CN108651208A - A kind of method of chromium content in reduction tobacco leaf - Google Patents
A kind of method of chromium content in reduction tobacco leaf Download PDFInfo
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- CN108651208A CN108651208A CN201810310880.0A CN201810310880A CN108651208A CN 108651208 A CN108651208 A CN 108651208A CN 201810310880 A CN201810310880 A CN 201810310880A CN 108651208 A CN108651208 A CN 108651208A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention belongs to tobacco planting technical fields, and in particular to a kind of effective method for reducing heavy metal chromium content in tobacco leaf.This method utilizes the technical principle of molybdenum antagonism chromium, by applying trace element molybdenum during tobacco planting, to antagonism tobacco being absorbed and utilized for chromium, specifically：After the normal seeding and seedling raising of tobacco seed, before tobacco seedlings transplant ridging, soluble molybdenum salt is uniformly sprayed（Or it can be directly dissolved in irrigation water）Into cultivating soil；Later stage carries out cultivation management according to conventional field management measure；Soluble molybdenum salt usage amount is specially：In terms of 700 ~ 1100mg/L, applied amount is in the soil：400 ~ 600L/ mus, that is, 0.28 ~ 0.66kg/ mus.The method of chromium content has the characteristics that at low cost, simple and practicable, solid in reduction tobacco leaf provided herein, can fundamentally reduce chromium content in tobacco leaf, can be that the stabilization of quality of tobacco and improvement are promoted and laid the foundation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco planting technical fields, and in particular to a kind of effective side for reducing heavy metal chromium content in tobacco leaf
Method.
Background technology
In recent years, with the attention studied for heavy metal pollution, both at home and abroad to heavy metal behavior and a huge sum of money in tobacco
Belong to control aspect and does numerous studies.Existing research is thought, in tobacco aspiration procedure, the heavy metal adsorbed in tobacco can lead to
It crosses main flume and enters human body, so that smoking becomes one of the important sources that smoker absorbs certain heavy metals.
Part research thinks that chromium belongs in tobacco planting one of the main chemical elements for polluting tobacco, since tobacco belongs to
It is easy to absorb and the plant of enriching heavy metal, so when heavy metal excess in tobacco leaf, in aspiration procedure, heavy metal will be with
The form of aerosol or metal oxide enters human body by main flume, causes damages to health.With tobacco business
Attention to harm reduction increasingly obtains common concern to the research of heavy metal in tobacco, has reduced in tobacco leaf poisonous and harmful substance
As the key of raising quality of tobacco safety.Heavy metal not only influences photosynthetic characters of tobacco, enzymatic activity, protein and amino acid and contains
The important physiological and biochemical indexs such as amount can more cause cigarette quality and the degradation of yield when the concentration is too high.Therefore effectively control
The content of chromium is of great significance to the health risk for reducing smoker in tobacco curing grass and tobacco product.
In plant growth, a large amount of chemical elements is needed to participate in growth, how much is foundation plant demand, can simply be divided into big
Secondary element and micro- two classes.And the difference of the soil environment due to plant growth, the content of different chemical elements in soil
Also it is different.To adapt to different growing environment, plant can according to element different in soil environment how much, for chemistry
There is centainly alternative and alternative, so that it is guaranteed that growth history is complete between the demand of element.But in general, this
Kind substitutability and alternative show difference due to the difference of floristics and growing environment, lack more unified rule,
Therefore it needs to be studied respectively for growth rhythm of the different plants in different growing environment.
For tobacco planting, since the resistance to adaptive of tobacco is stronger, thus Partial Tobacco is planted in chromium-polluted soil,
So that chromium content is higher in these tobacco plants, cigarette quality is reduced, while being also the health care belt of tobacco sucking crowd
Potential hazard is carried out.To reduce this risk, it is necessary in conjunction with the growth rhythm of tobacco, be changed to the planting patterns of tobacco
It is good, reduce the chromium content in tobacco plant.
