CN101213912B - Method for producing selenium-rich tobacco - Google Patents
Method for producing selenium-rich tobacco Download PDFInfo
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- CN101213912B CN101213912B CN2008100256436A CN200810025643A CN101213912B CN 101213912 B CN101213912 B CN 101213912B CN 2008100256436 A CN2008100256436 A CN 2008100256436A CN 200810025643 A CN200810025643 A CN 200810025643A CN 101213912 B CN101213912 B CN 101213912B
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the technical field of the tobacco production. The present invention provides a production method of Selenium-enriched tobacco. The method comprises the following steps that: (1) 20 to 40 days before the tobacco seedling is transplanted in the large field, the solution containing the selenium-ion with the concentration of 0.5PPm to 5PPm and the agricultural rare-earth with the concentration of 0.001 percent to 0.02 percent is used for floating culture of the seedling, and the spacing interval for every time of the floating culture of the seedling is 8 to 12 days; (2) after the tobacco seedling is transplanted in the field, Selenium-enriched nutrient fluid containing the selenium iron with the concentration of 5PPm to 50PPm is sprayed on the leaves of the tobacco during the growth period; and the spraying quantity is 30 L to 50 L per six acres; (3) after the tobacco is matured, the tobacco can be harvested. Adopting the mineral element selenium as the micro fertilizer to culture the tobacco seedling or to spray the leaves of the tobacco in the field, the present invention can promote the strong growth of the tobacco, improve the disease-preventionability of the tobacco, promote the growth of the tobacco, improve the yield of the tobacco leaves and improve the effect of the selenium content; moreover, during the production process, the selenium content in the tobacco leaves can be controlled by people.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the tobacco production technical field, be specifically related to a kind of production method of selenium-rich tobacco.
Background technology
Tobacco planting is mainly used in and produces the cigarette raw material for a long time, and current tobacco research mainly is to use the tobacco leaf of produced in conventional processes to be raw material, after reducing tobacco leaf toxicity, makes the raw material of cigarette.
In recent decades; Along with human civilization advance, the develop rapidly of modern science and technology, the application of many high-precision biochemical technologies in life science; Especially the Application Research of tobacco material composition is found in the tobacco material composition the harmful material composition of health to be no less than 200 kinds.Simultaneously, clinical medicine also correspondingly find harmful health carcinogen mainly from smoking.What therefore, the tide of the World Health Organization and anti-smoking campaign was one and another starts.Some main developed countries also take to resist and limit the measure of smoking in succession in the world, and international cigarette market has also occurred quickening to the cigarette Development Trend of harmful components such as low tar, low nicotine more.Meanwhile, domestic also on the basis of using for reference the technology of reducing tar and reducing harm in the world, develop the comprehensive reducing tar and reducing harm technology of the cigarette that is fit to China's national situation and promote the use of in the production.However, harmfulness of smoking health has become the human consensus and the undisputed fact.
As stated, be engaged in the personnel of tobacco research now, main energy all concentrates on the research to the tobacco material of produced in conventional processes, promptly how to reduce the murder by poisoning of its toxicity to the smoker.
Selenium (Se) is teleorganic trace element, is human body glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) important activity composition, plays the effect of removing interior free yl; Lack selenium relevant with more than 40 kind of disease of human body (like malignant tumour, hepatitis B, cardiovascular disease and diabetes or the like); Selenium can protected protein matter in human body and DNA macromolecular structure and function avoid the damage of free radical; Play the effect that reduces gene mutation property, DNA plerosis, the intake of selenium becomes negative correlation with the incidence of disease of cancer in the human body; Selenium can reduce the toxicity of nicotine and tar simultaneously, and tumour is played inhibition, and multiple carcinogen in the flue gas is had antagonism.
People such as Liu Jianfu find that low to send out Se content in district's tobacco leaf be 3 times of lung cancer hotspot to lung cancer; The suction iodine enriched cigarette can make the human body blood selenium level aspirate regular-size cigarette human body blood selenium level raising 10%; These results of study show the selenium in the main flume can get into human body participate in blood circulation (Liu Jianfu, Yin Dafeng, Tan Xinliang etc. the development of low tar, low free radical, rich selenium Virginian-type cigarette, " Chinese tobacco journal ", calendar year 2001; The 3rd phase, the 11-14 page or leaf).
