CN108464210A - A kind of beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method and beet cropping pattern - Google Patents

A kind of beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method and beet cropping pattern Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108464210A
CN108464210A CN201810296321.9A CN201810296321A CN108464210A CN 108464210 A CN108464210 A CN 108464210A CN 201810296321 A CN201810296321 A CN 201810296321A CN 108464210 A CN108464210 A CN 108464210A
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beet
obducens
membrane process
single seed
cultural method
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闫斌杰
王育红
赵丽梅
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Zhangye Research Of Agricultural Science Institute
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Zhangye Research Of Agricultural Science Institute
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/25Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method and beet cropping pattern, relate generally to field of planting.The beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method by using two-membrane process method, especially upper layer uses tunica albuginea, lower layer uses the covering method of black film, and combine the selection of land and field management advantage of science, so that the emergence rate and survival rate of seedlings of obducens single seed increase substantially, and then the yield of beet is improved, be conducive to increase economic efficiency.Therefore, above-mentioned beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method and include the beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method beet cropping pattern have important application value and vast potential for future development.

Description

A kind of beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method and beet plantation Pattern
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of planting, are cultivated in particular to a kind of beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process Method and beet cropping pattern.
Background technology
Beet is one of the main source of sugaring crop, and beet sugar has accounted for about the 2/5 of world's candy output.Beet list The application of grain kind (single embryo), more grain kind not only reduce sowing quantity, eliminate thinning final singling link, can also carry out whole machine Tool metaplasia is produced, and has the function of cost-saving synergistic.However, the region of not condition of drip irrigation by the Spring Festival arid, it is windy influenced, sweet tea Soil is easy evaporation of water in soil exsiccation after the live streaming of dish single seed, it cannot be guaranteed that moisture needed for the normal germination and emergence of seed;If flood after live streaming Flood irrigation, single seed top soil ability is weak, there is a problem that emergence rate difference and survival rate of seedlings are low, to promoting sweet single-grain kind application, machine Toolization development increases grower's income as a technical barrier.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural methods, significantly The emergence rate and survival rate of seedlings for improving obducens single seed, successfully solve that non-trickle irrigation area sweet single-grain kind emergence rate is low, difficulty of keeping a full stand of seedings The problem of, to promote single seed application, Mechanization Development, grower to increase income and walked out a way.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of beet cropping patterns comprising above-mentioned beet obducens single seed machine Tool two-membrane process cultural method, the items with above-mentioned beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method are excellent Point.
The present invention, which solves its technical problem, to be realized using following technical scheme.
The present invention proposes a kind of beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method comprising:
In the upper level of height above sea level 1600m Chuan Qu below or height above sea level 1700-2200m, respectively in 10-20 days April, 25- in April It May 10 was applied fertilizer, and was deep ploughed successively, harrowing a kind of farm tools, suppression work, deep ploughing depth is between 20-30cm;In conjunction with deep ploughing, mu applies urine Plain 20kg, phosphorus diammonium 30-35kg, potassium sulfate 10-15kg, zinc sulfate 1-2kg;
After site preparation of applying fertilizer, sprays 70-80mL/ mus of S-metolachlor and carry out closed soil treatment, then use 1.45 The tunica albuginea of rice and 1.40 meters of black film carry out mechanization two-membrane process precision drilling, and black film is under, and tunica albuginea is in upper, 1 film 3 of progress The seeding method of row, 1 a kind in cave;
When beet emergence rate obtains 50%, the tunica albuginea on upper layer is removed;
Field management, field management include pour water, weeding, insect prevention and diseases prevention.
The present invention also proposes a kind of beet cropping pattern, which includes above-mentioned beet obducens single seed machine Tool two-membrane process cultural method.
The beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method of the embodiment of the present invention and having for beet cropping pattern Beneficial effect is:Beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is covered by using double films The method of lid, especially upper layer use tunica albuginea, lower layer to use the covering method of black film, and combine selection of land and the field management of science Advantage so that the emergence rate and survival rate of seedlings of obducens single seed increase substantially, and then improve the yield of beet, are conducive to improve Economic benefit.Therefore, beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method provided in an embodiment of the present invention and include The beet cropping pattern of the beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method have important application value and Vast potential for future development.
Specific implementation mode
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention Technical solution be clearly and completely described.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer The condition of view carries out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase Product.
Below to the beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method and beet planting die of the embodiment of the present invention Formula is specifically described.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method comprising:
S1, in the upper level of height above sea level 1600m Chuan Qu below or height above sea level 1700-2200m, respectively in 10-20 days April, April It the 25-5 months 10 was applied fertilizer, and was deep ploughed successively, harrowing a kind of farm tools, suppression work, deep ploughing depth is between 20-30cm;In conjunction with deep ploughing, mu is applied Urea 20kg, phosphorus diammonium 30-35kg, potassium sulfate 10-15kg, zinc sulfate 1-2kg.
