CN108602324A - 制造具有薄玻璃质玻璃板的弯曲的复合玻璃质玻璃板的方法 - Google Patents

制造具有薄玻璃质玻璃板的弯曲的复合玻璃质玻璃板的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108602324A
CN108602324A CN201780003130.2A CN201780003130A CN108602324A CN 108602324 A CN108602324 A CN 108602324A CN 201780003130 A CN201780003130 A CN 201780003130A CN 108602324 A CN108602324 A CN 108602324A
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Prior art keywords
glass
glass plate
nature
plate
supporting mould
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CN201780003130.2A
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CN108602324B (zh
Inventor
S.吉尔
S.吕克
U.范德莫伊伦
I.冯德魏登
R.布罗克
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
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    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10119—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having a composition deviating from the basic composition of soda-lime glass, e.g. borosilicate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
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    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
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    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/006—Transparent parts other than made from inorganic glass, e.g. polycarbonate glazings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及制造复合玻璃质玻璃板的方法，其至少包括：将厚度为小于或等于1 mm的第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)铺到支承模具(4)上，其中第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)弯曲成由支承模具(4)规定的形状；将至少一个热塑性薄膜(3)铺到第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)上；将厚度为大于或等于1.5 mm的弯曲的第二玻璃质玻璃板(2)铺到热塑性薄膜(3)上；并通过层压将第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)与第二玻璃质玻璃板(2)通过热塑性薄膜(3)接合成复合玻璃质玻璃板。

