CN108507679A - A kind of wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric method and device - Google Patents

A kind of wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108507679A
CN108507679A CN201810214246.7A CN201810214246A CN108507679A CN 108507679 A CN108507679 A CN 108507679A CN 201810214246 A CN201810214246 A CN 201810214246A CN 108507679 A CN108507679 A CN 108507679A
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dispersion
module
row pixel
interference fringe
wide spectrum
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CN108507679B (en
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严强强
魏儒义
陈莎莎
于建东
王帅
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XiAn Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of CAS
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XiAn Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of CAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/45Interferometric spectrometry
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02Details
    • G01J3/0205Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02Details
    • G01J3/0256Compact construction
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/2803Investigating the spectrum using photoelectric array detector
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01JMEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/45Interferometric spectrometry
    • G01J2003/451Dispersive interferometric spectrometry

Abstract

The invention belongs to field of optical detection, more particularly to a kind of wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric method and device.After target light is collimated first in dispersion to detector row pixel or row pixel;Then conplane different location will be reflexed to according to different spectral coverage along the spectrum of detector row pixel or row pixel orientational dispersion;It will enter intervention module after the reflected beams collimation in step 2 again and obtain interference fringe;Interference fringe is compressed along with interference fringe vertical direction again;Compressed interference fringe is finally subjected to secondary dispersion along detector row pixel direction or row pixel direction, obtains high-resolution spectra interference fringe.The interference of wide spectrum high-resolution spectroscopy is solved the problems, such as by detector row or column pixel number is limited, crossed dispersion leads to line bend etc., realizes a kind of wide spectrum, high-precision, the radial velocity detecting strategy of high s/n ratio.

Description

A kind of wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric method and device
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of optical detection, more particularly to a kind of wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric method and dress It sets.
Background technology
Spectrographic detection technology is to obtain the structure of matter and chemical composition, material element assay and research atomic energy Grade, the important means of optical signalling frequency displacement detection, at present in industrial and agricultural production, scientific research, environmental monitoring, aerospace The fields such as remote sensing, astronomical observation have a wide range of applications.Interferometry technology be in optical measurement most widely used technology it One, it is the important hand for realizing the technologies such as precision distance measurement, signal detection, laser lithography, optics regulation and control, Atmospheric components measurement Section, application field are extensive.The dispersion delayed interference technology that spectrum and interference are combined is applied as a kind of new measuring technique In the measurement of the radial velocity, and it is outer fixed star feature detection that radial velocity method, which is, is outer planet detection, the inspection of universe small-signal It surveys, one of main method used such as air Wind field measurement on the middle and senior level.
Currently, there are two types of the main technique methods of realization radial velocity method:It is a kind of to utilize high-resolution crossed dispersion ladder Grating spectrograph, another kind utilize the dispersive spectrometer that is concerned with.The former core component is high-resolution echelon;The latter then by One interferometer and rear Dispersive Devices composition.The main distinction of both measurement methods is that the former passes through high-resolution ladder light Grid realize high level diffraction, realize that spectral coverage broadens using multiple diffraction times, reach wide spectrum height using prism crossed dispersion Resolution spectrum calculates regarding for fixed star by directly measuring the position movement because of the stellar spectrum spectral line that Doppler effect generates To velocity information;And the latter is to be obtained fixed star light by interferometer by the method for middle dispersion or low dispersion grid dispersion Interference fringe carries out dispersion, and radial velocity information is calculated by the phase shift of interference fringe.Both instruments are being layman Talent scout survey side, atmospheric wind test the speed aspect with respective advantage, the former spectral resolution is high, directly measures the light for obtaining target Modal data, data are intuitive, calculate simple;But high dispersion causes the energy of the reception of single detector pixel weak, system signal noise ratio Low, simultaneously as the dispersive power to different wave length light wave is different, crossed dispersion causes line bend more serious, leads The increase of observation error is caused, and high-precision crossed dispersion detection system is very high to observing environment requirement, to greatly Observation cost is increased, limits the development of the technology from every side.The latter's spectral resolution is low, single pixel receive energy compared with Height, signal-to-noise ratio are high, and the displacement of stellar spectrum is transformed into the variation of interference fringe phase by interferometer, and larger interference light path Difference realizes the amplification to spectral shift amount, and requirement of the latter to observing environment is relatively low, and technology realizability is good;But the latter Data processing it is more complicated, also, the latter during dispersion spectral accuracy and spectral region by detector row or column picture The limitation of first quantity, leads to that spectral dispersion resolution ratio is low, observation spectrum narrow range.
