CN113549865B - Iron-based alloy powder, ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Iron-based alloy powder, ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to iron-based alloy powder, a ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machining. In order to solve the problem that the wear-resistant layer of the existing soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement is not easy to combine with the surface of the agricultural implement, the invention provides iron-based alloy powder and a method for preparing a ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure by using the iron-based alloy powder by adopting a plasma spray welding method, wherein the section of each rib of the prepared ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure is arc, and the distance between two ribs is 5-12.5 mm when the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure is applied to the surface of the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement. The iron-based alloy powder has the advantages that the solubility of an alloy system and a matrix metal compound is greatly improved in the plasma spray welding process, so that the binding force of the iron-based alloy powder and a matrix is enhanced, the problems that the surface of an agricultural implement is not easy to bind with a wear-resistant layer and is easy to break are solved, and the wear resistance and the resistance reduction performance of the surface of a soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery processing, and particularly relates to an iron-based alloy powder and a ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In modern agricultural production, agricultural machinery is widely used, and the development of agricultural mechanization brings great changes to agricultural production, so that the stability and reliability of agricultural mechanized operation are particularly important. There are many factors that affect the stability and reliability of agricultural machines, with a major problem being that the wear of agricultural machine components during use of the agricultural implement is severe. The investigation shows that the agricultural machinery failure condition caused by agricultural machinery component failure accounts for about 50% every year, wherein the agricultural machinery soil-contacting component has abrasion failure and fracture failure, and accounts for about 80% of the agricultural machinery component failure, so that the problem of how to improve the abrasion resistance of the agricultural machinery soil-contacting component plays a critical role in the development of agricultural mechanization.
The abrasion of the soil-contacting parts of the agricultural machinery is mainly abrasive abrasion, and the abrasion of soil-breaking cutters such as plowshares, harrow plates, subsoilers, furrow openers and rotary cultivator blades in the parts of the agricultural machinery is mainly strong abrasion of hard abrasive particles such as stones and sand grains when the blades cut into the soil and break soil blocks. The wear-resisting treatment process aiming at the wear mechanism of the surface of the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement has the following treatment methods at home and abroad. One aspect is additive processing methods, i.e. forming a wear resistant layer on the surface of an agricultural implement, such as: the wear resistance of the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement can be enhanced by surfacing, cladding, hot spraying and the like. But the main defects are that the surface of the agricultural implement and the wear-resistant layer are not easy to combine, are easy to break, and have complex operation, high cost and the like. On the other hand, the bionic surface treatment technology is used for performing bionic treatment on the surface of a material mainly according to organs and body surface structures with special functions evolved by adapting to the survival of animals and plants in the nature. The bionic surface mainly can enable the surface of the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement to realize the functions of reducing the adhesion of the soil and reducing the resistance of the soil, thereby increasing the wear resistance of the agricultural implement. However, most of the main processing and forming methods are mechanical processing, chemical processing and the like, and have the defects of complex processing, high cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an iron-based alloy powder and ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure, and a preparation method and application thereof, and aims to solve the problems that a wear-resistant layer of a soil-contacting part of an existing agricultural implement is not easy to combine with the surface of the agricultural implement and is easy to break.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an iron-based alloy powder comprising the following elements in mass ratio 56.
Further, the iron-based alloy powder is a powder prepared by mixing and grinding pure metal powders of Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr, the purity of which is more than 99.9%, to a particle size of 45-100 μm.
A manufacturing method of a ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure is characterized in that a ribbed geometric structure of the surface of a bionic scallop is combined, iron-based alloy powder is used as a raw material, and spray welding is performed on the surface to be subjected to spray welding according to the size parameters of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure by adopting a plasma spray welding method to obtain the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure; the iron-based alloy powder is prepared by mixing and grinding pure metal powders of Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr, which have the purity of more than 99.9%, according to the mass ratio of (5).
