CN102768106B - Sand flow sediment transportation monitoring method - Google Patents
Sand flow sediment transportation monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102768106B CN102768106B CN201210219780.XA CN201210219780A CN102768106B CN 102768106 B CN102768106 B CN 102768106B CN 201210219780 A CN201210219780 A CN 201210219780A CN 102768106 B CN102768106 B CN 102768106B
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- storing box
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- husky
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Abstract
The invention relates to a sand flow sediment transportation monitoring method, and a device adopted in the method is a trapezoidal sand sampler. The sand sampler comprises a sand collection passage, a sand guide passage, a sand storage box, a fixing plate, plugging screws of the sand storage box, and a seal cover. The trapezoidal sand sampler in the method is used for measuring indoor and outdoor sand transportation rate of sand flow and indoor and outdoor sand flow structures, collected sand can be taken out on the spot without the need of opening the sand sampler, and the sand sampler has the advantages of portability and convenience for operation, can improve the working efficiency and reduce the labor intensity, is applicable to areas of wide range, can be used at an arid area and a wet area, can be widely used for researching environment, ecology, aeolian landform, sand-proof engineering and other aspects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stream sediment transport monitoring method, in the method, relate to wind sand environment monitoring instrument.
Background technology
Near surface stream sediment transport flux is research Mechanism of Wind Blow Sand Movement and husky district's engineering design overriding concern problem.In stream sediment transport monitoring method, sand-taped instrument is a kind of visual plant of monitoring stream, according to collecting principle sand-taped instrument, can be divided into active and passive type, active being used in wind-tunnel, and passive type indoor and outdoor can be used, due to easy to use, used in a large number.Up to the present, in stream sediment transport monitoring method, formed various informative passive type sand-taped instrument, and the use of gradient sand-taped instrument is the most extensive.But the various gradient sand-taped instrument volume ratios of using are at present large or form is irregular, carry inconvenience, make field observation sampling inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of stream sediment transport monitoring method is provided, in the method, relating to device is trapezoidal sand-taped instrument, this sand-taped instrument is comprised of the husky passage of collection, training for sediment passage, sand-storing box, fixed head, sand-storing box shutoff screw, closing cap, adopt the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument relating in the method to carry out indoor and outdoor stream silt discharge and Structure of wind-Sand Flow mensuration, need not open sand-taped instrument can be at the scene by the husky taking-up of collection, there is operation, easy to carry, can increase work efficiency and reduce labour intensity.This sand-taped instrument suitable application region is wide, both can use at arid biogeographic zone, also can use in humid region, can be widely used in the research of the aspects such as environment, ecology, aeolian landform and sediment control structure.
A kind of stream sediment transport monitoring method of the present invention, in the method, relating to device is trapezoidal sand-taped instrument, this sand-taped instrument is comprised of the husky passage of collection, training for sediment passage, sand-storing box, fixed head, sand-storing box shutoff screw, closing cap, and concrete operations follow these steps to carry out:
A, choose stream sediment transport observation station, according to earth's surface wind direction, at ground down wind, dig a groove, the sand-taped instrument that installs closing cap (5) is put into groove, make it perpendicular to the ground, collect husky passway towards carrying out flow path direction, the husky passage of nethermost collection (1) mouth is concordant with earth's surface, backfill soil, near getting, ground surface soil is spread on earth's surface;
B, remove closing cap (5), record the time, start stream observation, in observation time 10 minutes, build closing cap (5), record the time;
C, sand-taped instrument is taken out, sand-taped instrument is kept flat, with screwdriver, back out the screw (4) of a bottom sand-storing box (3) bottom, with sample sack, be enclosed within this sand-storing box bottom, sand-taped instrument is holded up, make the grains of sand all from sand-storing box, transfer in sample sack, seal sample sack, the height of sand-storing box and sampling time on mark, and then screw is screwed on, the collection taking out one by one in turn in each sand-storing box is husky;
D, by step a, again lay sand-taped instrument, again observe.
Training for sediment passage (2) in the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument relating in described method is dip-parallel arrangement, inclination angle is 45 °, cross section is square, training for sediment passage (2) one end is connected with the husky passage of collection (1), the other end is connected with sand-storing box (3), forms the passage of Yi Ge UNICOM, and integrate husky passage (1), training for sediment passage (2) and the sand-storing box (3) of each layer interconnect, become "the" shape connecting pipe, the connecting pipe of each layer vertically superposes; Both sides mounting plate (8) at collection husky passage (1) and sand-storing box (3), makes sand-taped instrument become as a whole.
