CN108611637B - Surface plasma cladding method for agricultural straw cutting knife - Google Patents

Surface plasma cladding method for agricultural straw cutting knife Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108611637B
CN108611637B CN201810927322.9A CN201810927322A CN108611637B CN 108611637 B CN108611637 B CN 108611637B CN 201810927322 A CN201810927322 A CN 201810927322A CN 108611637 B CN108611637 B CN 108611637B
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cutting knife
agricultural straw
straw cutting
cladding
powder
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CN108611637A (en
Inventor
来佑彬
杨波
王冬阳
岳湘
宁晓峰
李响
孙铭含
吴海龙
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Shenyang Agricultural University
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Shenyang Agricultural University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C37/00Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • C22C37/08Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C37/00Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

A surface plasma cladding method for an agricultural straw cutting knife belongs to the technical field of surface strengthening processes. The method comprises the following steps: placing an agricultural straw cutting knife to be clad on a workbench of a plasma cladding system; placing the alloy powder in a vacuum environment at 120 ℃ for drying treatment to remove moisture in the powder and enhance the flowability and the uniformity of the powder during conveying; placing the dried alloy powder into a powder feeder, starting a plasma cladding system, cladding the alloy powder on the easily-worn surface of an agricultural straw cutting knife, melting and rapidly solidifying the alloy powder and the surface of the easily-worn part under the action of high-temperature plasma arc, and forming an iron-based wear-resistant coating on the surface of the easily-worn part, wherein the thickness of the coating is 2-5 mm; and after cladding is finished, closing the plasma cladding system. The metal wear-resistant part cladded by the invention effectively improves the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and impact resistance of the easy-to-wear part of the agricultural straw cutting knife, and prolongs the service life of the agricultural straw cutting knife.

