CN108642891A - 一种超纤皮的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种超纤皮的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108642891A
CN108642891A CN201810364757.7A CN201810364757A CN108642891A CN 108642891 A CN108642891 A CN 108642891A CN 201810364757 A CN201810364757 A CN 201810364757A CN 108642891 A CN108642891 A CN 108642891A
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裘诚晨
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Haining Jo Shi Clothing Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种超纤皮的制备方法，生产线依次为海岛短纤维→制成高密水刺无纺布→烫平收缩→湿法含浸PU树脂→甲苯减量抽出→烘干拉幅→上油柔软→揉皮→干法PU贴面→功能处理→超纤皮革；本发明处理方法简单，不仅生产工艺环保，不含铬等有害物质，而且原材料为石油产品，环保无毒，且可以回收再利用，利用本发明，所制得的超纤皮厚度均匀、吸湿性和透气性、耐霉菌性、耐碱性、耐老化性、防水性都非常好。

Description

一种超纤皮的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及皮革的制备方法，尤其涉及超纤皮的制备方法。
背景技术
众所周知，天然皮革以其优良的天然特性被人们广泛应用于日用品和工业品的生产当中。但随着世界人口的增长，人类对皮革的需求倍增，数量有限的天然皮革早已不能满足人们的需求。
超纤皮，全称聚氨酯超细纤维合成皮革，是一种新研制开发的高仿真皮革，是以含PU(聚氨酯)的海岛超纤等为底基、以聚氨酯树脂为涂层的皮革。海岛纤维是将一种聚合物(如PA6)分散于另一种聚合物(如PE)中，在纤维截面中分散相呈“岛”状态，而母体则相当于“海”，即一种成分以微细而分散的状态被另一种成分包围着，好像海中有许多岛屿，这种结构使材料的透气性能得到改善，克服了普通人造革不透气的缺点；另外材料的韧性和耐磨性得到进一步加强；超纤皮与天然皮革的结构对比，超纤皮表面层是与天然皮革粒面层结构相近的聚氨酯层，底基层是超细纤维无纺布，其结构和天然皮革的网状层极其相似，因而超纤皮与天然皮革有极其相似的结构与性能。从外观看,超纤皮的皮纹与天然皮革十分类似，手感柔软，无论从视觉还是从触感都很难分辨是天然皮革还是超纤皮。天然皮革不仅价格昂贵而且资源有限、不利环保，也破坏生态平衡，因此急需替代品的出现。超纤皮是具有极高真皮感的环保新材料。
发明内容
基于上述问题，本发明公开一种超纤皮的制备方法，所制得的超纤皮和天然皮革纤维细度相当，并且二者结构类似，同时都有很好的透气性，同时制备方法简单；本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种超纤皮的制备方法，生产线依次为海岛短纤维→制成高密水刺无纺布→烫平收缩→湿法含浸PU树脂→甲苯减量抽出→烘干拉幅→上油柔软→揉皮→干法PU贴面→功能处理→超纤皮革；
海岛短纤维：选用尼龙切片和聚乙烯切片，通过共混纺丝制成海岛短纤维；
制成高密水刺无纺布：将海岛短纤维经过喂入、开松、梳理、铺网，形成一定厚度的纤维层，再利用水刺法使纤维相互缠结，制成具有一定厚度和相应密度的三维结构基布；
烫平收缩：恒温水浴收缩，温度为75℃；
湿法含浸PU树脂：将上述三维结构基布浸渍在一定浓度的聚氨酯树脂中，以压轧方式使浸渍液充分且均匀地分布到基布的间隙中；
甲苯减量抽出：将上述坯布浸渍在甲苯溶液中，在规定温度下反复浸渍、压辊一定时间，得到束状超细纤维；
干法PU贴面：通过刮涂的方法将一定量的聚氨酯树脂涂覆于离型纸上，待溶剂挥发后形成聚氨酯薄膜，然后将聚氨酯薄膜转移复合到超纤皮表面。
聚氨酯树脂，制备方法如下：依次将溶剂、多元醇及低分子二元醇加入到反应釜中，充分搅拌，控制釜温在45℃，再加入MT，升温至80℃，恒温反应2小时，加入扩链剂和溶剂，搅拌均匀，加入MT，保持温度在90℃，2小时后，加入甲醇和DMF，终止反应，再加入苹果酸和DMF，即得聚氨酯树脂。
制成高密水刺无纺布，形成纤维层的厚度为5-6mm。
干法PU贴面，将聚氨酯树脂配成浓度为20％，在离型纸上刮涂成膜，在127℃烘箱内烘干后自然冷却，再放置48小时。
本发明处理方法简单，不仅生产工艺环保，不含铬等有害物质，而且原材料为石油产品，环保无毒，且可以回收再利用，本发明首先用聚氨酯树脂浸渍，再利用聚氨酯树脂制膜贴面；利用本发明，所制得的超纤皮厚度均匀、吸湿性和透气性、耐霉菌性、耐碱性、耐老化性、防水性都非常好，功能处理按照不同的产品用途和用户要求，对超纤皮进行“三防”(防水、防油、防污)、抗菌、阻燃、防紫外线等多种后处理，获得符合要求的多种功能。
具体实施方式
以下详细描述本发明的技术方案。本发明实施例仅供说明具体结构，该结构的规模不受实施例的限制。
一种超纤皮的制备方法，生产线依次为海岛短纤维→制成高密水刺无纺布→烫平收缩→湿法含浸PU树脂→甲苯减量抽出→烘干拉幅→上油柔软→揉皮→干法PU贴面→功能处理→超纤皮革；
海岛短纤维：选用尼龙切片和聚乙烯切片，通过共混纺丝制成海岛短纤维；
制成高密水刺无纺布：将海岛短纤维经过喂入、开松、梳理、铺网，形成一定厚度的纤维层，再利用水刺法使纤维相互缠结，制成具有一定厚度和相应密度的三维结构基布；
烫平收缩：恒温水浴收缩，温度为75℃；
湿法含浸PU树脂：将上述三维结构基布浸渍在一定浓度的聚氨酯树脂中，以压轧方式使浸渍液充分且均匀地分布到基布的间隙中；
甲苯减量抽出：将上述坯布浸渍在甲苯溶液中，在规定温度下反复浸渍、压辊一定时间，得到束状超细纤维；
干法PU贴面：通过刮涂的方法将一定量的聚氨酯树脂涂覆于离型纸上，待溶剂挥发后形成聚氨酯薄膜，然后将聚氨酯薄膜转移复合到超纤皮表面。
聚氨酯树脂，制备方法如下：依次将溶剂、多元醇及低分子二元醇加入到反应釜中，充分搅拌，控制釜温在45℃，再加入MT，升温至80℃，恒温反应2小时，加入扩链剂和溶剂，搅拌均匀，加入MT，保持温度在90℃，2小时后，加入甲醇和DMF，终止反应，再加入苹果酸和DMF，即得聚氨酯树脂。
制成高密水刺无纺布，形成纤维层的厚度为5-6mm。
干法PU贴面，将聚氨酯树脂配成浓度为20％，在离型纸上刮涂成膜，在127℃烘箱内烘干后自然冷却，再放置48小时。