Invention content
The application is designed to provide a kind of effective method for reducing heavy metal chromium content in tobacco leaf, to be cigarette quality
Improvement and stablize promoted lay the foundation.
Details are as follows for the technical solution that the application is taken.
A kind of method of heavy metal chromium content in reduction tobacco leaf, the application utilize the technical principle of molybdenum antagonism chromium, by
Apply trace element molybdenum during tobacco planting, to antagonism tobacco being absorbed and utilized for chromium, specifically：
After the normal seeding and seedling raising of tobacco seed, before tobacco seedlings transplant ridging, soluble molybdenum salt is uniformly sprayed（Or it can be direct
It is dissolved in irrigation water）Into cultivating soil；Later stage carries out cultivation management according to conventional field management measure；
The soluble molybdenum salt usage amount, specially：After molybdenum salt is dissolved in water, in terms of 700 ~ 1100mg/L（Be preferably formulated to
900 ~ 1000mg/L concentration）, in the soil applied amount be：400 ~ 600L/ mus, that is, 0.28 ~ 0.66kg/ mus（It is preferred that applied amount is
360 ~ 540g/ mus）；
The soluble molybdenum salt, for example, calcium molybdate, ammonium molybdate etc., preferably sodium molybdate（Na2MoO4·2H2O）；
The cultivating soil, chromium content should be exceeded soil in soil, and chromium content is, for example, specifically 21mg/kg in soil；Together
When soil in molybdenum content should be less than crop demand critical level（Henan most area belongs to scarce molybdenum soil at present）,
Specifically, can efficiently use molybdenum content in soil is not higher than 0.03mg/kg.
Application of soluble molybdenum salt during tobacco cultivation, for antagonism tobacco being absorbed and utilized for chromium.
Have studies have shown that molybdenum is the ingredient of nitrate reductase in crop body, participates in the reduction process of nitric nitrogen, can promote
Into nitrogen metabolism；Molybdenum also advantageously improves the content and stability of chlorophyll, is conducive to photosynthetic be normally carried out and enhance
Photosynthesis；Molybdenum can also improve the ability that carbohydrate, especially sucrose are flowed from leaf portion to stalk and reproductive organs, favorably
In the formation and conversion of carbohydrate.Therefore, chemical element molybdenum is essential micro member in most plants especially tobacco growing
One of element.
For tobacco planting, numerous studies show that the height of molybdenum content in soil directly affects the growth and development of tobacco
And product quality.Suitable supplement molybdenum can increase tobacco leaf oil in soil, reduce nicotine content, improve tobacco production, quality
With first-class cigarette ratio.But for nutritional ingredient reality in China's soil, other than soil near molybdenum ore, most cultivating soils
In molybdenum content it is relatively low, need additionally supplement addition.And on the other hand, for tobacco planting, whether molybdenum being capable of antagonism
The absorption of chromium and antagonistic effect and molybdenum salt how effectively to be used then to be a lack of more detailed research report.
In conjunction with tobacco growing rule and tobacco to nutritional need, nutritional utilization rule in soil, this application provides one kind
Effectively reduce the method that is enriched with to heavy metal chromium in soil of tobacco leaf, this method by way of additionally adding trace element molybdenum salt,
Supplement tobacco growing for micro- demand, promote tobacco growing while, effective antagonism tobacco leaf is for chromium
It absorbs, thereby reduces the content of chromium in tobacco leaf.
In general, it is provided herein reduce tobacco leaf in chromium content method have it is at low cost, simple and practicable, conscientiously may be used
By feature, can fundamentally reduce chromium content in tobacco leaf, can be quality of tobacco stabilization and improve promoted lay the foundation, have compared with
Good practical value and popularization and application meaning.
Specific implementation mode
Explanation is further explained to the application with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
To examine the feasibility provided herein for reducing heavy metal chromium content method in tobacco leaf, inventor to carry out corresponding cultivation
Kind experiment, is briefly discussed below.
