CN102768106A - Sand flow sediment transportation monitoring method - Google Patents
Sand flow sediment transportation monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102768106A CN102768106A CN201210219780XA CN201210219780A CN102768106A CN 102768106 A CN102768106 A CN 102768106A CN 201210219780X A CN201210219780X A CN 201210219780XA CN 201210219780 A CN201210219780 A CN 201210219780A CN 102768106 A CN102768106 A CN 102768106A
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- sand
- passage
- storing box
- taped instrument
- husky
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- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a sand flow sediment transportation monitoring method, and a device adopted in the method is a trapezoidal sand sampler. The sand sampler comprises a sand collection passage, a sand guide passage, a sand storage box, a fixing plate, plugging screws of the sand storage box, and a seal cover. The trapezoidal sand sampler in the method is used for measuring indoor and outdoor sand transportation rate of sand flow and indoor and outdoor sand flow structures, collected sand can be taken out on the spot without the need of opening the sand sampler, and the sand sampler has the advantages of portability and convenience for operation, can improve the working efficiency and reduce the labor intensity, is applicable to areas of wide range, can be used at an arid area and a wet area, can be widely used for researching environment, ecology, aeolian landform, sand-proof engineering and other aspects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stream sediment transport monitoring method, relate to the wind sand environment monitoring instrument in this method.
Background technology
Near surface stream sediment transport flux is the research dust storm characteristics of motion and husky district's engineering design overriding concern problem.Sand-taped instrument is a kind of visual plant of monitoring stream in stream sediment transport monitoring method; Can be divided into active and passive type according to collecting the principle sand-taped instrument, active be used in the wind-tunnel more, and the passive type indoor and outdoor can be used; Since easy to use, used in a large number.Up to the present, in stream sediment transport monitoring method, formed various informative passive type sand-taped instrument, and the use of gradient sand-taped instrument is the most extensive.But the various gradient sand-taped instrument volume ratios of using at present are big or form is irregular, carry inconvenience, make the field observation sampling inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to; A kind of stream sediment transport monitoring method is provided; Relating to device in this method is trapezoidal sand-taped instrument; This sand-taped instrument is made up of the husky passage of collection, training for sediment passage, sand-storing box, fixed head, sand-storing box shutoff screw, closing cap, adopts the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument that relates in this method to carry out indoor and outdoor stream silt discharge and Structure of wind-Sand Flow mensuration, and need not open sand-taped instrument can be at the scene with the husky taking-up of collection; Have operation, advantage easy to carry, can increase work efficiency and reduce labour intensity.This sand-taped instrument suitable application region is wide, both can use at arid biogeographic zone, also can use in the humid region, can be widely used in the research of aspects such as environment, ecology, aeolian landform and sediment control structure.
A kind of stream sediment transport monitoring method of the present invention; Relating to device in this method is trapezoidal sand-taped instrument; This sand-taped instrument is made up of the husky passage of collection, training for sediment passage, sand-storing box, fixed head, sand-storing box shutoff screw, closing cap, and concrete operations follow these steps to carry out:
A, choose stream sediment transport observation station, according to face of land wind direction, down wind digs a groove on ground; The sand-taped instrument that will install closing cap (5) is put into groove; Make it perpendicular to the ground, collect husky passway towards coming flow path direction, the husky passage of nethermost collection (1) mouth is concordant with the face of land; Backfill soil, ground surface soil is spread on the face of land near getting;
B, remove closing cap (5), record the time, the observation of beginning stream in the observation time 10 minutes, is built closing cap (5), records the time;
C, sand-taped instrument is taken out, keep flat sand-taped instrument, back out the screw (4) of a bottom sand-storing box (3) bottom with screwdriver; Be enclosed within this sand-storing box bottom with sample sack, sand-taped instrument is holded up, make the grains of sand all from sand-storing box, transfer in the sample sack; Seal sample sack; The height of sand-storing box and sampling time on the mark, and then screw on screw, the collection that takes out one by one in order in each sand-storing box is husky;
D, a lays sand-taped instrument once more set by step, observes once more.
Training for sediment passage (2) in the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument that relates in the said method is arranged for dip-parallel, and the inclination angle is 45 °, and the cross section is a square; Training for sediment passage (2) one ends are connected with the husky passage of collection (1); The other end is connected with sand-storing box (3), forms the passage of a UNICOM, and the husky passage (1) of the collection of each layer, training for sediment passage (2) and sand-storing box (3) are connected to one; Become " it " font connecting pipe, the connecting pipe of each layer vertically superposes; Both sides mounting plate (8) at collection husky passage (1) and sand-storing box (3) makes sand-taped instrument become as a whole.
