CN108636392A - 一种高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000007420 reactivation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 2
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- 244000018633 Prunus armeniaca Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229940036348 bismuth carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- GMZOPRQQINFLPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H dibismuth;tricarbonate Chemical compound [Bi+3].[Bi+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O GMZOPRQQINFLPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonaldehyde Chemical compound C\C=C\C=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N crotonaldehyde Natural products CC=CC=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001108 Charcoal iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSOYJNRFGMJBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.[Mo+4] Chemical compound N.[Mo+4] VSOYJNRFGMJBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BBGINXZYXBFSEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].C#C Chemical compound [Cu].C#C BBGINXZYXBFSEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBJUEJCZPKMDPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O DBJUEJCZPKMDPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JLRJWBUSTKIQQH-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [La+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O JLRJWBUSTKIQQH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/18—Carbon
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- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂制备方法,步骤一;步骤二,酸化处理;步骤三,碱化处理;步骤四,加压隔离空气;步骤五,复合活化;步骤六,负载阶段;步骤七,成品取得;本发明的有益效果:突破原料浸润处理技术,更加利于活化造孔。拓宽活化剂类型的选择性,开辟新的活化路径。拓宽活化条件,活化更加充分。而且,大大提升活性炭催化剂品质。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及活性炭催化剂生产领域,尤其涉及一种高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂制备方法。
背景技术
目前,乙炔法固定床气相合成醋酸乙烯行业VAC采用负载醋酸锌活性炭Zn(AC)2作为催化剂,170-200℃,乙炔/醋酸摩尔比5-8,反应压力0.12-0.14Mpa(绝压),在此条件下发成合成反应,机理如下:
反应为放热反应,H=-118.29KJ/mol,且伴随很多副反应以及苯系物、乙醛、丁烯醛等几十种副产物产生。
选择好优质催化剂,对于提高日产量、延长使用寿命、降低反应器开车成本、减少更换催化剂次数将会有大大促进作用。本发明正是基于现有固定床催化剂易损失活性低、VAC收率低、副产物多的缺点,开发出扩容、除杂、全新复合助剂新工艺,制得活性高、VAC收率可高达2.9g/ml.d的新型固定床催化剂,较好的解决该技术问题,并运用到VAC工业生产中,取得显著经济效益。
公开日为2014年7月23日,公开号为CN103934030A的中国发明专利,涉及一种乙炔法合成醋酸乙烯催化剂生产方法,通过采用用于合成醋酸乙烯的催化剂,由载体和负载于载体上的活性组分组成,所述活性组分为醋酸锌和碱式碳酸铋;催化剂中醋酸锌的含量为90~180g/L,碱式碳酸铋的含量为0.1~0.3g/L;所述催化剂的载体为多孔碳材料,所述多孔碳材料孔径为3~10nm孔的孔容占总孔容的20%~80%,孔径为30~40nm的孔容占总孔容的10%~60%的技术方案。该方法仍为普通催化剂的生产工艺,醋酸锌含量较低,助剂单一为碱式碳酸铋,孔容结构不够富足,反应场所小,对于合成反应的催化转化效率较低,性能一般。
