CN105779334B - A kind of bacillus WDGJ11 and its application on raising quality of tobacco - Google Patents

A kind of bacillus WDGJ11 and its application on raising quality of tobacco Download PDF

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CN105779334B
CN105779334B CN201610142040.9A CN201610142040A CN105779334B CN 105779334 B CN105779334 B CN 105779334B CN 201610142040 A CN201610142040 A CN 201610142040A CN 105779334 B CN105779334 B CN 105779334B
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tobacco
bacillus
flue
microbial inoculum
soil
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余秀梅
谢雨歆
陈强
王昌全
李斌
杨军伟
辜运富
赵珂
徐开未
曾庆宾
冯文强
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Panzhihua Corp Of Sichuan Province Tobacco Monopoly Administration
Sichuan Agricultural University
China National Tobacco Corp Sichuan Branch
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Panzhihua Corp Of Sichuan Province Tobacco Monopoly Administration
Sichuan Agricultural University
China National Tobacco Corp Sichuan Branch
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Abstract

The present invention relates to microorganism and tobacco planting field, a kind of bacillus and its application are specifically disclosed.The present invention screens to obtain a kind of bacillus WDGJ11 with efficient ability of dissolving potassium, and deposit number is CGMCC No.12111.The microbial inoculum and bacterial manure being prepared using it can effectively promote plant growth, improve chlorophyll content of plant and reduce plant pest.On this basis, the present invention establish a kind of stabilization, efficiently, method application prospect good promotion Flue-cured tobacco Quality and tobacco-growing soil quality can be improved, the bacillus is applied into plant rhizosphere in a manner of microbial inoculum or bacterial manure to promote the method for tobacco growth, it is unbalanced and have the farmland sysrem of continuous cropping obstacle to be mainly used in tobacco-growing soil, especially soil nutrient.Meanwhile the application of this method can repair flue-cured tobacco root-zone soil balance, mitigate continuous cropping obstacle, adjust soil nutrient balance, have certain effect to the reparation tool of tobacco-growing soil.

Description

A kind of bacillus WDGJ11 and its application on raising quality of tobacco
Technical field
The present invention relates to microorganisms and tobacco planting field, specifically, being related to a kind of bacillus WDGJ11 and utilization It promotes the method for cured tobacco leaf quality.
Background technique
Tobacco is important one of the industrial crops in China, and the Important Economic source of country and local property tax, to locality Economic development play the effect of cannot be neglected.With the improvement of living standards, people increasingly pay attention between smoking and health Contradictory problems, be mainly manifested in and mouthfeel and fragrance not only rested on to the requirement of cigarette, be more concerned about the interior quality of tobacco leaf. However, the relationship between the interior quality of tobacco leaf, the type of appearance luster and fertilizer, fertilising composition is extremely close.
Currently, China's Fertilizer Application of Tobacco mainly all exists based on chemical fertilizer, after these incorporation of fertilizerin the soil, dissolution is fast, applies Fertile kurtosis height, leaching loss, volatilization, soil hardening, the features such as fertilizer is violent, the duration is short, not with Tobacco Absorbing Nutrients rule Unanimously, cause chemical fertilizer utilization efficiency low, environmental pollution is serious, and (Zhang Yong, Yang Qigang, Guo Xiang biological organic fertilizer are on tobacco Application study [J] Agriculture of Anhui science, 2009,37 (34): 16835-16837.).It analyzes according to surveying and determination, China's agricultural production Inorganic fertilizer is used in journey for a long time, and this season chemical fertilizer average utilization only has 30%-35%.Chronic administration inorganic fertilizer, easily causes Vega soil acidification, hardened, fertility decline, soil agreegate destroys, preservation capacity of water and fertility is deteriorated, chemical pollutant residual, causes The serious problems such as biological activity of soil reduces, the ecosystem deteriorates, to constrain cigarette district sustainable development；Meanwhile can also it make The various elements and chemical component of flue-cured tobacco are out of proportion, fragrance is insufficient, quality decline, so that it cannot meet the need of cigarette industry Ask that (Wang Linhong, Liu Guoshun, He Yongqiu wait influence [J] Jiangsu of the Different proportion of fertilizer to flue-cured tobacco chemical quality and aroma substance Agricultural sciences, 2014 (6): 92-95.).In addition, flue-cured tobacco is the crop for avoiding continuous cropping, long-time continuous cropping will lead to pest and disease damage and occur sternly Weight, to influence tobacco leaf growth, physiological characteristic, this is also resulted in, and quality of tobacco is deteriorated, the output value declines.(peak, You Chuihuai, Liu Chaoke, influence [J] the Fujian agriculture for waiting application microbial bacterial agent to change flue-cured tobacco economic characters and its root-zone soil Report, 2014 (12): 1230-1235.).In the actual production process of flue-cured tobacco, tobacco grower have to by apply more chemical fertilizer with It is expected that obtaining high yield, the tobacco leaf of high-quality seriously affects the product of flue-cured tobacco so as to form the vicious circle in cured tobacco production Matter, and then hinder the sustainable development of modern leaf tobacco production.