Description

制造具有薄玻璃质玻璃板的弯曲的复合玻璃质玻璃板的方法
本发明涉及制造弯曲的复合玻璃质玻璃板的方法，用其制造的复合玻璃质玻璃板及其用途。
复合玻璃质玻璃板作为车辆玻璃，特别是作为挡风玻璃或顶玻璃是常见的。其由通过热塑性中间层相互接合的两个玻璃质玻璃板构成。玻璃质玻璃板的典型厚度在传统复合玻璃质玻璃板中为大约2 mm。车辆领域中的玻璃通常是弯曲的。传统复合玻璃质玻璃板的相对厚的单玻璃质玻璃板在此首先加热到软化温度并弯曲。凝固后，其具有形状稳定的弯曲，并然后层压成复合玻璃质玻璃板。为了使两个要接合的玻璃质玻璃板的形状最佳地相互匹配，它们可以成对相互叠置地、同时一致地弯曲。此类弯曲法例如由EP 1 836 136A1、EP 1 358 131 A1、EP 2 463 247 A1和EP 2 463 248 A1已知。
为了降低玻璃重量，努力减小单玻璃质玻璃板的厚度，但尽管如此必须满足对车辆玻璃板稳定性和断裂强度的要求。因此，越来越多地建议具有厚度为小于1.5 mm或甚至小于1 mm的薄玻璃质玻璃板的复合玻璃质玻璃板。仅示例性地可在此参阅EP 2 421 704A1、US 7 070 863 B2、DE 3 919 290 A1、WO 2015/058885 A1、WO 2015/158464 A1和WO2016/091435 A1。为了提高稳定性，薄玻璃质玻璃板可以是化学预加应力的。
薄玻璃质玻璃板的使用使得与其匹配的制造法是必需的。薄玻璃质玻璃板的传统弯曲通常困难。一方面，薄玻璃质玻璃板在操作时易破碎，另一方面它们通常具有高软化温度的化学组成，这使得弯曲是能量密集的。如果应将薄和厚的玻璃质玻璃板相互层压，则它们此外通常具有不同组成，其中对于厚的玻璃质玻璃板使用流行且便宜的钠钙玻璃，相反，对于薄玻璃质玻璃板使用就适合于化学预加应力而言被选择的玻璃组合物。与此相伴的这两个玻璃板的不同软化温度使得成对弯曲是困难或不可能的。
但是，薄的玻璃质玻璃板在室温下就已柔性，以使得它们可以在层压时直接冷弯曲，并可以省去上述弯曲成形状稳定的形状。但是，如果所述玻璃质玻璃板和中间层简单地相互堆叠，则由玻璃板的不相互匹配的形状和冷弯曲的薄玻璃质玻璃板的回复力而产生在整面上不恒定的接触压力（Anpressdruck）。这降低复合玻璃的品质，其倾向于光学缺陷和脱层。
本发明的目的基于，提供制造具有薄玻璃质玻璃板的弯曲的复合玻璃质玻璃板的改进的方法。在此应省去薄玻璃质玻璃板的热弯曲，但仍确保高的光学品质和机械接合稳定性。
根据本发明，本发明的目的通过根据独立权利要求1的制造复合玻璃质玻璃板的方法实现。优选的实施方式来自从属权利要求。
要制造的复合玻璃质玻璃板被是设置用于将内室，特别是车辆内室与外部环境分开。其因此是窗户玻璃板，其被设置用于装入窗户开口，特别是车辆车身的窗户开口中 。其是弯曲的并包括第一玻璃质玻璃板和第二玻璃质玻璃板，它们通过热塑性中间层相互接合。第一玻璃质玻璃板在此是厚度最多1 mm的薄的玻璃质玻璃板。第二玻璃质玻璃板的厚度为大于或等于1.5 mm，这对于传统复合玻璃而言是常见。较厚的第二玻璃质玻璃板在传统上预弯曲成其最终形状。为此，将其加热至至少其软化温度并然后变形，即热弯曲。相反，薄的第一玻璃质玻璃板不预弯曲（在热弯曲的意义上），而是在布置要层压的层堆叠体时在明显低于其软化温度下由其平面的起始状态通过机械压力变成所需的弯曲形状，即冷弯曲。在此，根据本发明，通过使用支承模具来确保预定形状和在层堆叠体内均匀的接触压力。该支承模具预定所需弯曲，并对抗薄的弹性玻璃质玻璃板的回复力，由此可以可靠地操作该层堆叠体并将其以高光学和机械品质层压。
本发明的方法至少包括下列方法步骤：
- 将厚度为小于或等于1 mm的第一玻璃质玻璃板铺到支承模具上，其中第一玻璃质玻璃板冷弯曲成由该支承模具规定的形状；
- 将至少一个热塑性薄膜铺到第一玻璃质玻璃板上；
- 将厚度为大于或等于1.5 mm的弯曲的第二玻璃质玻璃板铺到该热塑性薄膜上；并
- 通过层压将第一玻璃质玻璃板与第二玻璃质玻璃板通过热塑性薄膜接合成复合玻璃质玻璃板。