The husky passage of the collection of the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument that relates in the said method (1) is the short down long horizontal parallel arrangement of, and channel cross-section is a square, adopts oblique section (6) alternately to be connected with normal section (7) respectively with the joint face of training for sediment passage (2).
Each passage up and down of training for sediment passage (2) oblique arrangement in the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument that relates in the said method is UNICOM not mutually.
The sand-storing box of the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument that relates in the said method (3) is long array under the last weak point; 4 sand-storing boxs in sand-storing box (3) bottom vertically are arranged in parallel; The cross section is a rectangle; All the other sand-storing box horizontal parallel of top are arranged, and the cross section is a square, and sand-storing box (3) adopts oblique section (6) alternately to be connected with normal section (7) respectively with the joint face of training for sediment passage (2).
Sand-storing box (3) one sides in the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument that relates in the said method are the square-shaped hopper shape, are sample tap in the bottom of square-shaped hopper shape, and shutoff screw (4) is housed on the sample tap.
Closing cap (5) in the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument that relates in the said method is flat " U " shape cell body, and three faces stay mouth, is used to be socketed in collection husky passage (1).
Material in the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument that relates in the said method is stainless steel, iron sheet, organic glass or PVC material, adopts sheet material processing or rectangle tubing directly to make and gets final product.
A kind of stream sediment transport monitoring method of the present invention, related gradient sand-taped instrument in this method mainly is made up of collection husky passage (1), training for sediment passage (2), sand-storing box (3), sand-storing box shutoff screw (4) and closing cap (5) etc.; Sand-taped instrument comprises the husky unit of a plurality of collection, and each collects the vertical stack combinations in husky unit; The stream carrying gets into the husky unit of collection under inertia effect, and is hunted down, and collection sand can be poured out through the osculum of sand-storing box (3) afterbody; In order to prevent that the stream carrying gets into sand-taped instrument in the non-observation time section, designed closing cap (6), be socketed in during use on the husky passage of collection (1), remove during observation.
To the problem of existing sand-taped instrument structure and processing and fabricating existence, technical solution scheme of the present invention is:
(1) general underlying surface Structure of wind-Sand Flow declines to a great extent with highly increasing, and the present invention is little for going up greatly down with the sand-storing box size design;
(2) sand-storing box of bottom is vertically arranged, upper level is arranged, and collects the short length that goes up under the husky passage, and the training for sediment passage is short down, and is last long; The width that collects husky passage, training for sediment passage, sand-storing box is all consistent; Training for sediment passage two ends and husky passage of collection and sand-storing box welding, interface is the oblique section of different angles;
(3) collect husky passage, training for sediment passage and sand-storing box and be connected to a husky collector unit of collection, each unit stack combinations, both sides add fixedly fender, and sand-taped instrument integral body is on-dismountable; Screw hole is arranged at the sand-storing box bottom, and the husky appearance of collecting in the sand-storing box is poured out through the hole of sand-storing box bottom.This design proposal is actively dwindled this sand-taped instrument, and form is regular, is convenient to on-site sampling.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is sand-taped instrument one-piece construction of the present invention and side view.
Fig. 2 is a sand-taped instrument front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a sand-taped instrument rear view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is shutoff screw figure on the sand-taped instrument sample tap of the present invention.
Fig. 5 collects husky passage and sand-storing box cutting processing figure for the present invention.