When facing problem above, various vega soil ameliorative measures are also come into being, such as: applying organic manure and soil change Good dose.For cigarette strain, applying organic manure can not only provide inorganic nutrients, moreover it is possible to organic nutrient is supplied, such as: amino acid, Organic fatty；Simultaneously, moreover it is possible to promote the synthesis of tabacco fragrance substance, improve yield of tobacco and quality.For soil, Neng Gougai The physicochemical property of kind soil, is conducive to the formation of soil agreegate, increases soil permeability, reduces the soil weight；It can also influence Soil microbial activities and bio-diversity, be conducive to agricultural land soil ecology sound development (Du Binghai, Li Yixue, Song Guohan, Equal vega soil Analysis of Flora of Tomato [J] Chinese Tobacco Science, 1996 (2): 30-32.).However, application of organic fertilizers is also deposited In negative effect.15The experiment of N isotope labelling shows: organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer compounding application can be improved microorganism to fertilizer The fixing amount of middle nitrogen, the especially nitrogen in chemical fertilizer, and these nitrogens will gradually be released by microorganism during tobacco growth It releases；Therefore, application of organic fertilizers be easy to cause tobacco growing later period soil nutrient superfluous, this is also to the formation of quality of tobacco Very unfavorable (X.Y.X I, C.J.L I, Zhang F S.Nitrogen supply after removing the shoot apex increases the nicotine concentration and nitrogen content of tobacco plants.[J].Annals of Botany,2005,96(5):793-7.).For the cigarette of Mixed application of organic and inorganic fertilizers Field, soil conditioner can dramatically increase the micro organism quantity in upper layer of soil；However, for the tobacco field that chemical fertilizer is used for a long time, soil The structure and physicochemical property of earth itself by serious destruction, can reduce the micro- life of soil using soil conditioner merely instead Object quantity, this is unprofitable to the improvement and recovery of soil ecosystem.
Microbial-bacterial fertilizer can not only dissolve the nutrient being difficult to be utilized in soil as a kind of emerging fertilizer, improve soil The utilization rate of earth nutrient, while with preventive and therapeutic effect, (Jiang Yan, Wang Hao, Wang Shaodong wait microbial-bacterial fertilizer in agriculture to plant disease Application potential [J] soybean science and technology in industry production, 2010 (05): 25-27.).Microorganism own metabolism in bacterial manure changes Being effective of form of certain elements in soil promotes plant growth and the nutrient in environment is enable to give full play to (Li Lan Jade, Li Bingliang, application study [J] modern agriculture science and technology of the Yu Dongcan Soluble phosphorus silicate-dissolving microbe bacterial manure on flue-cured tobacco, 2013 (14):223-224.)。
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria is a kind of free living in soil or the one kind grown nonparasitically upon another plant in plant rhizosphere, and to can promote plant raw Length, controlling disease, the beneficial mushroom for increasing crop yield.Generally there is fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, Potassium release, generate plant hormone and secretion The abilities such as antibiotic (Liu Shucong, Feng's Xin, the progress and its environmental activity [J] Hubei agriculture of Yu Jie plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria Industry science, 2009,48 (11): 2882-2887.).Therefore, inoculated plant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can make invalid nutrition in soil effective Change, prevention and control corps diseases, reduce the use of pesticide and chemical fertilizer, are a kind of environmental-friendly, economical and effective raising crops The method of yield.