以面对面（flächig）全等的方式铺设所述玻璃质玻璃板和薄膜，但也可以使用大于该玻璃质玻璃板且突出超过其的热塑性薄膜，并将该薄膜的突出部分在层压之后剪去。该方法步骤优选以所示次序进行。但是，也可以设想改变。例如可以首先将热塑性薄膜铺到第一玻璃质玻璃板上，然后将两者共同地以朝下的第一玻璃质玻璃板铺到支承模具上。同样可以将第二玻璃质玻璃板铺到热塑性中间层上，并随后将两者以朝下的热塑性薄膜放到位于支承模具上的第一玻璃质玻璃板上。当然，由第一玻璃质玻璃板、热塑性薄膜和第二玻璃质玻璃板制成的整个层堆叠体必须布置在所述支承模具上，然后将其进一步操作并最终层压。
所述支承模具根据本发明预定复合玻璃质玻璃板的所需的最终形状。其具有弯曲的接触面或撑开弯曲面的接触点，其中该接触面或撑开的面的弯曲对应于复合玻璃质玻璃板的所需的弯曲。第一玻璃质玻璃板和热塑性薄膜紧贴所述接触面或接触点，并因此变成所需形状。因为第一玻璃质玻璃板的这种弯曲在明显低于其软化温度下并优选在环境温度下在没有主动加热的情况下发生，该弯曲操作被称为冷弯曲。由于薄玻璃质玻璃板的柔性和弹性性质，可以冷弯曲而无玻璃破碎。
所述支承模具基本上可以被设计为凹形或凸形，但优选被设计为凸形。这意味着，支承模具的接触面或者由接触点撑开的面为凸形，以使得第一玻璃质玻璃板的朝向支承模具的表面凹形弯曲，且第一玻璃质玻璃板的背离支承模具的表面凸形弯曲。通过凸形支承模具，因此制造如下的复合玻璃质玻璃板，其中薄第一玻璃质玻璃板的背离中间层的表面凹形成型，且较厚第二玻璃质玻璃板的背离中间层的表面凸形成型。因为常见的车辆玻璃具有凸形的外侧表面和凹形的内室侧表面，该凸形支承模具因此实现如下的复合玻璃质玻璃板，其中薄第一玻璃质玻璃板是内玻璃板且较厚第二玻璃质玻璃板是外玻璃板，这通常出于击石-和刮擦强度的原因是优选的。但是替代地，也可以在使用凹形支承模具的情况下制造其中外玻璃板是薄第一玻璃质玻璃板的复合玻璃质玻璃板，如果这应被希望时。在本发明的意义上，外玻璃板是指被设置用于在安装位置中朝向外部环境的玻璃质玻璃板。内玻璃板是指被设置用于在安装位置中朝向内室的玻璃质玻璃板。术语外侧和内室侧应同样理解。
第二玻璃质玻璃板在铺到支承模具上时已基本上具有其最终的弯曲形状。为此，将第二玻璃质玻璃板事先在其初始平面起始状态中至少加热到软化温度、弯曲并冷却至凝固。为此合适的是所有常见玻璃弯曲法，例如重力-、压制-或抽吸弯曲。第二玻璃质玻璃板的弯曲基本上对应于支承模具的接触面的弯曲。
可以仅在压力作用下，仅通过第二玻璃质玻璃板的重力或额外地通过以机械方式从上施加的压力，使第一玻璃质玻璃板紧贴支承模具。在一个特别有利的实施方式中，第一玻璃质玻璃板通过将负压施加到支承模具上而被吸住，并由此弯曲。为此，该支承模具必须配备有用于产生负压的工具或适当地可连接。在此，负压表示小于环境压力的压力。这可以就操作或处理速度而言是有利的。
本发明的支承模具可以以各种类型设计。在一个优选的实施方式中，所述支承模具具有用于第一玻璃质玻璃板的铺设面（Auflagefläche）。当第一玻璃质玻璃板铺到支承模具上时，则其基本上整面与铺设面接触。玻璃板的区域，例如突出超过该铺设面的边缘区域或布置在该铺设面的断口（Unterbrechung）上方的玻璃板区域，可以排除与铺设面接触。此类断口可以例如通过该铺设面中的缺口、孔隙或通孔而产生，该支承模具优选具有它们以将抽吸作用施加到第一玻璃质玻璃板上并将其吸到弯曲的铺设面上以进行冷弯曲。这些孔隙与用于产生负压的工具连接，通过该工具产生抽吸作用。优选地，该玻璃板表面的至少80 %或甚至至少90 %与所述铺设面接触。该铺设面可以是装垫料的（gepolstert），例如通过涂层或由织物制成的涂覆物。
在另一个优选实施方式中，所述支承模具具有多个铺设钉，在其上基本上点状地铺设第一玻璃质玻璃板。该支承模具此时不具有真正意义上的接触面，而是多个接触点，其撑开弯曲面，该弯曲面对应于冷弯曲的玻璃质玻璃板的形状。这些接触点通过玻璃质玻璃板与接触钉的朝上的端部的接触来形成。它们当然不是严格数学意义上的点，而是具有有限的大小，以使得每个接触钉具有优选最多10 cm2，特别优选最多4 cm2的小的接触面。但是，所有接触面的总和远远小于玻璃质玻璃板的大小。与铺设钉直接接触的玻璃质玻璃板表面的比例为例如小于10 %。这些铺设钉可以具有开口，通过所述开口可以将抽吸作用转移到玻璃质玻璃板上以将其吸到该铺设钉上。
