CN108450645A - It is a kind of to improve the proteins deposited special compound feed of hybridization Pelteobagrus fulvidraco - Google Patents
It is a kind of to improve the proteins deposited special compound feed of hybridization Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Download PDFInfo
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- CN108450645A CN108450645A CN201711315428.5A CN201711315428A CN108450645A CN 108450645 A CN108450645 A CN 108450645A CN 201711315428 A CN201711315428 A CN 201711315428A CN 108450645 A CN108450645 A CN 108450645A
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- vitamin
- pelteobagrus fulvidraco
- meal
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Classifications
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
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- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
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- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
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- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The present invention relates to fish meal fields, disclose a kind of improve and hybridize the proteins deposited special compound feed of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, raw material is：10 ~ 25 parts of the super steam fish meal of import, 13 ~ 20 parts of domestic fish meal, 3 ~ 5 parts of globulin powder, 5 ~ 8 parts of shrimp med, 5 ~ 8 parts of import chicken meal, 5 ~ 8 parts of corn protein powder, 15 ~ 25 parts of dehulled soybean meal, 5 ~ 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 16 ~ 20 parts of Strong flour, 1.0 ~ 1.5 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.13 ~ 0.20 part of choline chloride, 2.5 ~ 6.0 parts of soybean oil, 1.0 ~ 3.0 parts of soyabean lecithin oil, 0.5 ~ 1.0 part of multi-vitamins, 0.5 ~ 1.0 part of composite mineral matter, 0.1 ~ 0.3 part of Flos Tagetis Erectae extract, 35 parts of special phagostimulant, 0.5 ~ 1.5 part of astragalus polyose.The feed of the present invention can reduce the feedstuff-meat ratio of hybridization Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, improve the proteins deposited of hybridization Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, increase cultured output.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fish feed, in particular to a special compound feed for improving protein deposition of hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco.
Background
The pelteobagrus fulvidraco is famous (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco (Richardson)), popular names including yellow wax, yellow bud head and the like, and is distributed in all water areas of China except western plateau.
The hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is obtained by hybridizing a pelteobagrus fulvidraco female parent and a pelteobagrus fulvidraco male parent which are bred for a long time, has the characteristics of the female parent and the male parent, and mainly has the following advantages: the growth speed is high and is higher than that of the common yellow catfish by more than 30 percent, the production period is greatly shortened due to excellent growth performance, and early seedlings put in the year can be listed in the market in the next half year; the feed efficiency is high, the sex glands of the male and the female are extremely degenerated, the absorbed nutrient substances are greatly used for the growth of the fish body, and the utilization rate of the feed is high; the immunity is strong, and the defect of low immunity of the full-male yellow catfish and the common yellow catfish is overcome. Good cultivation property, vigorous food intake, strong food robbing capability and suitability for high-density cultivation.
In the regions of Zhejiang province, Hubei province and the like, the male and female individual differences of local pelteobagrus fulvidraco fries are large, the sexual precocity is serious, the fry degeneration is serious, and the breeding benefit is difficult to guarantee. The hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco overcomes the defects of local pelteobagrus fulvidraco fingerlings, the call for breeding the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco in two lakes and the Shanghai province is higher and higher in a short period of two years, the first breeding households who begin to breed the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco can benefit from the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, but new problems occur, namely the body shape of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco bred by the common pelteobagrus fulvidraco feed on the market at present is lengthened, and the. Therefore, the development of the special compound feed for the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is a need for the development of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco breeding industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the special compound feed for improving the protein deposition of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, and the feed disclosed by the invention can be used for reducing the feed conversion ratio of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, improving the protein deposition of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco and increasing the breeding yield of farmers.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a special compound feed for improving protein deposition of hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-25 parts of imported super-steam fish meal, 13-20 parts of domestic fish meal, 3-5 parts of blood cell protein powder, 5-8 parts of shrimp meal, 5-8 parts of imported chicken meal, 5-8 parts of corn protein powder, 15-25 parts of peeled soybean meal, 5-10 parts of rapeseed meal, 16-20 parts of strong flour, 1.0-1.5 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.13-0.20 part of choline chloride, 2.5-6.0 parts of soybean oil, 1.0-3.0 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.5-1.0 part of compound vitamin, 0.5-1.0 part of compound mineral substance, 0.1-0.3 part of marigold extract, 3-5 parts of specific phagostimulant and 0.5-1.5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide.