Tobacco is one of happiness potassium class crop, and potassium content of tobacco leaf height can not only improve flammability, reduce tar yield, may be used also It improves fragrance content, improve tobacco leaf flavor and taste and safety, have desirable influence to tobacco leaf appearance and interior quality.Potassium is still (Luo Huayuan, Wang Shaokun, Changshou is flourish, waits flue-cured tobacco potassium content and soil pH, organic matter and speed for the activator of a variety of enzymes in cigarette strain body Imitate relationship [J] Chinese Tobacco Science of potassium content, 2010,31 (3): 29-32.), make with the intracorporal photosynthesis of cigarette strain, breathing With and metabolic process have close relationship (Jiang Li, influence [J] Anhui of the flourish milling difference nitrogen potassium level to Photosynthesis of Flue-cured Tobacco Agriculture university's journal, 2000,27 (4): 328-331.).Therefore, potassium content height is acknowledged as one of index of sound tobacco. Investigation display, Panzhihua City tobacco-growing soil quick-acting potassium content is 15.0~950.0mg/kg, average out to 175.2mg/kg, wherein containing Severe potassium deficiency soil of the amount lower than 120mg/kg accounts for 40.00%, and content is that the potassium deficient soil of 120~160mg/kg accounts for 16.27%, Content is that the moderate soil of available potassium of 160~200mg/kg only accounts for 10.53%, and available potassium soil abundant only has 33.20%.By This is not as it can be seen that Panzhihua smoke hallway quick-acting potassium content is high, and 50% or more tobacco-growing soil lacks available potassium.Crop field of the invention Test is arranged in Panzhihua Renhe District level land cigarette district, and the smoke hallway quick-acting potassium content is minimum, and potassium deficiency is serious, and tobacco-growing soil is average Potassium content is 139.6mg/kg, and potassium deficient soil accounts for 73.99%, and (Zeng Qingbin, Yuan Jiafu, Peng Chenglin wait Panzhihua City tobacco-growing soil Nutrients analysis [J] hubei agricultural science, 2012,51 (2): 243-246.).Meanwhile in this ecological region planting flue-cured tobacco, due to The mineral that such as feldspar, mica plant cannot be absorbed and utilized are contained in the region, cause the quality of flue-cured tobacco by a degree of shadow It rings.Therefore, a kind of silicate-dissolving microbe is needed, mineral potassium is dissolved and generates water-soluble potassium and is utilized by Tobacco Absorbing, is flue-cured tobacco Nutrient is provided, tobacco growth is promoted, improves quality of tobacco.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems in the existing technology, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of buds with high ability of dissolving potassium Spore bacillus and the method for promoting Flue-cured tobacco Quality using it.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, technical scheme is as follows:
In a first aspect, it is identified as bacillus Pseudomonas (Bacillus sp.) the present invention provides a kind of bacillus, Number WDGJ11 is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center (abbreviation CGMCC, address: north The institute 3 of the Chaoyang District Jing Shi North Star West Road 1, Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica, postcode: 100101), the deposit date is On January 27th, 2016, deposit number are CGMCC No.12111.
The strain isolation can plant potassium-bearing mineral such as feldspar, mica etc. from Sichuan Province's Panzhihua Trace Elements in Rhizosphere Soil of Flue-Cured Tobacco The mineral potassium dissolution that object cannot be absorbed and utilized generates water-soluble potassium and is utilized by Tobacco Absorbing, provides nutrient for flue-cured tobacco, Promote tobacco growth, improves quality of tobacco.
The bacillus WDGJ11 strains expressed goes out stronger potassium decomposing effect, passes through solid screening and culturing medium (glucose 10g、NaHPO4 0.2g、MgSO4·7H2O 0.2g、NaCl 0.2g、CaSO4·2H2O 0.2g、CaCO35g, agar 15g, potassium Feldspar powder (150 mesh) 2.5g, deionized water 1000mL, pH 7.2) primary dcreening operation experiment and fluid nutrient medium shake training it is demonstrated experimentally that Its potassium decomposing rate is up to 98.48%.
And other conventional bacillus are in the case where training is shaken in the primary dcreening operation experiment of above-mentioned solid screening and culturing medium and fluid nutrient medium, 93% all do not have potassium decomposing function, with its potassium decomposing rate of a small amount of bacillus of potassium decomposing function generally only 30~50% model It encloses.