所述铺设钉的数量和距离可以由本领域技术人员根据玻璃板弯曲的复杂度而适当选择。例如，在具有相对简单弯曲的玻璃板的情况下，少量铺设钉足够，而具有小的局部曲率半径和多个不同弯曲区域的较复杂的弯曲可以通过较大量铺设钉来实现。优选地，所述支承模具应具有至少五个铺设钉，其中四个铺设钉分配到玻璃质玻璃板的角落区域，并且一个铺设钉分配到玻璃板中心。铺设钉的数量取决于每种情况中玻璃板的大小和几何，并且可以由本领域技术人员相应地选择。应使用足够的铺设钉，以使得不出现玻璃的局部抗弯曲（Gegenbiegung）。
在一个特别有利的实施方式中，所述铺设钉的至少两个，优选多个铺设钉，特别优选至少三个铺设钉，非常特别优选至少五个铺设钉是可以主动加热的。所述铺设钉可以此外例如配备有加热线圈。通过可加热的铺设钉，可以将铺上的层堆叠体在接触点的区域中加热。在合适温度下，可以因此通过热塑性薄膜实现两个玻璃质玻璃板的点状粘合。通过在两个点处粘合，该层堆叠体确保不滑动。更大量的可加热铺设钉进一步提高该层堆叠体的稳定性。在此可能有利的是，从上施加额外的机械接触压力。因此制造预层压体，其将所述支承模具上实现的层堆叠体构型固定。该层堆叠体可以然后从支承模具取出，并独立于该支承模具而任选在额外的加工步骤后层压成复合玻璃质玻璃板。
所述铺设钉相比于铺设面而言的优点在于，相同支承模具可以与各种玻璃板形状匹配，并因此可多样化使用。此外，在一个有利的实施方式中，所述铺设钉彼此独立地沿着其延伸方向可移动。由此可以改变其高度。同样有利的是，铺设钉的至少一部分或所有铺设钉被设计为在垂直于其延伸方向的平面中可移动。由此，使其在玻璃板上的相对位置变化，并且与要产生的复合玻璃质玻璃板的几何匹配。
因此在一个优选实施方式中，所述铺设钉是彼此独立地可移动的，更确切地说是在延伸方向上和/或垂直于其延伸方向。所述支承模具优选配备有用于移动铺设钉的工具，例如用于推移铺设钉的丝杠（Gewindespindel）或伺服电动机，或用于提升和降低铺设钉的机械、液压或气动工具。所述支承模具可以调节至玻璃板形状，这通过移动铺设钉以使得其接触点撑开对应于玻璃板形状的面来进行。所述铺设钉的移动可以手动或自动进行。例如可设想，在工业大规模制造中，将玻璃板的几何值读取到软件中，该软件本身控制铺设钉并将支承模具与玻璃板几何匹配。
在所述支承模具，特别是接触面或铺设钉的材料方面不存在限制，只要该支承模具的稳定性足以负担该层堆叠体。因为在该支承模具上不发生热弯曲，其也不必是耐热的。该材料因此可以由本领域技术人员在各种情况下自由选择。合适材料是例如金属或合金，如钢或铝，但也可以是木材或塑料。
薄的第一玻璃质玻璃板的厚度优选为0.2 mm至1.0 mm，特别优选0.4 mm至0.7mm。因此，薄的玻璃质玻璃板可以良好地冷弯曲。第一玻璃质玻璃板可以固化，以提高其破碎强度，这使得在冷弯曲时的操作更简单。因为具有这种小厚度的玻璃质玻璃板不可以或仅可以非常困难地热预加应力，该第一玻璃质玻璃板优选是化学预加应力的。
所述第一玻璃质玻璃板优选由可以良好化学预加应力的玻璃种类构成。该第一玻璃质玻璃板因此优选由铝硅酸盐玻璃，特别是由碱金属-铝硅酸盐玻璃制成。通过将较小的碱金属离子换成较大的碱金属离子（例如钠离子换成钾离子），进行化学预加应力，由此产生依赖于深度的压应力。通过将较小的碱金属离子换成较大的碱金属离子（例如钠-换成钾离子），进行化学预加应力，由此产生依赖于深度的压应力。此外，该玻璃种类的特征在于高的刮擦强度和硬度。
所述第二玻璃质玻璃板优选由作为窗户玻璃常见并因此广泛使用并相对成本有利的钠钙玻璃制成。但是原则上，第二玻璃质玻璃板也可以由其它玻璃种类制成。第二玻璃质玻璃板的厚度优选为1.5 mm至5 mm。具有这种厚度的第二玻璃板与薄的第一玻璃质玻璃板产生复合玻璃，其在其稳定性和总厚度方面适合作为车辆玻璃。