The feed formula is not a conventional simple selection or combination, and according to the physiological and biochemical characteristics that the growth advantages of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco are obvious and the nutritional requirements are relatively biased to the omnivorous nature, the high-absorption-rate high-quality raw materials of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco are selected, the feed formula structure is optimized, the basic nutritional requirements are met, the optimization is performed on the aspects of food calling and intestinal tract and liver protection, the purpose is to promote the rapid and healthy growth of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, give full play to the advantages of rapid growth and disease resistance of the hybrid as far as possible, the production potential of the fish is given full play to the greatest extent, the feed consumption.
In order to achieve the purpose of rapid growth of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the invention optimizes the formula of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco basic feed in the following aspects:
1. the basic formula is as follows: the basic formula emphasizes the protein efficiency and the saving effect of fat substitute protein, in the aspect of protein efficiency, the invention uses rich animal protein sources, compared with common pelteobagrus fulvidraco feed, the nutrition concentration of amino acid in unit mass is increased, and in the aspect of configuration of fat sources, the invention uses soybean oil and soybean phospholipid oil as combined oil fat sources, the soybean oil is not easy to deteriorate, because the proportion of fish meal is adjusted to be about 40 percent, the fish meal also contains partial fish oil, the fish meal can meet the requirements of pelteobagrus fulvidraco on the fish oil, and the properties of the soybean oil are more stable than that of the fish oil in the processes of raw material storage and transportation and feed processing, so the prepared feed has reduced oxidation sources and reduced harm sources. The main components of the soybean phospholipid oil comprise grease, phospholipid, choline, unsaturated fatty acid, vitamin E and the like, the phospholipid is an important component of a biological membrane, is an indispensable component in animal brain, nervous tissue, bone marrow and internal organs, is very important for the growth and development of young animals, participates in the metabolism of lipid, promotes the digestion, absorption, transportation and synthesis of the lipid in feed, and prevents the generation of fatty liver.
2. And (3) combining phagostimulants: the kelp powder is high-quality kelp raw materials, 200-mesh powdery solid is prepared by removing impurities (manually removing fishing nets, iron wires, marine garbage and the like in the raw materials), washing, airing, cutting, drying, crushing, sieving and micronizing, is rich in various easily absorbed mineral elements and trace elements, and the algae-fragrant component DMPT can enhance the feeding attraction of aquatic animal feed; the seaweed powder is a self-nutrition plant capable of performing photosynthesis in the ocean lake, is rich in seaweed polysaccharide, mannitol, amino acid, protein, vitamins and trace elements such as potassium, iron, calcium, phosphorus, iodine, selenium, cobalt and the like, is rich and balanced in nutrition, has peculiar drug effect, and is shown by relevant research, and the seaweed powder added into the feed for the dairy cows by 5 percent can obviously increase the feed intake of the dairy cows and can increase the milk yield by about 6 percent.
3. The substances protecting the liver and the immune system are: the astragalus polysaccharide is a polysaccharide substance which is separated and extracted from astragalus and has specific physiological activity, has the functions of improving the immunity of organisms, resisting oxidation and tumors, promoting the growth of animal organisms and the like, and can be found by the research of the invention to be capable of functionally conditioning the micro-ecological balance of intestinal tracts, promoting the growth of intestinal villi and protecting livers.
In summary, the following steps: the invention takes comprehensive consideration from three aspects of fish growth, on one hand, in the aspect of feed preparation, the invention takes the aspects of high protein efficiency deposition and high fat absorption into consideration; meanwhile, under the condition of sufficient nutrition, the feed simultaneously regulates the food calling substances to promote the ingestion of the fish, so that the fish not only has high quality but also has more food, namely the feeding rate and ingestion rate of the fish are improved, and the rapid deposition of the nutrition in the fish body is achieved; thirdly, by combining the intestinal tract and the liver, the fish body can reasonably adjust the intestinal tract and liver channels under high nutrient concentration, the intestinal tract is healthy, the liver is ruddy, and the fish body is in a healthy state, which is the basic premise of quick growth.
Preferably, each component of the multivitamin comprises: 0.10-0.15 parts of vitamin A and vitamin D30.05 to 0.12 portion of vitamin K30.02-0.05 part of vitamin B10.15 to 0.25 portion of vitamin B20.25 to 0.4 portion of vitamin B60.15 to 0.3 portion of vitamin B120.05 to 0.06 portion, 1.0 to 2.3 portions of calcium pantothenate, 0.01 to 0.15 portion of folic acid, 0.8 to 0.9 portion of nicotinamide, 0.35 to 0.4 portion of biotin, 2.0 to 2.3 portions of inositol, 1.5 to 3.0 portions of vitamin E and 8 portions of vitamin C5.
