CN109430182B - Fish collecting weir system with fish fluidity research function - Google Patents

Fish collecting weir system with fish fluidity research function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109430182B
CN109430182B CN201811465772.7A CN201811465772A CN109430182B CN 109430182 B CN109430182 B CN 109430182B CN 201811465772 A CN201811465772 A CN 201811465772A CN 109430182 B CN109430182 B CN 109430182B
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fish
grid
monitoring
passage
flow
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CN109430182A (en
Inventor
金志军
罗思
王猛
单承康
张庆
赵再兴
陈国柱
魏浪
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PowerChina Guiyang Engineering Corp Ltd
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PowerChina Guiyang Engineering Corp Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K69/00Stationary catching devices

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a fish collecting weir system with a fish flow tendency research function, which comprises a fish blocking and guiding device and a flow passage arranged at one side of the fish blocking and guiding device; the method is characterized in that: the fish blocking and guiding device comprises a fixed pier arranged on the bank of the river, a grid frame is fixedly connected to the fixed pier, and grid sheets and grid meshes are arranged on the grid frame at intervals; the flow passage is divided into an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is a advection passage, the middle layer is a fish collecting box, the lower layer is a monitoring passage, the monitoring passage is arranged on one side of the advection passage, and the fish collecting box is arranged at one end of the advection passage; the monitoring channel is adjacent to the grid mesh and the grid sheet. The invention can judge which fish in the river reach has the upward tracing habit of the flow, determine the upward tracing time period, determine the size of an individual to be traced, the water environment where the flow tracing occurs and other indexes, and achieve the purposes of monitoring the flow tracing of the fish and capturing the fish resources by utilizing a fish blocking and guiding measure.

