectively welding a hole door steel wire brush 1 at the positions of the hole door steel ring and an external connection steel ring 4 along the circular impression, then installing an anti-knock block in the hole door steel ring, installing section steel at the bottom of the short sleeve 3 and the outer side of the anti-knock block and padding, and completing the installation of an initiating device.
The principle of the invention is illustrated as follows:
before the shield tail 21 enters the hole, the shield body is wrapped by two tunnel portal steel wire brushes 1 to form a closed grease cavity 6, two grease pumps are adopted to inject grease into the grease cavity 6 in the starting process, on one hand, the theoretical injection amount is calculated to control the total amount, and on the other hand, the pressure sensor process is adopted to control the grease injection amount. After the shield tail 21 enters the hole, the short sleeve 3, the back-covered steel plate 22 and the arc steel plate 5 are welded to form a closed space in a short time, so that the earth pressure balance shield machine 2 can build earth pressure as early as possible, and the risks of tunnel face collapse and the like caused in the shield tunneling process are effectively avoided.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 to 2, a shield starting construction method includes the steps of:
step 1: rechecking the acquired vertical attitude of the portal steel ring, the elevation data of a well head bottom plate, the vertical curve element of the designed tunnel axis of the initial section, the structural size of the shield machine 2 and the initial bracket and the like to confirm the vertical position of the initial bracket and fitting the data with the elevation of the tunnel axis, lifting the front end of the initial bracket 2cm behind the fitted tunnel axis to ensure that the vertical state of the shield machine 2 after entering the hole and the shield attitude before leaving a reinforced area are in an allowable range, and confirming and positioning the horizontal position of the initial bracket according to the rechecked acquired horizontal attitude of the portal steel ring, the structural size data of the well head and the station, the horizontal curve element of the designed tunnel axis of the initial section, the number of negative ring segments, the length of a short sleeve 3, the structural size of the shield machine 2 and the initial bracket and the like, the horizontal posture of the shield tunneling machine after entering the tunnel and the posture of a front shield exiting a reinforced area are ensured to be within an allowable range, then steel plates with different thicknesses are filled below a bottom beam of the starting bracket until the elevation of the starting bracket meets the requirement, after the initial fixation, the steel plates are continuously filled below the beam until the whole starting bracket can smoothly transfer the weight of the shield, the left and right horizontal directions of the starting bracket adopt 6I-steel 16 on one side to be fixed between the starting bracket and a wall body at the well mouth side and an upturned beam, and the front and rear single sides adopt 2H-steel 20 to be fixed between the starting bracket and a wall body at the well mouth end and a step at the well mouth. A steel plate with the thickness of 1cm of 25cm × 25cm is inserted between each section steel or I-shaped steel and the wall body, so that the section steel is prevented from directly contacting the wall body;
the method comprises the steps of comprehensively determining the elevation of a reaction frame by fitting the center of a shield tail and the center of the reaction frame, positioning according to the horizontal posture of an originating bracket, fitting the horizontal axis of the originating bracket and the horizontal axis of the reaction frame, determining the horizontal position of the reaction frame by combining the size of the originating bracket, the number of negative rings, a well head, the structural size of a station and other data, pre-burying a steel plate required by a reaction frame supporting system in advance at the early stage of concrete pouring of a station bottom plate, welding a right-line reaction frame supporting system by adopting 13I-steels No. 45, 5I-steels No. 20 and 2 seamless steel pipes with the length of 600mm and the reaction frame, and welding a left-line reaction frame supporting system by adopting 11I-steels with the number 45, 5I-steels with the number 20 and 3 seamless steel pipes with the length of 600mm and the reaction frame.