Second aspect, the present invention provides a kind of microbial inoculum or bacterial manure, the microbial inoculum or bacterial manure include aforementioned bacillus or It is prepared by aforementioned bacillus.
The microbial inoculum can be prepared by conventional method in that art.
Optionally, the bacillus is inoculated into beef extract-peptone fluid nutrient medium, under the conditions of 28 DEG C, is guaranteed Sufficient oxygen, after shaking training 1~2 day to obtain the final product, microorganism concn is about 109Bacterium cell/mL.Wherein, the beef extract albumen Peptone fluid nutrient medium specifically: beef extract 3gL-1, peptone 10gL-1, NaCl 5gL-1, pH 7.0~7.2.
The third aspect, the present invention provides aforementioned bacillus or aforementioned microbial inoculum or bacterial manure to promote plant growth, improve Application in terms of chlorophyll content of plant and reduction plant pest.
Further, the promotion plant growth show as plant plant height increase, blade increases, blade area increases, stem Enclose increase, biomass increases or plant pitch reduces.
Preferably, the plant is flue-cured tobacco.In a specific embodiment of the invention, it selects for Yun yan85, is planting Strain rhizosphere imposes microbial inoculum of the present invention, it is found that it can promote tobacco growth, reduce pest and disease damage, significantly improve tobacco leaf Quality and economic value.It should be noted that the application of bacillus of the present invention is not limited to Yun yan85.
Fourth aspect, the present invention provides a kind of methods for promoting cured tobacco leaf quality, specially dilute aforementioned microbial inoculum It is used as root water afterwards, Tobacco Seedlings root system, application concentration 10 are imposed in a manner of pouring root9~1010Bacterium cell/plant.Root water Refer to the first time water poured after planting.
Preferably, the microbial inoculum prepared according to preceding method is diluted 100~500 times, pouring root is carried out as root water.
Further, in the front/rear aforementioned bacterial manure of application of tobacco planting, it equally can achieve the mesh for improving cured tobacco leaf quality 's.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention screens to obtain a kind of microorganism with efficient ability of dissolving potassium, the microbial inoculum and bacterial manure being prepared using it It can effectively promote plant growth, improve chlorophyll content of plant and reduce plant pest.On this basis, the present invention is built Stood a kind of stabilization, efficiently, method application prospect good promotions Flue-cured tobacco Quality and tobacco-growing soil quality can be improved, i.e., will described in Bacillus applies plant rhizosphere in a manner of microbial inoculum or bacterial manure to promote the method for tobacco growth, is mainly used in plant crude opium The migration of earth, especially soil element and eluviation are stronger, and potassium loss amount is larger, for example, purple soil, red soil, yellow earth, heavy The soil types of the potassium deficiencies such as product soil；Or long-term unreasonable fertilising causes potassium deficient, nutrient is unbalanced, to restrict crop The farmland sysrem that yield and quality improves；And or there is the farmland sysrem of continuous cropping obstacle.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.It will be appreciated that following real Providing merely to play the purpose of explanation for example is applied, is not used to limit the scope of the present invention.The skill of this field Art personnel without departing from the spirit and purpose of the present invention, can carry out various modifications and replace to the present invention.
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples is commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Microbial inoculum of the embodiment 1 containing bacillus WDGJ11
By isolated strain in Panzhihua Trace Elements in Rhizosphere Soil of Flue-Cured Tobacco, find it with stronger potassium decomposing effect.By the bacterium It is inoculated into the rhizosphere of cured tobacco seedling, the mineral state that the flue-cured tobaccos such as potassium-bearing mineral in soil such as feldspar, mica can cannot be absorbed and utilized Potassium, which decomposes, generates water-soluble potassium, to be utilized by Tobacco Absorbing, promotes tobacco growth, promotes Flue-cured tobacco Quality.
The strain is identified as bacillus (Bacillus sp.), and number WDGJ11 is preserved in China Microbiological bacterium Kind preservation administration committee common micro-organisms center (abbreviation CGMCC, address: Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City 3, in Institute of microbiology, the academy of sciences, state, postcode: 100101), the deposit date is on January 27th, 2016, deposit number CGMCC No.12111。
The strain is inoculated into beef extract-peptone fluid nutrient medium (beef extract 3gL-1, peptone 10gL-1,NaCl 5g·L-1, pH 7.0-7.2) and under the conditions of 28 DEG C, guarantee sufficient oxygen, is obtained after shaking training 1-2 days.Its microorganism concn is about It is 109Bacterium cell/mL.
