CN108605709A - A kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings - Google Patents

A kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108605709A
CN108605709A CN201810315297.9A CN201810315297A CN108605709A CN 108605709 A CN108605709 A CN 108605709A CN 201810315297 A CN201810315297 A CN 201810315297A CN 108605709 A CN108605709 A CN 108605709A
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China
Prior art keywords
grafting
watermelon
river sand
seed
pumpkin
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CN201810315297.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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陈巧鑫
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Dongfang Dongxin Agricultural Technology Development Co Ltd
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Dongfang Dongxin Agricultural Technology Development Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810315297.9A priority Critical patent/CN108605709A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30—Grafting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings, step includes immersion, vernalization, sow seeds, graft, managing after grafting, opens film fertilising, except folder emergence, process of wherein sowing seeds is equably to be sprinkling upon the seed after vernalization on river sand, the height that river sand covers seed is 5cm~6cm, river sand per 20kg is sowed seeds the seed of 1kg~1.5kg, and the water content of river sand is 12%~25%, and the clay content of river sand is 1.1%~1.9%, the temperature of river sand grows watermelon bud after being 25 DEG C~31 DEG C, 5 days~6 days.By improving the river sand used in the process of sowing seeds, the survival rate of Grafting watermelon is effectively increased so that the survival rate after Grafting watermelon is up to 91% or more.

Description

A kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings
Technical field
The present invention relates to Grafting watermelon technical field of cultivation more particularly to a kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
Technology on Grafting watermelon to pumpkin has been universal ripe agricultural technology at present, suitable for being widely applied, Planting cost is reduced, economic benefit is significantly improved.After it mainly has benefited from Grafting watermelon, it is effectively prevent droop, is got bumper crops Stable yields improves the cold resistance of plant, promotes grafting early growth, saves fertilizer etc..In current technology, due to not considering The matching degree sowed seeds with watermelon using the parameter of river sand, it is still to be improved in terms of the survival rate of the time of emergence and emergence.
Invention content
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings, efficiently solve when emerging in the prior art Between the long technical problem low with shoot survival percent is gone out.
The technological means that the present invention uses is as follows：A kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings, includes the following steps：
1) it impregnates：Watermelon seed is stirred with warm water and is cleaned, adds cold water to impregnate after outwelling warm water, the temperature of warm water is 50 DEG C ~55 DEG C, cold water temperature is 10 DEG C~15 DEG C, and mixing time is 5min~10min, and soaking time is 8h~10h.
2) vernalization：Watermelon seed after immersion is put into insulating box, gauze is covered and carries out vernalization, the temperature of insulating box is 25 DEG C~31 DEG C, germination time is 10h~12h.
3) it sows seeds：Seed after vernalization is equably sprinkling upon on river sand, the height that river sand covers seed is 5cm~6cm, often The river sand of 20kg is sowed seeds the seed of 1kg~1.5kg, and the water content of river sand is 12%~25%, and the clay content of river sand is 1.1%~ 1.9%, the temperature of river sand grows watermelon bud after being 25 DEG C~31 DEG C, 5 days~6 days.
4) it grafts：It is grafted after watermelon bud up to 5cm~8cm, grafting takes the method for plant propagation with cutting, pumpkin seedling to grow to a leaf wholeheartedly Or two leaf wholeheartedly, insert pumpkin seedling with grafting needle and be formed centrally grafting inclined-plane, then watermelon is cut into corresponding inclined-plane with blade, then Watermelon bud cutting is entered in the minds of pumpkin seedling, is finally clamped at grafting with Grafting clip, folder face is vertical with graft union.
5) managing after grafting：Managing after grafting includes leaf-cutting, pinching, isothermal holding, wherein：
A, leaf-cutting：To being cut out processing at any time to the cushaw leaf during emerging after grafting, using manually puncturing 1/2 Above leaf.
B, pinching：To carrying out pinching processing at any time to the pumpkin seedling during emerging after grafting.
C, sunshading and thermal insulating：Daytime carries out sunshade using sunshade net to pumpkin seedling, while using film to the pumpkin after grafting Seedling is covered, and keeps the temperature of environment at 25 DEG C~28 DEG C, 95% or more relative air humidity, the sunshading and thermal insulating time is 3 days ~5 days.
