CN108489558B - Shore slope zone seepage collecting and metering device and metering method - Google Patents
Shore slope zone seepage collecting and metering device and metering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108489558B CN108489558B CN201810182198.8A CN201810182198A CN108489558B CN 108489558 B CN108489558 B CN 108489558B CN 201810182198 A CN201810182198 A CN 201810182198A CN 108489558 B CN108489558 B CN 108489558B
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- seepage
- bank slope
- metering
- collecting
- metering method
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bank slope zone seepage collecting and metering device and a metering method, wherein the bank slope zone seepage collecting and metering device comprises a flow guide device, a collecting device and a vacuum pump; the flow guide device comprises a plurality of flow guide pipes, the output ports of the flow guide pipes are connected with the input ports of the sealed collection device through water pipes, and the air exhaust ports of the collection device are connected with the vacuum pump through air exhaust pipes. According to the bank slope zone seepage collecting and metering device and the metering method, the bank slope zone seepage collecting and metering device is convenient for obtaining the field seepage flow of the bank slope more quickly and more conveniently, so that the seepage condition of the bank slope is analyzed in time; the device is convenient to operate, simple in method and good in application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil seepage liquid metering devices, in particular to a bank slope zone seepage collecting and metering device and a metering method.
Background
The bank slope is the most common and important geographical environment for human production and life, and is closely related to various activities of people. In recent decades, with the expansion of the scale of engineering activities and the rapid development of economic construction, the problems of high and steep bank slope stability and large-scale disastrous landslide prediction in bank slope engineering are more and more emphasized. A number of facts show that: more than 90% of soil slope instability is closely related to seepage, and landslide is easily caused by seepage especially under various dangerous hydraulic conditions. At present, model technology is mostly adopted for the prediction of the seepage situation, the seepage situation of the bank slope cannot be monitored and analyzed on site, and the seepage development situation of the bank slope can be accurately predicted in time.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a bank slope zone seepage collecting and metering device and a metering method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a bank slope zone seepage collecting and metering device comprises a flow guide device, a collecting device and a vacuum pump; the flow guide device comprises a plurality of flow guide pipes, the output ports of the flow guide pipes are connected with the input ports of the sealed collection device through water pipes, and the air exhaust ports of the collection device are connected with the vacuum pump through air exhaust pipes.
As a further improvement of the invention, the guide pipe is vertically fixed on a bracket at equal intervals through iron clamps, and two ends of the bracket are connected on a fixed plate through a rotary hinge.
As a further development of the invention, the supports are parallel to one another.
As a further improvement of the invention, the collecting device comprises a collecting bottle with a bottle cap, round holes are arranged above and on the side surface of the bottle cap, the water pipe is inserted into the bottom of the collecting bottle through the round holes, one end of the exhaust pipe is connected with the round holes on the side surface, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is connected with the same vacuum pump.
As a further improvement of the invention, the suction tube is inserted into the collection bottle to a depth no greater than 1/3 of the height of the collection bottle.
As a further improvement of the invention, the collecting bottle is a polyethylene bottle with scales, and the capacity of the collecting bottle is 50-1000 mL.
As a further improvement of the invention, the flow guide pipe is a stainless steel pipe with the pipe diameter of 1-5 cm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the fixing plate is in the shape of a drill bit.
A metering method of a bank slope zone seepage collecting and metering device comprises the following steps:
step A, determining a flow guide device according to a bank slope seepage flow collection area, setting the distance between adjacent flow guide pipes to be △ Lcm, horizontally inserting fixing plates at two ends of a support into a bank slope, adjusting the support to insert the flow guide pipes into soil to be detected to a depth of △ Mcm, adjusting the flow guide pipes to keep the flow guide pipes horizontal, setting the central pressure of the openings of the flow guide pipes inserted into the soil to be the point pore water pressure, and respectively recording the central pressure as P1、P2、P3……(ii) a The cross section area of the flow guide pipe is A cm2The vacuum negative pressure in the collecting device (which can be read from the pressure gauge of the vacuum pump) is P0；
And B: the power of the vacuum pump is adjusted according to the seepage speed of the seepage surface of the bank slope, and the seepage flow is quickly read out by scales on the polyethylene bottle and respectively marked as Q1、Q2、Q3……；
And C: repeating the steps at different heights of the seepage surface of the bank slope, and collecting a plurality of groups;
step D: in saturated soil, the seepage velocity of water and hydraulic gradient are in a linear relation, and the water is obtained by the Darcy law Q-KiA,
wherein: q is the seepage per unit time, unit: cm3Min; k is the permeability coefficient, unit: cm/min; i is the hydraulic gradient; a is the water passing section area of the flow guide pipe, unit: cm2；
And also
Then
…….