Description

Fish collecting weir system with fish fluidity research function
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fish collecting weir system with a fish fluidity research function, and belongs to the field of fish protection in the context of hydraulic engineering.
Background
The fluidity is defined as the preference of fish to behavior due to water flow stimulation, the downward swimming of fish along the water flow is called negative fluidity, and the upward swimming of fish against the water flow is called positive fluidity. In the design of fish passing facilities in water ecological protection of hydraulic engineering, the research on fish diversion tendency is extremely important. In the design process of the fish passing facility, the fish passing object, the fish passing target, the fish passing season and the fish passing specification of the affected river reach are determined, and the fish diversion study is favorable for determining the indexes.
The fish fluidity study can be divided into two types, namely an indoor test method and a field investigation method. The indoor test method generally monitors the tracing habit of fish in a test water tank through a video; the field investigation method includes a hydroacoustic instrument monitoring method, a video monitoring method and the like. The disadvantage of the indoor test is that the water flow environment is controlled, and the fish tendency in the natural river reach can not be accurately predicted; for the monitoring of the underwater acoustic instrument, although the number of fish passing through the monitoring section can be monitored, the fish types are difficult to distinguish, and the monitoring range is limited; for simple video monitoring, the monitoring range of the camera is small and is not selected, but if the video monitoring method is combined with other measures for blocking and guiding fish, the monitoring effect and efficiency can be greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the fish gathering weir system with the fish tendency research function, which can be used for researching the fish resource quantity of the affected river reach, capturing fish and determining fish passing objects, fish passing seasons and fish passing quantity of fish passing facilities.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The invention provides a fish collecting weir system with a fish flow tendency research function, which comprises a fish blocking and guiding device and a flow passage arranged at one side of the fish blocking and guiding device; the method is characterized in that: the fish blocking and guiding device comprises a fixed pier arranged on the bank of the river, a grid frame is fixedly connected to the fixed pier, and grid sheets and grid meshes are arranged on the grid frame at intervals; the flow passage is divided into an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is a advection passage, the middle layer is a fish collecting box, the lower layer is a monitoring passage, the monitoring passage is arranged on one side of the advection passage, and the fish collecting box is arranged at one end of the advection passage; the monitoring channel is adjacent to the grid mesh and the grid sheet.
The grid plates and the grid mesh are arranged in parallel.
The monitoring channel is internally provided with a monitoring box, a camera, a water temperature recorder and a water depth recorder are installed in the monitoring box, and the camera is installed on a rear cover which can be opened in the monitoring box.
The fish collecting box is a net box with a horn mouth and a fish inlet.
The advection channel consists of a plurality of channels.
The fish blocking and guiding device is trapezoid and is arranged on the bank side of the river.
The fish collecting box is arranged at one end along the water flow direction.
The cross section of the grid sheet is an elliptic sheet, a grid sheet rotating handle is arranged at the upper end of the grid sheet, and the included angle between the grid sheet and water flow can be adjusted by 360 degrees through the grid sheet rotating handle.
The grid frame and the grid sheet are connected through a central shaft.
The grid is a grid with a hole distance of 10-15 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method can judge which fish in the river reach has the upward tracing habit of the flow, determine the upward tracing time period, determine the size of an individual to be traced, the water environment where the flow tracing happens and other indexes, and achieve the purposes of monitoring the flow tracing of the fish and capturing the fish resources in real time by utilizing a fish blocking and guiding measure;
2. the indexes such as the fish passing objects, the fish passing seasons, the fish passing time period, the individual sizes of the fish passing objects, the fish passing quantity and the like in the fish passing facility design are determined, and the method can be used as temporary fish passing measures in the dam construction period so as to slow down the influence of the construction period on aquatic organisms.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the AA of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the fish blocking and guiding device of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the flow channel of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
in the figure: 11-fixed piers, 12-grid frames, 13-grid sheets, 14-grid meshes, 131-grid sheet rotating handles, 2-flow passages, 21-advection passages, 22-monitoring passages, 23-fish collecting boxes, 221-cameras, 231-net boxes, 3-fishes, 31-upstream fishes and 32-downstream fishes.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the above.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a fish collecting weir system with a fish diversion research function comprises a fish blocking and guiding device and a flow passage 2 arranged at one side of the fish blocking and guiding device; the method is characterized in that: the fish blocking and guiding device comprises a fixed pier 11 arranged at the bank side of a river, a grid frame 12 is fixedly connected to the fixed pier 11, grid sheets 13 and grid nets 14 are arranged on the grid frame 12 at intervals (the fixed pier 11 and the grid frame 12 fix the grid sheets 13 and the grid nets 14), namely, the grid sheets 13 and the grid nets 14 are arranged at intervals; the flow passage 2 is divided into an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is a advection passage 21, the middle layer is a fish collecting box 23, the lower layer is a monitoring passage 22, the monitoring passage 22 is arranged on one side of the advection passage 21, and the fish collecting box 23 is arranged at one end of the advection passage 21; the monitoring channel 22 is adjacent to the grid 14 and the grid sheet 13.
Further, the above components can be removed and connected as desired.
The grid 13 and the grid mesh 14 are arranged in parallel.
