CN108586126A - Hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
Hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108586126A CN108586126A CN201810392492.1A CN201810392492A CN108586126A CN 108586126 A CN108586126 A CN 108586126A CN 201810392492 A CN201810392492 A CN 201810392492A CN 108586126 A CN108586126 A CN 108586126A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agents and its preparation method and application, belong to hickory chick cultivation field.Hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent of the present invention is made by fermenting after fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material, additive and water mixing；Wherein, fermentation major ingredient is at least one of maize straw, wheat stalk, sawdust, bagasse, waste material of edible mushroom and peanut soya-bean cake；Auxiliary material is oil cake, at least one of wormcast and turfy soil；Additive is lime, gypsum and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.Hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent provided by the invention application before hickory chick is sowed, it can significantly improve soil physical and chemical property, promote the readily available nutrient of soil, gas permeability and acid-base value etc., hickory chick yield, fructification size and planting benefit are significantly improved, opened up a new way for hickory chick increasing both production and income, provide powerful guarantee.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agents and its preparation method and application, belong to hickory chick cultivation field.
Background technology
Hickory chick Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers is under the jurisdiction of Morchellaceae (Morchellaceae) hickory chick
Belong to (Morchella), be internationally famous Precious Edible Fungi, the world is in great demand, and is Chinese main exit to European countries such as France
Edible fungus.And as the country such as moral, method, meaning, U.S. increases the demand of hickory chick, price is constantly soaring.
The cultivation history of Chinese hickory chick originates from 1985, starts to be gradually expanded cultivation the nineties, but yield pole
Its is unstable, is on the one hand that synthetic medium is of low quality, is on the other hand a lack of the management mode of science.To 21 century it
Afterwards, the technology of hickory chick artificial cultivation gradually develops, and yield is steadily increasing, forms the cultivation management side of a set of China's Mode
Method.It is of short duration due to Chinese cultivated history, currently, the cultivation of hickory chick still cannot be satisfied the demand of people.
Therefore, how to improve hickory chick cultivating soil nourishment, how to meet the nutrient of hickory chick different stages of growth
Demand improves hickory chick yield, quality and cultivation benefit, at current major issue urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Application No. is 201510517277.6 Chinese patents to disclose a kind of hickory chick cultivation soil-repairing agent.This is specially
By diatomite, peanut meal, maggot excrement compound material, (maggot excrement mixture is to crush castor cake to the soil-repairing agent of profit, and chicken manure, pig is added
After excrement, river silt are mixed, raising kind maggot 10~15 days, is added aspergillus flavus, saccharomycete, then be sealed by fermentation 15~20 in the cool
It, after being pulverized and mixed to obtain the final product) crush respectively, sterile water, oyster shell whiting, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, active carbon powder, ripe stone is added
Ash is pelletized to obtain the final product.But the patent system needs to buy maggot kind and be raised, increase time cost for soil-repairing agent
And cost of material, method is complicated, and its tunning has peculiar smell, not environmentally.
Invention content
The invention solves first technical problem be to provide a kind of hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent of low cost.
Hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent is made by fermenting after fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material, additive and water mixing；Wherein, it sends out
Ferment major ingredient is at least one of maize straw, wheat stalk, sawdust, bagasse, waste material of edible mushroom and peanut soya-bean cake；Auxiliary material is oil
At least one of withered, wormcast and turfy soil；Additive is lime, gypsum and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, ferment major ingredient, auxiliary material, lime, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate weight ratio be 60~80: 17~37: 0.5
~1.5: 0.5~1.5: 0.5~1.5；It is furthermore preferred that the weight ratio of fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material, lime, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is
70~80: 17~27: 1~1.5: 1: 0.5~1；It is further preferred that fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material, lime, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Weight ratio be 80: 17: 1: 1: 1.
Preferably, the addition of water be ferment major ingredient, auxiliary material and additive total weight 70~85%；Preferably, water
Addition be ferment major ingredient, auxiliary material and additive total weight 80%.
Preferably, auxiliary material is wormcast.
Wherein, fermentation process is：After major ingredient, auxiliary material, additive and the water mixing of fermenting, heap fermentation ferments for the first time
10~15 days time, then turning twice, are fermented 10~15 days every time.
Preferably fermentation process is：After major ingredient, auxiliary material, additive and the water mixing of fermenting, heap fermentation ferments for the first time
13 days time, then turning twice, are fermented 13 days every time.
Wherein, material is accumulated, height≤2m of stack shaping, width≤3m.
Preferably, the shape of accumulation is trapezoidal, and the height of accumulation is 1.5m, width 2m.