Further, when fertilising, having ready conditions can the organic fertilizer side 4-5 or biological organic fertilizer 20-30kg.
It should be noted that since beet is adaptable, therefore can be planted in Hexi Corridor height above sea level 2300m following region. In the selection of plot, the plot that topography is flat, soil layer is deep, stone is few is selected, low-lying viscous weight, heavily salted, ventilation should not be selected It is bad, kind cross beet in 4 years, preceding stubble sprayed the plot of the herbicides such as the grand class of sulphur and dipropalin.
S2, after site preparation of applying fertilizer, spray 70-80mL/ mus of S-metolachlor (trade name gold all you) and carry out soil Seal treatment, then using 1.45 meters tunica albuginea and 1.40 meters black film carry out mechanization two-membrane process precision drilling, black film under, Tunica albuginea upper, carry out 1 film, 3 row, 1 a kind in cave seeding method.
It is certain it is noted that grab moisture sowing it should be noted that when carrying out mechanization two-membrane process precision drilling, in addition, Middle-size and small-size two-membrane process seeding integrated machine can be used in the tool of sowing overlay film, to realize precision drilling and improve sowing efficiency.
Further, when beet emergence rate obtains 50%, the tunica albuginea on artificial removal upper layer it is noted that should not be when taking off film Soil on film surface, which is spread, to be covered on sowing cave.
S3, field management, field management include pour water, weeding, insect prevention and diseases prevention.
Further, when being poured water, Chuan Qu respectively pours water 1 time in June, July, early August, mid-September, totally 4 times, mountain area It respectively pours water 1 time in mid-June, late July, early September, totally 3 times.
Further, when carrying out weeding, in early or mid June weeds in field 2-4 piece, using a concentration of 21% it is peaceful Furan Huang and a concentration of 28% haloxyfop-r-methyl mixing spray.It should be noted that wherein, peaceful furan Huang according to 300mL/ mus of amount is sprayed, and haloxyfop-r-methyl is sprayed according to 15mL/ mus of amount, and is sprayed again after being spaced 15 days It applies primary.
Further, in early June and early July, using 60-80mL/ mus of chlopyrifos, effective cypermethrin 50-60mL/ Mu carries out the prevention of beet weevil and cabbage caterpillar.
Further, in mid-July, using 10mL/ mus of first Cipralan, controlling disease black spot.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of beet cropping pattern comprising above-mentioned beet obducens single seed mechanization is double Film mulching and planting method.It should be noted that beet cropping pattern provided in an embodiment of the present invention is due to including above-mentioned beet Obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method, therefore it has above-mentioned beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultivation side Every advantage of method, so it is likewise supplied with important application value.
The feature and performance of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
It applied fertilizer the 10-20 days April in the areas A, the 25-5 months in April 10, deep ploughed successively, harrowing a kind of farm tools, suppression work respectively, Depth of deep ploughing is in 30cm;In conjunction with deep ploughing, mu applies urea 20kg, phosphorus diammonium 35kg, potassium sulfate 15kg, zinc sulfate 2kg.
After site preparation of applying fertilizer, sprays 80mL/ mus of S-metolachlor and carry out closed soil treatment, then use 1.45 meters Tunica albuginea and 1.40 meters of black film carry out mechanization two-membrane process precision drilling, the tool for sowing overlay film covered using middle-size and small-size double films Lid seeding integrated machine, black film under, tunica albuginea upper, carry out 1 film, 3 row, 1 a kind in cave seeding method.
When beet emergence rate obtains 50%, the tunica albuginea on artificial removal upper layer, it is noted that should not be on film surface when taking off film Soil, which is spread, to be covered on sowing cave.
It respectively pours water 1 time in June, July, early August, mid-September, totally 4 times;In early or mid June weeds in field 2-4 piece, It is sprayed using a concentration of 21% peaceful furan Huang and a concentration of 28% haloxyfop-r-methyl mixing, wherein peaceful furan Huang is sprayed according to 300mL/ mus of amount, and haloxyfop-r-methyl is sprayed according to 15mL/ mus of amount, and is spaced 15 days It sprays again afterwards primary;In early June and early July, using 60mL/ mus of 80mL/ mus of chlopyrifos, effective cypermethrin progress beets The prevention of weevil and cabbage caterpillar;In mid-July, using 10mL/ mus of first Cipralan, controlling disease black spot.
