CN108654615A - 一种利用可见光降解抗生素的复合催化剂 - Google Patents
一种利用可见光降解抗生素的复合催化剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于环境化学技术领域，具体涉及一种利用可见光降解抗生素的复合催化剂、制备方法及其在环境领域中的应用。本发明以长度达毫米级的石墨烯为载体，利用其比表面积大，表面活性高的特征，在其上负载纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂，获得一种利用可见光降解抗生素的复合催化剂。该纳米复合催化剂催化活性高，化学稳定性好，可广泛应用于水体中有害有机物治理等环境领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于环境化学技术领域，具体涉及一种利用可见光降解抗生素的复合催化剂，制备方法及其在环境领域中的应用。
背景技术
生活中的水体污染、空气污染等时刻都在威胁人们的健康，如何减少污染，保护环境成为人们日益关注的问题，具有降解有害有机物的光催化剂的制备成为材料化学领域的科研热点之一。纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂以其安全无毒和突出的光催化性能而受到众多关注。
本发明尝试将纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂负载于石墨烯载体之上，制备出了石墨烯/纳米银沉积钼酸银复合催化剂。石墨烯具有无毒，物理化学性质稳定和机械性能优良等诸多优点，受到了科研工作者越来越多的关注。本发明为了充分发挥纳米银沉积钼酸银及其复合产物的性能优势，创造性地提出了一种新型纳米复合催化剂的制备方法。该方法着眼于提高纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂的催化性能和使用效率，同时大幅度提高复合催化剂的回收率。由于本方法使用的石墨烯具有大比表面积的特性，可以使得纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂更易吸附于其表面上，有效提升了光催化效率，并解决了由于纳米银沉积钼酸银粒径小而引起的团聚，提高了纳米银沉积钼酸银的催化性能。同时本方法所制备的石墨烯长度达到毫米量级，使复合催化剂更加容易回收。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种新型的复合纳米催化剂的制备方法，获得催化性能优越，便于回收利用的一种新型复合纳米催化剂，显著提升了催化剂的催化效果，还解决了现有催化剂难于回收的问题。
本发明提出一种利用可见光降解抗生素的复合催化剂，其具体制备步骤为1)将加有模板剂的AgNO3溶液和Na2MoO4溶液置于生物半透膜的两侧，静置10小时后，将生物半透膜取下，将沉淀洗涤，烘干后获得钼酸银粉体；2)将获得的石墨烯和纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂放入到烧杯中，以无水乙醇为介质，用超声波分散1小时，将分散后的体系抽滤，再在烘箱中烘干，得到石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂；3)石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂在20W功率的紫外光下照射1～10分钟，得到石墨烯/纳米银沉积钼酸银纳米复合催化剂。
本发明提出一种利用可见光降解抗生素的复合催化剂，具体制备条件为：A.模板剂的加入质量为AgNO3溶液和Na2MoO4溶液质量的0.5～10％；B.石墨烯和纳米银沉积钼酸银的加入质量：两者质量比1:1～1:30；C.所使用的模板剂为聚乙二醇类或曲拉通X-100或吐温80之一种；D.所使用的生物半透膜为肠衣；F.本发明使用的石墨烯来自市售产品，要求产品的比表面积大于1000m2/g，纯度不小于99％。
本发明具有如下优点：
1、首次提出使用石墨烯作为纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂的载体。该石墨烯的比表面积大于1000m2/g，负载纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂后的比表面积为100cm2/g，优于绝大多数纳米银沉积钼酸银纳米催化剂载体或其复合催化剂。大幅度的提高了纳米银沉积钼酸银的催化性能，石墨烯/纳米银沉积钼酸银纳米复合催化剂的催化性能相较于纯纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂催化效率显著提高。
2.本发明制备的新型纳米复合催化剂中，作为载体的是尺寸达到毫米量级的明星材料石墨烯。本发明制备的新型纳米复合催化剂较之更加便于回收再利用，催化剂的回收率可以达到95％以上。
3.本发明制备的新型纳米复合催化剂所使用的石墨烯纳米粉体及纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂均安全无毒，良好的物理化学性质及出色的光催化性能等优点，不会对环境造成二次污染。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1：
量取20mL 0.1mol/L AgNO3水溶液，10mL 0.1mol/L Na2MoO4水溶液，分别加入聚乙二醇0.02g，将两种溶液置于肠衣的两侧，静置反应10小时，至体系充分反应，取肠衣两侧的沉淀，洗涤烘干后获得石墨烯粉体；将石墨烯粉体1g和上述步骤重复多次获得的纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂0.5g投入到烧杯中，以无水乙醇为介质，超声分散1小时后，将分散后的体系抽滤，再在烘箱中烘干，得到石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂；石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂在20W功率的紫外光下照射10分钟，得到石墨烯/纳米银沉积钼酸银纳米复合催化剂。加入0.1g复合催化剂，用其降解50mL的浓度为50mg/L的盐酸四环素溶液，阳光照射30分钟即可实现降解。
实施例2