The invention solves second technical problem be to provide a kind of preparation method of hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent.
Fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material, additive and water are weighed according to the component proportion of above-mentioned hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent, then fermentation is led
Material, auxiliary material, additive and water mixing, then heap fermentation, first time fermentation time 10~15 days, then turning twice, every time
Fermentation 10~15 days, after fermentation to obtain the final product.
The invention solves third technical problem be to provide a kind of application of hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent.
Modifying agent is uniformly sprinkling upon and will be planted by 0.8~1 ton per acre by the application process of hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent
The soil block of hickory chick, after with mini-tiller plough 1 time, 20~25cm of tilling depth mixes well modifying agent and soil；Then compartment is opened to open
Ditch, the wide 70~80cm in compartment face, 20~30cm of furrow width, 15~20cm of ditch depth.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1, hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent provided by the invention uses microorganism fermentation process, need not buy maggot kind,
Animal feeding need not be carried out, preparation time is shorter, and fermentation is more convenient, and tunning free from extraneous odour, environmental protection.
2, hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent provided by the invention application before hickory chick is sowed, can significantly improve soil
Physicochemical character promotes the readily available nutrient of soil, gas permeability and acid-base value etc..
3, hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent raw material provided by the invention is gathered materials on the spot, and is turned waste into wealth, not only science but also environmentally friendly
Economy substantially reduces the cost of hickory chick cultivation.
4, the fermentation major ingredient (sawdust, bagasse, mushroom waste material, agrocybe waste material etc.) that the present invention uses has certain degradation
Period can be that hickory chick different stages of growth persistently provide nutrition, can effectively reduce the injected volume of nutrient bag, significantly improve sheep tripe
Bacterium yield and planting benefit opened up a new way for hickory chick increasing both production and income, provide powerful guarantee.
5, using soil conditioner of the present invention, reduce Planting risk, increase unit area hickory chick former base formed and
The quantity of fruiting body differentiation increases the single weight of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers sporophore, makes hickory chick lid thickness meat fertilizer, delicious, the Jin Erzeng of delicacy
The yield of hickory chick cultivation is added, has improved hickory chick quality, the enthusiasm of vast farmers plantation hickory chick has been improved, in sheep tripe
Bacterium realizes large-scale production, obtains great application prospect on high-quality product.
6, the present invention can alleviate serious continuous cropping obstacle phenomenon present in hickory chick cultivation.
Specific implementation mode
The invention solves first technical problem be to provide a kind of hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent.
Hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent is made by fermenting after fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material, additive and water mixing；Wherein, it sends out
Ferment major ingredient is at least one of maize straw, wheat stalk, sawdust, bagasse, waste material of edible mushroom and peanut soya-bean cake；Auxiliary material is oil
At least one of withered, wormcast and turfy soil；Additive is lime, gypsum and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The present invention chooses fermentation major ingredient, can be gathered materials on the spot according to local resources.
Wherein, the waste material of edible mushroom is called mushroom bran, bacteria residue, useless bacterium cylinder, is the compost after culturing edible fungus.The present invention
The waste material of edible mushroom used can be mushroom waste material, agrocybe waste material, White mushroom waste material etc..
The effect of lime is added in the present invention, on the one hand can adjust the acid-base value of soil, improve soil physical chemistry and biology
Property alleviates Auto toxicity caused by the allelochemical that hickory chick cultivation generates, another party to improve soil nutrient availability
Face can directly antibacterial prevention soil-borne disease, root-knot nematode, soil enzyme and microbiota are adjusted, soil-borne disease is effectively reduced
Insect pest occurs.
Wherein, the present invention adjusts pH using lime, and the effect for adding gypsum is to stablize the acid-base value in fermentation process.
The present invention is added potassium dihydrogen phosphate and provides potassium element, is to preferably ferment.One can also be added after fermentation
Fixed potassium dihydrogen phosphate is utilized to hickory chick.
Preferably, ferment major ingredient, auxiliary material, lime, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate weight ratio be 60~80: 17~37: 0.5
~1.5: 0.5~1.5: 0.5~1.5；
In order to further increase the yield of hickory chick, increase the single weight of hickory chick, more preferably ferment major ingredient, auxiliary material, stone
Ash, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate weight ratio be 70~80: 17~27: 1~1.5: 1: 0.5~1；When fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material, stone
Weight ratio when being 80: 17: 1: 1: 1 of ash, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the output increased degree of hickory chick is maximum.