The monitoring channel 22 is provided with a monitoring box, a camera 221, a water temperature recorder and a water depth recorder are arranged in the monitoring box, the camera 221 is arranged on an openable rear cover of the monitoring box, and the main purpose is to monitor the flow-driving habit of the fish 3 in the affected river reach, such as the habit of tracing (descending) time (including seasons and day and night), tracing (descending) types, tracing (descending) quantity, water depth preference and the like, and simultaneously monitor the environmental element-water temperature passing through the time point;
further, from the view of the path traced by the fish 3, the fish 3 can intensively enter the advection channel 21 under the action of the fish blocking and guiding device, and the fish 3 entering the advection channel 21 is monitored and recorded by the monitoring box.
The fish-collecting tank 23 is a net cage 231 with a bell mouth for entering fish.
The advection channel 21 may be divided into several channels according to the depth of water;
further, the advection channel 21 can be isolated according to the water depth of the arrangement points, so that the shooting range of the camera 221 is met, and the preference of the water layer of the fish 3 can be studied.
The fish blocking and guiding device is trapezoid and is arranged on the bank side of the river.
The fish collection tank 23 is installed at one end in the water flow direction.
The cross section of the grating 13 is an elliptic sheet, the upper end of the grating 13 is provided with a grating rotating handle 131, and the included angle between the grating 13 and water flow can be adjusted by 360 degrees through the grating rotating handle 131;
preferably, the water flowing upstream of the grating 13 changes the water flow direction at the grating 13, which causes turbulence of the peripheral flow field of the grating 13, and the fish 31 approaches the flow channel 2 under the influence of physical interception and secondary flow produced by the grating 13.
The grid 12 and the grid 13 are connected by a central axis.
The grid 14 is a grid with a hole pitch of 10-15 mm; the fish barrier has the function of further blocking the upward trace fish 31 and the downward fish 32, so that the fish 3 is guided to pass through the overflow channel 2, and the pitch of the grid 14 can be determined according to the size of the blocked fish 3.
In summary, the invention realizes full section monitoring of the water cross section, and researches the flow habit of the fish in the affected river reach, including the species of fish to be traced (or going down), the quantity of fish, the time (season and day and night) and the water temperature of the flow habit; and according to the fish 3 fluidity monitoring data, the fish passing object, the fish passing season and the fish passing quantity requirement of the fish passing facility are judged, and meanwhile, the system can be used as a fish uplink temporary fish passing facility in the engineering construction period.
Example 1
As described above, in a narrow river, it is required to monitor the upstream and downstream fish tendency, and at the same time, it is required to catch upstream fish, and the scheme is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the flow passage 2 is arranged on the side of the river bank, and the fish blocking and guiding device is arranged upstream and downstream of the flow passage 2. The fish 31 to be traced enters the advection channel 21 under the condition of physical interception (grating 13 and grating 14) and secondary flow (high turbulence characteristic) caused by the grating 13, the fish in the channel is further traced and enters the fish collecting box 23 by the monitoring of the camera 221 in the tracing process, at the moment, the workers transport the fish in the fish collecting box 23, and meanwhile, the data of the fish types, the quantity, the water layer preference, the water temperature recorder and the water level recorder in the monitoring video are analyzed and recorded; downstream fish 32 enters the fish collection box 23 under the guidance of the upstream grid 14, further passes through the monitored flow passage 2, and staff can analyze the quantity and the water depth selection of the downstream fish 32 by playing back the monitoring video, and record the water flow environment when the behavior occurs.
Example 2
As described above, in wide river channels, upstream fish tendency habit monitoring is required and fish is collected, and the following scheme is adopted:
as shown in fig. 5, the through-flow channel 2 is arranged approximately in the middle of the river channel through-flow section, and the fish blocking and guiding devices are arranged on two sides of the through-flow channel 2 and are arranged in a splayed shape. The fish 31 is traced upward to enter the advection channel under the condition of physical interception (grating sheets and grid meshes) and secondary flow (high turbulence characteristic) caused by the grating sheets, the fish in the channel is further traced upward to enter the fish collecting box under the monitoring of the camera in the tracing process, at the moment, the workers transport the fish in the fish collecting box, and meanwhile, the data of the fish types, the quantity, the water layer preference, the water temperature recorder and the water level recorder in the monitoring video are analyzed and recorded.
Example 3
As described above, in a wide river channel, upstream and downstream fish flow habit monitoring is required, and upstream fish is required to be caught, the scheme is as follows:
as shown in fig. 6, the flow passage is arranged in the middle of the river channel flow section, and the fish blocking and guiding devices are arranged at the upstream and downstream of the flow passage and are respectively arranged in a splayed shape. The fish to be traced enters a advection channel under the condition of physical interception (grating sheets and grating nets) and secondary flow (high turbulence characteristic) caused by the grating sheets, and the advection channel can be divided into a plurality of sub-channels so as to increase the channel flow-through area and meet the monitoring range of a camera. The fish entering the channel is monitored by the camera, the fish in the channel further goes up to enter the fish collecting box, at the moment, the worker transports the fish in the fish collecting box, and meanwhile, the fish types, the number, the water layer preference, the water temperature recorder and the data in the water level recorder which are recorded in the monitoring video are analyzed and recorded; downstream fish enter the fish collecting box under the guidance of the upstream grid, further pass through the monitored overcurrent channel, and workers select and analyze the quantity and the water depth of the downstream fish through playback monitoring video, and simultaneously record the water flow environment when the behavior occurs.