Further, the surface to be spray-welded is wiped by alcohol to remove dirt and oil stain on the surface before spray welding, then the surface to be spray-welded is ground by using 80-mesh, 240-mesh and 400-mesh sand papers in sequence, and surface oxide skin and burrs are removed until the surface to be spray-welded is ground until the roughness is Ra0.8-Ra1.6.
Further, the iron-based alloy powder is heated for 2 hours and dried for standby application at 120 ℃ before spray welding.
Further, in the plasma spray welding method, an input power supply is AC220V, the flow rate of ionic gas is 0.2-0.3L/min, the flow rate of powder feeding gas is 0.2-0.3L/min, the flow rate of protective gas is 3L/min, ionized gas, powder feeding gas and protective gas are all pure argon, the powder feeding amount of a powder feeder is 10-50 g/min, the distance between a welding gun and the surface to be spray welded is 7mm, and the travelling speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
The ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure prepared by the preparation method of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure has the advantages that the section of each rib is arc, the contact surface width of each rib and a base material is 5mm, and the highest position of each arc of each rib is 1.3mm.
The invention relates to an application of a ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure on the surface of a soil-contacting part of an agricultural implement, wherein the distribution interval of ribbed monomers of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure on the surface of the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement is 5-12.5 mm.
Furthermore, the distribution interval of the ridge monomers of the ridge type bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure on the surface of the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement is 7.5mm.
Further, the agricultural implement soil contacting component comprises a subsoiler arm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the iron-based alloy welding layer provided by the invention has the characteristics of impact resistance, wear resistance and good corrosion resistance due to the special proportion and crystal structure, and the solubility of an alloy system and a matrix metal compound is greatly improved in the plasma spray welding process, so that the binding force of the iron-based alloy and a matrix is enhanced. The wear-resistant additive is applied to the surface of a soil-contacting part of an agricultural implement, so that the problems that the surface of the agricultural implement and the wear-resistant layer are not easy to combine and are easy to break in the traditional additive processing method can be solved.
According to the preparation method of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure, the bionic surface technology and the plasma spray welding technology are combined, the iron-based alloy powder is fully melted in the spray welding process by adjusting the plasma spray welding parameters, and the bonding strength of the bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure and a substrate is enhanced. The ridge-shaped structure with the arc-shaped cross section obtained by the bionic scallop can change the contact state of material particles and a contact surface, so that the material particles are changed from sliding contact with the traditional plane contact surface into rolling contact with the ridge-shaped structure, and the abrasion of the material to the contact surface is reduced. Compared with the existing bionic surface treatment technology, the preparation method has the advantages of simple operation, high processing efficiency, low cost and good effect.
The ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure prepared by the preparation method is applied to wear-resistant treatment of the surface of the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement, can effectively improve the wear resistance and resistance-reducing performance of the surface of the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement, solves the problem that the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement has short service life as a wearing part, reduces the failure rate of the soil-contacting part including a subsoiler arm, further reduces environmental damage and economic loss, and has good market application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ribbed bionic drag-reducing wear-resistant structure prepared on the surface of a subsoiler arm in example 10;
FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure on the surface of the shovel arm of the subsoiler in FIG. 1;
in the figure, 1 is a subsoiler arm; 2 is a ridge-shaped bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure; and 3, the surface of the base material of the shovel arm of the subsoiler.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention. The process equipment or apparatus not specifically mentioned in the following examples are conventional in the art, and if not specifically mentioned, the raw materials and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available; unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples of the present invention are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The present example provides an iron-based alloy powder comprising the following elements, by mass, 56.
In the embodiment, the iron-based alloy powder is Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr pure metal powder with purity of more than 99.9 percent, and the iron-based alloy powder is mixed and ground to be powder with the particle size of 45-100 mu m.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a manufacturing method of a ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure, which combines a ribbed geometric structure on the surface of a bionic scallop, takes iron-based alloy powder as a raw material, and adopts a plasma spray welding method to carry out spray welding on the surface to be subjected to spray welding according to the size parameters of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure to obtain the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure.