Step 2: the sleepers of the trolley and the storage battery car are processed by adopting No. 10 channel steel, the sleepers are arranged at an interval of 1.5m and are matched with a shield starting line type, and a slope change is arranged at a section of a step and a track in a station, which are close to a reaction frame and a negative ring, so that the track where the trolley and the storage battery car are located is gently connected with the track where the trolley and the storage battery car are located in the station and a duct piece;
a galvanized steel pipe water inlet pipe is connected from the southwest direction of the station ground, laid from a left line starting well to the underground, 2 36m circulating water tanks are arranged to the middle of the left line and the right line of a wellhead behind a station bottom plate, a 45kW booster pump is configured for supplying external circulating water for the shield tunneling machine 2, and a galvanized steel pipe is also adopted to be arranged on a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe;
the shield large electric switch is arranged at the northeast corner of the station, the cable is laid along the wall after exiting the switching station, and is laid along the gantry crane track after passing through the north construction access way through the buried pipeline, and is put into the well at the rear well mouth of the right line, and is laid towards the direction of the starting well and connected with the shield machine 2;
and step 3: installing an originating device on a portal steel ring;
and 4, step 4: and (3) on two sides of the station end well, selecting a 300t crawler crane for unloading by a matching trolley behind the shield machine 2, and unloading, turning over and descending into the well by a matching 220t truck crane, wherein the shield body is assembled by adopting a 300t crawler crane for unloading, turning over and descending into the well.
Before 2 trolleys of the shield tunneling machine are put into a well, the storage battery car and the trolley sleepers are used for laying a track after the pipe pieces are placed on the starting bracket, the track is connected with the bottom plate track, and then the storage battery car, the bridge frame and the screw conveyer are sequentially pulled to a preset position through the storage battery car. Before the shield body is put into the well, the rails, the sleepers and the pipe pieces on the bracket need to be dismantled, and grease is coated on the bracket rails.
The shield tunneling machine 2 is pulled into a station by a storage battery car after the shield tunneling machine is pulled into the station by the trolley, then the trolley wheels are fixed by iron shoes, pipeline connection is started, and the spiral conveyor and the bridge frame are placed on a steel structure frame above the segment trolley and are welded and fixed and pulled into the station. Coating butter on a steel rail of a starting bracket, completing hoisting and well descending of four shield bodies, and sequentially installing a negative ring duct piece, a 0-ring duct piece and a positive ring duct piece on a shield machine 2;
and 5: cutting off the embedded steel rings before the tunnel portal is chiseled, arranging the anti-elliptical section steel, cutting out a plurality of grooves with the depth of about 0.5m on the end wall of the tunnel portal by using an air pick according to the principle of block chiseling, cutting off the reinforcing steel bars on the outermost side in the grooves by using acetylene, sequentially chiseling off the reinforcing steel bars with the thickness of 0.5m on the outer side in a block manner, breaking the remaining reinforcing steel bars with the thickness of 0.3m by the same method, cleaning the broken concrete after chiseling, checking and removing the reinforcing steel bars at the periphery which go deep into the steel rings of the tunnel portal, and dismantling the scaffold;
after the tunnel portal is broken, pulling out all freezing pipes in the penetration range of the shield when a cutter head of the shield machine is jacked to the tunnel face and is not subjected to forced tunneling, continuously freezing until the tunnel portal is plugged, and then injecting grease into the starting device to realize sealing;
and 6: then, starting tunneling of the shield tunneling machine 2 is carried out, and the construction parameters are optimized and adjusted through a control program;
and 7: first entrance to a cave shutoff of selecting when tunneling the fifth ring, the second entrance to a cave tail brush is taken and is started synchronous slip casting to the section of jurisdiction outside, but synchronous slip casting thick liquid selects rigid cement mortar, the mortar consistency is 11cm, the initial set time is about 6h, slip casting pressure is 0.8bar, the amount of slip casting is theoretical clearance this moment, 6.5m year promptly, simultaneously, the slip casting hole in first ring pipe piece carries out the two liquid slip castings of secondary, two liquid thick liquids are selected to the secondary slip casting thick liquid, the completion is assembled to +5 ring pipe pieces, inject two liquid thick liquids through the pre-buried slip casting pipe in entrance to a cave, two liquid thick liquids adopt grout and suitable concentration water glass according to 1:1, injecting at a volume ratio, controlling the initial setting time to be 30s and the grouting pressure to be 1bar;
carry out biliquid slip casting to 3 rings, 2 ring pipe pieces after the shutoff of first portal is accomplished for +8 ring tunnelling, the blade disc is 4.09m apart from lower country, synchronous slip casting during the period, the secondary slip casting relevant parameter is unanimous with first tunnel portal of sealing, synchronous slip casting control is 5m for transport, wait to synchronous slip casting thick liquid, secondary slip casting thick liquid initial set after, through the pre-buried slip casting pipe jump hole slip casting of secondary slip casting machine to 120 scopes in the roof of the cave, carry out the slip casting to near the percolating water point that the bottom was discover.