After the compound vitamin is prepared, 0.5-1.0 part of the compound vitamin is added into the feed, and the composition and the dosage of each component of the vitamin are controlled, so that the compound vitamin is designed for the specific requirement of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco on the vitamin, and the compound vitamin has comprehensive nutrition and reasonable collocation.
Preferably, each component of the compound mineral comprises: 0.15-0.3 part of copper sulfate, 1.5-3.3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2.0-3.0 parts of amino acid-containing zinc, 0.5-0.8 part of manganese sulfate, 1.2-1.3 parts of cobalt chloride, 0.6-0.8 part of sodium selenite, 0.7-1.0 part of calcium iodate and 2.0-3.5 parts of magnesium sulfate.
After the compound mineral is prepared, 0.5-1.0 part of the compound mineral is added into the feed, and the composition and the dosage of each component of the mineral are controlled, so that the compound mineral is designed for improving the specific requirements of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco on trace elements, and is comprehensive in nutrition and reasonable in collocation.
Preferably, the specific feeding promoting agent is a powder prepared by mixing kelp and seaweed powder in a ratio of 0.5-1.5: 1.
Preferably, the preparation method of the kelp powder comprises the following steps: the kelp is made into powder solid with the granularity of 100 meshes and 300 meshes after impurity removal, washing, airing, cutting, drying, crushing, sieving and micro-powder.
Preferably, the astragalus polysaccharide is subjected to modification treatment: uniformly mixing astragalus polysaccharide, alanine and methyl methacrylate according to the mol ratio of 1:2-4:0.1-0.2, reacting for 3-5h at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 120 ℃ in water, performing rotary reduced pressure concentration, adding acetone as a solvent for crystallization, separating to obtain a crystal, adding the crystal into 45-55wt% of isopropanol solution, adding methyl iodide which is 0.1-0.5 times the mass of the astragalus polysaccharide, stirring for reaction for 3-5h, performing rotary reduced pressure evaporation to remove isopropanol, and sequentially washing, filtering, cooling, crystallizing and drying the product in vacuum to obtain the modified astragalus polysaccharide.
The molecular structure of the astragalus polysaccharide contains a plurality of hydroxyl groups, the hydroxyl groups are utilized to react with carboxyl on alanine, so that the alanine is grafted to the astragalus polysaccharide, then, the amino on the alanine is utilized to react with methyl iodide to obtain the quaternary ammonium salt functional group with the antibacterial function, and compared with the method of directly adding a purely artificially synthesized antibacterial agent or preservative into the feed, the invention has the advantages that the alanine and the astragalus polysaccharide are safe raw materials, no additive residue is generated, and the safety is high.
Preferably, the feed of the invention also comprises a buoyancy agent, and the preparation method of the buoyancy agent comprises the following steps: grinding and sieving coral reef to obtain 300-plus-500-mesh coral reef powder, transferring the coral reef powder to a muffle furnace, and calcining for 4-6h under the conditions of oxygen-free property and 1200 ℃ plus-1000-plus-1200 ℃ to obtain calcined coral reef powder; and uniformly mixing sodium bicarbonate and fish glue according to the mass ratio of 10:5-15, and granulating to obtain the 100-mesh 200-mesh buoyancy agent.
Preferably, the weight part of the buoyancy agent is 3-5 parts.
The feed needs to float upwards when being fed, and belongs to a floating feed. However, after the feed is put into water, the feed is easy to absorb water and sink (although an oil film is arranged on the surface of the feed, the feed still absorbs water and seeps water), and is not easy to be detected by the pelteobagrus fulvidraco, so that the feed ingestion rate is reduced, waste is caused, and the feed can pollute the water body in water for a long time. Therefore, the invention adds the floating agent into the feed. The floating agent is prepared from coral reef powder, sodium bicarbonate and fish glue, the main matrix of the coral reef powder before calcination is calcium carbonate, and the coral reef powder is calcined by the method, so that organic matters embedded in the matrix can be removed, the calcium carbonate can be heated and decomposed into calcium oxide, and after the organic matters and carbon dioxide are removed, the matrix of the coral reef powder becomes loose and porous, has a good specific surface area, and enables the calcium oxide to have high reaction activity after meeting water. The sodium bicarbonate is used as a gas source, the fish glue is used as an adhesive (natural and harmless), and the fish glue can also be used as a collagen nutrient substance.