The flow formula Q is VA,
wherein: v represents the seepage velocity in cm/min;
to obtain
Step E: from the flow rate Q1、Q2、Q3......And corresponding pore water pressure P1、P2、P3……And the seepage velocity V1、V2、V3……Respectively drawing Q-P, Q-V, P-V relation curves according to the relation between the water and the water, and obtaining the water pressure, the seepage flow and the seepage velocity of the bank slope pore water on the bank slopeThe distribution of (2);
step F: and estimating the seepage flow of the whole bank slope by utilizing a plurality of groups of measurement data on the whole bank slope and Q-P, Q-V, P-V relation curves through the integration of the vertical height of the bank slope.
The invention has the advantages that: the device is simple to implement and convenient to operate, different technology combinations can be adopted for different bank slopes, the device can be used for rapidly obtaining the field seepage flow, monitoring the seepage flow uninterruptedly in real time, and rapidly knowing the seepage distribution of a seepage surface for related engineering and model calculation boundary processing.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bank slope zone seepage collecting and metering device of the invention.
The designations in the drawings have the following meanings: 1. fixing device, 101, fixed plate, 102, support, 2, guiding device, 201, honeycomb duct, 3, collection device, 301, collecting bottle, 4, vacuum pump.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a device for collecting and metering seepage in a bank slope zone comprises a flow guide device 2, a collecting device 3 and a vacuum pump 4; the fixing device 1 comprises a plurality of parallel brackets 102 and a fixing plate 101, the guide device 2 comprises a plurality of guide pipes 201, the guide pipes 201 are vertically fixed on the brackets 102 at equal intervals through iron clamps, two ends of each bracket 102 are connected to the fixing plate 101 through rotary hinges, the angle of each bracket 102 can be adjusted by pulling the hinges, and the guide device 2 can move up and down to change the inclination angle of the guide device 2 through nut clips on the brackets 102; the output port of the flow guide pipe 201 is connected with the input port of the sealed collecting device 3 through a water pipe, the air exhaust port of the collecting device 3 is connected with the air exhaust vacuum pump 4 through an air exhaust pipe, and the water pipe and the air exhaust pipe are respectively provided with a latex pipe and a silicon rubber pipe.
The collecting device 3 comprises a collecting bottle 301 provided with a bottle cap, round holes with the aperture of 1cm are formed above and on the side face of the bottle cap, the water pipe is inserted into the bottom of the collecting bottle 301 through the round holes, one end of the air exhaust pipe is connected with the round holes on the side face, and the other end of the air exhaust pipe is connected with the same vacuum pump 4; the water pipe at the joint of the diversion device 2 and the collection device 3 is tied tightly by a binding belt.
The depth of the suction tube inserted into the collection bottle 301 is not more than 1/3 of the height of the collection bottle 301, and the height of the water in the collection bottle 301 is controlled not to exceed 2/3 of the height of the collection bottle 301, so as to prevent the vacuum pump 4 from sucking away the sampled water through the suction tube during the test. Because the exhaust tube is used for exhausting air and forming negative pressure in the collection bottle 301, the exhaust tube connected with the vacuum pump 4 can not contact with the water sample in the collection bottle 301, so that the negative pressure in the collection bottle 301 can be transmitted to the guide tube 201, and the aim of extracting the solution in the soil on the bank slope is fulfilled.
The collecting bottle 301 is a polyethylene bottle with scales, the capacity of the collecting bottle is 50-1000mL, and the capacity of the collecting bottle is preferably 1000mL according to the environment of a bank slope belt.
The honeycomb duct 201 is a stainless steel pipe with a pipe diameter of 1-5cm, and is determined according to actual conditions, if the honeycomb duct is used in a laboratory with small seepage flow, the honeycomb duct is of a small pipe diameter and is used for field sampling, and if the seepage flow is large, the honeycomb duct is of a large pipe diameter.
The fixing plate 101 is made of steel materials, is in a drill bit shape, and is convenient to insert into a bank slope belt.