Currently, solving the method that detector limits instrument spectral resolution ratio and spectral measurement ranges as row or column pixel quantity It is:The scheme of low resolution grating+prism crossed dispersion in.But in this scheme, prism dispersion direction and striped side To being identical, since prism is different the dispersive power of different wave length, during dispersion, different wave length can be made Striped generates different size of amount of movement, and this move of stripe can pass through detector and sample, and detector can be caused to sample striped Contrast declines.And the key point in relevant dispersion Detection Techniques is that the extraction of striped, contrast decline can seriously affect The detection accuracy of instrument.On the other hand, crossed dispersion causes the bending direction of optic spectrum line consistent with interference fringe distribution direction, It is this to be bent the variation for resulting in fringe phase, to which the phase change to interference fringe introduces the additional margin of error, into one Step causes the reduction of measurement accuracy.
Invention content
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, a kind of wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interference technique of present invention proposition and dress It sets.The interference of wide spectrum high-resolution spectroscopy is solved by detector row or column pixel number is limited, crossed dispersion leads to spectrum The problem of Spectral line bend etc. realizes a kind of wide spectrum, high-precision, the radial velocity detecting strategy of high s/n ratio.
In order to solve the problems, such as that existing scheme exists, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a kind of wide spectrum high-resolution Spectral interference measurement method, includes the following steps:
Step 1:After target light is collimated in dispersion to detector row pixel or row pixel;
Step 2:It is same flat by being reflexed to according to different spectral coverage along the spectrum of detector row pixel or row pixel orientational dispersion The different location in face;
Step 3:Interference fringe is obtained by intervention module is entered after the reflected beams collimation in step 2;
Step 4:Interference fringe is compressed along with interference fringe vertical direction;
Step 5:Compressed interference fringe in step 4 is carried out two along detector row pixel direction or row pixel direction Secondary dispersion obtains high-resolution spectra interference fringe.
Preferably, above-mentioned target is single or multiple point light sources.
The present invention also provides a kind of wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric measuring means for realizing the above method, special characters It is:Include the first dispersion system set gradually along light path, image slicer, the first concentration module, the second collimating module, interference Module, light compression module, third collimating module, the second dispersion system and detector;
Above-mentioned first dispersion system includes the first collimating module and the first dispersion compensation module set gradually along light path;
Point target is extended to face directional light and is divided into the first dispersion compensation module by the first collimating module, the first dispersion mould For block by face directional light along detector row pixel or row pixel orientational dispersion, dispersed light beam propagates to image slicer, and image slicer will Dispersed light beam is cut, and so that different spectral coverage is reflected along different angle, reflection direction is perpendicular to the first dispersion compensation module dispersion direction; First concentration module collimates after being converged the reflected beams of image slicer into the second collimating module, obtains different spectrums The collimated light beam of section;The collimated light beam of different spectral coverage enters intervention module and obtains perpendicular to the dry of the first dispersion compensation module dispersion direction Relate to striped;Light compression module passes through the interference fringe that intervention module is emitted after detector row pixel or the compression of row pixel direction Enter the second dispersion system after third collimating module collimation, the second dispersion system is by directional light along detector row pixel or row pixel Direction carries out secondary dispersion, and the interference fringe of each spectral coverage is obtained in detector different zones.
Preferably, between the first dispersion compensation module and image slicer can also include converging lenses, above-mentioned converging lenses for pair The light beam of first dispersion compensation module is converged according to different spectral coverage.
Preferably, above-mentioned second dispersion system may include the second dispersion compensation module and the second optically focused set gradually along light path Module;
Directional light is carried out secondary dispersion along detector row pixel or row pixel direction and gathered into second by the second dispersion compensation module After optical module convergence, the interference fringe of each spectral coverage is obtained in detector different zones.
Preferably, above-mentioned second dispersion system can also be curved surface grating.
Preferably, the first dispersion compensation module and the second dispersion compensation module are grating or prism, can also use other one-dimensional dispersions Element replaces, and the resolution ratio of the second dispersion compensation module is more than the resolution ratio of the first dispersion compensation module.
Preferably, above-mentioned first concentration module is convex lens or convex lens group, and the incident parallel light of different angle is converged Gather in different spatial.
Preferably, above-mentioned second collimating module is micro lens group, and the light of different spectral coverage is collimated;Above-mentioned optical pressure contracting Module is cylindrical mirror, and interference pattern is compressed along spectral dispersion direction.