The horizontal parallel that the husky passage of collection (1) of the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument relating in described method is lower short upper length is arranged, and channel cross-section is square, adopts respectively oblique section (6) to be alternately connected with normal section (7) with the joint face of training for sediment passage (2).
The Hu Bu of each passage up and down UNICOM of training for sediment passage (2) oblique arrangement in the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument relating in described method.
The sand-storing box of the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument relating in described method (3) is upper short lower long array, 4 of bottoms of sand-storing box (3) sand-storing box is vertically arranged in parallel, cross section is rectangle, all the other sand-storing box horizontal parallel of top are arranged, cross section is square, and sand-storing box (3) adopts respectively oblique section (6) to be alternately connected with normal section (7) with the joint face of training for sediment passage (2).
Sand-storing box (3) one sides in the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument relating in described method are square-shaped hopper shape, in the bottom of square-shaped hopper shape, are sample tap, and shutoff screw (4) is housed on sample tap.
Closing cap (5) in the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument relating in described method is flat " U " shape cell body, and three faces stay mouth, for being socketed in collection husky passage (1).
Material in the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument relating in described method is stainless steel, iron sheet, organic glass or PVC material, adopts sheet material processing or rectangle pipe material directly to make.
A kind of stream sediment transport monitoring method of the present invention, related gradient sand-taped instrument in the method, is mainly comprised of collection husky passage (1), training for sediment passage (2), sand-storing box (3), sand-storing box shutoff screw (4) and closing cap (5) etc.; Sand-taped instrument comprises the husky unit of a plurality of collection, and each collects the vertical stack combinations in husky unit; Stream carrying enters the husky unit of collection under inertia effect, and is hunted down, and collection sand can be poured out by the osculum of sand-storing box (3) afterbody; In order to prevent that in non-observation time section, stream carrying enters sand-taped instrument, designed closing cap (6), during use, be socketed in the husky passage of collection (1) upper, during observation, remove.
For the problem of existing sand-taped instrument structure and processing and fabricating existence, technical solution scheme of the present invention is:
(1) general underlying surface Structure of wind-Sand Flow is with highly increasing and decline to a great extent, and the present invention is designed to sand-storing box size lower large little;
(2) sand-storing box of bottom is vertically arranged, upper level is arranged, and collects short upper length under husky passage, short under training for sediment passage, upper length; The width that collects husky passage, training for sediment passage, sand-storing box is all consistent; Training for sediment passage two ends and the husky passage of collection and sand-storing box welding, the oblique section that interface is different angles;
(3) collect husky passage, training for sediment passage and sand-storing box and be connected to a husky collector unit of collection, each unit stack combinations, both sides are fixed fender, and sand-taped instrument integral body is non-dismountable; Screw hole is arranged at sand-storing box bottom, and the husky sample of collecting in sand-storing box is poured out by the hole of sand-storing box bottom.This design proposal is actively dwindled this sand-taped instrument, and form is regular, is convenient to on-site sampling.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is sand-taped instrument one-piece construction of the present invention and side view.
Fig. 2 is sand-taped instrument front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is sand-taped instrument rear view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is shutoff screw figure on sand-taped instrument sample tap of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that the present invention collects husky passage and sand-storing box cutting processing figure.