Indoor test effect of 2 microorganism of embodiment to flue-cured tobacco growth-promoting
Microbial inoculum described in embodiment 1 is diluted 500 times.
Carry out indoor pot experiment for nature agro-farming soil as soil matrix, first by nature agro-farming soil and flue-cured tobacco organic fertilizer, Compound fertilizer is fitted into after mixing in plastics basin, by the uniform Tobacco Seedlings transplanting of growing way in the basin that soil is housed In, it is poured onto around the Tobacco Seedlings root system of transplanting after being diluted with bacillus (Bacillus pumilus) WDGJ11 microbial inoculum, Make microorganism concn 109~1010Bacterium cell/plant, and not apply microbial inoculum as control (CK), each processing is in triplicate； Base fertilizer, top dressing and the watering entirely handled is all managed by tobacco planting conventional measure.After 60 days, measurement potting flue-cured tobacco Economical character and chlorophyll content；After 90 days, the biomass (table 1) of flue-cured tobacco is measured.
1 potting Yun yan85 economical character of table, chlorophyll content and biomass
After tobacco seedlings are transplanted 60 days, shown by the comparative analysis of economical character: applying the agronomy of bacillus WDGJ11 Shape is excellent compared with negative control (CK), especially shows the number of blade, stem girth, on leaf-area coefficient, improves respectively compared with control 4.8%, 4.1% and 15.9%；The chlorophyll content of tobacco leaf increases 28.6%.After tobacco seedlings are transplanted 90 days, flue-cured tobacco enters substantially Maturity period, dry-matter accumulation amount also basically reach maximum value.From the point of view of biomass, the flue-cured tobacco biomass of WDGJ-11 microbial inoculum compared with Control (CK) increases 32.02%.
The outdoor test effect of 3 microorganism of embodiment promotion Flue-cured tobacco Quality
The outdoor measure of merit that microorganism promotes Flue-cured tobacco Quality is carried out in Panzhihua level land cigarette district；And with Yun yan85 for for examination Kind, but do not limit applied to this kind or such plant.
Microbial inoculum containing bacillus WDGJ11 prepared by example 1, experiment will apply microbial inoculum and dilute 200 times as root water Pouring root (5 × 109Bacterium cell/cigarette strain) as processing TB, to apply the conventional organic fertilizer without bacillus WDGJ11 as control CK, each processing is in triplicate and random district's groups arrange, 40 plants of tobacco seedlings of each cell, designs 1 row isolation strip between cell, tests Edge designs two row in field is as protection row.The base manure (50kg/ mus, compound fertilizer 50kg/ mus of wormcast organic fertilizer) entirely tested chases after The management of the farming such as fertilizer, watering, weeding is all carried out by tobacco planting conventional measure.
Respectively investigation move group a phase, the prosperous growth phase, maturity period flue-cured tobacco economical character (plant height, pitch, leaf blade size, blade Number, leaf-area coefficient, blade gloss, leaf color, blade uniformity, growing way)；After flue-cured tobacco is mature, recorded respectively after collecting tobacco flue-curing The economic characters such as the yield and output value of a processing, and measure the chemical quality of baking tobacco leaves；Flue-cured tobacco Rhizosphere sampling is acquired to microorganism Amount carbon nitrogen, nutrient, organic matter etc. are measured.Each index of different disposal is comprehensively compared, analysis obtains microbial inoculum or bacterium The field growth-promoting effect of fertilizer and its effect to Flue-cured tobacco Quality and tobacco-growing soil quality is promoted.
Data survey and analysis result is as follows:
Group's phase applies microbial inoculum processing and embodies obvious facilitation to the plant height and maximum leaf area size of flue-cured tobacco；And Significant difference is not present in the economical characters such as the number of blade；All processing flue-cured tobaccos are not fallen ill.Microbial inoculum promotees the plant height and blade of flue-cured tobacco Fruit of coming into force is preferable, and plant height relatively control CK promotes 27%, and leaf area improves 8%.