量取20mL 0.1mol/L AgNO3水溶液，10mL 0.1mol/L Na2MoO4水溶液，分别加入曲拉通x-100 0.02g，将两种溶液置于肠衣的两侧，静置反应10小时，至体系充分反应，取鱼鳔两侧的沉淀，洗涤烘干后获得石墨烯粉体；将石墨烯粉体1g和上述步骤重复多次获得的纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂1g投入到烧杯中，以无水乙醇为介质，超声分散1小时后，将分散后的体系抽滤，再在烘箱中烘干，得到石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂；石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂在20W功率的紫外光下照射10分钟，得到石墨烯/纳米银沉积钼酸银纳米复合催化剂。加入0.1g复合催化剂，用其降解50mL的浓度为50mg/L的盐酸四环素溶液，阳光照射28分钟即可实现降解。
实施例3
量取20mL 0.1mol/L AgNO3水溶液，10mL 0.1mol/L Na2MoO4水溶液，分别加入聚乙二醇0.02g，将两种溶液置于肠衣的两侧，静置反应10小时，至体系充分反应，取肠衣两侧的沉淀，洗涤烘干后获得石墨烯粉体；将石墨烯粉体2g和上述步骤重复多次获得的纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂0.5g投入到烧杯中，以无水乙醇为介质，超声分散1小时后，将分散后的体系抽滤，再在烘箱中烘干，得到石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂；石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂在20W功率的紫外光下照射8分钟，得到石墨烯/纳米银沉积钼酸银纳米复合催化剂。加入0.1g复合催化剂，用其降解50mL的浓度为50mg/L的盐酸四环素溶液，阳光照射35分钟即可实现降解。
实施例4
量取20mL 0.1mol/L AgNO3水溶液，10mL 0.1mol/L Na2MoO4水溶液，分别加入吐温80 0.02g，将两种溶液置于肠衣的两侧，静置反应10小时，至体系充分反应，取两侧的沉淀，洗涤烘干后获得石墨烯粉体；将石墨烯粉体1g和上述步骤重复多次获得的纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂0.5g投入到烧杯中，以无水乙醇为介质，超声分散1小时后，将分散后的体系抽滤，再在烘箱中烘干，得到石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂；石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂在20W功率的紫外光下照射8分钟，得到石墨烯/纳米银沉积钼酸银纳米复合催化剂。加入0.1g复合催化剂，用其降解50mL的浓度为50mg/L的盐酸四环素溶液，阳光照射35分钟即可实现降解。
实施例5
量取20mL 0.1mol/L AgNO3水溶液，10mL 0.1mol/L Na2MoO4水溶液，分别加入聚乙二醇0.02g，将两种溶液置于肠衣的两侧，静置反应10小时，至体系充分反应，取膀胱膜两侧的沉淀，洗涤烘干后获得石墨烯粉体；将石墨烯粉体1g和上述步骤重复多次获得的纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂0.5g投入到烧杯中，以无水乙醇为介质，超声分散1小时后，将分散后的体系抽滤，再在烘箱中烘干，得到石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂；石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂在20W功率的紫外光下照射5分钟，得到石墨烯/纳米银沉积钼酸银纳米复合催化剂。加入0.1g复合催化剂，用其降解50mL的浓度为50mg/L的盐酸四环素溶液，阳光照射40分钟即可实现降解。
实施例6
量取20mL 0.1mol/L AgNO3水溶液，10mL 0.1mol/L Na2MoO4水溶液，分别加入曲拉通-100 0.02g，将两种溶液置于肠衣的两侧，静置10小时，至体系充分反应，取两侧的沉淀，洗涤烘干后获得石墨烯粉体；将石墨烯粉体2g和上述步骤重复多次获得的纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂0.5g投入到烧杯中，以无水乙醇为介质，超声分散1小时后，将分散后的体系抽滤，再在烘箱中烘干，得到石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂；石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂在20W功率的紫外光下照射10分钟，得到石墨烯/纳米银沉积钼酸银纳米复合催化剂。加入0.1g复合催化剂，用其降解50mL的浓度为50mg/L的盐酸四环素溶液，阳光照射32分钟即可实现降解。
Claims (3)
1.一种利用可见光降解抗生素的复合催化剂，制备步骤为：1)将加有模板剂的AgNO3溶液和Na2MoO4溶液置于生物半透膜肠衣的两侧，静置反应10小时后，将生物半透膜肠衣取下后，洗涤生物半透膜两侧生成的沉淀，烘干后获得钼酸银粉体；2)将获得的石墨烯和纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂放入到烧杯中，以无水乙醇为介质，用超声波分散1小时，将分散后的体系抽滤，再在烘箱中烘干，得到石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂；3)石墨烯/钼酸银纳米复合催化剂在20W功率的紫外光下照射1～10分钟，得到石墨烯/纳米银沉积钼酸银纳米复合催化剂。
2.根据权利要求书1所述，石墨烯和纳米银沉积钼酸银催化剂的质量比为1:1-1:30。
3.根据权利要求1所述，其特征在于，所述的模板剂为曲拉通x-100或聚乙二醇或吐温80之一种。
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| CN102580739A (zh) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏大学 | 一种石墨烯/钼酸银复合可见光催化剂及其制备方法 |
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| CN102580739A (zh) * | 2012-03-06 | 2012-07-18 | 江苏大学 | 一种石墨烯/钼酸银复合可见光催化剂及其制备方法 |
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