6) film fertilising is opened：Film is raised, is applied fertilizer to pumpkin seedling, apply fertilizer 1.2kg~1.5kg per acre, by quality hundred Divide than counting, the component content in fertilizer is：T-N ＞ 15%, P2O5＞ 15%, K2O ＞ 15%, chloride ion content ＜ 0.05%, Shi Ji It sprinkles water after fertilizer, sprinkle water 500kg~600kg per acre, continues to sprinkle water after water on leaf is dry, 1 watering 3 times of often applying fertilizer~ 4 times, fertilizer application frequency is 2 times~4 times, and fertilization time is 2 days~4 days.
7) folder emergence is removed：Remove Grafting clip, watermelon bud grow to a leaf wholeheartedly or two leaves wholeheartedly when can emerge.
Preferably, in the step 3), the pH value of the river sand is 5~7, grain size is 0.5mm~2mm.
Preferably, in step 4), the breeding method of pumpkin seedling includes the following steps before grafting：
1) processing of seed：Pumpkin Seed steeps 6~15min with 50 DEG C~60 DEG C of hot water, is then cooled to 25 DEG C~30 DEG C, continue to impregnate 8h~12h.
2) vernalization：It will impregnate and carried out vernalization at a temperature of Pumpkin Seed is placed on 25 DEG C~30 DEG C, sprouted within 2~3 days.
3) it sows：Pumpkin bud is placed in seedling medium and is sowed, the parameter of earthing 2mm~3mm, seedling medium are： Organic matter+humic acid >=50%, pH value 5.5~6.5, total nutrient 3.5%~4%, total porosity 60%~80%, EC values 2ms/ Cm~3ms/cm, air water porosity are than 1:3~4.
4) managing after sowing：Control growth temperature at 20 DEG C~30 DEG C, leak informaton hydrofuge in time, pumpkin bud grow to a leaf wholeheartedly or Two leaves wholeheartedly when using the leaf for manually puncturing 1/2 or more.
Using a kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings provided by the present invention, by improving the river sand used in the process of sowing seeds, Effectively increase the survival rate of Grafting watermelon so that the survival rate after Grafting watermelon is up to 91% or more.
Specific implementation mode
The principles and features of the present invention are described below, and illustrated embodiment is served only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to Limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings, specifically includes following steps：
1) it impregnates：Watermelon seed is stirred with warm water and is cleaned, adds cold water to impregnate after outwelling warm water, the temperature of warm water is 50 DEG C, cold water temperature is 10 DEG C, mixing time 5min, soaking time 8h.
2) vernalization：Watermelon seed after immersion is put into insulating box, gauze is covered and carries out vernalization, the temperature of insulating box is 25 DEG C, germination time 10h.
3) it sows seeds：Seed after vernalization is equably sprinkling upon on river sand, the height that river sand covers seed is 5cm, per 20kg River sand sow seeds the seed of 1kg, the water content of river sand is 15%, and the clay content of river sand is 1.5%, and the temperature of river sand is 25 DEG C, 5 Watermelon bud is grown after it.
4) it grafts：It is grafted after watermelon bud up to 5cm, the method for plant propagation with cutting is taken in grafting, and pumpkin seedling is grown to a leaf wholeheartedly, with transferring It connects the slotting pumpkin seedling of needle and is formed centrally grafting inclined-plane, then watermelon is cut into corresponding inclined-plane with blade, watermelon bud cutting is then entered into south It in the minds of melon seedling, is finally clamped at grafting with Grafting clip, folder face is vertical with graft union.
5) managing after grafting：Managing after grafting includes leaf-cutting, pinching, isothermal holding, wherein：
A, leaf-cutting：To being cut out processing at any time to the cushaw leaf during emerging after grafting, using manually puncturing 1/2 Above leaf.
B, pinching：To carrying out pinching processing at any time to the pumpkin seedling during emerging after grafting.