The principle of the buoyancy agent of the invention is as follows: after the feed is put into water, the feed gradually absorbs water, calcium oxide reacts with water to release heat, sodium bicarbonate is heated and decomposed to release carbon dioxide gas, and the leakage of the gas is slowed down to a certain extent due to the obstruction of an oil film on the surface of the feed, so that the density of the feed is reduced, the feed floats upwards, and the utilization rate of the feed is improved.
Preferably, the preparation method of the feed comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out primary mixing, coarse crushing, superfine crushing, secondary mixing, granulating, drying, oil spraying and cooling on all the raw materials to obtain a finished product.
By the preparation method, feed ingredients can play a role in sterilization under the action of high temperature, high humidity and high pressure, so that protein is denatured, anti-nutritional factors are destroyed, the gelatinization degree of starch is improved, the digestibility is improved, and the stability in water is improved.
Preferably, the die diameter of the pellets is 1.0 to 3.0 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention aims at the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, comprehensively optimizes the basic feed formula, can reduce the feed conversion ratio of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, improves the protein deposition of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco, and increases the breeding yield of farmers.
2. The invention adds special phagostimulant and astragalus polysaccharide for protecting liver, which is beneficial to increasing the ingestion rate of feed and enhancing the immunity of fish bodies.
3. The floating agent is added, so that the utilization rate of the feed is improved, waste is avoided, and the cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a hybrid Pelteobagrus fulvidraco fed with the feed of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a photograph of a hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco bred with a common fish feed.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
General examples
A special compound feed for improving protein deposition of hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of imported super steam fish meal, 13-20 parts of domestic fish meal, 3-5 parts of blood cell protein powder, 5-8 parts of shrimp meal, 5-8 parts of imported chicken meal, 5-8 parts of corn protein powder, 15-25 parts of peeled soybean meal, 5-10 parts of rapeseed meal, 16-20 parts of strong flour, 1.0-1.5 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.13-0.20 part of choline chloride, 2.5-6.0 parts of soybean oil, 1.0-3.0 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.5-1.0 part of compound vitamin, 0.5-1.0 part of compound mineral substance, 0.1-0.3 part of marigold extract, 3-5 parts of specific feeding attractant (powdery substance prepared by mixing kelp and seaweed meal in a ratio of 0.5-1.5: 1), and 0.5-1.5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide.
Wherein,
the components of the compound vitamin comprise: 0.10-0.15 parts of vitamin A and vitamin D30.05 to 0.12 portion of vitamin K30.02-0.05 part of vitamin B10.15 to 0.25 portion of vitamin B20.25 to 0.4 portion of vitamin B60.15 to 0.3 portion of vitamin B120.05 to 0.06 portion, 1.0 to 2.3 portions of calcium pantothenate, 0.01 to 0.15 portion of folic acid, 0.8 to 0.9 portion of nicotinamide, 0.35 to 0.4 portion of biotin, 2.0 to 2.3 portions of inositol, 1.5 to 3.0 portions of vitamin E and 5 to 8 portions of vitamin C. After the compound vitamin is prepared, 0.5 to 1.0 part of the compound vitamin is added into feed.
The composite mineral comprises the following components: 0.15-0.3 part of copper sulfate, 1.5-3.3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2.0-3.0 parts of amino acid-containing zinc, 0.5-0.8 part of manganese sulfate, 1.2-1.3 parts of cobalt chloride, 0.6-0.8 part of sodium selenite, 0.7-1.0 part of calcium iodate and 2.0-3.5 parts of magnesium sulfate. After the compound mineral is prepared, 0.5-1.0 part of the compound mineral is added into feed.
The preparation method of the kelp powder comprises the following steps: the kelp is made into powder solid with the granularity of 100 meshes and 300 meshes after impurity removal, washing, airing, cutting, drying, crushing, sieving and micro-powder.
The preparation method of the special compound feed comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out primary mixing, coarse grinding, superfine grinding, secondary mixing, granulating (the die diameter is 1.0-3.0mm), drying, oil spraying and cooling on all the raw materials to obtain a finished product.