The iron-based alloy powder in the embodiment is prepared by mixing and grinding the following pure metal powders of Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr, which have the purity of more than 99.9%, in a mass ratio of (1).
The specific preparation method of the ribbed bionic drag-reducing wear-resistant structure comprises the following steps:
firstly, wiping the surface to be spray-welded with alcohol to remove dirt and oil stains on the surface before spray-welding, then sequentially grinding the surface to be spray-welded with 80-mesh, 240-mesh and 400-mesh sandpaper, and removing surface scale and burrs until the surface to be spray-welded is polished to the roughness of Ra0.8-Ra1.6.
And secondly, heating the iron-based alloy powder for 2 hours at 120 ℃ before spray welding for standby.
And thirdly, performing spray welding on the surface to be subjected to spray welding by adopting a plasma welding machine with the model of DML-V02BD according to the size parameters of the rib-shaped bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure, wherein the input power supply is AC220V, the ionic gas flow is 0.2L/min, the powder feeding flow is 0.3L/min, the shielding gas flow is 3L/min, the ionized gas, the powder feeding gas and the shielding gas are all pure argon, the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 50g/min, the distance between a welding gun and the surface to be subjected to spray welding is 7mm, and the walking speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
Example 3
The difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 2 is only that in the present embodiment, the input power of the plasma welding machine is AC220V, the ion gas flow is 0.2L/min, the powder feeding gas flow is 0.2L/min, the shielding gas flow is 3L/min, all of the ionized gas, the powder feeding gas and the shielding gas are pure argon gas, the powder feeding speed of the powder feeder is 20g/min, the distance between the welding gun and the surface to be spray-welded is 7mm, and the traveling speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
Example 4
The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 2 is only that the input power supply of the plasma welding machine in the embodiment is AC220V, the ion gas flow is 0.3L/min, the powder feeding gas flow is 0.3L/min, the shielding gas flow is 3L/min, all of the ionized gas, the powder feeding gas and the shielding gas are pure argon, the powder feeding speed of the powder feeder is 30g/min, the distance between the welding gun and the surface to be spray-welded is 7mm, and the traveling speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
Example 5
In the embodiment, the rib-type bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure is prepared on the surface of a strip 60Si2Mn steel sample by spray welding, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, strip 60Si with the size of 40mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 4mm 2 The Mn steel sample is used as a base material, alcohol is firstly used for wiping and removing dirt and oil stains on the surface before spray welding, then 80-mesh, 240-mesh and 400-mesh sand papers are sequentially used for grinding the surface to be spray welded, and surface oxide scales and burrs are removed until the surface to be spray welded is polished to the roughness of Ra0.8-Ra1.6.
Step two, the iron-based alloy powder is heated for 2h and dried for standby use at 120 ℃ before spray welding, in the embodiment, the iron-based alloy powder is prepared by mixing and grinding the following pure metal powders of Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr at a mass ratio of 56.
Step three, this embodiment bionical drag reduction wear-resisting structure of fringe type's fringe cross-section is the arc, and the width of fringe and substrate contact surface is 5mm, and the height of fringe arc highest point is 1.3mm, and the fringe of spray welding is totally 4, and the fringe monomer distribution interval is 5mm.
And carrying out spray welding on the surface to be subjected to spray welding by adopting a plasma welding machine with the model of DML-V02BD according to the dimensional parameters of the rib-type bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure in the embodiment to obtain the rib-type bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure. The specific spray welding method of the embodiment is that an input power supply is AC220V, the ionic gas flow is 0.2L/min, the powder feeding gas flow is 0.3L/min, the protective gas flow is 3L/min, ionized gas, powder feeding gas and protective gas are all pure argon, the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 50g/min, the distance between a welding gun and a surface to be spray-welded is 7mm, and the traveling speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
Example 6
In the embodiment, the rib-type bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure is prepared on the surface of a strip 60Si2Mn steel sample by spray welding, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, strip 60Si with the size of 40mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 4mm 2 The Mn steel sample is used as a base material, alcohol is firstly used for wiping to remove dirt and oil stain on the surface before spray welding, then 80-mesh, 240-mesh and 400-mesh abrasive paper is sequentially used for grinding the surface to be spray welded, and surface oxide skin and burrs are removed until the surface to be spray welded is ground to be Ra0.8-Ra1.6 in roughness.