C, sunshading and thermal insulating：Daytime carries out sunshade using sunshade net to pumpkin seedling, while using film to the pumpkin after grafting Seedling is covered, and keeps the temperature of environment at 25 DEG C, 95% or more relative air humidity, the sunshading and thermal insulating time is 4 days.
6) film fertilising is opened：Film is raised, is applied fertilizer to pumpkin seedling, apply fertilizer 1.2kg per acre, by mass percentage, Component content in fertilizer is：T-N ＞ 15%, P2O5＞ 15%, K2O ＞ 15%, chloride ion content ＜ 0.05%, in the present embodiment Fertilizer use the happy compound fertilizer potassium sulfate type 15-15-15 (dealers of refined Ran seedlings：Refined Ran commerce and trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.), Shi Ji It sprinkles water after fertilizer, sprinkle water 550kg per acre, continues to sprinkle water after water on leaf is dry, often applies fertilizer 1 time and sprinkles water 3 times, so repeats Fertilizer application frequency is 2 times, and fertilization time is 2 days.
7) folder emergence is removed：Remove Grafting clip, watermelon bud can emerge when growing to a leaf wholeheartedly.
Carry out watermelon seedling grafting as stated above, at the 15th day or so, watermelon bud was grown to a leaf wholeheartedly, rough Statistics at Motility rate is 92% or so.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings, specifically includes following steps：
1) it impregnates：Watermelon seed is stirred with warm water and is cleaned, adds cold water to impregnate after outwelling warm water, the temperature of warm water is 52 DEG C, cold water temperature is 13 DEG C, mixing time 8min, soaking time 9h.
2) vernalization：Watermelon seed after immersion is put into insulating box, gauze is covered and carries out vernalization, the temperature of insulating box is 28 DEG C, germination time 11h.
3) it sows seeds：Seed after vernalization is equably sprinkling upon on river sand, the height that river sand covers seed is 6cm, per 20kg River sand sow seeds the seed of 1.2kg, the water content of river sand is 20%, and the clay content of river sand is 1.8%, and the temperature of river sand is 28 DEG C, watermelon bud is grown after 6 days.
4) it grafts：It is grafted after watermelon bud up to 7cm, the method for plant propagation with cutting is taken in grafting, and pumpkin seedling is grown to two leaves wholeheartedly, with transferring It connects the slotting pumpkin seedling of needle and is formed centrally grafting inclined-plane, then watermelon is cut into corresponding inclined-plane with blade, watermelon bud cutting is then entered into south It in the minds of melon seedling, is finally clamped at grafting with Grafting clip, folder face is vertical with graft union.
5) managing after grafting：Managing after grafting includes leaf-cutting, pinching, isothermal holding, wherein：
A, leaf-cutting：To being cut out processing at any time to the cushaw leaf during emerging after grafting, using manually puncturing 1/2 Above leaf.
B, pinching：To carrying out pinching processing at any time to the pumpkin seedling during emerging after grafting.
C, sunshading and thermal insulating：Daytime carries out sunshade using sunshade net to pumpkin seedling, while using film to the pumpkin after grafting Seedling is covered, and keeps the temperature of environment at 26 DEG C, 95% or more relative air humidity, the sunshading and thermal insulating time is 5 days.
6) film fertilising is opened：Film is raised, is applied fertilizer to pumpkin seedling, apply fertilizer 1.4kg per acre, by mass percentage, Component content in fertilizer is：T-N ＞ 15%, P2O5＞ 15%, K2O ＞ 15%, chloride ion content ＜ 0.05%, in the present embodiment Fertilizer use the happy compound fertilizer potassium sulfate type 15-15-15 (dealers of refined Ran seedlings：Refined Ran commerce and trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.), Shi Ji It sprinkles water after fertilizer, sprinkle water 580kg per acre, continues to sprinkle water after water on leaf is dry, often applies fertilizer 1 time and sprinkles water 4 times, so repeats Fertilizer application frequency is 3 times, and fertilization time is 3 days.
7) folder emergence is removed：Remove Grafting clip, watermelon bud can emerge when growing to two leaves wholeheartedly.