Fig. 6 is training for sediment passage cutting processing figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment
A kind of stream sediment transport monitoring method of the present invention, relating to device in this method is the gradient sand-taped instrument, mainly is made up of the husky passage of collection 1, training for sediment passage 2, sand-storing box 3, sand-storing box shutoff screw 4 and closing cap 5, specifically making step is:
Make husky passage of collection and sand-storing box: be processed into pipeline with thin plate; Be cut into some isometric pipelines, it is an array that pipeline is arranged in parallel, and on the sidewall of pipeline, draws line of cut; The cutting section angle of adjacent channel is different, is respectively acute angle gamma and right angle (Fig. 5); Fig. 5 right side is the husky passage 1 of collection, arranges for following short long horizontal parallel, and the left side is a sand-storing box 3, for following short long horizontal parallel is arranged;
Make the training for sediment passage: be processed into pipeline with thin plate, be cut into some isometric pipelines, the pipeline parallel oblique is arranged as an array, inclination alpha is 30-60 °, forms training for sediment passage 2; 2 liang of end sections of training for sediment passage are parallel, and the cross section angle beta is 180 °-α-γ; Training for sediment passage 2 is arranged for dip-parallel, and the inclination angle is 45 ° (Fig. 6); Training for sediment passage 2 one ends are connected with the husky passage 1 of collection, and the other end is connected with sand-storing box 3, forms the passage of a UNICOM; The husky passage 1 of the collection of each layer, training for sediment passage 2 and sand-storing box 3 are connected to a husky collector unit of collection, each collect husky collector unit in order stack combinations be integral, become " it " font connecting pipe, the connecting pipe of each layer vertically superposes; Both sides mounting plate 8 at husky passage 1 of collection and sand-storing box 3 makes sand-taped instrument become as a whole;
Collect husky passage 1 and long horizontal parallel and arrange for short down, adopt oblique section 6 alternately to be connected with normal section 7 respectively with the joint face of training for sediment passage 2, each passage up and down of training for sediment passage 2 oblique arrangement is UNICOM not mutually;
Sand-storing box 3 is long array under the last weak point; 4 sand-storing boxs in sand-storing box 3 bottoms vertically are arranged in parallel, and the cross section is a rectangle, and all the other sand-storing box horizontal parallel of top are arranged; Sand-storing box 3 adopts oblique section 6 alternately to be connected with normal section 7 respectively with the joint face of training for sediment passage 2; Sand-storing box 3 one sides are funnel-form, are sample tap in funnelform bottom, and shutoff screw 4 is housed on the sample tap;
Closing cap 5 is flat " U " shape cell body, and three faces stay mouth, is socketed on the husky passage 1 of collection;
Material in the trapezoidal sand-taped instrument that relates in the said method is stainless steel, iron sheet, organic glass or PVC material; Adopting sheet material processing or rectangle tubing directly to make gets final product; Collect husky passage 1, training for sediment passage 2 and sand-storing box 3 cross sections and can be rectangle (square, rectangle), circle, ellipse, Long Circle etc.;
The gradient sand-taped instrument comprises the husky unit of a plurality of collection, and each collects the vertical stack combinations in husky unit, and the stream carrying gets into the husky unit of collection under inertia effect, and is hunted down, and collection is husky can be poured out through the sample tap of sand-storing box 3 afterbodys; In order to prevent that the stream carrying gets into sand-taped instrument in the non-observation time section, designed closing cap 5, be socketed in during use on the husky passage 1 of collection, remove during observation;
During use, choose stream sediment transport observation station, according to face of land wind direction; Down wind digs a groove on ground, and the sand-taped instrument that installs closing cap 5 is put into groove, makes it perpendicular to the ground; Collect 1 mouthful in husky passage towards coming flow path direction, husky 1 mouthful in the passage of nethermost collection is concordant with the face of land, backfill soil; Ground surface soil is spread on the face of land near getting, and buries the perturbation action of sand-taped instrument to the face of land underground with minimizing;
Remove closing cap 5, record the time, the observation of beginning stream behind the observation certain hour (being generally less than 10 minutes), is built closing cap 5, records the time;
Sand-taped instrument is taken out, keep flat sand-taped instrument, back out the screw 4 of bottom sand-storing box 3 bottoms with screwdriver; Be enclosed within this sand-storing box bottom with sample sack, sand-taped instrument is holded up, make the grains of sand all from sand-storing box, transfer in the sample sack; Seal sample sack; The height of sand-storing box and sampling time on the mark, to screw on screw 4 again, the collection that takes out one by one in order in each sand-storing box 3 is husky; And then lay sand-taped instrument again, observe once more.