Fig. 6 is training for sediment passage cutting processing figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment
A kind of stream sediment transport monitoring method of the present invention, in the method, relating to device is gradient sand-taped instrument, mainly the husky passage 1 of collection, training for sediment passage 2, sand-storing box 3, sand-storing box shutoff screw 4 and closing cap 5, consists of, concrete making step is:
Make the husky passage of collection and sand-storing box: with thin plate, be processed into pipeline, be cut into some isometric pipelines, be arranged as an array by pipeline is parallel, on the sidewall of pipeline, draw line of cut, the cutting section angle of adjacent channel is different, is respectively acute angle gamma and right angle (Fig. 5); Fig. 5 right side is the husky passage 1 of collection, for the horizontal parallel of lower short upper length, arranges, and left side is sand-storing box 3, for the horizontal parallel of lower short upper length is arranged;
Make training for sediment passage: with thin plate, be processed into pipeline, be cut into some isometric pipelines, pipe plane line tilt is arranged as to an array, inclination alpha is 30-60 °, form training for sediment passage 2; 2 liang of end sections of training for sediment passage are parallel, and cross section angle beta is 180 °-α-γ; Training for sediment passage 2 is arranged for dip-parallel, and inclination angle is 45 ° (Fig. 6); Training for sediment passage 2 one end are connected with the husky passage 1 of collection, and the other end is connected with sand-storing box 3, forms the passage of Yi Ge UNICOM; The husky passage 1 of the collection of each layer, training for sediment passage 2 and sand-storing box 3 are connected to a husky collector unit of collection, each collect husky collector unit in order stack combinations be integral, become "the" shape connecting pipe, the connecting pipe of each layer vertically superposes; Both sides mounting plate 8 at the husky passage 1 of collection and sand-storing box 3, makes sand-taped instrument become as a whole;
Collect the horizontal parallel that husky passage 1 is lower short upper length and arrange, adopt respectively oblique section 6 to be alternately connected with normal section 7 with the joint face of training for sediment passage 2, the Hu Bu of each passage up and down UNICOM of training for sediment passage 2 oblique arrangement;
Sand-storing box 3 is upper short lower long array, 4 of 3 bottoms of sand-storing box sand-storing box is vertically arranged in parallel, cross section is rectangle, all the other sand-storing box horizontal parallel of top are arranged, sand-storing box 3 adopts respectively oblique section 6 to be alternately connected with normal section 7 with the joint face of training for sediment passage 2, sand-storing box 3 one sides are funnel-form, in funnelform bottom, are sample tap, and shutoff screw 4 is housed on sample tap;
Closing cap 5 is flat " U " shape cell body, and three faces stay mouth, is socketed on the husky passage 1 of collection;
Material in the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument relating in described method is stainless steel, iron sheet, organic glass or PVC material, adopt sheet material processing or rectangle pipe material directly to make, integrating husky passage 1, training for sediment passage 2 and sand-storing box 3 cross sections can be as rectangle (square, rectangle), circle, ellipse, Long Circle etc.;
Gradient sand-taped instrument comprises the husky unit of a plurality of collection, and each collects the vertical stack combinations in husky unit, and stream carrying enters the husky unit of collection under inertia effect, and is hunted down, and collection is husky can be poured out by the sample tap of sand-storing box 3 afterbodys; In order to prevent that in non-observation time section, stream carrying enters sand-taped instrument, designed closing cap 5, during use, be socketed on the husky passage 1 of collection, during observation, remove;
During use, choose stream sediment transport observation station, according to earth's surface wind direction, at ground down wind, dig a groove, the sand-taped instrument that installs closing cap 5 is put into groove, make it perpendicular to the ground, collect 1 mouthful, husky passage towards carrying out flow path direction, husky 1 mouthful, the passage of nethermost collection is concordant with earth's surface, backfill soil, near getting, ground surface soil is spread on earth's surface, to reduce, buries the perturbation action of sand-taped instrument to earth's surface underground;
Remove closing cap 5, record the time, start stream observation, after observation certain hour (being generally less than 10 minutes), build closing cap 5, record the time;
Sand-taped instrument is taken out, sand-taped instrument is kept flat, with screwdriver, back out the screw 4 of bottom sand-storing box 3 bottoms, with sample sack, be enclosed within this sand-storing box bottom, sand-taped instrument is holded up, make the grains of sand all from sand-storing box, transfer in sample sack, seal sample sack, the height of sand-storing box and sampling time on mark, then screw 4 is screwed on, the collection taking out one by one in turn in each sand-storing box 3 is husky; And then again lay sand-taped instrument, again observe.