Carry out watermelon seedling grafting as stated above, at the 17th day or so, watermelon bud was grown to two leaves wholeheartedly, rough Statistics at Motility rate is 92% or so.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings, specifically includes following steps：
1) it impregnates：Watermelon seed is stirred with warm water and is cleaned, adds cold water to impregnate after outwelling warm water, the temperature of warm water is 55 DEG C, cold water temperature is 15 DEG C, mixing time 10min, soaking time 10h.
2) vernalization：Watermelon seed after immersion is put into insulating box, gauze is covered and carries out vernalization, the temperature of insulating box is 30 DEG C, germination time 12h.
3) it sows seeds：Seed after vernalization is equably sprinkling upon on river sand, the height that river sand covers seed is 6cm, per 20kg River sand sow seeds the seed of 1.5kg, the water content of river sand is 25%, and the clay content of river sand is 1.9%, and the temperature of river sand is 30 DEG C, pH value 6, grain size 1mm grow watermelon bud after 6 days.
4) it grafts：It is grafted after watermelon bud up to 8cm, the method for plant propagation with cutting is taken in grafting, and pumpkin seedling is grown to two leaves wholeheartedly, with transferring It connects the slotting pumpkin seedling of needle and is formed centrally grafting inclined-plane, then watermelon is cut into corresponding inclined-plane with blade, watermelon bud cutting is then entered into south It in the minds of melon seedling, is finally clamped at grafting with Grafting clip, folder face is vertical with graft union.
5) managing after grafting：Managing after grafting includes leaf-cutting, pinching, isothermal holding, wherein：
A, leaf-cutting：To being cut out processing at any time to the cushaw leaf during emerging after grafting, using manually puncturing 1/2 Above leaf.
B, pinching：To carrying out pinching processing at any time to the pumpkin seedling during emerging after grafting.
C, sunshading and thermal insulating：Daytime carries out sunshade using sunshade net to pumpkin seedling, while using film to the pumpkin after grafting Seedling is covered, and keeps the temperature of environment at 28 DEG C, 95% or more relative air humidity, the sunshading and thermal insulating time is 5 days.
6) film fertilising is opened：Film is raised, is applied fertilizer to pumpkin seedling, apply fertilizer 1.5kg per acre, by mass percentage, Component content in fertilizer is：T-N ＞ 15%, P2O5＞ 15%, K2O ＞ 15%, chloride ion content ＜ 0.05%, in the present embodiment Fertilizer use the happy compound fertilizer potassium sulfate type 15-15-15 (dealers of refined Ran seedlings：Refined Ran commerce and trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.), Shi Ji It sprinkles water after fertilizer, sprinkle water 600kg per acre, continues to sprinkle water after water on leaf is dry, often applies fertilizer 1 time and sprinkles water 4 times, so repeats Fertilizer application frequency is 4 times, and fertilization time is 4 days.
7) folder emergence is removed：Remove Grafting clip, watermelon bud can emerge when growing to two leaves wholeheartedly.
Carry out watermelon seedling grafting as stated above, at the 20th day or so, watermelon bud was grown to two leaves wholeheartedly, rough Statistics at Motility rate is 91% or so.
Embodiment 4
A kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings, specifically includes following steps：
1) it impregnates：Watermelon seed is stirred with warm water and is cleaned, adds cold water to impregnate after outwelling warm water, the temperature of warm water is 53 DEG C, cold water temperature is 14 DEG C, mixing time 9min, soaking time 9h.
2) vernalization：Watermelon seed after immersion is put into insulating box, gauze is covered and carries out vernalization, the temperature of insulating box is 31 DEG C, germination time 11h.
3) it sows seeds：Seed after vernalization is equably sprinkling upon on river sand, the height that river sand covers seed is 5cm, per 20kg River sand sow seeds the seed of 1.1kg, the water content of river sand is 16%, and the clay content of river sand is 1.7%, and the temperature of river sand is 26 DEG C, pH value 7, grain size 1.5mm grow watermelon bud after 6 days.