现有催化剂易损失活性低、VAC收率低、副产物多的缺点的问题。长期以来,固定床VAC合成反应过程中,现有醋酸锌催化剂负载程度不均匀,易流失,寿命短、副产物多,导致收率较低,普遍为生产诟病。在载体基炭的选择上,现有催化剂采用基炭均为炭化料经过成型、活化后而来,比表面积在1200㎡/g左右,负载醋酸锌容易发生重叠,不利于乙炔的配位,降低催化活性。基炭中铁、硫、铜等氧化盐类的存在严重干扰和阻碍醋酸锌的活性,且容易产生乙炔铜,存在引起爆炸隐患。现有催化剂对于铁、硫、铜的要求较低,基炭杂质的处理工艺较为落后。合适助剂的加入对于固定床醋酸锌催化剂有显著的促进提高活性作用,降低副产物浓度,反之则降低催化合成速度,降低收率。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是设计一种高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂制备方法,解决现有催化剂易损失活性低、VAC收率低、副产物多的缺点的技术问题。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂制备方法,生产工艺包括以下步骤:
步骤一,基炭取料:选取活性炭原料混合粉碎至6-10目;
步骤二,酸化处理:按照1%~5%的质量分数加入助剂木焦油和酸性溶液浸渍充分,放置2-3小时;
步骤三,碱化处理:后加入碱性溶液混合液搅拌充分;
步骤四,加压隔离空气:在0.5-1Mpa防腐压力容器内隔绝空气处置2-4小时;
步骤五,复合活化:将以上样品处理完毕后,转入高压无氧扩容设备进行活化扩容,在800-1000℃阶段停留1h,再升温至1000-1100℃停留2h,通入适量二氧化碳和氮气混合气体,通入流量为5-20m3/min范围内,内部压力维持在0.3-0.8MPa,设备保持密闭;活性炭生产里,传统的活化剂有磷酸、氯化锌、水蒸气等,活化效果一般化,本方法经过多次试验和验证,最终选定高温水蒸气和二氧化碳混合气体,通入流量为0.5-20m3/min范围内,相比以往活化时间大大缩短,提速60%以上,提高生产效率,得到的产品性能优越。活化完毕即可泄压、连续出料;物理法、化学法活化工艺是活性炭行业几十年来主要生产方法,活化时间长、造孔能力弱,工艺已经显得落后;氢氧化钾活化法工艺操作要求极其苛刻、安全性低、能耗大、设备腐蚀性强;本方法在1100℃以内,采用复合活化法,再经过瞬间泄压扩容,定向实现活化造孔技术,进一步降低了活化难度,可以得到超高比表面积活性炭,安全高效;
步骤六,负载阶段:物料经冷却后先进入质量分数6-12%的醋酸锌以及复合助剂溶液进行搅拌,保温4-9h,直至吸附饱和后取出;
步骤七,成品取得:将取出的物料过滤,在170-240℃条件下气体保护烘干,得到成品催化剂。本方法制备的活性炭比表面积达到2460㎡/g,孔径均匀分布于2.0-3.0nm,孔径结构独特,孔容达到1.96cm3/g,可以定向制备特殊性能活性炭,最适合用于开发催化剂等高端领域。在低浓度醋酸锌溶液及助剂条件下,即可轻易高效达到负载量34%,VAC收率可高达2.9g/ml.d的新型固定床催化剂,且产生的VAC平均浓度高达38%,副产物中,乙醛小于0.2%、丁烯醛小于0.003%,属于国内一流水准。该催化剂使用寿命已达300天,远远高于国内平均240天标准。强度高,平均阻力降为40kpa,单列反应器的产量已达145t/d,属于国内一流水平。
进一步的,所述步骤一中,活性炭原料为椰壳炭化料粉、锯木末、煤炭质粉、石油焦、杏壳或者竹加工碎屑中的2种或3种。
进一步的,所述步骤二,所述酸性溶液为乙酸或者稀盐酸或者硝酸液体重的一种。这几种酸性物质大大提高了含碳材质的中纤维素结构的热解和气化能力,具有强烈的催化作用,经过同等实验对比相比于磷酸浸渍助剂可以提速20%左右。
进一步的,所述步骤三,所述碱性溶液为质量分数2%~6%范围内氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾或氢氧化钡溶液或三者等比例混合。
进一步的,所述步骤五中,出料端设有耐腐蚀缓冲卸料装置。
本发明的有益效果:
1、突破原料浸润处理技术,更加利于活化造孔。
2、拓宽活化剂类型的选择性,开辟新的活化路径。
3、拓宽活化条件,活化更加充分。
4、大大提升活性炭催化剂品质。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步阐明。
图1为本发明高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂制备方法的流程图;
图2为本发明高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂中活性炭比表面积孔径检测报告;
图3为本发明高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂中本催化剂实际运行监测数据表。
具体实施方式
实施例一:
原料选取无烟煤5000g,将无烟煤粉碎至6目,按照1%的质量分数加入助剂乙酸液体浸渍充分,放置2小时,后加入质量分数2%的氢氧化钠比例混合液搅拌充分,在0.5Mpa防腐压力容器内隔绝空气处置2小时。将以上样品处理完毕后,转入高压无氧活化中试设备进行活化。
在500℃阶段停留1h,再升温至800℃停留2h,使用耐腐蚀管通入活化剂为高温水蒸气和二氧化碳等比例混合气体,通入流量为0.5m3/min,内部压力维持在0.3MPa,活化设备保持密闭。
物料经泄压孔径扩容、后先进入质量分数6%的稀盐酸液体进行搅拌漂洗1h,用纯净水体冲洗3次以上,再加入4%质量分数的氢氧化钠溶液搅,升温至50℃,拌漂洗1h,用纯净水体冲洗3次,烘干后得到活性炭成品。
以此为载体,进入质量分数6%的醋酸锌以及复合助剂仲钼酸铵溶液进行搅拌,保温4h,直至吸附饱和后取出,过滤,在170℃条件下氮气气体保护烘干,得到成品催化剂。
实施例二:
原料选取椰壳炭化料4000g,将椰壳炭化料粉碎至10目,按照3%的质量分数加入助剂乙酸、稀盐酸、硝酸等比例混合液体浸渍充分,放置1小时,后加入质量分数4%的氢氧化钠比例混合液搅拌充分,在0.8Mpa防腐压力容器内隔绝空气处置1小时。将以上样品处理完毕后,转入高压无氧活化中试设备进行活化。
在800℃阶段停留1h,再升温至1000℃停留2h,使用耐腐蚀管通入活化剂为高温水蒸气和二氧化碳等比例混合气体,通入流量为2m3/min,内部压力维持在0.8MPa,活化设备保持密闭。
物料经泄压孔径扩容、冷却后先进入质量分数6%的稀盐酸液体进行搅拌漂洗2h,用纯净水体冲洗3次以上,再加入4%质量分数的氢氧化钠溶液搅,升温至50℃,拌漂洗2h,用纯净水体冲洗3次,烘干后得到活性炭成品。
以此为载体,进入质量分数10%的醋酸锌以及复合助剂醋酸镧溶液进行搅拌,保温9h,直至吸附饱和后取出,过滤,在200℃条件下氮气气体保护烘干,得到成品催化剂。
实施例三:
原料选取椰壳炭化料3000g,将椰壳炭化粉碎至10目,按照4%的质量分数加入助剂乙酸、稀盐酸、硝酸等比例混合液体浸渍充分,放置1小时,后加入质量分数3%的氢氧化钠比例混合液搅拌充分,在0.7Mpa防腐压力容器内隔绝空气处置3小时。将以上样品处理完毕后,转入高压无氧活化中试设备进行活化。
在900℃阶段停留1h,再升温至1050℃停留2h,使用耐腐蚀管通入活化剂为高温水蒸气和二氧化碳等比例混合气体,通入流量为1m3/min,内部压力维持在0.7MPa,活化设备保持密闭。
物料经泄压孔径扩容、冷却后先进入质量分数6%的稀盐酸液体进行搅拌漂洗2h,用纯净水体冲洗3次以上,再加入6%质量分数的氢氧化钠溶液搅,升温至50℃,拌漂洗2h,用纯净水体冲洗3次,烘干后得到活性炭成品。
以此为载体,进入质量分数9%的醋酸锌以及复合助剂酸性钡溶液进行搅拌,保温8h,直至吸附饱和后取出,过滤,在240℃条件下氮气气体保护烘干,得到成品催化剂。
本方法所制造的超高比表面积活性炭,经检测比表面积达到2460㎡/g,碘值2200mg/g,孔径均匀分布于2.0-3.0nm,孔径结构独特,孔容达到1.96cm3/g,实现定向制备特殊孔隙结构活性炭;以制备的活性炭为载体,所开发出的固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂VAC收率可高达2.9g/ml.d,使用寿命高达300天,单列反应器产量大于140t/d,产生的VAC平均浓度高达38%,副产物中,乙醛小于0.2%、丁烯醛小于0.003%。
本发明从基炭的选择、制备处理到复合助剂的选择性加入作出开辟、发明,解决了醋酸锌催化剂存在的易损失活性低,寿命短、成品中副产物多等问题,制得活性高、VAC收率可高达2.9g/ml.d的新型固定床催化剂,具有显著经济效益,是固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂发展史的重要进步标志,意义深远。
在以上的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是以上描述仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施,因此本发明不受上面公开的具体实施的限制。同时任何熟悉本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下,都可利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰,或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。
Claims (5)
1.一种高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂制备方法,其特征在于:生产工艺包括以下步骤:
步骤一,基炭取料:选取活性炭原料混合粉碎至6-10目;
步骤二,酸化处理:按照1%~5%的质量分数加入助剂木焦油和酸性溶液浸渍充分,放置2-3小时;
步骤三,碱化处理:后加入碱性溶液混合液搅拌充分;
步骤四,加压隔离空气:在0.5-1Mpa防腐压力容器内隔绝空气处置2-4小时;
步骤五,复合活化:将以上样品处理完毕后,转入高压无氧扩容设备进行活化扩容,在800-1000℃阶段停留1h,再升温至1000-1100℃停留2h,通入适量二氧化碳和氮气混合气体,通入流量为5-20m³/min范围内,内部压力维持在0.3-0.8MPa,设备保持密闭;活化完毕即可泄压、连续出料;
步骤六,负载阶段:物料经冷却后先进入质量分数6-12%的醋酸锌以及复合助剂溶液进行搅拌,保温4-9h,直至吸附饱和后取出;
步骤七,成品取得:将取出的物料过滤,在170-240℃条件下气体保护烘干,得到成品催化剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤一中,活性炭原料为椰壳炭化料粉、锯木末、煤炭质粉、石油焦、杏壳或者竹加工碎屑中的2种或3种自由组合。
3.如权利要求1所述的高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤二,所述酸性溶液为乙酸或者稀盐酸或者硝酸液体重的一种。
4.如权利要求1所述的高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤三,所述碱性溶液为质量分数2%~6%范围内氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾或氢氧化钡溶液或三者等比例混合。
5.如权利要求1所述的高效固定床醋酸乙烯合成反应催化剂制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤五中,出料端设有耐腐蚀缓冲卸料装置。
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