And in the third tunnel portal plugging, after synchronous grouting slurry of the secondary tunnel portal plugging and initial setting of the secondary grouting slurry, jumping holes of the pre-embedded grouting pipes in the range of 120 degrees at the tunnel top are grouted by a secondary grouting machine, and grouting the pre-embedded pipes near the water leakage points found at the bottom.
Observing whether water leakage exists in the tunnel door, and if water leakage exists, supplementing grouting through the grouting holes and the embedded grouting pipes;
and 7: and (5) performing tunneling construction on the shield machine 2 until the shield machine 2 finishes tunneling work.
In the step 5, the concrete steps of grease injection are as follows:
step 51: removing all sundries in the sealing range of the shield tail 21;
step 52: grease is coated from the lowest part of the shield tail 21;
step 53: laying a protective backing plate;
step 54: coating grease on the upper part of the shield tail 21 on a platform of the shield machine 2, twisting the grease into a small ball shape, and filling the small ball shape into the shield tail brush to seal the grease and fill a sealing cavity between the shield tail brushes;
step 55: and installing a protective film.
In the step 4, 8 negative ring pipe pieces and 0 ring pipe piece are adopted according to the length of a negative ring entering a tunnel portal and the position of a reaction frame, a first negative ring pipe piece sealing block is positioned at the 12-point position of a clock, subsequent negative ring pipe pieces are alternately assembled into the sealing block according to the 3-point position and the 9-point position of the clock, 5 channels of 12# channel steel (with the height of 53mm and the gap of 55 mm) need to be welded in the 140-degree range at the bottom of a shield tail 21 before the first negative ring pipe piece is assembled, 3L-shaped steel plates need to be welded when each pipe piece is installed on an upper semicircular negative ring after the first negative ring is slowly pushed to the reaction frame, a triangular wedge is additionally arranged between the negative ring which is separated from the shield tail 21 and a bracket steel rail, and a steel wire rope with a hoop phi 14 outside each ring pipe piece is fastened to the bracket by using a flower basket bolt.
In step 6, the control program includes the steps of:
step 61: starting a control program, and setting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the screw conveyer;
step 62: judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit, if so, readjusting the rotating speed of the screw conveyor, and judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit; if not, calculating to obtain the propelling soil pressure P1;
and step 63: judging the propelling soil pressure P1 and the starting soil pressure P0, if P1 is greater than P0, reducing the rotating speed of the screw conveyor, and judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit or not; if P1 is less than P0, increasing the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor, and judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit or not; if P1= P0, judging whether the discharged soil and the propulsion state are good;
step 64: if the state of the muck is good and the propelling speed is stable, monitoring and measuring the environment; if not, readjusting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor, and repeating the previous steps;
step 65: judging whether the monitoring and measuring feedback of the environment reaches a control reference, and if the feedback reaches the control reference, continuing tunneling; if the feedback is smaller than the control reference, secondary grouting is carried out, the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor are readjusted, and the previous steps are repeated; if the feedback is smaller than the control reference, adjusting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor, and repeating the previous steps.