CN108635568A - 一种辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品 - Google Patents
一种辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108635568A CN108635568A CN201810294255.1A CN201810294255A CN108635568A CN 108635568 A CN108635568 A CN 108635568A CN 201810294255 A CN201810294255 A CN 201810294255A CN 108635568 A CN108635568 A CN 108635568A
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- bitter buckwheat
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Abstract
本发明提供的一种辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品,它的原料由红景天多糖、覆盆子苷、洋葱油、蓝莓花青素、蚌肉多糖、桑叶多糖、苦荞蛋白、苦荞黄酮、葛根素、马齿苋多糖、大豆肽、甜菊糖苷、营养强化剂组成,制成辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品食品。本发明辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品,使用实验验证和筛选具有降糖功效的药食同源植物有效成分,并以科学的方法进行配伍和加工,保证原料功能性成分和含量,提高生物活性物质的利用率;增强产品预防血糖升高、降低高血糖、防治并发症发生发展的效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及膳食营养领域,具体地指一种辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品及其制备方法。
背景技术
1.糖尿病是一种常见的内分泌代谢性疾病。其基本病理特点为胰岛素分泌绝对或相对不足,或外周组织对胰岛素不敏感,引起以糖代谢紊乱为主,包括脂肪、蛋白质代谢紊乱的一种全身性疾病。其主要特点为持续的高血糖状态、尿糖阳性和糖耐量减低。糖尿病的主要特征是多饮、多尿、多食及消瘦、疲乏、尿甜,在中医学上应当属于“消渴”的范畴。“消”与“渴”二者均是中医的症候名称,而消渴病之名称,则首见于唐代医师甄立言《古今录验方》。根据病位、病因、病机及临床的症状之不同,口渴引饮为上消;善食易饥为中消;饮一漫一为下消。
研究表明,2型糖尿病是可防可控的,关键是如何在糖尿病发病前期进行有效预防干预,发病期间有效降低血糖,保护并修复受损胰岛β细胞功能,最大限度控制和预防并发症的产生和发展。糖尿病人通过“合理膳食疗法”,即采用“代餐”的方式,可能是依从性最好、疗效稳定的干预方法之一。目前市场上降糖特膳营养食品种类众多,然而大多数产品的降血糖功效未经科学实验验证,且口感不佳。
本发明针对糖尿病的发病特点和糖尿病患者对于“食”的苦恼,以及“食”对糖尿病患者的重要性。在吸纳中医药精髓基础上结合现代医学研究先进理念,用药品研发的理念和系统科学的方法,通过广泛筛选原料功效成分、严格验证功效成分的配伍和功能、合理搭配营养和调配口味,开发一款具有降糖功效的膳食营养食品。目前,市场上销售的降血糖特膳营养粉或降糖产品的种类繁多,但大多特膳营养粉成分配伍未见系统的科学实验验证及相关报道,降糖功效不明确,误导糖尿病患者或消费者的选择与使用。
降糖药物分为西药降糖药和中药降糖药,西药降糖药又大致分为口服降糖药物和注射降糖药物。其中目前在国内常用的口服降糖药物以非胰岛素类药物为主,这类药物分为促胰岛素分泌剂类、双胍类、α~糖苷酶抑制剂类、胰岛素增敏剂类等。注射降糖药物主要有胰岛素及其类似药物等。这类西药降糖药长期服用或注射副作用较大,对肝肾的负担大,常引起恶心、呕吐、厌食、食欲减退等不良症状。
中药降糖药是根据我国传统医药方剂而来,也有从中药、天然药物提取的有效部位制成的。但是,这类药物需要根据不同的症状和体质来用药,使用范围较小,无法满足糖尿病患者代餐的作用。2.葛根素能使四氧嘧啶性高血糖小鼠血糖明显下降,血清胆固醇含量减少,当选用最低有效剂量的葛根素与小剂量(无效量)阿司匹林组成复方后,降血糖作用加强,且可维持24 h以上,并能明显改善四氧嘧啶性小鼠的糖耐量,明显对抗肾上腺素的升血糖作用。3.用不同剂量的洋葱油灌胃给予糖尿病小鼠30d,其空腹血糖值、血糖曲线下面积、糖化血清蛋白水平低于模型对照小鼠,且有显著性差异,洋葱油对糖尿病小鼠具有降血糖作用。
4.马齿苋多糖是传统中草药马齿苋的主要活性成分之一,具有降糖、调脂、抗菌消炎、抗氧化等多种功效。