A metering method of a bank slope zone seepage collecting and metering device comprises the following steps:
step A, according to a bank slope seepage flow collecting area, determining three groups of flow guide devices 2, setting the distance between adjacent flow guide pipes 201 to be △ L cm, horizontally inserting the fixing plates 101 at the two ends of the support 102 into the bank slope, adjusting the support 102 to insert the flow guide pipes 201 into soil to be detected to the depth of △ M cm, adjusting the flow guide pipes 201 to keep the flow guide pipes 201 horizontal, and recording the central pressure of the openings of the flow guide pipes 201 inserted into the soil as P pressure of pore water at the point respectively1、P2、P3The cross-sectional area of the draft tube 201 is A cm2The vacuum underpressure in the collecting device 3 is read from the pressure gauge of the vacuum pump 4 and is noted P0；
And B: according to the seepage velocity of the seepage surface of the bank slopeAdjusting the power of the vacuum pump 4 to enable the negative pressure in the draft tube 201 to be about-85 kPa; and the scale on the polyethylene bottle can quickly read the seepage flow and respectively record as Q1、Q2、Q3(ii) a The seepage rate is generally more stable and representative when the amount of water in the collection bottle 301 does not exceed 2/3 at the height of the collection bottle 301;
and C: repeating the steps at different heights of the seepage surface of the bank slope, and collecting a plurality of groups;
step D: in saturated soil, the seepage velocity of water and hydraulic gradient are in a linear relation, and the water is obtained by the Darcy law Q-KiA,
wherein: q is the seepage per unit time, unit: cm3Min; k is the permeability coefficient, unit: cm/min; i is the hydraulic gradient; a is the water cross section area of the flow guide pipe 201, unit: cm2；
And also
Then
The flow formula Q is VA,
wherein: v represents the seepage velocity in cm/min;
to obtain
Step E: from the flow rateQ1、Q2、Q3And corresponding pore water pressure P1、P2、P3And the seepage velocity V1、V2、V3Respectively drawing Q-P, Q-V, P-V relation curves according to the relation between the water and the water to obtain the distribution conditions of the pore water pressure, the seepage flow and the seepage speed of the bank slope on the bank slope;
step F: and estimating the seepage flow of the whole bank slope by utilizing a plurality of groups of measurement data on the whole bank slope and Q-P, Q-V, P-V relation curves through the integration of the vertical height of the bank slope.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent variations fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A metering method of a bank slope zone seepage collecting and metering device is characterized in that: the metering device comprises a flow guide device, a collecting device and a vacuum pump;
the flow guide device comprises a plurality of flow guide pipes;
the collecting device is sealed and is provided with an input port and an exhaust port; the input port is connected with the output port of the flow guide pipe through a water pipe, and the air exhaust port is connected with the vacuum pump through an air exhaust pipe;
a metering method comprising the steps of:
step A, according to a bank slope seepage flow collecting area, determining that the distance between adjacent guide pipes is △ L cm, inserting the guide pipes into soil to be detected, wherein the depth of the guide pipes is △ M cm, and adjusting the guide pipes to keep the guide pipes horizontal;
the central pressure of the flow guide pipe orifice inserted into the soil is the water pressure of the pore at the point, which is respectively marked as P1、P2、P3… …, respectively; the cross section area of the flow guide pipe is A cm2The vacuum negative pressure in the collecting device is P0；
And B: regulating the power of the vacuum pump according to the seepage speed of the seepage surface of the bank slope, reading the seepage flow from the collecting device, and dividing the seepage flow into different partsIs otherwise denoted as Q1、Q2、Q3……；
And C: repeating the steps at different heights of the seepage surface of the bank slope, and collecting a plurality of groups;
step D: in saturated soil, the seepage velocity of water and hydraulic gradient are in linear relation,
from darcy's law Q ═ KiA,
wherein: q is the seepage per unit time, unit: cm3Min; k is the permeability coefficient, unit: cm/min; i is the hydraulic gradient; a is the water passing section area of the flow guide pipe, unit: cm2；
And also
Then
……
The flow formula Q is VA,
wherein: v represents the seepage velocity in cm/min;
to obtain
Step E: from the flow rate Q1、Q2、Q3... and the corresponding pore water pressure P1、P2、P3… … and seepage velocity V1、V2、V3… …, respectively drawing Q-P, Q-V, P-V relation curves to obtain the distribution conditions of the bank slope pore water pressure, seepage flow and seepage speed on the bank slope;
step F: and estimating the seepage flow of the whole bank slope by utilizing a plurality of groups of measurement data on the whole bank slope and Q-P, Q-V, P-V relation curves through the integration of the vertical height of the bank slope.