Preferably, the addition of water be ferment major ingredient, auxiliary material and additive total weight 70~85%；
In order to further increase fermentation efficiency, the modifying agent after fermentation is allow to further increase the yield of hickory chick, it is excellent
Choosing, the addition of water be fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material and additive total weight 80%.
Preferably, auxiliary material is wormcast.
Wormcast is that a kind of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are complete, and the black particle fertilizer containing a large amount of organic matters, humic acid.With
Other fertilizer are compared, and have the characteristics that health, free from extraneous odour, graininess, water suction, water conservation, permeability are strong.Wormcast is as one
The efficient organic fertilizer of kind, its maximum feature is that organic matter-microorganism-growth factor reasonable combination gets up to improve soil
Environment adjusts structure of soil microbial community, increases beneficial microbe colony, is finally reached getting fat, purpose that is disease-resistant, supporting soil.
Preferably, fermentation process is：After major ingredient, auxiliary material, additive and the water mixing of fermenting, heap fermentation is sent out for the first time
10~15 days ferment time, then turning twice, are fermented 10~15 days every time.
Preferably, material is subjected to heap fermentation, height≤2m of stack shaping, width≤3m.The present invention using
Aerobic fermentation can be more advantageous to actinomyces growth in the width and altitude range.
Preferably, the shape that the present invention accumulates can be any shape, and the shape that the present invention accumulates for operating easily, is
It is trapezoidal.
In order to improve fermentation efficiency, allow the modifying agent after fermentation further increase hickory chick yield and fructification it is big
It is small, it is preferred that the height of accumulation is 1.5m, width 2m.
The invention solves second technical problem be to provide a kind of preparation method of hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent.
Fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material, additive and water are weighed according to the component proportion of above-mentioned hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent, then fermentation is led
Material, auxiliary material, additive and water mixing, then heap fermentation, first time fermentation time 10~15 days, then turning twice, every time
Fermentation 10~15 days, after fermentation to obtain the final product.
The invention solves third technical problem be to provide a kind of application of hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent.
Modifying agent is uniformly sprinkling upon and will be planted by 0.8~1 ton per acre by the application process of hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent
The soil block of hickory chick, after with mini-tiller plough 1 time, 20~25cm of tilling depth mixes well fermentation material and soil；Then compartment is opened to open
Ditch, the wide 70~80cm in compartment face, 20~30cm of furrow width, 15~20cm of ditch depth.
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is further described with reference to embodiment, is not therefore limited the present invention
System is among the embodiment described range.
The preparation of 1 hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent of embodiment
To ferment major ingredient, auxiliary material, additive and the fermentation of water mixing be made modifying agent S1~S3, S1~S3 prepare raw material and
Fermentation process is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
1 Field information of test example
Modifying agent is not applied using 3 kinds of different modifying agents (S1~S3) and, hickory chick cultivating soil is handled, often
A processing sets 3 cells and repeats, and each experimental plot processing area is 100 square meters, experimental plot position Meishan City Yongshou town.
Modifying agent is uniformly sprinkling upon by 1 ton per acre will plant the soil block of hickory chick, after ploughed 1 time with mini-tiller, tilling depth
22cm mixes well fermentation material and soil；Then compartment trench digging, the wide 75cm in compartment face, furrow width 25cm, ditch depth 20cm are opened.After processing
Soil cultivation hickory chick kind be " terraced rib 1 ".Test result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
Test example 2
3 kinds of different modifying agents (S1~S3) are designed altogether and do not apply modifying agent, and hickory chick cultivating soil is handled,
Each processing sets 3 cells and repeats, and each experimental plot processing area is 100 square meters, experimental plot position Guanghan City towns Nan Xing.
Modifying agent is uniformly sprinkling upon by 1 ton per acre will plant the soil block of hickory chick, after ploughed 1 time with mini-tiller, tilling depth
20cm mixes well fermentation material and soil；Then compartment trench digging, the wide 70cm in compartment face, furrow width 20cm, ditch depth 20cm are opened.After processing
Soil cultivation hickory chick kind be " six younger sisters No. 1 ".Test result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
Test example 3
3 kinds of different modifying agents (S1~S3) are designed altogether and do not apply modifying agent, and hickory chick cultivating soil is handled,
Each processing sets 3 cells and repeats, and each experimental plot processing area is 100 square meters, and experimental plot is located at the towns Deyang City Lve Ping.
Modifying agent is uniformly sprinkling upon by 1 ton per acre will plant the soil block of hickory chick, after ploughed 1 time with mini-tiller, tilling depth
20cm mixes well fermentation material and soil；Then compartment trench digging, the wide 70cm in compartment face, furrow width 20cm, ditch depth 20cm are opened.After processing
The hickory chick kind of soil cultivation be " hybridization No. 1 ".Test result is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
The cost effectiveness analysis of 4 modifying agent of the present invention of test example.