Claims (1)
1. a stream sediment transport monitoring method, it is characterized in that in the method, relating to device is trapezoidal sand-taped instrument, this sand-taped instrument is by the husky passage of collection, training for sediment passage, sand-storing box, fixed head, sand-storing box shutoff screw, closing cap forms, training for sediment passage (2) in wherein said trapezoidal sand-taped instrument is dip-parallel arrangement, inclination angle is 45 °, training for sediment passage (2) cross section is square, training for sediment passage (2) one end is connected with the husky passage of collection (1), the other end is connected with sand-storing box (3), form the passage of Yi Ge UNICOM, the husky passage (1) of collection of each layer, training for sediment passage (2) and sand-storing box (3) interconnect and are integrated, become "the" shape connecting pipe, the connecting pipe of each layer vertically superposes, both sides mounting plate (8) at collection husky passage (1) and sand-storing box (3), make sand-taped instrument become as a whole, the husky passage of collection (1) of described trapezoidal sand-taped instrument adopts the horizontal parallel mode of lower short upper length to arrange, and channel cross-section is square, adopts respectively oblique section (6) to be alternately connected with normal section (7) with the joint face of training for sediment passage (2), the Hu Bu of each passage up and down UNICOM of training for sediment passage (2) oblique arrangement in described trapezoidal sand-taped instrument, the sand-storing box of described trapezoidal sand-taped instrument (3) is upper short lower long array, 4 of bottoms of sand-storing box (3) sand-storing box is vertically arranged in parallel, cross section is rectangle, all the other sand-storing box horizontal parallel of top are arranged, cross section is square, and sand-storing box (3) adopts respectively oblique section (6) to be alternately connected with normal section (7) with the joint face of training for sediment passage (2), sand-storing box (3) one sides in described trapezoidal sand-taped instrument are square-shaped hopper shape, in the bottom of square-shaped hopper shape, are sample tap, and shutoff screw (4) is housed on sample tap, closing cap (5) in described trapezoidal sand-taped instrument is flat " U " shape cell body, and three faces stay mouth, for being socketed in the husky passage of collection (1) mouthful, concrete operations follow these steps to carry out:
A, choose stream sediment transport observation station, according to earth's surface wind direction, at ground down wind, dig a groove, the sand-taped instrument that installs closing cap (5) is put into groove, make it perpendicular to the ground, collect husky passage (1) mouth towards carrying out flow path direction, the husky passway of nethermost collection is concordant with earth's surface, backfill soil, near getting, ground surface soil is spread on earth's surface;
B, remove closing cap (5), record the time, start stream observation, observe 10 minutes in, build closing cap (5), record the time;
C, sand-taped instrument is taken out and to be kept flat, with screwdriver, back out the screw (4) of a bottom sand-storing box (3) bottom, with sample sack, be enclosed within this sand-storing box bottom, sand-taped instrument is holded up, the grains of sand are all transferred in sample sack from sand-storing box, sealed sample sack, the height of sand-storing box and sampling time on mark, and then the screw of screwing on, the collection taking out one by one in turn in each sand-storing box is husky;
D, by step a, lay sand-taped instrument again, again observe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210219780.XA CN102768106B (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Sand flow sediment transportation monitoring method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210219780.XA CN102768106B (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Sand flow sediment transportation monitoring method |
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| CN102768106A CN102768106A (en) | 2012-11-07 |
| CN102768106B true CN102768106B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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| CN201210219780.XA Active CN102768106B (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Sand flow sediment transportation monitoring method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106643935B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2023-10-17 | 盐城工学院 | Laser scattering multi-elevation sand transmission intensity synchronous measurement device |
| CN110186719B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2022-04-29 | 北京林业大学 | Sand collecting method and sand collecting device |
| CN111708104B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-07-13 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Device for measuring snow flux and snow density at different heights |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2310318Y (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 1999-03-10 | 中国科学院林业部兰州沙漠研究所 | Sand dust air corrosion sampling instrument |
| CN101949762A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-01-19 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Self-metering monitoring method for sand transport of near surface sand-driving wind |
| CN101949763A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-01-19 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Long-term monitoring method for wind-blown sand flow of near surface |
| KR101102060B1 (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-01-04 | 주식회사 나무공작소 | A sand blaster system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012041718A (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2012-03-01 | Nisshin Kizai Co Ltd | Mixed foot protection agent sampling device |
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- 2012-06-29 CN CN201210219780.XA patent/CN102768106B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2310318Y (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 1999-03-10 | 中国科学院林业部兰州沙漠研究所 | Sand dust air corrosion sampling instrument |
| CN101949762A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-01-19 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Self-metering monitoring method for sand transport of near surface sand-driving wind |
| CN101949763A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-01-19 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Long-term monitoring method for wind-blown sand flow of near surface |
| KR101102060B1 (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2012-01-04 | 주식회사 나무공작소 | A sand blaster system |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 新型主动式竖直集沙仪研制;顾正萌等;《西安交通大学学报》;20060930;第40卷(第9期);第1088-1091页 * |
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