2. The metering method of the seepage collection metering device for the bank slope zone as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metering method comprises the following steps: the honeycomb duct is vertically fixed on the bracket through iron clamps at equal intervals, and two ends of the bracket are connected on the fixed plate through rotating hinges.
3. The metering method of the seepage collection metering device for the bank slope zone as claimed in claim 2, wherein the metering method comprises the following steps: the supports are parallel to each other.
4. The metering method of the seepage collection metering device for the bank slope zone as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metering method comprises the following steps: the collecting device comprises a collecting bottle with a bottle cap, and round holes are formed in the upper side and the side face of the bottle cap;
the water pipe is inserted into the bottom of the collecting bottle through the round hole,
one end of the exhaust tube is connected with the side round hole, and the other end of the exhaust tube is connected with the same vacuum pump.
5. The metering method of the shore slope zone seepage collection metering device as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein the metering method comprises the following steps: the suction tube is inserted into the collection bottle to a depth no greater than 1/3 of the height of the collection bottle.
6. The metering method of the seepage collection metering device for the bank slope zone as claimed in claim 2, wherein the metering method comprises the following steps: the collecting bottle is a polyethylene bottle with scales, and the capacity of the collecting bottle is 50-1000 mL.
7. The metering method of the seepage collection metering device for the bank slope zone as claimed in claim 1, wherein the metering method comprises the following steps: the flow guide pipe is a stainless steel pipe with the pipe diameter of 1-5 cm.
8. The metering method of the seepage collection metering device for the bank slope zone as claimed in claim 2, wherein the metering method comprises the following steps: the fixing plate is in the shape of a drill bit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810182198.8A CN108489558B (en) | 2018-03-06 | 2018-03-06 | Shore slope zone seepage collecting and metering device and metering method |
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| CN201810182198.8A CN108489558B (en) | 2018-03-06 | 2018-03-06 | Shore slope zone seepage collecting and metering device and metering method |
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| CN108489558A CN108489558A (en) | 2018-09-04 |
| CN108489558B true CN108489558B (en) | 2020-02-21 |
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Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2403545A1 (en) * | 1977-09-19 | 1979-04-13 | Viguie Francois | Soil water seepage measuring device - has constant pressure reservoir which fills graduated reservoir feeding water to soil |
| US5832409A (en) * | 1995-03-02 | 1998-11-03 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Automated gas permeameter |
| CN101788450B (en) * | 2010-02-01 | 2011-10-26 | 中国海洋大学 | Measuring method of osmosis of non-homogeneous water-bearing medium |
| CN103091214A (en) * | 2011-10-29 | 2013-05-08 | 成都理工大学 | Under-dam seepage flow experiment apparatus |
| CN102636630A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-08-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Large unsaturated seepage physical simulator for soil in aerated zone |
| CN203096684U (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-07-31 | 河海大学 | Embedded type device for measuring seepage of ground water on lake bank slope zone |
| KR101646987B1 (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2016-08-23 | 한국지질자원연구원 | Device for measuring of saturated hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated porous media |
| CN104615820A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-05-13 | 南京南瑞集团公司 | Flow field analysis method for earth and rockfill dam seepage flow monitoring and calculation |
| CN105675471A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-06-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Multi-angle diameter-variable type Darcy seepage experiment device |
| CN107121369A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-09-01 | 吉林大学 | A kind of full-automatic Darcy's law experimental system |
| CN107246019B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-10-29 | 浙江大学 | A kind of slope underground water drilling self-starting drainage by suction method |
| CN107449635A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2017-12-08 | 重庆市涪陵页岩气环保研发与技术服务中心 | A kind of topsoil seepage flow liquor collecting device and preparation method |
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2018
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Effective date of registration: 20240529 Address after: Room A213, Building 4, No. 32 Dongfu Road, Industrial Park, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215000 Patentee after: Suzhou Gilt Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 210098 No. 8 West Buddha Road, Jiangning Development Zone, Jiangsu, Nanjing, China Patentee before: HOHAI University Country or region before: China |