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides the artificial a kind of production method that improves selenium content in the tobacco in the tobacco growing process.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted:
A kind of production method of selenium-rich tobacco may further comprise the steps:
(1) before cigarette transplantation of seedlings land for growing field crops 20～40 days, the concentration of using plasma selenium was 2/10,000/100000ths solution floating seedlings 2～3 times as the concentration of 0.5PPm～5PPm, agricultural rare-earth, and each floating seedlings interval time is 8～12 days;
(2) behind cigarette transplantation of seedlings land for growing field crops, vegetative period, the concentration to the foliage-spray plasma selenium was the selenium-rich nutritive liquid of 5PPm～50PPm; The amount of spraying is 30L～50L/ mu;
(3) gather after the tobacco maturation and promptly get;
The concentration of plasma selenium is preferably 1PPm in the said solution of step (1).
Agricultural concentrations of rare-earth is preferably 5/100000ths in the said solution of step (1).
The aqueous solution that the described selenium-rich nutritive liquid of step (1) is the mineral salt of selenium.
Plasma selenium concentration is preferably 20PPm in the said selenium-rich nutritive liquid of step (2).
Also comprise the steps: before tobacco leaf picking 7～10 days in the said step (3), the concentration of treating the tobacco leaf Spraying Se ion of gathering is the selenium-rich nutritive liquid of 5PPm～50PPm, and the amount of spraying is 30L～50L/ mu.Plasma selenium concentration is preferably 20PPm in the said selenium-rich nutritive liquid.
The present invention uses and researches and develops agro-ecology geochemistry basic theories and Biogeochemistry nutrition engineering conversion technology for many years; Utilize biological essential little nutritive element to optimize agricultural product and kind; Absorption, conversion and enrichment through organism; Improve the little nutritive element content of the bioactive organic of its tool, satisfy the health demand.The inorganic mineral element selenium of variable concentrations is used to educate the cigarette seedling; Or selenium is sprayed on the different phase blade face that is used for land for growing field crops tobacco growing growth; Or tobacco blade face spray in the early stage selenium of gathering; Through in the tobacco leaf process of growth to the absorption of trace elements of selenium, enrichment and transformation, the inorganic selenium of manual work being executed spray changes into the bioactive organic selenium of tool (protein selenium) in the biological tobacco body.Usually in the soil environment tobacco selenium content of growing and cultivating general＜0.1PPm, the content through organic selenium in artificial optimization's the rich selenium tobacco leaf than cultivate in the general soil environment up to several times to hundred times, and can accomplish artificial quantitatively regulating and controlling.
The present invention makes little fattening cigarette seedling through mineral element selenium or spray is executed on tobacco blade face, land for growing field crops, reaches to promote the sturdy growth of tobacco and improve tobacco disease resistance power, promotes the effect of the content of tobacco growing growth, the output that improves tobacco leaf and selenium.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further.But protection scope of the present invention is not limited in this.
Embodiment 1
(1) in cigarette seedling stage, use the concentration of plasma selenium to be 1PPm, the concentration of agricultural rare-earth is 5/100000ths, and floating 3 times, each interval time was 10 days with selenium-rich nutritive liquid and agricultural rare-earth solution floating seedlings in preceding 1 month in cigarette transplantation of seedlings land for growing field crops;
(2) behind cigarette transplantation of seedlings land for growing field crops, vegetative period, the concentration to the foliage-spray plasma selenium was the selenium-rich nutritive liquid of 20PPm;
(3) gather after the tobacco maturation and promptly get;
Described selenium-rich nutritive liquid is the aqueous solution of sodium selenite.
Also comprise the steps: before tobacco leaf picking 7～10 days in the said step (3), the concentration of treating the tobacco leaf Spraying Se ion of gathering is the selenium-rich nutritive liquid of 20PPm.Before gathering in before gathering in the bottom and middle part, the amount of spraying of treating the position of gathering is 50L/ mu, and the amount of spraying of treating the position of gathering before gathering in top is a 40L/ mu.