2 phase flue-cured tobacco economical characters of table
3 prosperous growth phase of table flue-cured tobacco economical character
The prosperous growth phase handles TB compared with the control CK for not applying microbial inoculum, shows to the green plant height of flue-cured tobacco, the number of blade, blade face The economical characters such as coefficient, pitch, stem girth have apparent facilitation, be respectively increased 15%, 6%, 21%, 7%, 13%；Also rate reduces 14% for balck shank and black rot morbidity.
In the maturity period, the economical character of flue-cured tobacco and the tobacco leaf economical character of prosperous growth phase are consistent, processing TB and pair for not applying microbial inoculum It is compared according to CK, still shows have apparent facilitation to economical characters such as flue-cured tobacco plant height, pitch, stem girth, leaf-area coefficients, It has been respectively increased 7%, 2%, 8%, 37%；And other processing have on blade gloss, leaf color and uniformity it is a degree of It is promoted；The processing flue-cured tobacco for applying microbial inoculum all shows preferable growing way in entire growth period.
4 maturity period of table flue-cured tobacco economical character
It can be seen that from different growing stages economical character survey data and apply microbial inoculum processing and apply bacterial manure processing all to flue-cured tobacco The economical characters such as plant height, the number of blade, blade face coefficient, pitch, stem girth, leaf color, uniformity have different degrees of influence, and enough promotions The growth of flue-cured tobacco enhances flue-cured tobacco disease resistance.The result shows that: the microbial inoculum of the WDGJ11 containing bacillus is affixed by flue-cured tobacco plant height, leaf Most of economical characters such as piece size, the number of blade, stem girth all show obvious growth-promoting functions, and it is disease-resistant to can be improved flue-cured tobacco Property, show stronger growth-promoting disease resistance.
After flue-cured tobacco comes to the ripening period, Mature Tobacco Leaves are collected according to the mature condition of tobacco leaf in batches from the bottom up, and in time It is toasted；It finishes to tobacco flue-curing, is classified according to national grade scale, each grade tobacco leaf of different disposal is carried out Weighing note produces；Output value assessment (table 5) is carried out according to Panzhihua purchasing price of leaf tobacco in 2015, and analyzes different disposal to flue-cured tobacco The influence (table 6) of grade and death rate of the onset.
Influence of 5 microbial-bacterial fertilizer of table to yield of tobacco, the output value
From yield (table 5), compared with compareing CK, the total output for handling TB increases by 0.19%.Although total output increases Seldom, but from the point of view of the output value, the output value for applying microbial inoculum processing TB is apparently higher than control CK, and the output value increases by 26.56%.Therefore, it applies Although little to yield effect with bacillus WDGJ11 microbial inoculum, the quality of tobacco leaf can be improved, to increase the production of flue-cured tobacco Value, increases economic efficiency.
From tobacco leaf degree ratio (table 6), handles and wait tobacco leaves ratio to be above control CK on TB, first-class tobacco leaf ratio Increase by 43.2%；Compared with compareing CK, the medium tobacco leaf ratio for handling TB relatively improves 26.8%；From entire better-than-average tobacco leaf ratio Example is analyzed, and the first-class tobacco leaf ratio relatively control CK for handling TB improves 33.7%.Therefore, microbial inoculum processing is applied to the grade of tobacco leaf It all has a certain impact, the microbial inoculum for being affixed by the WDGJ11 containing bacillus can be improved the ratio of better-than-average tobacco leaf, this is also to apply bacterium Agent handle flue-cured tobacco yield do not increase and the output value increase the reason of, also side light bacillus WDGJ11 is able to ascend tobacco leaf product Matter.
6 microbial inoculum of table and bacterial manure handle the influence to tobacco leaf degree and death rate of the onset
Flue-cured tobacco can be by different degrees of disease in entire growth course, and most serious will lead to flue-cured tobacco death, and add The flue-cured tobacco death rate of the onset relatively control CK for applying microbial inoculum processing TB is mitigated, and shows that flue-cured tobacco can be improved in bacillus WDGJ11 Disease resistance reduces flue-cured tobacco morbidity and mortality.
According to the maturity of tobacco leaf, different times harvest tobacco leaf is divided to be toasted from the bottom up, then extract upper tangerine 2, in Tangerine 3,2 three grades of lower tangerine tobacco leaf as upper, middle and lower portion represent tobacco leaf carry out chemical quality analysis (table 7), test index master There are total reducing sugar, total nitrogen, nicotine, reduced sugar, potassium, chlorinity.