Claims (8)
1. stream sediment transport monitoring method; It is characterized in that relating in this method device is trapezoidal sand-taped instrument; This sand-taped instrument is made up of the husky passage of collection, training for sediment passage, sand-storing box, fixed head, sand-storing box shutoff screw, closing cap, and concrete operations follow these steps to carry out:
A, choose stream sediment transport observation station, according to face of land wind direction, down wind digs a groove on ground; The sand-taped instrument that will install closing cap (5) is put into groove; Make it perpendicular to the ground, collect husky passage (1) mouth towards coming flow path direction, the husky passway of nethermost collection is concordant with the face of land; Backfill soil, ground surface soil is spread on the face of land near getting;
B, remove closing cap (5), record the time, the observation of beginning stream, observe 10 minutes in, build closing cap (5), record the time;
C, sand-taped instrument taken out keep flat, back out the screw (4) of a bottom sand-storing box (3) bottom, be enclosed within this sand-storing box bottom with sample sack with screwdriver; Sand-taped instrument is holded up; The grains of sand are all transferred to from sand-storing box in the sample sack, sealed sample sack, the height of sand-storing box and sampling time on the mark; And then the screw of screwing on, the collection that takes out one by one in order in each sand-storing box is husky;
D, a lays sand-taped instrument set by step again, observes once more.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the training for sediment passage (2) in the described trapezoidal sand-taped instrument is arranged for dip-parallel, and the inclination angle is 45 °; Training for sediment passage (2) cross section is a square, and training for sediment passage (2) one ends are connected with the husky passage of collection (1), and the other end is connected with sand-storing box (3); Form the passage of a UNICOM; The husky passage (1) of the collection of each layer, training for sediment passage (2) and sand-storing box (3) are connected to one, become " it " font connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe of each layer vertically superposes; Both sides mounting plate (8) at collection husky passage (1) and sand-storing box (3) makes sand-taped instrument become as a whole.
3. method according to claim 1; The husky passage of collection (1) that it is characterized in that described trapezoidal sand-taped instrument is the short down long horizontal parallel arrangement of; Channel cross-section is a square, adopts oblique section (6) alternately to be connected with normal section (7) respectively with the joint face of training for sediment passage (2).
4. method according to claim 1, each passage up and down that it is characterized in that training for sediment passage (2) oblique arrangement in the described trapezoidal sand-taped instrument be UNICOM not mutually.
5. method according to claim 1; The sand-storing box (3) that it is characterized in that described trapezoidal sand-taped instrument is long array under the last weak point; 4 sand-storing boxs in sand-storing box (3) bottom vertically are arranged in parallel, and the cross section is a rectangle, and all the other sand-storing box horizontal parallel of top are arranged; The cross section is a square, and sand-storing box (3) adopts oblique section (6) alternately to be connected with normal section (7) respectively with the joint face of training for sediment passage (2).
6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that sand-storing box (3) one sides in the described trapezoidal sand-taped instrument are the square-shaped hopper shape, is sample tap in the bottom of square-shaped hopper shape, and shutoff screw (4) is housed on the sample tap.
7. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the closing cap (5) in the described trapezoidal sand-taped instrument is flat " U " shape cell body, and three faces stay mouth, is used to be socketed in the husky passage of collection (1) mouth.
8. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the material in the described trapezoidal sand-taped instrument is stainless steel, iron sheet, organic glass or PVC material, adopts sheet material processing or rectangle tubing directly to make and gets final product.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210219780.XA CN102768106B (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Sand flow sediment transportation monitoring method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210219780.XA CN102768106B (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Sand flow sediment transportation monitoring method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102768106A true CN102768106A (en) | 2012-11-07 |
| CN102768106B CN102768106B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210219780.XA Expired - Fee Related CN102768106B (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2012-06-29 | Sand flow sediment transportation monitoring method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN102768106B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106643935A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-10 | 盐城工学院 | Laser scattering multi-elevation sediment transport strength synchronization measurement device |
| CN110186719A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-30 | 北京林业大学 | Collect method for determining sand and sand collector |
| CN111708104A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-09-25 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Device for measuring snow flux and snow density at different heights |
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| CN2310318Y (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 1999-03-10 | 中国科学院林业部兰州沙漠研究所 | Sand dust air corrosion sampling instrument |
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2012
- 2012-06-29 CN CN201210219780.XA patent/CN102768106B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
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| CN2310318Y (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 1999-03-10 | 中国科学院林业部兰州沙漠研究所 | Sand dust air corrosion sampling instrument |
| JP2012041718A (en) * | 2010-08-18 | 2012-03-01 | Nisshin Kizai Co Ltd | Mixed foot protection agent sampling device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106643935A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-10 | 盐城工学院 | Laser scattering multi-elevation sediment transport strength synchronization measurement device |
| CN106643935B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2023-10-17 | 盐城工学院 | Laser scattering multi-elevation sand transmission intensity synchronous measurement device |
| CN110186719A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-30 | 北京林业大学 | Collect method for determining sand and sand collector |
| CN111708104A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-09-25 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Device for measuring snow flux and snow density at different heights |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN102768106B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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Granted publication date: 20141210 |