Step two, heating the iron-based alloy powder at 120 ℃ for 2h before spray welding, and drying for later use, wherein the iron-based alloy powder is pure metal powder of Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr with the purity of more than 99.9% and is mixed and ground to a particle size of 45-100 μm according to the mass ratio of (1).
Step three, this embodiment bionical drag reduction wear-resisting structure of fringe type's fringe cross-section is the arc, and the width of fringe and substrate contact surface is 5mm, and the height of fringe arc highest point is 1.3mm, and the fringe of spray welding is totally 3, and the fringe monomer distribution interval is 7.5mm.
And carrying out spray welding on the surface to be subjected to spray welding by adopting a plasma welding machine with the model of DML-V02BD according to the dimensional parameters of the rib-type bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure in the embodiment to obtain the rib-type bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure. The specific spray welding method of the embodiment is that an input power supply is AC220V, the ionic gas flow is 0.2L/min, the powder feeding gas flow is 0.3L/min, the protective gas flow is 3L/min, ionized gas, powder feeding gas and protective gas are all pure argon, the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 50g/min, the distance between a welding gun and a surface to be spray-welded is 7mm, and the traveling speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
Example 7
This embodiment uses 60Si stripes 2 The surface of the Mn steel sample is spray-welded to prepare a ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, strip 60Si with the size of 40mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 4mm 2 Using a Mn steel sample as a base material, wiping off surface dirt and oil stain by using alcohol before spray welding, then sequentially grinding the surface to be spray welded by using 80-mesh, 240-mesh and 400-mesh sand papers, removing surface scale and burrs until the surface to be spray welded is polished to be roughThe degree is Ra0.8-Ra1.6.
Step two, heating the iron-based alloy powder at 120 ℃ for 2h before spray welding, and drying for later use, wherein the iron-based alloy powder is pure metal powder of Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr with the purity of more than 99.9% and is mixed and ground to a particle size of 45-100 μm according to the mass ratio of (1).
Step three, the bionical drag reduction wear-resisting structure's of this embodiment rib type rib cross-section is the arc, and the rib is 5mm with substrate contact surface width, and the height of rib arc highest point is 1.3mm, and the rib of spray welding is totally 3, and the rib monomer distribution interval is 10mm.
And carrying out spray welding on the surface to be subjected to spray welding by adopting a plasma welding machine with the model of DML-V02BD according to the dimensional parameters of the rib-type bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure in the embodiment to obtain the rib-type bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure. The specific spray welding method of the embodiment is that an input power supply is AC220V, the ionic gas flow is 0.2L/min, the powder feeding gas flow is 0.3L/min, the protective gas flow is 3L/min, ionized gas, powder feeding gas and protective gas are all pure argon, the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 50g/min, the distance between a welding gun and a surface to be spray-welded is 7mm, and the traveling speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
Example 8
In the embodiment, the rib-type bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure is prepared on the surface of a strip 60Si2Mn steel sample by spray welding, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, strip 60Si with the size of 40mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 4mm 2 The Mn steel sample is used as a base material, alcohol is firstly used for wiping to remove dirt and oil stain on the surface before spray welding, then 80-mesh, 240-mesh and 400-mesh abrasive paper is sequentially used for grinding the surface to be spray welded, and surface oxide skin and burrs are removed until the surface to be spray welded is ground to be Ra0.8-Ra1.6 in roughness.