7 tobacco leaf chemical quality of table
(1) total nitrogen
The total nitrogen content range of tobacco leaf is 1.5%-3.5%, optimum content 2.5%；Tobacco leaf total nitrogen content is low jealous flat It is light；Total nitrogen content height then generates strong pungent flue gas, and irritation is larger.The total nitrogen content all handled entirely tested is not Reach optimum content 2.5%, but all in content normal range (NR), and difference is little.Nitrogen base ratio≤1 of sound tobacco handles TB Upper, middle and lower portion tobacco leaf nitrogen base ratio nearly all≤1, all within the scope of sound tobacco nitrogen base ratio；And it compares in CK, lower part Tobacco leaf nitrogen base ratio > 1, this shows that the nitrogen base ratio of flue-cured tobacco can be improved by being affixed by bacillus WDGJ11 microbial inoculum, promote quality of tobacco.
(2) potassium
Potassium is the most nutrient of Tobacco Absorbing amount, is improving photosynthetic rate and enhancing plant resistance, is improving tobacco leaf Combustion quality etc. play an important role.However, the potassium content in tobacco leaf in China is lower, 2% is rarely exceeded, generally with potassium/chlorine Ratio as evaluation criterion.The potassium content of tobacco leaf of processing TB shows as inferior leads > middle leaf > top in the distribution of various position leaves Leaf, and the potassium content of upper, middle and lower portion tobacco leaf relatively control CK has been respectively increased 12.7%, 3.7% and 28.8%.Due to potassium chlorine ratio More large-scale combustion is better, therefore to improve the content of potassium on the basis of controlling chlorinity.Handle the upper, middle and lower portion tobacco leaf of TB Potassium chlorine ratio relatively control CK also increase, especially in, lower tobacco leaf improve about 1 times.Although handling the potassium chlorine ratio of TB Value is lower than the standard potassium chlorine ratio (>=4) of high-quality tobacco, but compared with applying conventional base fertilizer, and processing TB is obviously mentioned on potassium chlorine ratio The high quality of flue-cured tobacco.
(3) chlorine
Chlorine is the essential nutrient element of tobacco growth, and a small amount of chlorine can promote tobacco growth, is also had to quality of tobacco certain Positive effect；But flue-cured tobacco is fear-chlorion crop again, very sensitive to chlorine, and normally range containing chlorine should be 0.3%- in tobacco leaf 0.8%, tobacco leaf content is excessively high too low all to have adverse effect to quality of tobacco.The most of smoke hallway chloride ion contents in China are not It is low, and tobacco leaf has easy absorption and accumulation chloride ion, influences the growth and quality of tobacco leaf, especially excessively high chlorinity will affect roasting Hygroscopicity, the flammability of cigarette.Handle in TB, the chlorinity of lower tobacco leaf it is low compared with the rate content of control CK tobacco leaf, and handle TB Middle part tobacco leaf chlorinity normally containing within the scope of chlorine, and the tobacco leaf at other positions is not in the normal range, this may with work as The soil chloride ion content height on ground is related.Simultaneously, it can be seen that base fertilizer application bacillus WDGJ11 microbial inoculum can effectively make The chlorinity of middle part and lower tobacco leaf reduces by 54.5% and 30.1% respectively, and the chlorinity of middle part tobacco leaf is reduced to High Quality Tobacco In leaf chlorine content ranges, to improve quality of tobacco.
(4) nicotine
Flue-cured tobacco nicotine content range is 1.5%-3.5%；Less than 1%, strength is insufficient；It is too strong greater than 3.5% strength；It is most suitable It is 2% or so.The nicotine content of processing TB tobacco leaf increases compared with control, and the nicotine content of upper tobacco leaf is 2.08.Wherein, The nicotine content of the upper tobacco leaf of TB and control CK is handled nearly all 2% or so, the nicotine for handling the upper and lower part tobacco leaf of TB contains Amount reaches the nicotine of sound tobacco containing chlorine close to 2%.And the nicotine content for compareing CK is all relatively low, in, the nicotine of lower tobacco leaf contains Amount is also not in the normal range.15.5% He has been respectively increased in the nicotine content relatively control CK for handling the middle and lower part tobacco leaf of TB 32.6%.Therefore, the nicotine content of tobacco leaf can be improved in application bacillus WDGJ11 microbial inoculum, improves quality of tobacco.