Example 1
A basic formula of a special compound feed for hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is prepared by mixing the following raw material components in parts by weight: 21 parts of imported super-steam fish meal, 15 parts of domestic fish meal, 3 parts of blood cell albumen powder, 3 parts of shrimp meal, 5 parts of imported chicken meal, 5 parts of corn protein powder, 14 parts of peeled soybean meal, 5 parts of rapeseed meal, 18 parts of strong flour, 1.0 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.20 part of choline chloride, 3 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.5 part of compound vitamin, 0.5 part of compound mineral substance and 0.2 part of marigold extract; the specific phagostimulant is: 3 parts of powdery material prepared by mixing the dried kelp and seaweed powder in a ratio of 1: 1; 0.6 part of astragalus polysaccharide.
Wherein, each component of the compound vitamin comprises: 0.12 part of vitamin A and 0.12 part of vitamin D30.08 portion of vitamin K30.04 portion of vitamin B10.2 portion of vitamin B20.3 part of vitamin B60.25 portion of vitamin B120.055 parts, 1.6 parts of calcium pantothenate, 0.08 parts of folic acid, 0.85 parts of nicotinamide, 0.36 parts of biotin, 2.2 parts of inositol, 2.2 parts of vitamin E and 6.5 parts of vitamin C.
The composite mineral comprises the following components: 0.22 part of copper sulfate, 2.34 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2.5 parts of amino acid zinc, 0.65 part of manganese sulfate, 1.25 parts of cobalt chloride, 0.7 part of sodium selenite, 0.85 part of calcium iodate and 2.8 parts of magnesium sulfate.
The preparation method is as described in the general examples: the particle size of the template is 1.0 mm.
Example 2
A basic formula of a special compound feed for hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is prepared by mixing the following raw material components in parts by weight: 18 parts of imported super-steam fish meal, 12 parts of domestic fish meal, 3 parts of blood cell albumen powder, 5 parts of shrimp meal, 5 parts of imported chicken meal, 5 parts of corn protein powder17 parts of skin soybean meal, 6 parts of rapeseed meal, 18 parts of high gluten flour, 1.0 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.20 part of choline chloride, 3 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.5 part of compound vitamin, 0.5 part of compound mineral substance and 0.2 part of marigold extract; the specific phagostimulant is: 3 parts of powdery material prepared by mixing the dried kelp and seaweed powder in a ratio of 1: 1; 0.6 part of astragalus polysaccharide, wherein each component of the compound vitamin comprises the following components: 0.10 part of vitamin A and 0.10 part of vitamin D30.05 part of vitamin K30.02 part of vitamin B10.15 portion of vitamin B20.25 portion of vitamin B60.15 portion of vitamin B120.05 part, 1.0 part of calcium pantothenate, 0.01 part of folic acid, 0.8 part of nicotinamide, 0.35 part of biotin, 2.0 parts of inositol, 1.5 parts of vitamin E and 5 parts of vitamin C.
The composite mineral comprises the following components: 0.15 part of copper sulfate, 1.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2.0 parts of amino acid zinc, 0.5 part of manganese sulfate, 1.2 parts of cobalt chloride, 0.6 part of sodium selenite, 0.7 part of calcium iodate and 2.0 parts of magnesium sulfate.
The preparation method is as described in the general examples: the particle size of the template is 2.0 mm.
Example 3
A basic formula of a special compound feed for hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is prepared by mixing the following raw material components in parts by weight: 15 parts of imported super-steam fish meal, 11 parts of domestic fish meal, 3 parts of blood cell albumen powder, 6 parts of shrimp meal, 6 parts of imported chicken meal, 5 parts of corn protein powder, 19 parts of peeled soybean meal, 6 parts of rapeseed meal, 17 parts of strong flour, 1.0 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.20 part of choline chloride, 3 parts of soybean oil, 3 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.5 part of compound vitamin, 0.5 part of compound mineral substance and 0.2 part of marigold extract; the specific phagostimulant product comprises: 3 parts of powdery material prepared by mixing the dried kelp and seaweed powder in a ratio of 1: 1; 0.6 portion of astragalus polysaccharide for functionally conditioning intestinal micro-ecological balance, promoting intestinal villus growth and protecting liver.