Step two, heating the iron-based alloy powder at 120 ℃ for 2h before spray welding, and drying for later use, wherein the iron-based alloy powder is pure metal powder of Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr with the purity of more than 99.9% and is mixed and ground to a particle size of 45-100 μm according to the mass ratio of (1).
Step three, this embodiment bionical drag reduction wear-resisting structure of fringe type's fringe cross-section is the arc, and the width of fringe and substrate contact surface is 5mm, and the height of fringe arc highest point is 1.3mm, and the fringe of spray welding is totally 3, and the fringe monomer distribution interval is 12.5mm.
And (3) carrying out spray welding on the surface to be subjected to spray welding by adopting a plasma welding machine with the model of DML-V02BD according to the size parameters of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure of the embodiment to obtain the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure. The specific spray welding method of the embodiment is that an input power supply is AC220V, the ionic gas flow is 0.2L/min, the powder feeding flow is 0.3L/min, the protective gas flow is 3L/min, ionized gas, powder feeding gas and protective gas are all pure argon, the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 50g/min, the distance between a welding gun and a surface to be spray-welded is 7mm, and the travelling speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is in the form of a strip of 60Si 2 The method for preparing the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure by spray welding on the surface of the Mn steel sample comprises the following specific steps:
step one, strip 60Si with the size of 40mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 4mm 2 The Mn steel sample is used as a base material, alcohol is firstly used for wiping to remove dirt and oil stain on the surface before spray welding, then 80-mesh, 240-mesh and 400-mesh abrasive paper is sequentially used for grinding the surface to be spray welded, and surface oxide skin and burrs are removed until the surface to be spray welded is ground to be Ra0.8-Ra1.6 in roughness.
Step two, heating the iron-based alloy powder at 120 ℃ for 2h before spray welding, and drying for later use, wherein the iron-based alloy powder is pure metal powder of Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr with the purity of more than 99.9% and is mixed and ground to a particle size of 45-100 μm according to the mass ratio of (1).
And step three, spray-welding a flat-type wear-resistant layer with the thickness of 1.3mm on the surface of the base material according to the comparative example, wherein the width of the wear-resistant layer is 100mm. And (3) carrying out spray welding on the surface to be subjected to spray welding according to the size parameters of the flat wear-resistant layer by adopting a plasma welding machine with the model of DML-V02BD to obtain the flat bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure. The specific spray welding method of the comparative example is that an input power supply is AC220V, the ionic gas flow is 0.2L/min, the powder feeding flow is 0.3L/min, the protective gas flow is 3L/min, ionized gas, powder feeding gas and protective gas are all pure argon, the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 50g/min, the distance between a welding gun and a surface to be spray-welded is 7mm, and the traveling speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
The wear resistance of the ribbed bionic drag reduction wear-resistant structures prepared in examples 5 to 8 and the flat plate type wear-resistant layer prepared in comparative example 1 were examined through a grinding material wear experiment.
The abrasive wear test method comprises the following steps: river sand with proper thickness is selected as an abrasive, and the abrasive with the height of 70mm is put into the charging barrel. Adding a proper amount of water into the charging barrel, and controlling the water amount to be 3-5 wt%. And clamping the sample piece on an abrasive abrasion tester, and carrying out abrasion test for each group for 10 h. The sample wear loss quality data is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the comparison of the abrasion loss quality data of the samples in the table 1, the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resisting structure with the ribbed monomer distribution interval of 7.5mm has the strongest wear resistance.
Example 9
In the embodiment, the rib-type bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure is prepared on the surface of the shovel wall of the subsoiler by spray welding, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, the subsoiler used in the embodiment meets the national standard requirements, dirt and oil stains on the surface of the wall of the subsoiler are removed by wiping with alcohol before spray welding, then the surface to be spray welded is ground by using 80-mesh, 240-mesh and 400-mesh abrasive paper in sequence, and surface oxide scales and burrs are removed until the surface to be spray welded is polished to the roughness of Ra0.8-Ra1.6.