Preferably, above-mentioned interference module is that Sagnac interferometers, Michelson's interferometer or Mach-Zehnder interferometer etc. are dry Interferometer device.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1, the spectrum widening under detector pixel limited situation is realized;
When grating is to target optical spectrum dispersion, in the case where detector row or column pixel number determines, spectral resolution and Spectral dispersion range is inversely proportional, and cannot achieve high-resolution wide spectrum spectral measurement.The method applied in the present invention passes through first Grating or prism by target dispersion to detector row pixel, then by image slice device by along the spectral reflectance of row dispersion to not Coplanar position so that different spectral coverage is arranged in detector difference row or column, then is aligned by high-resolution dispersion element Secondary dispersion is carried out along the direction of row or column in the narrow-band spectrum of same plane difference row or column, obtains wide spectrum high-resolution light Compose spectral line.
2, there is no bendings for each level dispersion line;
Dispersion direction is in the same direction twice by the present invention, during avoiding crossed dispersion, since prism is to different waves The refractive index of long light wave is different, after leading to echelon prism dispersion, caused by different levels showing of being bent on the detector of spectral line As.
3, it is convenient for miniaturization and lightweight;
Light path is reflected using image slice device so that whole light path is compacter in space layout, meanwhile, second Dispersion uses grating dispersion, has smaller volume, lighter quality and the better linearity compared to prism.
4, the contrast of interference fringe is not influenced while spectrum widening;
The light of first time dispersion different spectral coverage is displaced to conplane different location by image slice device, makes its phase It is mutually parallel, after being compressed along grating dispersion direction by cylindrical mirror, using second of dispersion of grating.The direction one of dispersion twice Sample, and interference direction are vertical, therefore will not be affected to the contrast of interference fringe.
5, the program can be realized while Multiple targets observation;
Consider spectral resolution, many factors such as interference fringe number, dispersion phase responsibility outer planet detection system can Once to realize the observation of multiple targets, by preset lens by the target of introducing in grating different location dispersion, by image Food slicer reflects and secondary dispersion, makes the interference fringe arranged in parallel of different target, to realize Multiple targets observation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is one embodiment of the invention schematic device;
Fig. 2 is the second dispersion system schematic diagram;
Reference numeral is in figure:The first collimating modules of 1-, the first dispersion compensation modules of 2-, 3- image slicers, 4- the first optically focused moulds Block, the second collimating modules of 5-, 6- intervention modules, 7- light compression modules, 8- third collimating modules, the second dispersion systems of 9-;
The second dispersion compensation modules of 91-, the second concentration modules of 92-.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
The present invention is using the measurement method for interfering dispersion again after a kind of first dispersion, first, by target dispersion to detector row On pixel or row pixel direction;Secondly, it will cut and reflex to same according to different spectral coverage along the spectrum of detector row pixel dispersion The different location of one plane realizes spectrum widening;Again, the different spectral coverage after segmentation is compressed into collimation, is obtained into intervention module Obtain interference fringe;Finally, interference fringe is subjected to secondary dispersion along detector row or column direction and realizes that high-precision is divided, obtained high Resolved spectroscopy interference fringe.
It can be measured by device shown in FIG. 1 in the embodiment, be can be seen that from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 along light path successively It is provided with the first collimating module 1, the first dispersion compensation module 2, image slicer 3, the first concentration module 4, the second collimating module 5, interference Module 6, light compression module 7, third collimating module 8, the second dispersion system 9 and detector;In the first dispersion compensation module and as cutting It can also include converging lenses between device, the light beam of the first dispersion compensation module is converged according to different spectral coverage.
The second dispersion system 9 includes the second dispersion compensation module 91 and the second optically focused set gradually along light path in this embodiment Module 92 can also be replaced directly with curved surface grating;First dispersion compensation module 2 and the second dispersion compensation module 91 are grating, can also With prism or other replaced with one-dimensional dispersion element;Image slicer 3 is made of the different plane mirror of angle, its main feature is that Line or face are split, then reflected along different angle;First concentration module 4 converges the incident parallel light of different angle Gather in different spatial, the equivalent optically focused light path of convex lens;Second collimating module 5 is cylindrical mirror or path-splitting micro lens; Intervention module 6 can be Sagnac interferometers, Michelson's interferometer, the interference instrument such as Mach-Zehnder interferometer;Second dispersion The resolution ratio of module 91 represents spectrometer true resolution, and second of dispersion is consistent with first time dispersion direction.
Specific measurement process is as follows:
1), wherein target is single or multiple point light sources, is imaged on focal plane by object lens, will by optical fiber or object lens Target introduces the first collimating module 1, and then point target is extended to face directional light and is divided into the first dispersion compensation module 2.Pass through First dispersion compensation module 2 will input directional light along detector row pixel or row pixel orientational dispersion, and dispersed light beam is propagated to as cutting Device 3.