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the starting device includes a short sleeve 3, an external steel ring 4, and two tunnel portal steel brushes 1, the short sleeve 3 and the external steel ring 4 are all sleeved on the outer side of a shield tail 21 of a shield tunneling machine 2, the short sleeve 3 is connected to the rear side of the external steel ring 4, the tunnel portal steel brushes 1 are respectively connected to the short sleeve 3 and the external steel ring 4, the tunnel portal steel brushes 1, the short sleeve 3, the external steel ring 4, and the shield tail 21 surround to form a grease cavity 6, grease injection holes 8 of the grease cavity 6 are located on the outer side of the short sleeve 3, a plurality of grease injection pipes 7 are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the external steel ring 4, the grease injection holes 8 of the grease injection pipes 7 are located at the connection of the short sleeve 3 and the external steel ring 4, the short sleeve 3 is provided with a steel plate 5, the inner wall of the circular arc 5 is sleeved on the outer side of the shield tunneling machine 2, the outer wall of the steel plate 22 is connected to the rear end of the short sleeve 3, the short sleeve 3 includes a first sleeve plate 31, a fourth sleeve plate 31, a third sleeve plate 34, and a fourth sleeve plate 34, a third sleeve plate are sequentially connected to form a third sleeve plate. Firstly, matching a crane with a chain block, adjusting the inner side of one end of a first sleeve plate 31 to be aligned with the inner side of a hole door steel ring, welding and fixing by using carbon dioxide arc welding, pulling the other end of the first sleeve plate 31 by using the chain block to enable the inner side of the first sleeve plate 31 to be aligned with the inner side of the hole door steel ring, welding and fixing, then welding and fixing a second sleeve plate 32, a fourth sleeve plate 34 and a third sleeve plate 33 sequentially according to the steps from left to right and from bottom to top, completing the assembly of a short sleeve 3, arranging stiffening plates 9 at intervals at the back of the short sleeve 3, clearing the floating rust of the sleeve wall of the short sleeve 3 and marking a circular impression, then respectively welding a hole door steel wire brush 1 at the positions of the hole door steel ring and an external connection steel ring 4 along the circular impression, then installing two anti-knock blocks with the upper parts of 6cm width and 13cm height in the hole door steel ring, then installing and backing up the bottom of the short sleeve 3 and the outer sides of the anti-knock blocks, and completing the installation of an initiating device.
Claims (10)
1. A shield starting construction method is characterized in that: the construction method comprises the following steps:
step 1, installing an initial bracket and a reaction frame, determining the vertical position and the horizontal position of the initial bracket and the reaction frame, and then reinforcing the initial bracket and the reaction frame;
step 2: laying a station bottom plate field;
and step 3: installing an originating device on a portal steel ring;
and 4, step 4: firstly, laying a track, connecting the track with a baseplate track, sequentially hoisting and descending components of a shield machine (2), then assembling the shield machine (2), placing the shield machine (2) on a starting bracket through a hoisting and unloading vehicle, and sequentially installing a negative ring duct piece, a 0-ring duct piece and a positive ring duct piece on the shield machine (2);
and 5: chiseling out the reinforced concrete underground diaphragm wall in the range of the embedded steel ring, checking and removing the steel bars at the periphery deep into the range of the steel ring of the tunnel portal, then pulling out all the freezing pipes in the range of the shield penetration, and after the cutter head is jacked to the tunnel face, filling grease into the starting device to realize sealing;
step 6: starting and tunneling of the shield machine (2) are carried out, and construction parameters are optimized and adjusted through a control program;
and 7: when the shield machine (2) tunnels the fifth ring, grouting the grouting holes and the grouting pipes to perform primary tunnel portal blocking; when the eighth ring is tunneled by the shield machine (2), grouting the grouting hole and the grouting pipe to perform secondary tunnel portal blocking; grouting the embedded pipe through a grouting machine to finish the third sealing of the tunnel portal;
and 8: and (3) performing tunneling construction on the shield machine (2) until the shield machine (2) finishes tunneling work.