Description

Surface plasma cladding method for agricultural straw cutting knife
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of surface strengthening processes, and particularly relates to a surface plasma cladding method of an agricultural straw cutting knife. Namely, a wear-resistant coating is formed on the surface of an agricultural straw cutting knife (such as an agricultural straw cutting knife) by adopting a plasma cladding technology, and the method can be widely applied to the field of research on the wear resistance of agricultural cutters.
Background
At present, domestic agricultural cutters are low in hardness and poor in wear resistance, imported cutters are mostly selected, and manufacturing cost of agricultural implements is increased. The plasma cladding surface treatment technology which is started in recent years has low cost and high efficiency and has good application prospect.
The agricultural straw cutting knife is required to have strong sharpness and good abrasion resistance in the operation process and also has strong abrasion resistance. In the process of cutting straws, the cutting knife can be corroded and abraded by straw juice and adhered sandy soil, the cutting edge becomes blunt, the cutting capacity becomes poor, and the operation efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention overcomes the defect of surface strengthening of the agricultural straw cutter, and provides a plasma cladding method for the surface of the agricultural straw cutter.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a surface plasma cladding method of an agricultural straw cutting knife, which comprises the following steps:
s1: placing an agricultural straw cutting knife on a workbench of a plasma cladding system;
s2: placing the alloy powder in a vacuum environment at 120 ℃ for drying treatment to remove moisture in the powder and enhance the flowability and the uniformity of the powder during conveying;
s3: placing the dried alloy powder in the step S2 in a powder feeder, starting a plasma cladding system, cladding the alloy powder on the surface of the easily-worn part of the agricultural straw cutting knife, melting and rapidly solidifying the alloy powder and the surface of the easily-worn part under the action of high-temperature plasma arc, and forming an iron-based wear-resistant coating on the surface of the easily-worn part, wherein the thickness of the coating is 2-5 mm;
s4: and after cladding is finished, closing the plasma cladding system.
Furthermore, the agricultural straw cutting knife is pretreated before the test, namely, acetone is used for cleaning the surface of the easy-to-wear part of the agricultural straw cutting knife so as to remove surface grease.
Further, the alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 4-4.5%, Cr: 24-30%, Si: 2-3%, Ni: 4-6%, W: 2-3%, B: 1.5-2.5% and the balance Fe.
Further, the particle size of the alloy powder is 100-200 meshes.
Further, in the step (3), the power supply voltage of the surfacing machine is 220V, the rated power is 6KVA, the pilot arc current is 2-10A, the gas extension time is 1-20 s, the output current is 2-200A, the current rise time is 0-2 s, the current fall time is 0-2 s, and the powder feeding speed is 1-100 r/min.
Further, in the cladding process in the step (3), the cladding current is 120A, the base value current is 45A, the rising time and the falling time of the current are fixed for 0.3s, the scanning speed is 90mm/min, the powder feeding speed is 35r/min, the distance from a welding gun nozzle to the surface of the substrate is 7mm, the ionic gas flow is 1L/h, the protective gas flow is 5L/h, and the powder feeding gas flow is 3L/h.
Further, in the step (3), the welding gun walks along the bow-shaped folding line perpendicular to the edge line direction of the outer side of the easy-to-wear part of the agricultural straw cutting knife, and the walking track of the welding gun covers the easy-to-wear part.
Further, the overlapping rate of the arch-shaped folding line is 30-35%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the plasma cladding method adopts a plasma cladding technology to carry out cladding treatment on the surface of the cutting knife to obtain the iron-based wear-resistant coating. The process has the advantages of good performance of a cladding layer, high bonding strength, concentrated heat, short action time, small heat influence of a cladding area and the like, and the iron-based alloy powder is low in price, so that after being cladded on the surface of the agricultural straw cutter, the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and impact resistance of the cutting edge of the cutter are effectively improved, and the service life of the agricultural straw cutter is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a traveling track of a welding gun according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the shape of the straw cutter of the present invention
In the figure: 1. cutting edge, 2 cutting edge, 3 cutting knife base body, 4 inner side arc line.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Example 1: the plasma cladding device is used for the surface plasma cladding of the agricultural straw cutting knife. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the specific method is performed according to the following steps:
(1) before the test, the surface of the cutting edge 2 of the agricultural straw cutting knife is cleaned by acetone to remove surface grease;