1, cost analysis：Ferment major ingredient：0.3 yuan/kg；Auxiliary material：1 yuan/kg；Lime：1 yuan/kg；Gypsum：1 yuan/kg；Phosphoric acid
Potassium dihydrogen：10 yuan/kg；；About 1000 yuan of total material cost input per acre；200 yuan/mu of cost of labor.
2, performance analysis：Benefit value added=increment-total material cost-human cost, after increasing agent, sheep tripe per acre
Bacterium increases production nearly 80kg, is calculated according to 60 yuan/kg of Vehicles Collected from Market procurement price, increases income about 4800 yuan per acre, subtract total material per acre
After 1200 yuan/mu of cost and cost of labor, land efficiency value added is 3600 yuan per acre, and economic benefit value added protrudes.
Claims (10)
1. hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent, which is characterized in that made by fermenting after fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material, additive and water mixing
；Wherein, fermentation major ingredient is at least one in maize straw, wheat stalk, sawdust, bagasse, waste material of edible mushroom and peanut soya-bean cake
Kind；Auxiliary material is at least one of oil cake, wormcast and turfy soil；Additive is lime, gypsum and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
2. hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Ferment major ingredient, auxiliary material, lime,
Gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate weight ratio be 60~80: 17~37: 0.5~1.5: 0.5~1.5: 0.5~1.5；Preferably, it ferments
Major ingredient, auxiliary material, lime, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate weight ratio be 70~80: 17~27: 1~1.5: 1: 0.5~1；More preferably
, fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material, lime, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate weight ratio be 80: 17: 1: 1: 1.
3. hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the addition of water is fermentation
The 70~85% of major ingredient, auxiliary material and additive total weight；Preferably, the addition of water is that fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material and additive are total
The 80% of weight.
4. according to claims 1 to 3 any one of them hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent, which is characterized in that the auxiliary material is
Wormcast.
5. according to Claims 1 to 4 any one of them hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent, which is characterized in that fermentation process is：
Will be after fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material, additive and water mixing, heap fermentation, first time fermentation time 10~15 days, then turning two
It is secondary, it ferments 10~15 days every time.
6. hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent according to claim 5, which is characterized in that first time fermentation time 13 days,
Then turning twice, is fermented 13 days every time.
7. hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent according to claim 5, which is characterized in that height≤2m of accumulation, width
≤3m；Preferably, the shape of accumulation is trapezoidal, and the height of accumulation is 1.5m, width 2m.
8. the preparation method of claim 1~7 any one of them hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent, which is characterized in that according to
The component proportion of claims 1 to 3 any one of them hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent weighs fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material, addition
Agent and water, then will fermentation major ingredient, auxiliary material, additive and water mixing, then heap fermentation, first time fermentation time 10~15 days,
Then turning twice, is fermented 10~15 days, after fermentation every time to obtain the final product.
9. the application of claim 1~7 any one of them hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent.
10. the application of hickory chick cultivating soil modifying agent according to claim 9, which is characterized in that by modifying agent by every
Mu 0.8~1 ton be uniformly sprinkling upon the soil block that will plant hickory chick, after with mini-tiller arable land 1 time, 20~25cm of tilling depth will be improved
Agent is mixed well with soil；Then compartment trench digging, the wide 70~80cm in compartment face, 20~30cm of furrow width, 15~20cm of ditch depth are opened.
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| CN109593006A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-09 | 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 | A kind of edible mushroom conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN110692432A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-17 | 襄阳职业技术学院 | Method for improving morchella planting soil |
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| US20040000090A1 (en) * | 2002-06-26 | 2004-01-01 | Miller Stewart C. | Cultivation of morchella |
| CN106007852A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-10-12 | 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Morchella field cultivation bedding as well as preparation method and use method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109593006A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-09 | 北京三聚绿能科技有限公司 | A kind of edible mushroom conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN110692432A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-17 | 襄阳职业技术学院 | Method for improving morchella planting soil |
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Inventor after: Wang Li Inventor after: Zhuang Guoqing Inventor after: Peng Tianxiang Inventor after: Li Shijuan Inventor after: Sheng Yuzhen Inventor after: Shi Xiaodong Inventor before: Zhuang Guoqing Inventor before: Peng Tianxiang Inventor before: Li Shijuan Inventor before: Wang Li Inventor before: Sheng Yuzhen Inventor before: Shi Xiaodong |
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Application publication date: 20180928 |