Step two, the iron-based alloy powder is heated for 2h and dried for standby use at 120 ℃ before spray welding, in the embodiment, the iron-based alloy powder is prepared by mixing and grinding the following pure metal powders of Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr at a mass ratio of 56.
Step three, this embodiment bionical drag reduction wear-resisting structure of fringe type's fringe cross-section is the arc, and the width of fringe and substrate contact surface is 5mm, and the height of fringe arc highest point is 1.3mm, and the fringe of spray welding is totally 60, and the fringe monomer distribution interval is 5mm.
And (3) carrying out spray welding on the surface of the subsoiler arm to be subjected to spray welding according to the size parameters of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resisting structure of the embodiment by adopting a plasma welding machine with the model of DML-V02BD to obtain the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resisting structure which is arranged in a rib shape and is vertical to the farming direction of the subsoiler.
The specific spray welding method of the embodiment is that an input power supply is AC220V, the ionic gas flow is 0.3L/min, the powder feeding flow is 0.3L/min, the shielding gas flow is 3L/min, ionized gas, powder feeding gas and shielding gas are all pure argon, the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 50g/min, the distance between a welding gun and the surface to be spray-welded is 7mm, and the traveling speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
Example 10
In the embodiment, the ridge-type bionic drag reduction wear-resistant structure is prepared on the surface of the shovel wall of the subsoiler by spray welding, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, the subsoiler used in the embodiment meets the national standard requirements, dirt and oil stains on the surface of the wall of the subsoiler are removed by wiping with alcohol before spray welding, then the surface to be spray welded is ground by using 80-mesh, 240-mesh and 400-mesh abrasive paper in sequence, and surface oxide scales and burrs are removed until the surface to be spray welded is polished to the roughness of Ra0.8-Ra1.6.
Step two, the iron-based alloy powder is heated for 2h and dried for standby use at 120 ℃ before spray welding, in the embodiment, the iron-based alloy powder is prepared by mixing and grinding the following pure metal powders of Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr at a mass ratio of 56.
Step three, the bionic drag reduction wear-resistant structure's of this embodiment rib type rib cross-section is the arc, and the rib is 5mm with substrate contact surface width, and the height of rib arc highest point is 1.3mm, and the rib of spray welding totally 48, the rib monomer distribution interval is 7.5mm.
And (3) carrying out spray welding on the surface of the subsoiler arm to be spray-welded by adopting a plasma welding machine with the model of DML-V02BD according to the dimensional parameters of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure of the embodiment to obtain the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure which is arranged in a rib shape and is vertical to the cultivating direction of the subsoiler.
The specific spray welding method of the embodiment is that an input power supply is AC220V, the ionic gas flow is 0.2L/min, the powder feeding flow is 0.3L/min, the protective gas flow is 3L/min, ionized gas, powder feeding gas and protective gas are all pure argon, the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 50g/min, the distance between a welding gun and a surface to be spray-welded is 7mm, and the travelling speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
Example 11
In the embodiment, the rib-type bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure is prepared on the surface of the shovel wall of the subsoiler by spray welding, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, the subsoiler used in the embodiment meets the national standard requirements, the dirt and oil stain on the surface of the wall of the subsoiler are removed by wiping with alcohol before spray welding, then the surface to be spray welded is ground by using 80-mesh, 240-mesh and 400-mesh abrasive paper in sequence, and the surface oxide skin and burrs are removed until the surface to be spray welded is ground to the roughness of Ra0.8-Ra1.6.
Step two, the iron-based alloy powder is heated for 2h and dried for standby use at 120 ℃ before spray welding, in the embodiment, the iron-based alloy powder is prepared by mixing and grinding the following pure metal powders of Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr at a mass ratio of 56.
Step three, this embodiment bionical drag reduction wear-resisting structure of fringe type's fringe cross-section is the arc, and the width of fringe and substrate contact surface is 5mm, and the height of fringe arc highest point is 1.3mm, and the fringe of spray welding is totally 40, and the fringe monomer distribution interval is 10mm.