4) it grafts：It is grafted after watermelon bud up to 7cm, the method for plant propagation with cutting is taken in grafting, and pumpkin seedling is grown to two leaves wholeheartedly, with transferring It connects the slotting pumpkin seedling of needle and is formed centrally grafting inclined-plane, then watermelon is cut into corresponding inclined-plane with blade, watermelon bud cutting is then entered into south It in the minds of melon seedling, is finally clamped at grafting with Grafting clip, folder face is vertical with graft union.Wherein, the breeding method of pumpkin seedling before grafting Include the following steps：
A) processing of seed：Pumpkin Seed steeps 10min with 55 DEG C of hot water, is then cooled to 26 DEG C, continues to impregnate 10h.
B) vernalization：It will impregnate and carried out vernalization at a temperature of Pumpkin Seed is placed on 28 DEG C, sprouted within 3 days.
C) it sows：Pumpkin bud is placed in seedling medium and is sowed, the parameter of earthing 2mm, seedling medium are：Organic matter + humic acid >=50%, pH value 5.5~6.5, total nutrient 3.5%~4%, total porosity 60%~80%, EC values 2ms/cm~ 3ms/cm, air water porosity are than 1:3~4, using golden field organic fertilizer-Novel seedling raising matrix (Changchun strong sprout peat in the present embodiment Science and Technology Ltd.'s production and sales).
D) managing after sowing：Growth temperature is controlled at 25 DEG C, leak informaton hydrofuge in time, and people is used when pumpkin bud is grown to two leaves wholeheartedly Work punctures 1/2 or more leaf, spare grafting.
5) managing after grafting：Managing after grafting includes leaf-cutting, pinching, isothermal holding, wherein：
A, leaf-cutting：To being cut out processing at any time to the cushaw leaf during emerging after grafting, using manually puncturing 1/2 Above leaf.
B, pinching：To carrying out pinching processing at any time to the pumpkin seedling during emerging after grafting.
C, sunshading and thermal insulating：Daytime carries out sunshade using sunshade net to pumpkin seedling, while using film to the pumpkin after grafting Seedling is covered, and keeps the temperature of environment at 25 DEG C, 95% or more relative air humidity, the sunshading and thermal insulating time is 4 days.
6) film fertilising is opened：Film is raised, is applied fertilizer to pumpkin seedling, apply fertilizer 1.4kg per acre, by mass percentage, Component content in fertilizer is：T-N ＞ 15%, P2O5＞ 15%, K2O ＞ 15%, chloride ion content ＜ 0.05%, in the present embodiment Fertilizer use the happy compound fertilizer potassium sulfate type 15-15-15 (dealers of refined Ran seedlings：Refined Ran commerce and trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.), Shi Ji It sprinkles water after fertilizer, sprinkle water 550kg per acre, continues to sprinkle water after water on leaf is dry, often applies fertilizer 1 time and sprinkles water 3 times, so repeats Fertilizer application frequency is 3 times, and fertilization time is 2 days.
7) folder emergence is removed：Remove Grafting clip, watermelon bud can emerge when growing to two leaves wholeheartedly.
Carry out watermelon seedling grafting as stated above, at the 15th day or so, watermelon bud was grown to two leaves wholeheartedly, rough Statistics at Motility rate is 95% or so.
Embodiment 5
A kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings, specifically includes following steps：
1) it impregnates：Watermelon seed is stirred with warm water and is cleaned, adds cold water to impregnate after outwelling warm water, the temperature of warm water is 50 DEG C, cold water temperature is 10 DEG C, mixing time 6min, soaking time 10h.
2) vernalization：Watermelon seed after immersion is put into insulating box, gauze is covered and carries out vernalization, the temperature of insulating box is 25 DEG C, germination time 10h.
3) it sows seeds：Seed after vernalization is equably sprinkling upon on river sand, the height that river sand covers seed is 5cm, per 20kg River sand sow seeds the seed of 1kg, the water content of river sand is 14%, and the clay content of river sand is 1.4%, and the temperature of river sand is 25 DEG C, PH value is 6.5, grain size 1.2mm, and watermelon bud is grown after 5 days.