所述热塑性薄膜优选含有聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（PVB）、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯（EVA）或聚氨酯（PU），特别优选PVB。其优选具有0.2至2 mm，特别是0.5 mm至1.6 mm的厚度。
所述玻璃质玻璃板通过热塑性中间层的接合可以通过所有常见的层压法进行。该层压通常在温度、压力和/或真空的作用下进行。优选地，该层压包括将层堆叠体排气，其中施加负压以从玻璃质玻璃板和热塑性薄膜之间的间隙去除空气；和加热该层堆叠体，其中该热塑性薄膜软化并且建立与玻璃板表面的粘附接合。
为了排气，可以例如使用真空袋法，其中将层堆叠体布置在袋中，在其中然后产生负压。替代地，可以使用真空环法，其中侧边缘配备有环形软管，在其中产生负压。最终的粘附接合可以在高压釜中产生，在其中将经排气的层堆叠体优选加热并施以超压。
该层压可以在支承模具上进行，在该处使弯曲的形状稳定。但是，该玻璃板也可以从支承模具取出以层压，只要弯曲的形状通过其它措施稳定，例如通过上述的通过经加热的铺设钉的局部粘合。
本发明还包括通过本发明方法制造或可制造的复合玻璃质玻璃板，其包括厚度为小于或等于1 mm的第一玻璃质玻璃板和厚度为大于或等于1.5 mm的第二玻璃质玻璃板，它们通过至少一个热塑性薄膜接合。
本发明还包括用于制造本发明复合玻璃质玻璃板的装置，其包括规定该复合玻璃质玻璃板的所需最终形状的支承模具和用于层压该复合玻璃质玻璃板的工具。上述关于本发明方法阐述的有利实施方式同样适用于该装置。
本发明还包括通过本发明方法制造的复合玻璃质玻璃板作为车辆的窗户玻璃板，例如挡风玻璃、侧玻璃、后玻璃或顶玻璃的用途。在此，薄的第一玻璃质玻璃板优选形成该复合玻璃质玻璃板的内玻璃板并朝向车辆内室，而较厚的第二玻璃质玻璃板朝向外部环境。
下面借助附图和实施例更详细阐述本发明。所述附图是示意图并不按比例。该附图绝不限制本发明。
图1展示了具有铺上的第一玻璃质玻璃板的本发明支承模具的一个实施方式的俯视图，
图2展示了通过图1的支承模具的截面，
图3展示了具有铺上的第一玻璃质玻璃板的本发明支承模具的另一个实施方式的俯视图，
图4展示了通过图3的支承模具的截面，
图5展示了在层压前通过具有整个铺上的层堆叠体的图3的支承模具的截面，
图6借助流程图展示了本发明方法的一个实施例。
图1和图2各展示了本发明的支承模具4的一个实施方式的细节。支承模具4具有基本上整面的接触面，其仅通过小开口5中断。第一玻璃质玻璃板1布置在支承模具4的接触面上。第一玻璃质玻璃板1例如是0.6 mm厚的化学预加应力的铝硅酸盐玻璃的玻璃板。
支承模具4的凸形接触面具有曲度，其对应于所述复合玻璃质玻璃板的所需的曲度。第一玻璃质玻璃板1在起始状态下是平面的，由于其小厚度和与此关联的柔性而与接触面匹配，并在环境温度下在不经主动加热的情况下弯曲（冷弯曲）。
开口5可以与用于产生负压的工具，例如通风机或真空泵连接。由此可以产生抽吸作用，通过该抽吸作用使第一玻璃质玻璃板1吸在支承模具4的接触面上。
图3和图4各展示了本发明的支承模具4的另一个实施方式的细节。支承模具4在这一实施方式中不具有大面积的接触面，而是多个铺设钉6。铺设钉6的上端撑开弯曲面，其曲度对应于复合玻璃质玻璃板的所需的曲度。第一玻璃质玻璃板1基本上点状地铺在每个铺设钉6上，避免支承模具和玻璃质玻璃板1之间的大面积直接接触。
如果某些或所有铺设钉6是可加热的，则所述层堆叠体可以局部地在铺设点的区域中粘合。由此可以产生局部粘合，以使得产生一种预复合体，并且该层堆叠体以其弯曲形状是稳定的并可以从支承模具4取下。
通过铺设钉6的相互垂直推移，可以改变所述曲度。因此，可以使用相同的支承模具4来制造不同种类的复合玻璃质玻璃板。
图5展示了通过在如图4中的支承模具上用于层压的层堆叠体的截面。除了在铺设钉6上的第一玻璃质玻璃板1，该层堆叠体还包括第一玻璃质玻璃板1上的热塑性薄膜3和热塑性薄膜3上的第二玻璃质玻璃板2。热塑性薄膜3例如是0.76 mm厚的PVB-薄膜。第二玻璃质玻璃板2例如是2.1 mm厚的钠钙玻璃的玻璃板。第二玻璃质玻璃板2由于其厚度而对于能够冷弯曲而言不够柔性，因此已借助传统热弯曲法，例如借助压制弯曲而预弯曲成最终形状。