(2) placing an agricultural straw cutter on a workbench of a plasma cladding system;
(3) placing the alloy powder in a vacuum environment at 120 ℃ for drying treatment to remove moisture in the powder and enhance the flowability and the uniformity of the powder during conveying; the alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c4-4.5%, Cr 24-30%, Si 2-3%, Ni 4-6%, W2-3%, B1.5-2.5%, and the balance Fe, wherein the powder particle size is 150-200 meshes;
(4) and (2) placing the dried alloy powder into a powder feeder, starting a plasma cladding system, cladding the iron-based alloy powder on the surface of the blade 2 by adopting pulse welding, and melting and rapidly solidifying the alloy powder and the surface of the blade 2 under the action of high-temperature plasma arc so as to form an iron-based wear-resistant coating on the surface of the blade 2, wherein the thickness of the coating is 2-5 mm. The power supply voltage of the surfacing machine is 220V, the rated power is 6KVA, the pilot arc current is 2-10A, the gas extension time is 1-20 s, the output current is 2-200A, the current rise time is 0-2 s, the current fall time is 0-2 s, and the powder feeding speed is 1-100 r/min;
(5) setting technological parameters and a welding gun walking track in the cladding process, wherein the welding current is 120A, the base value current is fixed by 45A, the current rising time and the current falling time are fixed by 0.3s, the scanning speed is 90mm/min, the powder feeding speed is 35r/min, the distance from a welding gun nozzle to the surface of the substrate is 7mm, the ionic gas flow is 1.0L/h, the protective gas flow is 5L/h, and the powder feeding gas flow is 3L/h. The welding gun travels in a bow shape along the direction vertical to the cutting edge 1, the welding gun returns immediately when the welding gun travels to a position 2-3mm away from the cutting edge 1 and an inner arc line 4 of the cutting edge, and the straw cutting edge is an inclined plane and flows to the cutting edge 1 by means of the inertia of the flow of a molten pool, so that the phenomenon that a gap is formed on the cutting edge 1 due to the fact that plasma arcs directly act on the thinner cutting edge 1 is avoided;
(6) and after cladding is finished, closing the plasma cladding system.
Example 2: the difference between this example and example 1 is: the alloy powder described in this example contains the following components in weight percent: c: 4%, Cr: 24%, Si: 2%, Ni: 4.5%, W: 3%, B:2 percent, the balance being Fe, and the powder granularity being 100-150 meshes. The power supply voltage of the surfacing machine is 220V, the rated power is 6KVA, the pilot arc current is 2-10A, the gas extension time is 1-20 s, the output current is 2-200A, the current rise time is 0-2 s, the current fall time is 0-2 s, and the powder feeding speed is 1-100 r/min. The technological parameters in the cladding process are set, the welding current is 95A, the scanning speed is 75mm/min, the powder feeding speed is 25r/min, and other parameters are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Example 3: the difference between this example and example 1 is: the alloy powder described in this example contains the following components in weight percent: c: 4%, Cr: 27.5%, Si: 2.5%, Ni: 4%, W: 2.5%, B:2 percent, the balance being Fe, and the powder granularity being 100-150 meshes. The power supply voltage of the surfacing machine is 220V, the rated power is 6KVA, the pilot arc current is 2-10A, the gas extension time is 1-20 s, the output current is 2-200A, the current rise time is 0-2 s, the current fall time is 0-2 s, and the powder feeding speed is 1-100 r/min. The technological parameters in the cladding process are set, the welding current is 85A, the scanning speed is 70mm/min, the powder feeding speed is 20r/min, and other parameters are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Example 4: the difference between this example and example 1 is: the alloy powder described in this example contains the following components in weight percent: c: 4.25%, Cr: 28%, Si: 2.5%, Ni: 5 percent, 2.5 percent of W, 2 percent of B and the balance of Fe, and the particle size of the powder is 100-150 meshes. The power supply voltage of the surfacing machine is 220V, the rated power is 6KVA, the pilot arc current is 2-10A, the gas extension time is 1-20 s, the output current is 2-200A, the current rise time is 0-2 s, the current fall time is 0-2 s, and the powder feeding speed is 1-100 r/min. The technological parameters in the cladding process are set, the welding current is 90A, the scanning speed is 75mm/min, the powder feeding speed is 20r/min, and other parameters are the same as those in the embodiment 1.
Example 5: the difference between this example and example 1 is: the alloy powder described in this example contains the following components in weight percent: 4.4 percent of C, 26 percent of Cr, 2.2 percent of Si, 4.5 percent of Ni, 2.8 percent of W, 2.2 percent of B and the balance of Fe, and the powder granularity is 150-200 meshes. The power supply voltage of the surfacing machine is 220V, the rated power is 6KVA, the pilot arc current is 2-10A, the gas extension time is 1-20 s, the output current is 2-200A, the current rise time is 0-2 s, the current fall time is 0-2 s, and the powder feeding speed is 1-100 r/min. Setting the technological parameters in the cladding process, wherein the welding current is 90A, the scanning speed is 60mm/min, the powder feeding speed is 15r/min, and the rest is the same as that of the embodiment 1.