4) it grafts：It is grafted after watermelon bud up to 6cm, the method for plant propagation with cutting is taken in grafting, and pumpkin seedling is grown to two leaves wholeheartedly, with transferring It connects the slotting pumpkin seedling of needle and is formed centrally grafting inclined-plane, then watermelon is cut into corresponding inclined-plane with blade, watermelon bud cutting is then entered into south It in the minds of melon seedling, is finally clamped at grafting with Grafting clip, folder face is vertical with graft union.Wherein, the breeding method of pumpkin seedling before grafting Include the following steps：
A) processing of seed：Pumpkin Seed steeps 12min with 50 DEG C of hot water, is then cooled to 25 DEG C, continues to impregnate 8h.
B) vernalization：It will impregnate and carried out vernalization at a temperature of Pumpkin Seed is placed on 25 DEG C, sprouted within 2 days.
C) it sows：Pumpkin bud is placed in seedling medium and is sowed, the parameter of earthing 3mm, seedling medium are：Organic matter + humic acid >=50%, pH value 5.5~6.5, total nutrient 3.5%~4%, total porosity 60%~80%, EC values 2ms/cm~ 3ms/cm, air water porosity are than 1:3~4, using golden field organic fertilizer-Novel seedling raising matrix (Changchun strong sprout peat in the present embodiment Science and Technology Ltd.'s production and sales).
D) managing after sowing：Growth temperature is controlled at 28 DEG C, leak informaton hydrofuge in time, and people is used when pumpkin bud is grown to two leaves wholeheartedly Work punctures 1/2 or more leaf, spare grafting.
5) managing after grafting：Managing after grafting includes leaf-cutting, pinching, isothermal holding, wherein：
A, leaf-cutting：To being cut out processing at any time to the cushaw leaf during emerging after grafting, using manually puncturing 1/2 Above leaf.
B, pinching：To carrying out pinching processing at any time to the pumpkin seedling during emerging after grafting.
C, sunshading and thermal insulating：Daytime carries out sunshade using sunshade net to pumpkin seedling, while using film to the pumpkin after grafting Seedling is covered, and keeps the temperature of environment at 26 DEG C, 95% or more relative air humidity, the sunshading and thermal insulating time is 4 days.
6) film fertilising is opened：Film is raised, is applied fertilizer to pumpkin seedling, apply fertilizer 1.3kg per acre, by mass percentage, Component content in fertilizer is：T-N ＞ 15%, P2O5＞ 15%, K2O ＞ 15%, chloride ion content ＜ 0.05%, in the present embodiment Fertilizer use the happy compound fertilizer potassium sulfate type 15-15-15 (dealers of refined Ran seedlings：Refined Ran commerce and trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.), Shi Ji It sprinkles water after fertilizer, sprinkle water 560kg per acre, continues to sprinkle water after water on leaf is dry, often applies fertilizer 1 time and sprinkles water 4 times, so repeats Fertilizer application frequency is 2 times, and fertilization time is 3 days.
7) folder emergence is removed：Remove Grafting clip, watermelon bud can emerge when growing to two leaves wholeheartedly.
Carry out watermelon seedling grafting as stated above, at the 16th day or so, watermelon bud was grown to two leaves wholeheartedly, rough Statistics at Motility rate is 95% or so.
The case where integrated embodiment 5, it is 25 DEG C to keep the temperature of the river sand of other parameters and river sand, pH value 6.5, grain Diameter is that 1.2mm is constant, is compared in the process using the clay content of different river sands and water content to sowing seeds for embodiment 5 below Experiment finds river sand clay content less than 12% or higher than 25% and when the water content of river sand is less than 1.1% or higher than 1.9%, Whole graft survival rate is not high, is generally less than 85%.Among these mainly since the environment of watermelon required when sowing seeds is unsuitable Overly moist, and clay content number determine trace element (calcium, magnesium, boron etc.) that river sand contains, the nutrition of watermelon seedling budding and Environmental condition is good, plays the role of to subsequent grafting work effective.