Experimental site：The Henan counties Xu Changxiang tobacco bases show soil in base to part metals content detection in soil
Middle chromium content is 21mg/kg, and Available Molybdenum in Soil content is 0.03mg/kg；
Tobacco bred：Henan tobacco region main breed Zhongyan-100 is selected, the tobacco is adaptable by force, yield is high, easily roasting property is strong etc.
Advantage；
Implantation time：Between 4 ~ October in 2016；
Experimental setup：It is carried out using field plot trial mode, each cell（Single experimental group）Area is 30m2, including blank
Two control group, experimental group processing groups, every group of 5 repetitions.
Experimentation：
Tobacco seedlings are normally cultivated first；Before transplanting tobacco seedlings at the beginning of 5 months, by sodium molybdate（Na2MoO4·2H2O）It is configured to 900mg/L molybdenums
Then acid sodium aqueous solution is uniformly sprayed at soil surface according to the difference amount of spraying, wait for that soil natural air-dries, and normal transplanting rises
Ridge, epiphragma carry out field management according to tobacco leaf production specification；
Each experimental group processing mode is specific as follows：
Experimental group sprays 16L sodium molybdate aqueous solutions（It is equivalent to Na2MoO4·2H20.36kg/ mus of O）
Blank control group sprays 24L clear water as blank control.
At the beginning of 10 months, after tobacco leaf maturation, collect tobacco plant, acquire respectively in batches when collection inferior leads, middle leaf, on
Portion's leaf, and carry out index of correlation detection.
（1）The measurement of tenor
It by the sample of picking after drying to constant weight in hot air drying oven, grinds, cross 200 mesh screens, digested with concentrated nitric acid
After processing, digestive juice icp ms（ICP-MS）Detect chromium therein（Cr）, molybdenum（Mo）Content.Inspection
It is as follows that survey summarizes rear the results list：
Table 1, Cr, Mo content of tobacco leaf different parts（Unit, mg/kg）
Note：Data acquire tobacco sample testing result by each replicate treatment groups and summarize in table.
According to the measurement result of table 1, each processing group Cr content average values are taken, calculate the reduction rate of Cr, calculation formula is：
Reduction rate=（Blank control group Cr contents-processing group Cr contents）/ blank control group Cr contents；
Result of calculation is as follows：
Reduction rate of 2 sodium molybdate of table to heavy metal Cr in tobacco leaf
Note：In same row, compared with the control group, " * " indicates significant difference（P ﹤ 0.05）, " * * " indicates that difference is extremely notable（P ﹤
0.01）.
2 data analysis of above-mentioned table can be seen that by spraying sodium molybdate solution, chromium in tobacco leaf more can be significantly reduced
Under content gradually increases the reducing effect of Cr in inferior leads and middle leaf, but the Cr effects in reduction upper leaf will be less than
The effect of portion's leaf and middle leaf.This experiment shows that the application of a certain concentration sodium molybdate can effectively reduce containing for Cr in tobacco leaf
Amount, but with tobacco leaf position difference, reducing effect also difference.
Further, due to additionally applying molybdenum salt, it is therefore necessary to it is true to carry out further detection to the content of Mo in tobacco leaf
Fixed, specific testing result is as shown in table 3 below：
Table 3, sodium molybdate use Mo contents in rear tobacco leaf
Note：In same row, compared with the control group, " * " indicates significant difference（P ﹤ 0.05）, " * * " indicates that difference is extremely notable（P ﹤ 0.01）.
3 data analysis of above-mentioned table can be seen that and extremely significantly improve cigarette after applying sodium molybdate in the experimental plot
The content of molybdenum in leaf.
（2）The measurement of routine chemical components
By the middle part of collection and top flue-cured tobacco sample, the content of total nitrogen is measured with hydrogen peroxide-sulfuric acid digestion method；According to
159 ~ 162-2002 of YC/T tobaccos and tobacco product chemical composition continuous flow method, with AA3 types Flow Analyzer to total reducing sugar, also
Raw sugar, nicotine, chlorine and potassium are measured.Specific experiment result list is as follows：
Table 4, after sodium molybdate application, middle leaf chemical composition change situation
Note：In same row, there are significant differences between different letter expression groups（P ﹤ 0.05）.