(5) reduced sugar
The content of sugar is to influence smoke alcohol and degree and jealous principal element, and the content of reducing sugar range of sound tobacco is 16%-20%；Thorn is caused to be choked containing sugared low energy；Sugar content is high jealous flat.The processing TB of this experiment and the reduction for compareing CK tobacco leaf Sugared content is above most just when 15%, substantially all in the maximum value of optimum range 25% or so, but is affixed by microbial inoculum processing TB flue-cured tobacco Lower tobacco leaf content of reducing sugar relatively control reduce by 13.4%.Due to do not apply microbial inoculum control CK flue-cured tobacco content of reducing sugar be all 26% or so, may be related with flue-cured tobacco cultivars so sugared content is higher, this universal higher feelings with Panzhihua cigarette district content of reducing sugar Condition Xiang Fuhe.
(6) total reducing sugar
Since the ratio of Water-soluble Total Sugar and total nitrogen compound will affect the jealous of tobacco leaf, put down to reach the soda acid of flue gas Weighing apparatus, the total reducing sugar and alkali nitrogen ratio range 8-12 of high-quality tobacco.Handle TB and compare the sugared alkali ratio of CK tobacco leaf 20 or so, this with climb The relatively high situation of the generally existing Characteristic of Total Sugar of Flue-cured Tobacco of branch flower cigarette district meets.Wherein, compared with compareing CK, handle TB's The sugared alkali ratio of upper, middle and lower portion tobacco leaf reduces 15.2%, 12.5% and 30.5% respectively, this illustrates that microbial bacterial agent can have Effect ground reduces candy alkali ratio, promotes quality of tobacco.
Comprehensive analysis processing TB shows that bacillus WDGJ11 microbial inoculum has flue-cured tobacco with each testing index for compareing CK Field growth-promoting, and play the role of to promotion Flue-cured tobacco Quality positive.
The above results show: being applied in such a way that microbial inoculum dilutes pouring root with bacillus (Bacillus pumilus) WDGJ11 Entering around flue-cured tobacco root system is that one kind is efficient, stablize and application prospect is fine in a manner of promoting tobacco growth and improve quality of tobacco Biotechnology, this method is not limited to Yun yan85, can be widely applied to the different cultivars or other plant of each cigarette district.Together When, the application of this method can repair flue-cured tobacco root-zone soil balance, mitigate continuous cropping obstacle, soil nutrient balance be adjusted, to plant cigarette The reparation tool of soil has certain effect.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause This, these modifications or improvements, fall within the scope of the claimed invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of bacillus (Bacillus sp.) WDGJ11, which is characterized in that its deposit number is CGMCC No.12111.
2. a kind of microbial inoculum, which is characterized in that it includes bacillus described in claim 1.
3. microbial inoculum according to claim 2, which is characterized in that preparation method are as follows: the bacillus is inoculated into ox In meat extract peptone fluid nutrient medium, under the conditions of 28 DEG C, guarantee sufficient oxygen, after shaking table culture 1~2 day to obtain the final product；It is described The formula of beef extract-peptone fluid nutrient medium specifically: beef extract 3gL-1, peptone 10gL-1, NaCl 5gL-1, pH 7.0~7.2.
4. bacillus described in claim 1, microbial inoculum described in claim 2 or 3 are promoting the application in tobacco growth.
5. application according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the promotion tobacco growth show as plant plant height increase, Blade increases, blade area increases, stem girth increases, biomass increases or plant pitch reduces.
6. bacillus described in claim 1, microbial inoculum described in claim 2 or 3 are in terms of improving Content of Chlorophyll in Flue-cured Tobacco Application.
7. bacillus described in claim 1, microbial inoculum described in claim 2 or 3 answering in terms of reducing flue-cured tobacco pest and disease damage With.
8. a kind of method for promoting cured tobacco leaf quality, which is characterized in that will make after microbial inoculum described in claim 2 or 3 dilution For root water, Tobacco Seedlings root system, application concentration 10 are imposed in a manner of pouring root9~1010Bacterium cell/plant.
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