2. The shield launching construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1, the specific steps of installing the starting bracket and the reaction frame are as follows:
the vertical position and the horizontal position of an initial bracket are determined, steel plates are plugged under a beam at the bottom of the initial bracket until the whole initial bracket can smoothly transfer the weight of a shield body, then the steel plates are inserted into the front side, the rear side, the left side and the right side of the initial bracket to fix the initial bracket, then the elevation of a reaction frame is comprehensively determined by fitting the center of a tail of the shield and the center of the reaction frame, then the horizontal position of the reaction frame is determined by fitting the horizontal axis of the initial bracket and the horizontal axis of the reaction frame through the horizontal posture positioning of the initial bracket, pre-buried steel plates are installed on a base plate concrete of a station, and the pre-buried steel plates and the reaction frame are welded to form a reaction frame supporting system.
3. The shield starting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 2, the concrete steps of the station floor field layout are as follows:
step 21: processing the sleepers of the trolley and the storage battery car, arranging the sleepers at intervals to form a track, and arranging a slope change at a section of a step and the track in the station, which is close to a reaction frame and a negative ring, so that the track where the trolley and the storage battery car are located is gently connected with the track where the trolley and the storage battery car are located in the station and a duct piece;
step 22: a water inlet pipe is connected from the southwest direction of the station ground and laid to the underground from a left line starting well, a circulating water tank is arranged to the middle of the left line and the right line of a well mouth behind a station bottom plate, a shield machine (2) is provided with a booster pump for supplying external circulating water, and a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged;
step 23: the opening and closing are arranged at the northeast corner of the station, the cable is laid along the wall after exiting the opening and closing station, and after passing through the north construction access way through the buried pipeline, the cable is laid along the gantry crane track, and is put into the well at the rear wellhead position of the right line, and the cable is laid and connected with the shield machine (2) in the direction of the starting well.
4. The shield starting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 4, the shield starting adopts 8 negative ring pipe pieces and 0 ring pipe piece, the first negative ring pipe piece sealing top block is positioned at 12-point clock, and the subsequent negative ring pipe pieces are alternately spliced into the sealing top blocks according to 3-point clock and 9-point clock.
5. The shield launching construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5, the concrete steps of injecting the grease are as follows:
step 51: removing all sundries in the sealing range of the shield tail (21);
step 52: grease is coated from the lowest part of the shield tail (21);
step 53: paving a protective base plate;
step 54: coating grease on the upper part of the shield tail (21) on a platform of the shield machine (2), twisting the grease into a small ball shape, and filling the small ball shape into the shield tail brush to seal the grease and fill a sealing cavity between the shield tail brushes;
step 55: and installing a protective film.
6. The shield launching construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 6, the control program includes the steps of:
step 61: starting a control program, and setting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the screw conveyer;
step 62: judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit, if so, readjusting the rotating speed of the screw conveyor, and judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit; if not, calculating to obtain the propelling soil pressure P1;
and step 63: judging the propelling soil pressure P1 and the starting soil pressure P0, if P1 is greater than P0, reducing the rotating speed of the screw conveyor, and judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit or not; if P1 is less than P0, increasing the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor, and judging whether the cutter torque reaches the upper limit or not; if P1= P0, judging whether the discharged soil and the propulsion state are good;
step 64: if the state of the muck is good and the propelling speed is stable, monitoring and measuring the environment; if not, readjusting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor, and repeating the previous steps;
step 65: judging whether the monitoring and the measuring feedback of the environment reach a control standard, if so, continuing tunneling; if not, when the feedback is smaller than the control reference, performing secondary grouting, readjusting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the screw conveyor, and repeating the previous steps; and when the feedback is greater than the control reference, adjusting the rotating speed of the cutter head, the propelling speed and the rotating speed of the spiral conveyor, and repeating the previous steps.