通过支承模具4，在层堆叠体内确保均匀的接触压力。随后的层压导致具有高光学品质且没有临界脱层倾向的复合玻璃质玻璃板。
图6借助流程图展示了制造复合玻璃质玻璃板的本发明方法的一个实施例。
附图标记列表：
(1)第一玻璃质玻璃板
(2)第二玻璃质玻璃板
(3)热塑性薄膜
(4)支承模具
(5)在支承模具4的铺设面上的开口
(6)支承模具4的铺设钉
A–A‘ 切割线
B–B‘ 切割线。

Claims (15)

1.制造复合玻璃质玻璃板的方法，其至少包括：
- 将厚度为小于或等于1 mm的第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)铺到支承模具(4)上，其中第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)弯曲成由支承模具(4)规定的形状；
- 将至少一个热塑性薄膜(3)铺到第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)上；
- 将厚度为大于或等于1.5 mm的弯曲的第二玻璃质玻璃板(2)铺到热塑性薄膜(3)上；并
- 通过层压将第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)与第二玻璃质玻璃板(2)通过热塑性薄膜(3)接合成复合玻璃质玻璃板。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其中支承模具(4)被设计为凸形。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其中支承模具(4)具有铺设面，第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)与其基本上整面接触。
4.根据权利要求1或2的方法，其中支承模具(4)具有多个铺设钉(6)，第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)基本上点状地铺在其上。
5.根据权利要求4的方法，其中支承模具(4)具有至少五个铺设钉(6)。
6.根据权利要求4或5的方法，其中至少两个铺设钉(6)是可加热的。
7.根据权利要求4至6任一项的方法，其中铺设钉(6)彼此独立地可移动。
8.根据权利要求1至7任一项的方法，其中第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)通过将负压施加到所述支承模具上被吸住并且由此弯曲。
9.根据权利要求1至8任一项的方法，其中第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)是化学预加应力的。
10.根据权利要求1至9任一项的方法，其中第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)由铝硅酸盐玻璃制成，且第二玻璃质玻璃板(2)由钠钙玻璃制成。
11.根据权利要求1至10任一项的方法，其中热塑性薄膜(3)含有聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（PVB）、乙烯乙酸乙烯酯（EVA）或聚氨酯（PU）。
12.根据权利要求1至11任一项的方法，其中第二玻璃质玻璃板(2)的厚度为1.5 mm至5mm。
13.根据权利要求1至12任一项的方法，其中第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)的厚度为0.2 mm至1.0 mm。
14.通过根据权利要求1至13任一项的方法可制造的复合玻璃质玻璃板，其包括厚度为小于或等于1 mm的第一玻璃质玻璃板(1)和厚度为大于或等于1.5 mm的第二玻璃质玻璃板(2)，它们通过至少一个热塑性薄膜(3)接合。
15.通过根据权利要求1至13任一项的方法制造的复合玻璃质玻璃板作为车辆的窗户玻璃板的用途。
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