Embodiment 2
It applied fertilizer the 10-20 days April in the areas B, the 25-5 months in April 10, deep ploughed successively, harrowing a kind of farm tools, suppression work respectively, Depth of deep ploughing is in 30cm;In conjunction with deep ploughing, mu applies urea 20kg, phosphorus diammonium 35kg, potassium sulfate 15kg, zinc sulfate 2kg.
After site preparation of applying fertilizer, sprays 80mL/ mus of S-metolachlor and carry out closed soil treatment, then use 1.45 meters Tunica albuginea and 1.40 meters of black film carry out mechanization two-membrane process precision drilling, the tool for sowing overlay film covered using middle-size and small-size double films Lid seeding integrated machine, black film under, tunica albuginea upper, carry out 1 film, 3 row, 1 a kind in cave seeding method.
When beet emergence rate obtains 50%, the tunica albuginea on artificial removal upper layer, it is noted that should not be on film surface when taking off film Soil, which is spread, to be covered on sowing cave.
It respectively pours water 1 time in June, July, early August, mid-September, totally 4 times;In early or mid June weeds in field 2-4 piece, It is sprayed using a concentration of 21% peaceful furan Huang and a concentration of 28% haloxyfop-r-methyl mixing, wherein peaceful furan Huang is sprayed according to 300mL/ mus of amount, and haloxyfop-r-methyl is sprayed according to 15mL/ mus of amount, and is spaced 15 days It sprays again afterwards primary;In early June and early July, using 60mL/ mus of 80mL/ mus of chlopyrifos, effective cypermethrin progress beets The prevention of weevil and cabbage caterpillar;In mid-July, using 10mL/ mus of first Cipralan, controlling disease black spot.
Embodiment 3
It applied fertilizer the 10-20 days April in the areas A, the 25-5 months in April 10, deep ploughed successively, harrowing a kind of farm tools, suppression work respectively, Depth of deep ploughing is in 30cm;In conjunction with deep ploughing, mu applies urea 20kg, phosphorus diammonium 35kg, potassium sulfate 15kg, zinc sulfate 2kg.
After site preparation of applying fertilizer, sprays 80mL/ mus of S-metolachlor and carry out closed soil treatment, then use 1.45 meters Tunica albuginea and 1.40 meters of black film carry out mechanization two-membrane process precision drilling, the tool for sowing overlay film covered using middle-size and small-size double films Lid seeding integrated machine, black film under, tunica albuginea upper, carry out 1 film, 3 row, 1 a kind in cave seeding method.
When beet emergence rate obtains 50%, the tunica albuginea on artificial removal upper layer, it is noted that should not be on film surface when taking off film Soil, which is spread, to be covered on sowing cave.
It respectively pours water 1 time in June, July, early August, mid-September, totally 4 times;In early or mid June weeds in field 2-4 piece, It is sprayed using a concentration of 21% peaceful furan Huang and a concentration of 28% haloxyfop-r-methyl mixing, wherein peaceful furan Huang is sprayed according to 300mL/ mus of amount, and haloxyfop-r-methyl is sprayed according to 15mL/ mus of amount, and is spaced 15 days It sprays again afterwards primary;In early June and early July, using 50mL/ mus of 60mL/ mus of chlopyrifos, effective cypermethrin progress beets The prevention of weevil and cabbage caterpillar;In mid-July, using 10mL/ mus of first Cipralan, controlling disease black spot.
Embodiment 4
It applied fertilizer the 10-20 days April in the areas B, the 25-5 months in April 10, deep ploughed successively, harrowing a kind of farm tools, suppression work respectively, Depth of deep ploughing is in 30cm;In conjunction with deep ploughing, mu applies urea 20kg, phosphorus diammonium 35kg, potassium sulfate 15kg, zinc sulfate 2kg.
After site preparation of applying fertilizer, sprays 80mL/ mus of S-metolachlor and carry out closed soil treatment, then use 1.45 meters Tunica albuginea and 1.40 meters of black film carry out mechanization two-membrane process precision drilling, the tool for sowing overlay film covered using middle-size and small-size double films Lid seeding integrated machine, black film under, tunica albuginea upper, carry out 1 film, 3 row, 1 a kind in cave seeding method.
When beet emergence rate obtains 50%, the tunica albuginea on artificial removal upper layer, it is noted that should not be on film surface when taking off film Soil, which is spread, to be covered on sowing cave.