5.苦荞麦蛋白提取物是苦荞麦经碱提取再酸中和后的蛋白提取物。经临床观察研究证实 :苦荞麦蛋白具有明显的降血糖 、血脂的功能 , 对糖尿病有特效。苦荞类黄酮是苦荞中重要的生物活性物质,富含多种生理功能,如降血糖、降血脂和降量,结果表明,荞麦花中的黄酮含量最高,平均胆固醇作用、抗氧化活性、抗肿瘤作用、抗疲劳含量达7.4%。6.现代科学研究表明:蚌肉含有大量糖类成分,该糖类成分不仅具有营养价值,而且具有某些特殊的生物活性和广泛的应用开发前景。2012年,蚌肉多糖被卫生部批准作为新资源食品,一具有保肝、护肝、美容、养颜、抗衰老功能,多用于保健食品和化妆品邻域。7.覆盆子多糖具有具有抗氧化、降血糖、降血脂、免疫调节等多种生物活性,可广泛用于食品(功能性食品)、保健品、医药、化妆品、美容美体等行业,开发前景十分广阔。
8.在欧美,蓝莓花青素长时间被用于治疗糖尿病所引起的眼盲等并发症。美国Natural Health Science公司研究成果称让糖尿病患者使用花青素类产品连续两个月后,对于严重糖尿病患者的健康,尤其对眼病的治疗具有显着的效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足,在吸纳中医药精髓基础上结合现代医学研究先进理念,提供一种辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品及其制备方法,本发明具有降低血糖、控制和预防并发症的特点。为实现上述目的,本发明提供的一种辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品,它的原料按照重量份数比计由0.5~17份的红景天多糖、0.5~12份的覆盆子苷、0.5-18份洋葱油、0.5-30份蓝莓花青素、0.5~15份的蚌肉多糖、0.5~15份的桑叶多糖、0.1~20份的苦荞蛋白、0.5~20份的苦荞黄酮、0.5~15份的葛根素、0.5~9份的马齿苋多糖、0.1~10份的大豆肽、0.5~5份的甜菊糖苷、0.1-5份营养强化剂组成;其中营养强化剂由0.1~3份碳酸钙、0.1~3份焦磷酸铁、0.1~3份氧化锌、0.1~3份维生素A、0.1~3份维生素D3、0.1~3份维生素B1、0.1~3份维生素B2、0.1~3份维生素C组成。再进一步地优先的,所述复合特膳营养食品的原料按照重量份数比计由5份的红景天多糖、6份的覆盆子苷、15份蓝莓花青素、8份的蚌肉多糖、10份的桑叶多糖、15份的苦荞蛋白、5份的苦荞黄酮、6份的葛根素、5份的马齿苋多糖、7份的大豆肽、2份的甜菊糖苷、1份的营养强化剂组成;其中营养强化剂由0.2份碳酸钙、0.3份焦磷酸铁、0.5份氧化锌、0.4份维生素A、0.1份维生素D3、0.3份维生素B1、0.2份维生素B2、0.5份维生素C组成。
本发明辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
一级辅料调配:将红景天多糖、覆盆子苷、蓝莓花青素、蚌肉多糖、桑叶多糖、苦荞蛋白、苦荞黄酮、葛根素、马齿苋多糖、大豆肽混合均匀,制备得到混合辅料;
二级辅料调配:将营养强化剂碳酸钙、焦磷酸铁、氧化锌、维生素A、维生素D3、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C混合均匀,制备得到二级混合辅料;
将上述一级混合辅料和二级混合辅料混合均匀,制成辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品食品。作为优选,所述辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品按照常规制剂方法制成液体剂、粉剂、片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、颗粒剂或散剂。本发明有益效果:本发明辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品,使用实验验证和筛选具有降糖功效的药食同源植物有效成分,并以科学的方法进行配伍和加工,保证原料功能性成分和含量,提高生物活性物质的利用率;增强产品预防血糖升高、降低高血糖、防治并发症发生发展的效果。
同时,本发明针对目前糖尿病患者的饮食结构不合理、营养不均衡等不良现状,选用多种维生素、矿物质,能为糖尿病患者提供全面的营养补充,弥补糖尿病患者饮食结构不合理导致的营养不良,同时能为糖尿病患者提供能量适中、营养成分全面均衡、口感醇厚、安全性高、使用方便的辅助降血糖产品,完全符合糖尿病人群的营养需求。
动物实验:对四氧嘧啶诱导的高血糖小鼠辅助降血糖作用研究:选用清洁级昆明小鼠,四氧嘧啶156mg/kg BW单次腹腔注射造模后,选取血糖值稳定在成模水平(9-24mmol/L)的小鼠随机分为模型组,高、中、低剂量组,二甲双胍治疗组,分别灌胃生理盐水、999mg/kg、555mg/kg、333mg/kg BW本发明制备的青稞膳食营养粉和100mg/kg二甲双胍。另设正常组和溶剂对照组,分别灌胃999mg/kg BW本发明特膳营养食品受试物和生理盐水,灌胃体积为0 .3ml/10g BW。