Two seed manure of compound fertilizer that pumpkin seedling uses after the organic fertilizer of the nursery of pumpkin seedling and grafting before grafting Nutritional ingredient matching degree is higher, is conducive to the preceding production with the pumpkin seedling after grafting of grafting, to the survival rate of watermelon seedling after grafting There is certain help.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention With within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included within the scope of protection of the invention god.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1) it impregnates：Watermelon seed is stirred with warm water and is cleaned, adds cold water to impregnate after outwelling warm water, the temperature of warm water is 50 DEG C~55 DEG C, cold water temperature is 10 DEG C~15 DEG C, and mixing time is 5min~10min, and soaking time is 8h~10h；
2) vernalization：Watermelon seed after immersion is put into insulating box, gauze is covered and carries out vernalization, the temperature of insulating box is 25 DEG C~ 31 DEG C, germination time is 10h~12h；
3) it sows seeds：Seed after vernalization is equably sprinkling upon on river sand, the height that river sand covers seed is 5cm~6cm, per 20kg River sand sow seeds the seed of 1kg~1.5kg, the water content of river sand is 12%~25%, the clay content of river sand is 1.1%~ 1.9%, the temperature of river sand grows watermelon bud after being 25 DEG C~31 DEG C, 5 days~6 days；
4) it grafts：It is grafted after watermelon bud up to 5cm~8cm, the method for plant propagation with cutting is taken in grafting, and pumpkin seedling is grown to a leaf wholeheartedly or two Wholeheartedly, with grafting needle insert pumpkin seedling is formed centrally grafting inclined-plane to leaf, then watermelon is cut into corresponding inclined-plane with blade, then will be western Melon bud cutting enters in the minds of pumpkin seedling, is finally clamped at grafting with Grafting clip, and folder face is vertical with graft union；
5) managing after grafting：Managing after grafting includes leaf-cutting, pinching, isothermal holding, wherein：
A, leaf-cutting：To being cut out processing at any time to the cushaw leaf during emerging after grafting, using manually puncturing 1/2 or more Leaf；
B, pinching：To carrying out pinching processing at any time to the pumpkin seedling during emerging after grafting；
C, sunshading and thermal insulating：Daytime using sunshade net to pumpkin seedling carry out sunshade, while using film to the pumpkin seedling after grafting into Row covering keeps the temperature of environment at 25 DEG C~28 DEG C, and 95% or more relative air humidity, the sunshading and thermal insulating time is 3 days~5 It；
6) film fertilising is opened：Film is raised, is applied fertilizer to pumpkin seedling, apply fertilizer 1.2kg~1.5kg per acre, by mass percentage It counts, the component content in fertilizer is：T-N ＞ 15%, P2O5＞ 15%, K2O ＞ 15%, chloride ion content ＜ 0.05%, after basal dressing It sprinkles water, sprinkle water 500kg~600kg per acre, continues to sprinkle water after water on leaf is dry, often applies fertilizer 1 time and sprinkles water 3 times~4 times, Fertilizer application frequency is 2 times~4 times, and fertilization time is 2 days~4 days；
7) folder emergence is removed：Remove Grafting clip, watermelon bud grow to a leaf wholeheartedly or two leaves wholeheartedly when can emerge.
2. a kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 4), south before grafting The breeding method of melon seedling includes the following steps：
1) processing of seed：Pumpkin Seed steeps 6~15min with 50 DEG C~60 DEG C of hot water, is then cooled to 25 DEG C~30 DEG C, after It is continuous to impregnate 8h~12h；
2) vernalization：It will impregnate and carried out vernalization at a temperature of Pumpkin Seed is placed on 25 DEG C~30 DEG C, sprouted within 2~3 days；
3) it sows：Pumpkin bud is placed in seedling medium and is sowed, the parameter of earthing 2mm~3mm, seedling medium are：It is organic Matter+humic acid >=50%, pH value 5.5~6.5, total nutrient 3.5%~4%, total porosity 60%~80%, EC values 2ms/cm~ 3ms/cm, air water porosity are than 1:3~4；
4) managing after sowing：Growth temperature is controlled at 20 DEG C~30 DEG C, leak informaton hydrofuge in time, and pumpkin bud is grown to a leaf wholeheartedly or two leaves Using the leaf for manually puncturing 1/2 or more when wholeheartedly.
3. a kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 3), the river sand PH value be 5~7, grain size is 0.5mm~2mm.
CN201810315297.9A 2018-04-10 2018-04-10 A kind of Grafting watermelon method for culturing seedlings Pending CN108605709A (en)

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Application publication date: 20181002