Claims (4)

1.一种超纤皮的制备方法，其特征在于：生产线依次为海岛短纤维→制成高密水刺无纺布→烫平收缩→湿法含浸PU树脂→甲苯减量抽出→烘干拉幅→上油柔软→揉皮→干法PU贴面→功能处理→超纤皮革；
海岛短纤维：选用尼龙切片和聚乙烯切片，通过共混纺丝制成海岛短纤维；
制成高密水刺无纺布：将海岛短纤维经过喂入、开松、梳理、铺网，形成一定厚度的纤维层，再利用水刺法使纤维相互缠结，制成具有一定厚度和相应密度的三维结构基布；
烫平收缩：恒温水浴收缩，温度为75℃；
湿法含浸PU树脂：将上述三维结构基布浸渍在一定浓度的聚氨酯树脂中，以压轧方式使浸渍液充分且均匀地分布到基布的间隙中；
甲苯减量抽出：将上述坯布浸渍在甲苯溶液中，在规定温度下反复浸渍、压辊一定时间，得到束状超细纤维；
干法PU贴面：通过刮涂的方法将一定量的聚氨酯树脂涂覆于离型纸上，待溶剂挥发后形成聚氨酯薄膜，然后将聚氨酯薄膜转移复合到超纤皮表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种超纤皮的制备方法，其特征在于所述的聚氨酯树脂，制备方法如下：依次将溶剂、多元醇及低分子二元醇加入到反应釜中，充分搅拌，控制釜温在45℃，再加入MT，升温至80℃，恒温反应2小时，加入扩链剂和溶剂，搅拌均匀，加入MT，保持温度在90℃，2小时后，加入甲醇和DMF，终止反应，再加入苹果酸和DMF，即得聚氨酯树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种超纤皮的制备方法，其特征在于所述制成高密水刺无纺布，形成纤维层的厚度为5-6mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种超纤皮的制备方法，其特征在于所述干法PU贴面，将聚氨酯树脂配成浓度为20％，在离型纸上刮涂成膜，在127℃烘箱内烘干后自然冷却，再放置48小时。
CN201810364757.7A 2018-04-23 2018-04-23 一种超纤皮的制备方法 Pending CN108642891A (zh)

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CN109537291A (zh) * 2018-12-11 2019-03-29 无锡双象超纤材料股份有限公司 一种高棉感超纤沙发革贝斯的制备方法
CN111016227A (zh) * 2019-12-05 2020-04-17 福建华阳超纤有限公司 一种移膜超纤革的制备方法

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