As shown in Table 4, middle leaf total sugar content processing is less than control group；Content of reducing sugar processing is significantly less than control group；
Nicotine content experimental group and control group do not have significant difference；Potassium content processing is significantly higher than control, illustrates that applying molybdenum can improve
The potassium content of flue-cured tobacco middle leaf；Potassium chlorine is found than analysis, the potassium chlorine ratio of experimental group is significantly higher than control；Nitrogen base ratio processing is equal
It is significantly better than control, and is more nearly high-quality tobacco content range.
Table 5, after sodium molybdate application, Upper Leaves ' Chemical Element situation of change
Note：In same row, there are significant differences between different letter expression groups（P ﹤ 0.05）.
As shown in Table 5, upper leaf total sugar content experimental group is substantially less than significantly less than blank group, content of reducing sugar experimental group
Blank control group；Nicotine content control group and experimental group do not have significant difference；Chlorinity experimental group is substantially less than control group；Potassium
Content experimental group is significantly higher than control group；By being found than analysis to potassium chlorine, experimental group is significantly higher than control group, the application of molydbenum fertilizer
To improving Upper Leaf of Flue-cured Tobacco potassium chlorine than advantageous.
It in summary, can apparent antagonism after laboratory test results can be seen that by applying molybdate in cultivating soil
Enrichment of the tobacco for chromium reduces Cr contents in tobacco leaf, while can improve preservative water preperation, while reducing chlorinity, because
And be conducive to ensureing quality of tobacco while cigarette quality can be obviously improved.Since associated method of use is relatively simple, is easy to
It promotes, thus the enhancing of the growth and development and tobacco disease resistance ability for promotion tobacco is all significant, shows preferably
Practical value.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method reducing heavy metal chromium content in tobacco leaf, which is characterized in that micro- by applying during tobacco planting
Secondary element molybdenum, to antagonism tobacco being absorbed and utilized for chromium, specifically：
After the normal seeding and seedling raising of tobacco seed, before tobacco seedlings transplant ridging, soluble molybdenum salt is uniformly sprayed on cultivating soil
In or be directly dissolved in irrigation water and irrigate in cultivating soil；
The soluble molybdenum salt usage amount, specially：After molybdenum salt is dissolved in water, in terms of 700 ~ 1100mg/L, apply in the soil
Amount is：400 ~ 600L/ mus, that is, 0.28 ~ 0.66kg/ mus.
2. the method for reducing heavy metal chromium content in tobacco leaf as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that soluble molybdenum salt is in soil
Middle applied amount is 360 ~ 540g/ mus.
3. the method for reducing heavy metal chromium content in tobacco leaf as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the soluble molybdenum salt,
Specifically use one or more arbitrary proportion mixtures.
4. the method for reducing heavy metal chromium content in tobacco leaf as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the soluble molybdenum salt choosing
From calcium molybdate, ammonium molybdate, sodium molybdate.
5. the method for reducing heavy metal chromium content in tobacco leaf as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the cultivating soil, soil
Earth is the exceeded soil of chromium content, and chromium content is not less than 21mg/kg；Soil is to lack molybdenum soil simultaneously, and molybdenum can be efficiently used in soil
Content is not higher than 0.030mg/kg.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810310880.0A CN108651208B (en) | 2018-04-09 | 2018-04-09 | Method for reducing chromium content in tobacco leaves |
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| CN201810310880.0A CN108651208B (en) | 2018-04-09 | 2018-04-09 | Method for reducing chromium content in tobacco leaves |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114208846A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-03-22 | 河南农业大学 | Application of exogenous selenium-molybdenum composition in relieving chromium stress of tobacco |
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| CN114208846A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-03-22 | 河南农业大学 | Application of exogenous selenium-molybdenum composition in relieving chromium stress of tobacco |
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