Wherein, each component of the compound vitamin comprises: vitamin preparation0.15 part of vitamin A and vitamin D30.12 part of vitamin K30.05 part of vitamin B10.25 portion of vitamin B20.4 portion of vitamin B60.3 part of vitamin B120.06 part, 2.3 parts of calcium pantothenate, 0.15 part of folic acid, 0.9 part of nicotinamide, 0.4 part of biotin, 2.3 parts of inositol, 3.0 parts of vitamin E and 8 parts of vitamin C.
The composite mineral comprises the following components: 0.3 part of copper sulfate, 3.3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3.0 parts of amino acid zinc, 0.8 part of manganese sulfate, 1.3 parts of cobalt chloride, 0.8 part of sodium selenite, 1.0 part of calcium iodate and 3.5 parts of magnesium sulfate.
The preparation method is as described in the general examples: the particle size of the template is 3.0 mm.
Example 4
A basic formula of a special compound feed for hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is prepared by mixing the following raw material components in parts by weight: 21 parts of imported super-steam fish meal, 15 parts of domestic fish meal, 3 parts of blood cell albumen powder, 3 parts of shrimp meal, 5 parts of imported chicken meal, 5 parts of corn protein powder, 14 parts of peeled soybean meal, 5 parts of rapeseed meal, 18 parts of strong flour, 1.0 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.20 part of choline chloride, 3 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.5 part of compound vitamin, 0.5 part of compound mineral substance and 0.2 part of marigold extract; the specific phagostimulant is: 3 parts of powdery material prepared by mixing the dried kelp and seaweed powder in a ratio of 1: 1; 0.6 part of modified astragalus polysaccharide and 4 parts of a floating agent.
Wherein, each component of the compound vitamin comprises: 0.12 part of vitamin A and 0.12 part of vitamin D30.08 portion of vitamin K30.04 portion of vitamin B10.2 portion of vitamin B20.3 part of vitamin B60.25 portion of vitamin B120.055 parts, 1.6 parts of calcium pantothenate, 0.08 parts of folic acid, 0.85 parts of nicotinamide, 0.36 parts of biotin, 2.2 parts of inositol, 2.2 parts of vitamin E and 6.5 parts of vitamin C.
The composite mineral comprises the following components: 0.22 part of copper sulfate, 2.34 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2.5 parts of amino acid zinc, 0.65 part of manganese sulfate, 1.25 parts of cobalt chloride, 0.7 part of sodium selenite, 0.85 part of calcium iodate and 2.8 parts of magnesium sulfate.
Modification treatment of astragalus polysaccharide: uniformly mixing astragalus polysaccharide, alanine and methyl methacrylate according to the mol ratio of 1: 3: 0.15, reacting for 4 hours in water at 110 ℃, performing rotary reduced pressure concentration, adding acetone as a solvent for crystallization, separating to obtain a crystal, adding the crystal into 50 wt% of isopropanol solution, adding methyl iodide with the mass of 0.3 time of that of the astragalus polysaccharide, stirring for reacting for 4 hours, performing rotary reduced pressure evaporation to remove the isopropanol, and sequentially washing, filtering, cooling, crystallizing and drying the product in vacuum to obtain the modified astragalus polysaccharide.
Preparation of a buoyancy agent: grinding and sieving coral reef to obtain 400-mesh coral reef powder, transferring the coral reef powder to a muffle furnace, and calcining for 5h under the conditions of oxygen-free and 1100 ℃ to obtain calcined coral reef powder; and uniformly mixing sodium bicarbonate and fish glue according to the mass ratio of 10: 10, and granulating to obtain the 150-mesh buoyancy agent.
The preparation method is as described in the general examples: the particle size of the template is 1.0 mm.
And (3) analyzing the culture cases:
(1) the special compound feed for the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is used in the whole process, and 0.5 ton of the feed in the embodiment 1, 2.3 ton of the feed in the embodiment 2 and 4 ton of the feed in the embodiment 3 are used firstly.
(2) The breeding period is 6 months, the bait coefficient is about 1.0, the head of the pelteobagrus fulvidraco is more than 200 g/tail, and the average specification is 100 g/tail.
In addition, as shown in fig. 1, the photo of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco bred by the feed is about 26cm in body length and 186g in weight; as shown in fig. 2, the photo of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco fed with the common fish feed has a body length of 27cm and a body weight of 162 g; by comparison, the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco bred by the method is heavier, and the tail stalk muscle deposition of fig. 1 is obviously more.