And (3) carrying out spray welding on the surface of the subsoiler arm to be subjected to spray welding according to the size parameters of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resisting structure of the embodiment by adopting a plasma welding machine with the model of DML-V02BD to obtain the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resisting structure which is arranged in a rib shape and is vertical to the farming direction of the subsoiler.
The specific spray welding method of the embodiment is that an input power supply is AC220V, the ionic gas flow is 0.2L/min, the powder feeding flow is 0.3L/min, the protective gas flow is 3L/min, ionized gas, powder feeding gas and protective gas are all pure argon, the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 50g/min, the distance between a welding gun and a surface to be spray-welded is 7mm, and the travelling speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
Example 12
In the embodiment, the rib-type bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure is prepared on the surface of the shovel wall of the subsoiler by spray welding, and the specific preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, the subsoiler used in the embodiment meets the national standard requirements, dirt and oil stains on the surface of the wall of the subsoiler are removed by wiping with alcohol before spray welding, then the surface to be spray welded is ground by using 80-mesh, 240-mesh and 400-mesh abrasive paper in sequence, and surface oxide scales and burrs are removed until the surface to be spray welded is polished to the roughness of Ra0.8-Ra1.6.
Step two, heating the iron-based alloy powder at 120 ℃ for 2h before spray welding, and drying for later use, wherein the iron-based alloy powder is pure metal powder of Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr with the purity of more than 99.9% and is mixed and ground to a particle size of 45-100 μm according to the mass ratio of (1).
Step three, the rib section of the bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure with the ribs is arc-shaped, the width of the contact surface of the ribs and the substrate is 5mm, the height of the highest position of the arc-shaped ribs is 1.3mm, the number of spray-welded ribs is 36, and the distribution interval of rib monomers is 12.5mm.
And (3) carrying out spray welding on the surface of the subsoiler arm to be subjected to spray welding according to the size parameters of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resisting structure of the embodiment by adopting a plasma welding machine with the model of DML-V02BD to obtain the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resisting structure which is arranged in a rib shape and is vertical to the farming direction of the subsoiler.
The specific spray welding method of the embodiment is that an input power supply is AC220V, the ionic gas flow is 0.2L/min, the powder feeding flow is 0.3L/min, the protective gas flow is 3L/min, ionized gas, powder feeding gas and protective gas are all pure argon, the powder feeding speed of a powder feeder is 50g/min, the distance between a welding gun and a surface to be spray-welded is 7mm, and the travelling speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
The wear resistance of the ribbed bionic drag-reducing wear-resistant structure on the subsoiler walls prepared in examples 9-12 and the unprocessed standard subsoiler walls was examined by abrasive wear experiments.
Abrasive wear test: the experiment is carried out in a black land test field and a Xinjiang sandy soil test field in Heilongjiang province, the tillage depth of a subsoiling shovel is 30cm, the tillage speed is 4km/h, the tillage time is 5h, 10h and 15h, and the quality difference before and after the abrasion of the subsoiling shovel is shown in a table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the comparison of the mass difference data before and after the abrasion of the subsoiler in the table 2, the ridge type bionic drag reduction wear-resistant structure with the ridge monomer distribution interval of 7.5mm enables the obtained improvement effect of the wear resistance of the subsoiler to be most remarkable.
When the depth of cultivation was 30cm, the average resistance value (N) and the drag reduction ratio (%) of the subsoiler working on black and sandy soil were examined at various cultivation speeds of 4km/h, 5km/h and 6km/h, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from the comparison of the average resistance value and the drag reduction rate data in the table 3, the ridge type bionic drag reduction wear-resistant structure with the ridge monomer distribution interval of 7.5mm enables the subsoiler to obtain a lower average resistance value and a higher drag reduction rate.