Claims (3)

1. A fish collecting weir system with a fish diversion research function comprises a fish blocking and guiding device and a flow passage (2) arranged at one side of the fish blocking and guiding device; the method is characterized in that: the fish blocking and guiding device comprises a fixed pier (11) arranged on the bank of a river, a grid frame (12) is fixedly connected to the fixed pier (11), and grid sheets (13) and grid nets (14) are arranged on the grid frame (12) at intervals; the flow passage (2) is divided into an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is a advection passage (21), the middle layer is a fish collecting box (23), the lower layer is a monitoring passage (22), the monitoring passage (22) is arranged on one side of the advection passage (21), and the fish collecting box (23) is arranged at one end of the advection passage (21); the monitoring channel (22) is adjacent to the grid (14) and the grid sheet (13);
a monitoring box is arranged in the monitoring channel (22), a camera (221), a water temperature recorder and a water depth recorder are arranged in the monitoring box, and the camera (221) is arranged on a rear cover which can be opened in the monitoring box;
the cross section of the grid sheet (13) is an elliptic sheet, a grid sheet rotating handle (131) is arranged at the upper end of the grid sheet (13), and the included angle between the grid sheet (13) and water flow can be adjusted by 360 degrees through the grid sheet rotating handle (131);
the fish blocking and guiding devices are arranged at two sides of the channel (2) and are arranged in a splayed shape, or the fish blocking and guiding devices are arranged at the upstream and downstream of the channel (2) and are respectively arranged in a splayed shape;
the grid plates (13) and the grid mesh (14) are arranged in parallel; the advection channel (21) consists of a plurality of channels; the fish blocking and guiding device is trapezoid and is arranged on the bank of the river; the fish collecting box (23) is arranged at one end along the water flow direction; the grid frame (12) and the grid sheet (13) are connected through a central shaft.
2. The fish-catching weir system with fish-flux-tending study function of claim 1 wherein: the fish collecting box (23) is a net cage (231) with a horn mouth and a fish inlet.
3. The fish-catching weir system with fish-flux-tending study function of claim 1 wherein: the grid mesh (14) is a grid with a hole pitch of 10-15 mm.
CN201811465772.7A 2018-12-03 2018-12-03 Fish collecting weir system with fish fluidity research function Active CN109430182B (en)

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109832222A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-06-04 武汉中科瑞华生态科技股份有限公司 It is a kind of for improving the transporting something containerized fish system of fish efficiency
CN112461157A (en) * 2020-11-16 2021-03-09 国电大渡河枕头坝发电有限公司 Fish passing monitoring system
CN112561294B (en) * 2020-12-08 2022-12-02 中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司 Fish dam-crossing analysis method for fish elevator engineering
CN114304086B (en) * 2021-11-12 2023-05-02 淮南师范学院 Fish diversity investigation sampling device

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CN209376499U (en) * 2018-12-03 2019-09-13 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 Fish collecting weir system with fish taxis research function

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JPH0581321U (en) * 1992-04-01 1993-11-05 日立造船株式会社 Equipment for collecting fish on dam roads
US6712555B1 (en) * 1998-07-20 2004-03-30 Current Solutions, L.L.C. Flow inducer fish guide and method of using same
JP2008154483A (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-07-10 Nippon Sakuhin Kenkyusho:Kk Method for capturing upstream-going fish, device and system for the same
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CN204335594U (en) * 2014-11-26 2015-05-20 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 A kind of flowing water gathers fish sample device
CN204326033U (en) * 2014-12-17 2015-05-13 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 That crosses fish formula ship lock blocks fish system
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