It respectively pours water 1 time in June, July, early August, mid-September, totally 4 times;In early or mid June weeds in field 2-4 piece, It is sprayed using a concentration of 21% peaceful furan Huang and a concentration of 28% haloxyfop-r-methyl mixing, wherein peaceful furan Huang is sprayed according to 300mL/ mus of amount, and haloxyfop-r-methyl is sprayed according to 15mL/ mus of amount, and is spaced 15 days It sprays again afterwards primary;In early June and early July, using 50mL/ mus of 60mL/ mus of chlopyrifos, effective cypermethrin progress beets The prevention of weevil and cabbage caterpillar;In mid-July, using 10mL/ mus of first Cipralan, controlling disease black spot.
Experimental example
The experimental example of the present invention is used as sample experimental program using embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, and goes back root in each sample Made two groups of experiments (two kinds are respectively LS1216, SV1433) according to the difference of kind, in addition, in order to it is provided by the invention Scheme is contrasted, in experimental example also the areas C using obducens single seed mechanization precision point sowing and drip irrigation under film into Comparative example experiment is gone.Specifically result please refers to Tables 1 and 2:
1 two-membrane process beet single seed obducens kind mechanization precision point sowing result statistical form of table
2 two-membrane process beet single seed obducens kind mechanization precision drilling economic benefit of table counts
In conjunction with Tables 1 and 2 as can be seen that the Orthogonal rotational design of two-membrane process technology used in the embodiment of the present invention is compared In traditional drip irrigation cultivation method, under square one, per mu yield sugar amount and net income are significantly improved, is shown non- Often good economic benefit, this also fully demonstrates beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process provided in an embodiment of the present invention and plants The technological merit of culture method.
In conclusion beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is by adopting With the method for two-membrane process, especially upper layer use tunica albuginea, lower layer use black film covering method, and combine science selection of land and Field management advantage so that the emergence rate and survival rate of seedlings of obducens single seed increase substantially, and then improve the yield of beet, have Conducive to increasing economic efficiency.Therefore, beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method provided in an embodiment of the present invention And include the beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method beet cropping pattern have important popularization answer With value and vast potential for future development.
Embodiments described above is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The reality of the present invention The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but is merely representative of the selected implementation of the present invention Example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without creative efforts Every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method, which is characterized in that it includes:
In the upper level of height above sea level 1600m Chuan Qu below or height above sea level 1700-2200m, respectively in 10-20 days April, the 25-5 months in April It applied fertilizer, deep ploughed successively within 10th, harrowing a kind of farm tools, suppression work, deep ploughing depth is between 20-30cm;In conjunction with deep ploughing, mu applies urea 20kg, phosphorus diammonium 30-35kg, potassium sulfate 10-15kg, zinc sulfate 1-2kg;
After site preparation of applying fertilizer, sprays 70-80mL/ mus of S-metolachlor and carry out closed soil treatment, then using 1.45 meters Tunica albuginea and 1.40 meters of black film carry out mechanization two-membrane process precision drilling, and the black film is under, and the tunica albuginea is in upper, progress 1 The seeding method of 3 row of film, 1 a kind in cave;
When beet emergence rate obtains 50%, the tunica albuginea on upper layer is removed;
Field management, the field management include pour water, weeding, insect prevention and diseases prevention.
2. beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that on ground In block selection, the plot that topography is flat, soil layer is deep, stone is few is selected.
3. beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that fertilising When can the organic fertilizer side 4-5 or biological organic fertilizer 20-30kg.
4. beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that removal When the tunica albuginea on upper layer, the soil on film surface should be avoided to spread and covered on sowing cave.
5. beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that carry out When pouring water, Chuan Qu respectively pours water 1 time in June, July, early August, mid-September, and totally 4 times, mountain area is in mid-June, late July, September The first tenday period of a month respectively pour water 1 time, totally 3 times.
6. beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that carry out When weeding, in early or mid June weeds in field 2-4 piece, using a concentration of 21% peaceful furan Huang and a concentration of 28% height Effect haloxyfop-P-methyl mixing sprays.
7. beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described Peaceful furan Huang is sprayed according to 300mL/ mus of amount, and the haloxyfop-r-methyl is sprayed according to 15mL/ mus of amount, And it is sprayed again after being spaced 15 days primary.
8. beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that June The first tenday period of a month and early July carry out beet weevil and cabbage caterpillar using 60-80mL/ mus of chlopyrifos, 50-60mL/ mus of effective cypermethrin Prevention.
9. beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that July The middle ten days, using 10mL/ mus of first Cipralan, controlling disease black spot.
10. a kind of beet cropping pattern, which is characterized in that the beet cropping pattern includes claim 1-9 any one institute The beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method stated.
CN201810296321.9A 2018-03-30 2018-03-30 A kind of beet obducens single seed mechanization two-membrane process cultural method and beet cropping pattern Pending CN108464210A (en)

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Inventor after: Yan Binjie

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Application publication date: 20180831