CN108423768B - 一种电位氧化降解有机污染物的方法 - Google Patents

一种电位氧化降解有机污染物的方法 Download PDF

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CN108423768B
CN108423768B CN201810182584.7A CN201810182584A CN108423768B CN 108423768 B CN108423768 B CN 108423768B CN 201810182584 A CN201810182584 A CN 201810182584A CN 108423768 B CN108423768 B CN 108423768B
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方东
鲍瑞
易健宏
李秀娟
刘意春
李才巨
游昕
陶静梅
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种电位氧化降解有机污染物的方法，属于有机污染物降解领域，包括如下步骤：首先将粉末状的材料与乙炔黑一起机械混合球磨，之后压片，并作为正极材料组装成电池，充电到3‑4.2V，然后将充电后的电极材料取出并置于有机污染物溶液中浸泡，氧化降解有机物，本发明的降解有机污染物的方法简单，易操作。

Description

一种电位氧化降解有机污染物的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电位氧化降解有机污染物的方法，属于有机污染物降解领域。
技术背景
步入21世纪以来，能源、环境等日益成为未来人类亟待解决的重大问题。有机污染物持续增长，这些有机物在自然环境中难降解、滞留时间极长，可通过呼吸道、消化道摄入人体，亦有可能通过皮肤吸收进入人体，影响组织细胞供氧而造成内窒息，某些类别甚至还具有致癌性，对人类生存繁衍和可持续发展构成严重威胁。近年来有机污染物的降解已经引起了人们的高度重视，如何进一步提高对此类物质的降解成为国际上研究最为活跃的领域之一。如中国专利公开号CN104826606A，发明名称为“一种去除难降解有机物的吸附剂及其制备方法”。采用改性的黄麻纤维作为吸附剂来降解有机污染物，但改性黄麻纤维的过程中采用高温的微波处理。如中国专利公开号CN105502816A，发明名称为“一种污水中有机物降解的方法”。采用氧化，吸附，微生物降解的方法实现污水有机物的降解，在氧化的过程中选取双氧水、焦硫酸钠和紫外曝气的组合方式，此方法成本较高。如在2013年Electrochimica Acta第92期93-101页公开的名称为“Electrochemical degradation ofmethyl orange on Pt-Bi/C nanostructured electrode by a squarewave potentialmethod”中采用电化学氧化的方法利用Pt-Bi/C双金属电极降解废水中的甲基橙，具有高效的催化活性，但此实验中电极使用的碳纸成本较高，电沉积所需的氯铂酸和硝酸铋以及电沉积液所需的成本较高，不具有经济效益。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种电位氧化降解有机污染物的方法。
本发明的一种电位氧化降解有机污染物的方法，将粉末状的电池材料与乙炔黑一起机械混合球磨，之后压片，并作为正极材料组装成电池，充电到3-4.2V，然后将充电后的电极材料取出并置于将其置于有机污染物溶液中浸泡，制备方法按以下步骤进行：
a将粉末状的电池材料与碳以20:1～8:1的质量比一起机械混合球磨2-20h，之后压片，其中片的厚度为0.1-0.2cm；
b将步骤a中压好的片作为正极材料，组装成电池，充电到3-4.2V；
c将经步骤b充电到3-4.2V的电池拆开，取出步骤b中制得的电极材料，将其置于有机污染物溶液中浸泡，其中充电后的电极材料与溶液中所含有机物的质量比为1:5-1:50。
所述的电极材料为钴酸锂或钒酸锂或磷酸铁锂或或锂镍钴锰氧或钒酸钠或锰酸锂或镍酸锂或磷酸钒锂或钒酸铁或钒酸钾或钒酸铵或五氧化二钒中的一种。
所述的电池为锂、钠离子电池中的一种，分别以金属锂、钠为负极，分别以1mol/L的六氟磷酸锂、六氟磷酸钠的碳酸乙烯酯溶液为电解液。
所述的有机污染物为甲基橙，甲基蓝，甲基红，罗丹明B，氯酚，亚甲基蓝中的一种。
由于采用了以上技术方案，本发明的一种电位氧化降解有机污染物的方法，是指将粉末状的电池材料与乙炔黑一起机械混合球磨，之后压片，制备方法简便易操作。采用的电池材料价格低廉，成本较低。利用将电极材料充电到高电压，这样电极材料具有很高的氧化性来氧化降解有机污染物，且电极材料可以循环充电进而循环使用，此方法简便易操作，而且降解率较高，具有很好的应用前景。
具体实施方式
本发明的一种电位氧化降解有机污染物的方法，将粉末状的电池材料与乙炔黑一起机械混合球磨，之后压片，并作为正极材料组装成电池，充电到3-4.2V，然后将充电后的电极材料取出并置于将其置于有机污染物溶液中浸泡，制备方法按以下步骤进行：
a将粉末状的电池材料与碳以20:1～8:1的质量比一起机械混合球磨2-20h，之后压片，其中片的厚度为0.1-0.2cm；
b将步骤a中压好的片作为正极材料，组装成电池，充电到3-4.2V；
c将经步骤b充电到3-4.2V的电池拆开，取出步骤b中制得的电极材料，将其置于有机污染物溶液中浸泡，其中充电后的电极材料与溶液中所含有机物的质量比为1:5-1:50。
所述的电极材料为钴酸锂或钒酸锂或磷酸铁锂或或锂镍钴锰氧或钒酸钠或锰酸锂或镍酸锂或磷酸钒锂或钒酸铁或钒酸钾或钒酸铵或五氧化二钒中的一种。
所述的电池为锂、钠离子电池中的一种，分别以金属锂、钠为负极，分别以1mol/L的六氟磷酸锂、六氟磷酸钠的碳酸乙烯酯溶液为电解液。
所述的有机污染物为甲基橙，甲基蓝，甲基红，罗丹明B，氯酚，亚甲基蓝中的一种。

Claims (1)

1.一种电位氧化降解有机污染物的方法，其特征在于：将粉末状的电池材料与乙炔黑一起机械混合球磨，之后压片，并作为正极材料组装成电池，充电3-4.2V，然后将充电后的电极材料取出并置于有机污染物溶液中浸泡，氧化降解有机物，制备方法按以下步骤进行：
a将粉末状的电池材料与碳以20:1～8:1的质量比一起机械混合球磨2-20h，之后压片，其中片的厚度为0.1-0.2cm，所述的电池材料为钴酸锂或钒酸锂或磷酸铁锂或锂镍钴锰氧或钒酸钠或锰酸锂或镍酸锂或磷酸钒锂或钒酸铁或钒酸钾或钒酸铵或五氧化二钒中的一种；
b将步骤a中压好的片作为正极材料，组装成电池，充电到3-4.2V，所述的电池为锂、钠离子电池中的一种，分别以金属锂、钠为负极，分别以1mol/L的六氟磷酸锂、六氟磷酸钠的碳酸乙烯酯溶液为电解液；
c将经步骤b充电到3-4.2V的电池拆开，取出步骤b中制得的电极材料，将其置于有机污染物溶液中浸泡，其中充电后的电极材料与溶液中所含有机物的质量比为1:5-1:50，所述的有机污染物为甲基橙，甲基蓝，甲基红，罗丹明B，氯酚，苯酚，亚甲基蓝中的一种。
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