7. The shield starting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in the step 7, the concrete steps of blocking the tunnel portal for the first time are as follows:
when the second tunnel portal tail brush is placed on the outer side of the duct piece, synchronous grouting slurry is injected through the grouting holes, and secondary grouting slurry is injected through the tunnel portal pre-buried grouting pipe;
the concrete steps of blocking the tunnel portal for the second time are as follows:
injecting synchronous grouting slurry through the grouting holes, injecting secondary grouting slurry into the 3-ring and 2-ring pipe pieces through the embedded grouting pipes, after the synchronous grouting slurry and the secondary grouting slurry are initially set, jumping-hole grouting is performed on the embedded grouting pipes in the range of 120 degrees at the top of the tunnel through a secondary grouting machine, and grouting is performed on the embedded pipes near the leakage water points found at the bottom;
the third hole plugging method comprises the following specific steps:
and after synchronous grouting slurry for secondary portal plugging and initial setting of the secondary grouting slurry, performing hole jumping grouting on the embedded grouting pipe in the range of 120 degrees at the top of the tunnel through a secondary grouting machine, and grouting the embedded pipe near the leakage water point found at the bottom.
8. The shield starting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 7, observing whether the water leakage condition exists in the tunnel portal or not when the shield tunneling machine (2) tunnels, and supplementing grouting through the grouting holes and the embedded grouting pipes if water leakage occurs.
9. An originating apparatus applied to the shield originating construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the starting device comprises a short sleeve (3), an external steel ring (4) and two tunnel portal steel wire brushes (1), wherein the short sleeve (3) and the external steel ring (4) are sleeved on the outer side of a shield tail (21) of a shield machine (2), the short sleeve (3) is connected to the rear side of the external steel ring (4), the tunnel portal steel wire brushes (1) are respectively connected with the short sleeve (3) and the external steel ring (4), the tunnel portal steel wire brushes (1), the short sleeve (3), the external steel ring (4) and the shield tail (21) are encircled to form a grease cavity (6), grease injection holes (8) of the grease cavity (6) are formed in the outer side of the short sleeve (3), a plurality of grease injection pipes (7) are uniformly distributed in the outer side of the external steel ring (4), the grease injection holes (8) of the grease injection pipes (7) are formed in the joint of the short sleeve (3) and the external steel ring (4), the short sleeve (3) is connected to the outer wall of the short sleeve (5), a steel plate (31) is sleeved on the outer side of the shield machine, and a steel plate (31) is arranged at the rear end of the shield machine (2), and a steel plate (31) is arranged on the outer side of the short sleeve (3), and a steel plate (5), third sleeve board (33), fourth sleeve board (34), first sleeve board (31), second sleeve board (32), third sleeve board (33), fourth sleeve board (34) are end to end in proper order and form the cylindrical structure.
10. The installation method of the shield tunneling originating construction apparatus according to claim 9, wherein: the installation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, matching a crane and a chain block, adjusting the inner side of one end of a first sleeve plate (31) to be aligned with the inner side of a portal steel ring, then welding and fixing the inner side of the first sleeve plate (31) by using carbon dioxide arc welding, then pulling the other end of the first sleeve plate (31) by using the chain block to be aligned with the inner side of the portal steel ring, then welding and fixing the inner side of the first sleeve plate (31) by using the chain block, then sequentially completing welding and fixing from left to right and from bottom to top according to the steps, completing the assembly of a short sleeve (3), then arranging reinforcing plates (9) at the back of the short sleeve (3) at intervals, then clearing floating rust on the wall of the short sleeve (3) and marking a circular ring impression, then welding a portal steel brush (1) at the portal steel ring and an external steel ring (4) along the circular ring impression, then installing a collision-proof head block in the portal steel ring, installing and backing up the bottom of the short sleeve (3) and the outer side of the collision-proof head block, and then installing a section steel starting device.
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| CN108678756A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-19 | 青岛新华友建工集团股份有限公司 | It closes on rivers highly permeable stratum major diameter slurry shield and originates construction safely |
| CN109505613A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-03-22 | 中铁五局集团电务工程有限责任公司 | Originating method in the hole of earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS in small space |
| CN113107501A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 中铁六局集团有限公司交通工程分公司 | Initial tunneling construction method for portal extension steel ring |
| CN113323689A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-08-31 | 上海市机械施工集团有限公司 | Shield starting end reinforcing structure and shield machine starting method |
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