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field if not specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalents of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A special compound feed for improving protein deposition of hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco is characterized in that: the composite material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-25 parts of imported super-steam fish meal, 13-20 parts of domestic fish meal, 3-5 parts of blood cell protein powder, 5-8 parts of shrimp meal, 5-8 parts of imported chicken meal, 5-8 parts of corn protein powder, 15-25 parts of peeled soybean meal, 5-10 parts of rapeseed meal, 16-20 parts of strong flour, 1.0-1.5 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.13-0.20 part of choline chloride, 2.5-6.0 parts of soybean oil, 1.0-3.0 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.5-1.0 part of compound vitamin, 0.5-1.0 part of compound mineral substance, 0.1-0.3 part of marigold extract, 3-5 parts of specific phagostimulant and 0.5-1.5 parts of astragalus polysaccharide.
2. The special compound feed for improving the protein deposition of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to claim 1, wherein the specific feeding promoting agent is a powder prepared by mixing kelp and seaweed meal in a ratio of 0.5-1.5: 1.
3. The special compound feed for improving the protein deposition of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the kelp powder comprises the following steps: the kelp is made into powder solid with the granularity of 100 meshes and 300 meshes after impurity removal, washing, airing, cutting, drying, crushing, sieving and micro-powder.
4. The special compound feed for improving the protein deposition of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to claim 1, wherein the components of the compound vitamin comprise: 0.10-0.15 parts of vitamin A and vitamin D30.05 to 0.12 portion of vitamin K30.02-0.05 part of vitamin B10.15 to 0.25 portion of vitamin B20.25 to 0.4 portion of vitamin B60.15 to 0.3 portion of vitamin B120.05 to 0.06 portion, 1.0 to 2.3 portions of calcium pantothenate, 0.01 to 0.15 portion of folic acid, 0.8 to 0.9 portion of nicotinamide, 0.35 to 0.4 portion of biotin, 2.0 to 2.3 portions of inositol, 1.5 to 3.0 portions of vitamin E and 5 to 8 portions of vitamin C.
5. The special compound feed for improving the protein deposition of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to claim 1, wherein the compound mineral comprises the following components: 0.15-0.3 part of copper sulfate, 1.5-3.3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2.0-3.0 parts of amino acid-containing zinc, 0.5-0.8 part of manganese sulfate, 1.2-1.3 parts of cobalt chloride, 0.6-0.8 part of sodium selenite, 0.7-1.0 part of calcium iodate and 2.0-3.5 parts of magnesium sulfate.
6. The special compound feed for improving protein deposition of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to claim 1, wherein the astragalus polysaccharides are subjected to modification treatment: uniformly mixing astragalus polysaccharide, alanine and methyl methacrylate according to the molar ratio of 1:2-4:0.1-0.2, reacting for 3-5h at the temperature of 100 ℃ and 120 ℃ in water, carrying out rotary reduced pressure concentration, adding acetone as a solvent for crystallization, separating to obtain a crystal, adding the crystal into 45-55wt% of isopropanol solution, adding methyl iodide which is 0.1-0.5 times the mass of the astragalus polysaccharide, stirring for reaction for 3-5h, carrying out rotary reduced pressure evaporation to remove isopropanol, and sequentially washing, filtering, cooling, crystallizing and vacuum drying the product to obtain the modified astragalus polysaccharide.
7. The special compound feed for improving the protein deposition of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to claim 1, further comprising a buoyancy agent, wherein the preparation method of the buoyancy agent comprises the following steps: grinding and sieving coral reef to obtain 300-plus-500-mesh coral reef powder, transferring the coral reef powder to a muffle furnace, and calcining for 4-6h under the conditions of oxygen-free property and 1200 ℃ plus-1000-plus-1200 ℃ to obtain calcined coral reef powder; and uniformly mixing sodium bicarbonate and fish glue according to the mass ratio of 10:5-15:5-15, and granulating to obtain the 100-mesh 200-mesh buoyancy agent.
8. The special compound feed for improving protein deposition of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to claim 7, wherein the weight part of the buoyancy agent is 3-5 parts.
9. The special compound feed for improving the protein deposition of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: sequentially carrying out primary mixing, coarse crushing, superfine crushing, secondary mixing, granulating, drying, oil spraying and cooling on all the raw materials to obtain a finished product.
10. The special compound feed for improving protein deposition of the hybrid pelteobagrus fulvidraco according to claim 9, wherein the diameter of the granulated die is 1.0-3.0 mm.
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