2), target dispersion spectral line is cut by image slicer 3, different spectral coverage is made to be reflected along different angle, reflection Dispersion direction of the direction perpendicular to the first dispersion compensation module 2.
3), the reflection light of image slicer 3 is converged by the first concentration module 4, since 3 each ladder of image slicer is anti- The angle for penetrating spectral coverage light is different, and different ladders correspond to wave band and are compressed in different spatial, and light beam enters second after compression Collimating module 5.
4), incident beam is collimated by the second collimating module 5, obtains the collimated light beam of different spectral coverage, into dry Relate to module 6.
5) interference, is carried out by intervention module 6 and obtains interference fringe, interference fringe direction is along detector column pixel or row picture First directional spreding, perpendicular to first time dispersion direction.
6) energy centralization, is incident to by compression of images by third standard along first time dispersion direction by light compression module 7 Straight module 8.
7), incident beam is collimated by third collimating module 8, is divided into the second dispersion compensation module 91.
8), input directional light is entered the by the second dispersion compensation module 91 after carrying out secondary dispersion perpendicular to interference fringe direction Two concentration modules 92.
9), after the second concentration module will converge, the interference fringe of each spectral coverage is obtained in detector different zones.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1:After target light is collimated in dispersion to detector row pixel or row pixel;
Step 2:It is conplane by being reflexed to according to different spectral coverage along the spectrum of detector row pixel or row pixel orientational dispersion Different location;
Step 3:Interference fringe is obtained by intervention module is entered after the reflected beams collimation in step 2;
Step 4:Interference fringe is compressed along with interference fringe vertical direction;
Step 5:Compressed interference fringe in step 4 is subjected to secondary colours along detector row pixel direction or row pixel direction It dissipates, obtains high-resolution spectra interference fringe.
2. wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The target is single A or multiple point light sources.
3. a kind of wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric measuring means for realizing claims 1 or 2 the method, it is characterised in that: Include the first dispersion system set gradually along light path, image slicer, the first concentration module, the second collimating module, intervention module, Light compression module, third collimating module, the second dispersion system and detector;
First dispersion system includes the first collimating module and the first dispersion compensation module set gradually along light path;
Point target is extended to face directional light and is divided into the first dispersion compensation module by the first collimating module, and the first dispersion compensation module will For face directional light along detector row pixel or row pixel orientational dispersion, dispersed light beam propagates to image slicer, and image slicer is by dispersion Light beam is cut, and so that different spectral coverage is reflected along different angle, reflection direction is perpendicular to the first dispersion compensation module dispersion direction;First Concentration module collimates after being converged the reflected beams of image slicer into the second collimating module, obtains different spectral coverage Collimated light beam;The collimated light beam of different spectral coverage enters interference item of the intervention module acquisition perpendicular to the first dispersion compensation module dispersion direction Line;The interference fringe that intervention module is emitted is passed through third by light compression module after detector row pixel or the compression of row pixel direction Enter the second dispersion system after collimating module collimation, the second dispersion system is by directional light along detector row pixel or row pixel direction Secondary dispersion is carried out, the interference fringe of each spectral coverage is obtained in detector different zones.
4. wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric measuring means according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:In the first dispersion mould Further include converging lenses between block and image slicer, the converging lenses be used for the light beam of the first dispersion compensation module according to different spectral coverage into Row convergence imaging.
5. wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric measuring means according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
Second dispersion system includes the second dispersion compensation module and the second concentration module set gradually along light path;
Directional light is carried out secondary dispersion along detector row pixel or row pixel direction and enters the second optically focused mould by the second dispersion compensation module After block convergence, the interference fringe of each spectral coverage is obtained in detector different zones.
6. wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric measuring means according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
Second dispersion system is curved surface grating.
7. wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric measuring means according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:First dispersion compensation module It is grating or prism with the second dispersion compensation module, the resolution ratio of the second dispersion compensation module is more than the resolution ratio of the first dispersion compensation module.
8. according to any wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric measuring means of claim 3-7, it is characterised in that:Described One concentration module is convex lens or convex lens group.
9. wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric measuring means according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:Second collimation Module is micro lens group;The smooth compression module is cylindrical mirror.
10. wide spectrum high-resolution spectra interferometric measuring means according to claim 9, it is characterised in that:The interference mould Block is Sagnac interferometers, Michelson's interferometer or Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
CN201810214246.7A 2018-03-15 2018-03-15 Broad spectrum high-resolution spectrum interferometry method and device Active CN108507679B (en)

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