The iron-based alloy welding layer provided by the invention has the characteristics of impact resistance, wear resistance and good corrosion resistance due to the special proportion and crystal structure, and the solubility of an alloy system and a matrix metal compound is greatly improved in the plasma spray welding process, so that the binding force of iron-based alloy powder and a matrix is enhanced.
According to the preparation method of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure, the bionic surface technology and the plasma spray welding technology are combined, and the iron-based alloy powder is fully melted in the spray welding process by adjusting the plasma spray welding parameters, so that the bonding strength of the bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure and a substrate is enhanced. The preparation method of the iron-based alloy powder and the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure is applied to wear-resistant treatment of the surface of the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement, so that the problems that the surface of the agricultural implement and a wear-resistant layer are not easy to combine and are easy to break in the traditional additive treatment method can be solved.
The cross-section that bionical scallop obtained can change the contact state of material granule and contact surface for the ridge type structure of circular arc, make the material granule change into the rolling contact with ridge type structure by the sliding contact with traditional plane contact surface, the wearing and tearing of material to contact surface have been alleviateed, be applied to the abrasive treatment on agricultural implement contact soil part surface with it, the wear-resisting and the drag reduction performance on agricultural implement contact soil part surface has effectively been promoted, the problem that agricultural implement contact soil part is short as wearing parts life has been solved, the failure rate of contact soil part including subsoiler arm has been reduced, and then environmental destruction and economic loss have been reduced, has good market perspective.
Claims (5)
1. The application of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure on the surface of the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement is characterized in that the distribution interval of the ribbed monomers of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure on the surface of the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement is 5-12.5 mm; the farm implement soil-contacting part is a subsoiler arm;
the preparation method of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure comprises the steps of combining a ribbed geometric structure on the surface of a bionic scallop, taking iron-based alloy powder as a raw material, and carrying out spray welding on the surface to be subjected to spray welding by adopting a plasma spray welding method according to the size parameters of the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure to obtain the ribbed bionic resistance-reducing wear-resistant structure; the iron-based alloy powder is prepared by mixing and grinding pure metal powders of Fe, cr, ni, C, si, B, la, ce and Pr, which have the purity of more than 99.9%, according to the mass ratio of (5); in the plasma spray welding method, an input power supply is AC220V, the flow of ionic gas is 0.2-0.3L/min, the flow of powder feeding gas is 0.2-0.3L/min, the flow of protective gas is 3L/min, ionized gas, powder feeding gas and protective gas are all pure argon, the powder feeding amount of a powder feeder is 10-50 g/min, the distance between a welding gun and a surface to be spray welded is 7mm, and the walking speed of the welding gun is 1.5mm/s.
2. The application of the ribbed bionic drag-reducing wear-resistant structure on the surface of a soil-contacting part of an agricultural implement according to claim 1, wherein the surface to be spray-welded is wiped by alcohol to remove dirt and oil stains on the surface before spray welding, and then the surface to be spray-welded is ground by 80-mesh, 240-mesh and 400-mesh abrasive paper in sequence to remove oxide scales and burrs on the surface until the surface to be spray-welded is ground to have the roughness of Ra0.8-Ra1.6.
3. The application of the ribbed bionic drag-reducing wear-resistant structure on the surface of a soil-contacting part of an agricultural implement according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the iron-based alloy powder is heated for 2 hours at 120 ℃ before spray welding and is dried for standby application.
4. The application of the ribbed bionic drag-reducing wear-resistant structure on the surface of a soil contact part of an agricultural implement according to claim 3, wherein the cross section of the ribs of the ribbed bionic drag-reducing wear-resistant structure is arc-shaped, the width of the contact surface of the ribs and a substrate is 5mm, and the height of the highest part of the arc-shaped ribs is 1.3mm.
5. The application of the ribbed bionic drag-reducing wear-resisting structure on the surface of the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement according to claim 4, wherein the distribution pitch of the ribbed monomers of the ribbed bionic drag-reducing wear-resisting structure on the surface of the soil-contacting part of the agricultural implement is 7.5mm.
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