Utilize method of the present invention to produce rich selenium tobacco leaf, behind described selenium-rich nutritive liquid floating seedlings, mostly the tobacco seedling well developed root system is white; Do not have obvious main root, transplant the no seedling-slowing stage in back, early growth and quick tiller; Growing way is better, and the tobacco leaf growth is vigorous, all keeps good growing way up to gathering.
1. floating seedlings, using the purpose that little mineral element selenium nutrient solution educates the cigarette seedling is to attempt to improve from different degree the rate of body weight gain and selenium content (with the control group comparison) of cigarette seedlings, its advantage mainly shows following two aspects:
(1) the cigarette seedling is educated in floating pond, and can promote cigarette seedling dry mass to increase: can find out from cigarette seedling dry weight statistics: the 3rd group of (selenium+agricultural rare-earth) cigarette seedling on average weighs 0.44 gram/strain (rate of body weight gain is higher by 46.7% than control group); Second group (agricultural rare-earth), cigarette seedling on average weigh 0.375 gram/strain (rate of body weight gain is higher by 25% than control group); First group of (selenium) cigarette seedling on average weighs 0.3119 gram/strain (rate of body weight gain is higher by 3.97% than control group); The 4th group (contrast) on average weighs 0.3 gram/strain.。
(2) content of trace elements of selenium all obtains raising (seeing table 1) in various degree in the dried cigarette seedling
The testing result of trace elements of selenium relatively in the dried cigarette seedling of table 1
2. the selenium-rich nutritive liquid behind the cigarette transplantation of seedlings land for growing field crops sprays and effect
Spray selenium in blade face behind the cigarette transplantation of seedlings land for growing field crops, main purpose is to improve tobacco disease resistance power, promotes tobacco growing to grow.(growing state after spraying is seen table 2);
Tobacco growing situation after spraying behind the table 2 transplanting land for growing field crops
| Item compared | Plastic mulching | Statistics strain number | The weather spot infects the strain number | Infection rate (%) |
| Little mineral element selenium | Be | 380 | 0 | 0 |
| Little mineral element selenium+agricultural rare-earth | Be | 393 | 0 | 0 |
| Control samples | Be | 210 | 28 | 13.3 |
| Little mineral element agricultural rare-earth | Not | 239 | 7 | 2.93 |
| Control samples | Not | 288 | 41 | 14.2 |
Statistics shows: use little mineral element selenium or selenium+agricultural rare-earth sample, can suppress tobacco virus widely and infect, obviously strengthen tobacco disease resistance power and promote tobacco growing to grow; But the control samples of not using little mineral element identical with transplanting condition relatively, control samples tobacco virus infection rate reaches 13.3%; Use the test of little mineral element agricultural rare-earth, tobacco virus infection rate 2.93% compares with the control samples of not using little mineral element, and control samples tobacco virus infection rate reaches 14.2%; It is thus clear that, use little mineral element (no matter be selenium, selenium+agricultural rare-earth or only use agricultural rare-earth) can both improve tobacco disease resistance power in various degree, the growth of control tobacco virus, wherein better with the effect of using little mineral element selenium.
3. the effect after the selenium-rich nutritive liquid before tobacco is gathered sprays
In order to improve the selenium content of tobacco leaf, gathered preceding 7～10 days in the tobacco bottom, or the middle part gathered preceding 7～10 days, spray the Se-containing nutritive liquid of 20PPm respectively.The content of selenium is seen table 3 in different spraying concentrations and the control group gained tobacco leaf.
Table 3 tobacco leaf selenium testing result relatively
Result of the test shows: (like selenium concentration 10PPm, 20PPm) tobacco contains the selenium enriching quantity in the finite concentration scope increases with the increase of concentration; The selenium enriching quantity also increases with executing the spray number of times in the same concentration range; But when Se-containing nutritive liquid excessive concentration (selenium concentration greater than 100PPm time), can poison tobacco leaf, make the part tobacco leaf rotten to the corn, the part leaf margin is withered to deepen brown, though the effect that reduces nicotine is arranged, fails to reach the requirement that keeps outward appearance.