在造模前、后及灌胃第30和45天时,测定体重、空腹血糖水平及血糖曲线下面积(反映糖耐量水平)。灌胃第45天时眼眶取血测定血清胰岛素水平。灌胃30天后,与模型组相比,高、中、低剂量组呈剂量依赖性地降低空腹血糖、提高糖耐量水平、提高小鼠体重(高剂量组中3项指标均有显著性差异,P<0 .05,而且高剂量组降低空腹血糖、提高糖耐量水平及体重效果与二甲双胍治疗组相当);灌胃45天后,与模型组相比,高、中、低剂量组呈剂量依赖性地降低空腹血糖(高剂量组有显著性差异,P<0 .05,中、高剂量组效果与二甲双胍治疗组相当)、提高糖耐量水平(中、高剂量组有显著性差异,P<0 .05,效果与二甲双胍治疗组相当)、提高小鼠体重(中、高剂量组有显著性差异,P<0 .05,效果与二甲双胍治疗组相当);灌胃45天后,与模型组相比,高、中、低剂量组呈剂量依赖性地提高血清胰岛素水平(中、低剂量组有显著性差异,P<0 .05,高剂量组有极显著性差异,P<0 .01)。高剂量组血清胰岛素水平显著高于二甲双胍治疗组,P<0 .05。
综上所述,本发明特膳营养食品具有显著降低空腹血糖、提高糖耐量、提高体重的降血糖功效,并能显著提高血清胰岛素水平。
人体试食实验:以100例年满18岁,经OGTT确诊为葡萄糖耐量异常的患者为研究对象,根据国家保健食品检验与评价技术规范,采用自身和组间两种对照设计。随机分为生活方式调整联合试食组(试食组)和单纯生活方式调整组(对照组) ,每组50例。两组患者在服用基础药物(二甲双胍)不变基础上分别行连续餐前食用特膳营养食品90天,3次/日,20g/次和行标准餐试验(100g精粉馒头)。所有患者在试食前、试食后30d、试食后60d和试食后90d时分别抽血检测空腹8h以上(FBG)和餐后2h的血糖(PBG)水平,及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)水平,并评估肝肾功能。结果表明,患者连续餐前食用本发明特膳营养食品90天后,其FBG、PBG及HbA1C水平明显降低(P均< 0 .05),且FBG较试验前下降47 .7%,试食前后肝肾功能各项指标均正常。表1 实验前后两组空腹血糖水平的变化情况(x±s ,n=50)
注:与对照组相比,*P<0 .05;**P<0 .01
表2 实验前后两组餐后2h血糖水平的变化情况(x±s ,n=50)
注:与对照组相比,*P<0 .05;**P<0 .01 表3 实验前后两组糖化血红蛋白的变化情况(x±s ,n=50)
注:与对照组相比,*P<0 .05
从表1~3证明本发明确实具有良好的降糖效果,且无毒副作用。
具体实施方案 实施例一 本发明提供的一种辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品,它的原料按照重量份数比计由2份的红景天多糖、3份的覆盆子苷、5份洋葱油、7份蓝莓花青素、8份的蚌肉多糖、10份的桑叶多糖、15份的苦荞蛋白、2份的苦荞黄酮、7份的葛根素、6份的马齿苋多糖、3份的大豆肽、3份的甜菊糖苷、3份营养强化剂组成;其中营养强化剂由0.5份碳酸钙、0.6份焦磷酸铁、0.8份氧化锌、0.7份维生素A、0.9份维生素D3、0.4份维生素B1、0.7份维生素B2、0.9份维生素C组成。制备方法包括以下步骤:
一级辅料调配:将红景天多糖、覆盆子苷、蓝莓花青素、蚌肉多糖、桑叶多糖、苦荞蛋白、苦荞黄酮、葛根素、马齿苋多糖、大豆肽混合均匀,制备得到混合辅料;
二级辅料调配:将营养强化剂碳酸钙、焦磷酸铁、氧化锌、维生素A、维生素D3、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C混合均匀,制备得到二级混合辅料;将上述一级混合辅料和二级混合辅料混合均匀,制成辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品食品。作为优选,所述辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品按照常规制剂方法制成液体剂。
实施例二 本发明提供的一种辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品,它的原料按照重量份数比计由7份的红景天多糖、9份的覆盆子苷、11份洋葱油、20份蓝莓花青素、5份的蚌肉多糖、4份的桑叶多糖、17份的苦荞蛋白、1份的苦荞黄酮、6份的葛根素、10份的马齿苋多糖、11份的大豆肽、3份的甜菊糖苷、4份营养强化剂组成;其中营养强化剂由0.5份碳酸钙、0.6份焦磷酸铁、0.2份氧化锌、0.3份维生素A、0.4份维生素D3、0.6份维生素B1、0.7份维生素B2、0.2份维生素C组成。制备方法包括以下步骤:
一级辅料调配:将红景天多糖、覆盆子苷、蓝莓花青素、蚌肉多糖、桑叶多糖、苦荞蛋白、苦荞黄酮、葛根素、马齿苋多糖、大豆肽混合均匀,制备得到混合辅料;
二级辅料调配:将营养强化剂碳酸钙、焦磷酸铁、氧化锌、维生素A、维生素D3、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C混合均匀,制备得到二级混合辅料;
将上述一级混合辅料和二级混合辅料混合均匀,制成辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品食品。作为优选,所述辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品按照常规制剂方法制成粉剂。
实施例三 本发明提供的一种辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品,它的原料按照重量份数比计由5份的红景天多糖、6份的覆盆子苷、15份蓝莓花青素、8份的蚌肉多糖、10份的桑叶多糖、15份的苦荞蛋白、5份的苦荞黄酮、6份的葛根素、5份的马齿苋多糖、7份的大豆肽、2份的甜菊糖苷、1份的营养强化剂组成;其中营养强化剂由0.2份碳酸钙、0.3份焦磷酸铁、0.5份氧化锌、0.4份维生素A、0.1份维生素D3、0.3份维生素B1、0.2份维生素B2、0.5份维生素C组成。制备方法包括以下步骤:
一级辅料调配:将红景天多糖、覆盆子苷、蓝莓花青素、蚌肉多糖、桑叶多糖、苦荞蛋白、苦荞黄酮、葛根素、马齿苋多糖、大豆肽混合均匀,制备得到混合辅料;
二级辅料调配:将营养强化剂碳酸钙、焦磷酸铁、氧化锌、维生素A、维生素D3、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C混合均匀,制备得到二级混合辅料;
将上述一级混合辅料和二级混合辅料混合均匀,制成辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品食品。作为优选,所述辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品按照常规制剂方法制成片剂或胶囊剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、散剂。
Claims (3)
1.一种辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品,其特征在于,它的原料按照重量份数比计由0.5~17份的红景天多糖、0.5~12份的覆盆子苷、0.5-18份洋葱油、0.5-30份蓝莓花青素、0.5~15份的蚌肉多糖、0.5~15份的桑叶多糖、0.1~20份的苦荞蛋白、0.5~20份的苦荞黄酮、0.5~15份的葛根素、0.5~9份的马齿苋多糖、0.1~10份的大豆肽、0.5~5份的甜菊糖苷、0.1-5份营养强化剂组成;其中营养强化剂由0.1~3份碳酸钙、0.1~3份焦磷酸铁、0.1~3份氧化锌、0.1~3份维生素A、0.1~3份维生素D3、0.1~3份维生素B1、0.1~3份维生素B2、0.1~3份维生素C组成;再进一步地优先的,所述复合特膳营养食品的原料按照重量份数比计由5份的红景天多糖、6份的覆盆子苷、15份蓝莓花青素、8份的蚌肉多糖、10份的桑叶多糖、15份的苦荞蛋白、5份的苦荞黄酮、6份的葛根素、5份的马齿苋多糖、7份的大豆肽、2份的甜菊糖苷、1份的营养强化剂组成;其中营养强化剂由0.2份碳酸钙、0.3份焦磷酸铁、0.5份氧化锌、0.4份维生素A、0.1份维生素D3、0.3份维生素B1、0.2份维生素B2、0.5份维生素C组成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的辅助降血糖复合特膳营养食品的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
一级辅料调配:将红景天多糖、覆盆子苷、蓝莓花青素、蚌肉多糖、桑叶多糖、苦荞蛋白、苦荞黄酮、葛根素、马齿苋多糖、大豆肽混合均匀,制备得到混合辅料;
二级辅料调配:将营养强化剂碳酸钙、焦磷酸铁、氧化锌、维生素A、维生素D3、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C混合均匀,制备得到二级混合辅料;
将上述一级混合辅料和二级混合辅料混合均匀,制成辅助降血糖的复合特膳营养食品食品。
3.根据权利要求1所述的辅助降血糖复合特膳营养食品,其特征在于,制剂类型包括液体剂、粉剂、片剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、颗粒剂、散剂。
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