Claims (6)

1. A surface plasma cladding method for an agricultural straw cutting knife is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: placing an agricultural straw cutting knife on a workbench of a plasma cladding system;
s2: placing the alloy powder in a vacuum environment at 120 ℃ for drying treatment to remove moisture in the powder and enhance the flowability and the uniformity of the powder during conveying;
s3: placing the dried alloy powder in the step S2 in a powder feeder, starting a plasma cladding system, cladding the alloy powder on the surface of the cutting edge of the agricultural straw cutting knife, melting the alloy powder and the surface of the cutting edge under the action of high-temperature plasma arc and rapidly solidifying the alloy powder and the surface of the cutting edge to form an iron-based wear-resistant coating on the surface of the easy-to-wear part, wherein the thickness of the coating is 2-5 mm;
the welding gun travels along an arch-shaped folding line perpendicular to the outer side edge line direction of the blade part of the agricultural straw cutting knife, returns immediately when the welding gun travels to a position 2-3mm away from the blade part and an inner side arc line of the blade, and the traveling track of the welding gun covers the blade part which is easy to wear; the overlapping rate of the arch-shaped fold line is 30-35%;
s4: and after cladding is finished, closing the plasma cladding system.
2. The agricultural straw cutting knife surface plasma cladding method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the agricultural straw cutting knife is pretreated before the test, namely, acetone is used for cleaning the surface of the blade cladding part of the agricultural straw cutting knife so as to remove surface grease.
3. The agricultural straw cutting knife surface plasma cladding method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the alloy powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 4-4.5%, Cr: 24-30%, Si: 2-3%, Ni: 4-6%, W: 2-3%, B: 1.5-2.5% and the balance Fe.
4. The agricultural straw cutting knife surface plasma cladding method as claimed in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the granularity of the alloy powder is 100-200 meshes.
5. The agricultural straw cutting knife surface plasma cladding method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (S3), the power supply voltage of a surfacing machine adopted by the cladding system is 220V, the rated power is 6KVA, the pilot arc current is 2-10A, the gas extension time is 1-20S, the output current is 2-200A, the current rise time is 0-2S, the current fall time is 0-2S, and the powder feeding speed is 1-100 r/min.
6. The agricultural straw cutting knife surface plasma cladding method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the cladding process in the step (S3), the cladding current is 120A, the base value current is 45A, the rising time and the falling time of the current are fixed for 0.3S, the scanning speed is 90mm/min, the powder feeding speed is 35r/min, the distance from a welding gun nozzle to the surface of the substrate is 7mm, the ionic gas flow is 1L/h, the protective gas flow is 5L/h, and the powder feeding gas flow is 3L/h.
CN201810927322.9A 2018-08-15 2018-08-15 Surface plasma cladding method for agricultural straw cutting knife Expired - Fee Related CN108611637B (en)

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CN110106501B (en) * 2019-06-21 2020-05-01 阳江市五金刀剪产业技术研究院 Cutter manufactured by micro-beam plasma additive manufacturing and preparation method thereof
CN111618306A (en) * 2020-06-11 2020-09-04 太仓欧兹机械科技有限公司 Preparation method of hole inner wall with composite metal layer
CN113088960B (en) * 2021-03-31 2022-09-16 辽宁石油化工大学 Titanium alloy flexible package wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof
CN113549865B (en) * 2021-07-27 2023-03-14 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 Iron-based alloy powder, ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure, and preparation method and application thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104404508A (en) * 2014-11-24 2015-03-11 桂林电子科技大学 Laser additive manufacturing method for aluminium alloy structural part
CN108048834A (en) * 2017-10-18 2018-05-18 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 A kind of crust breaking hammer plasma melting coating process
CN108070854A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-05-25 沈阳农业大学 A kind of agricultural soil-engaging component plasma melting coating process easy to wear
EP3354758A1 (en) * 2017-01-27 2018-08-01 Höganäs Ab (publ) New powder mixture

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104404508A (en) * 2014-11-24 2015-03-11 桂林电子科技大学 Laser additive manufacturing method for aluminium alloy structural part
EP3354758A1 (en) * 2017-01-27 2018-08-01 Höganäs Ab (publ) New powder mixture
CN108048834A (en) * 2017-10-18 2018-05-18 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 A kind of crust breaking hammer plasma melting coating process
CN108070854A (en) * 2017-12-12 2018-05-25 沈阳农业大学 A kind of agricultural soil-engaging component plasma melting coating process easy to wear

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