After the little mineral element of above-mentioned usefulness was educated cigarette seedling and cigarette transplantation of seedlings land for growing field crops, the tobacco leaf growing way of experimental field was vigorous, compared with the cigarette strain of contrast, and many advantageous feature are arranged: (1) cigarette strain individual with colony's neat and consistent, sturdy, high, blade is big and thick; (2) tobacco leaf early blossoming phenomenon was obviously postponed 7～10 days than control group; (3) blade is clean, and is strong to viral resistance, especially the weather spot had tangible resistant function; (4) blade is fully expanded, and the length and width degree adapts to the requirement of high-quality cigarette; (5) land for growing field crops cigarette strain effective blade conforms to the good quality and high output tobacco leaf fully.
Claims (6)
1. the production method of a selenium-rich tobacco is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) before tobacco is transplanted the land for growing field crops 20～40 days, the concentration of using plasma selenium was 2/10,000/100000ths solution floating seedlings 2～3 times as the concentration of 0.5PPm～5PPm, agricultural rare-earth, and the floating seedlings interval time is 8～12 days at every turn;
(2) behind cigarette transplantation of seedlings land for growing field crops, vegetative period, the concentration to the foliage-spray plasma selenium was the selenium-rich nutritive liquid of 5PPm～50PPm; Spray is 30L～50L/ mu in right amount;
(3) gather after the tobacco maturation and promptly get; Gathered preceding 7～10 days tobacco, the concentration of treating the tobacco leaf Spraying Se ion of gathering is the selenium-rich nutritive liquid of 5PPm～50PPm, and the amount of spraying is 30L～50L/ mu.
2. the production method of a kind of selenium-rich tobacco according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the concentration of plasma selenium is 1PPm in the said solution of step (1).
3. the production method of a kind of selenium-rich tobacco according to claim 1 is characterized in that, agricultural concentrations of rare-earth is 5/100000ths in the said solution of step (1).
4. the production method of a kind of selenium-rich tobacco according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the aqueous solution that the described selenium-rich nutritive liquid of step (1) is the mineral salt of selenium.
5. the production method of a kind of selenium-rich tobacco according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the concentration of plasma selenium is 20PPm in the said selenium-rich nutritive liquid of step (2).
6. the production method of a kind of selenium-rich tobacco according to claim 1 is characterized in that, plasma selenium concentration is 20PPm in the said selenium-rich nutritive liquid of step (3).
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103210763A (en) * | 2013-04-14 | 2013-07-24 | 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司 | Stereoscopic culturing and planting method of double cured tobaccos for optimizing tobacco leaf structure and improving tobacco leaf quality |
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| CN103304296B (en) * | 2012-03-24 | 2014-07-09 | 湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司 | Selenium-enriched organic fertilizer of tobacco stem |
| CN103299796B (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2014-09-24 | 湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司 | Method for supplementing selenium for tobacco in seedling period |
| CN102617247B (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2013-12-11 | 常熟市平冶机械有限公司 | Selenium-rich nutrient solution |
| CN102696620A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-10-03 | 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司 | Composite preparation special for tobacco seedlings and application thereof |
| CN103932386B (en) * | 2014-03-22 | 2015-12-30 | 南通蛇类治疗研究所 | The low harmful element cigarette of selenium-enriched plant |
| CN104844309A (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-08-19 | 周延想 | Method for lowing tar content in tobacco leaves |
| CN105766278B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2018-12-25 | 广东省烟草南雄科学研究所 | The strong sprout method of leaf-cutting is substituted in a kind of tobacco plant nursery |
| CN107361399A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-21 | 安徽富村微量元素科技有限公司 | A kind of selenium-rich cigarette and preparation method thereof |
| CN108129176A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-08 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Selenium-rich tobacco fertilizer special for organic and its method of administration |
| CN108184596A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-06-22 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich tobacco |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103210763A (en) * | 2013-04-14 | 2013-07-24 | 云南省烟草公司楚雄州公司 | Stereoscopic culturing and planting method of double cured tobaccos for optimizing tobacco leaf structure and improving tobacco leaf quality |
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