CN108409380A - A kind of method that agriculture wastes prepare environment-friendly fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of method that agriculture wastes prepare environment-friendly fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108409380A CN108409380A CN201810595324.2A CN201810595324A CN108409380A CN 108409380 A CN108409380 A CN 108409380A CN 201810595324 A CN201810595324 A CN 201810595324A CN 108409380 A CN108409380 A CN 108409380A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that agriculture wastes prepare environment-friendly fertilizer, belong to agriculture wastes and utilize technical field.The environment-friendly fertilizer first ferments fowl and animal excrement, crops stalk crushing, it ferments after house refuse sterilization treatment, again by the fowl and animal excrement after fermentation, agricultural crop straw after crushing, house refuse fermentate, wormcast and leaf mould are uniformly mixed, it is sent into the fermentation of high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond, the bacterium solution of organic fertilizer fermentation agent modulation is added, then it is seeded in high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond, it is uniformly mixed, the humic acid weighed again, urea and calcium superphosphate are diluted with water, mixing obtains being added in high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond after mixed liquor fermenting 20 28 days, tunning is dried at 45 65 DEG C after fermentation, water content is dried to below 10%, it was crushed to 300 400 mesh sieve after deodorization and obtains environment-friendly fertilizer.The environment-friendly fertilizer of the present invention is effectively utilized agriculture wastes, derives from a wealth of sources, can be to avoid soil hardening, the effect of playing loose soil property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to animal husbandry waste utilization technical fields, and in particular to a kind of agriculture wastes prepare environment-friendly fertilizer
Method.
Background technology
Crop growth needs various nutrient elements.Wherein, the required grand nutrition element of plant growth include carbon,
Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and sulphur, micronutrient element include boron, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, zinc and chlorine etc..Fertilizer is crops
Grain, the nutrient needed for crop growth will be supplemented by application fertilizer.With fertilising for many years, soil plate is caused
Knot, acidification, have accumulated a certain amount of heavy metal ion, some areas have resulted in pollution, influence food security.Therefore it studies such as
What improvement soil, raising Nitrogen element utilization rate is significant, however, traditional organic fertilizer products can not be solved preferably
Certainly various pollution problems, therefore, the development for accelerating environment-friendly fertilizer is extremely urgent.
Agriculture wastes can be divided into following several types according to its source difference:(1) vegetable waste is primarily referred to as
There is 1,000,000,000 tons or so of planting industry waste in agricultural crop straw, forest branch, weeds, fallen leaves, fruit shell etc., China every year;
(2) waste material of animality, is primarily referred to as feces of livestock and poultry, and China generates 2,700,000,000 tons of feces of livestock and poultry every year;(3) agricultural byproducts processing is produced
Raw waste, such as pomace, butcher crimson blood;(4) rural resident's domestic refuse, including night soil and house refuse.It is existing
Agriculture wastes, a large amount of various agricultural organic wastes are arbitrarily accumulated especially in rural area, fermentation, agriculture organic waste
The type of gurry is more, and source is wide, as long as to it rationally using turning waste into wealth, organic fertilizer it is different from chemical fertilizer
In, not only contain three kinds of essential elements of N P and K in organic fertilizer, also containing needed for calcium and magnesium and crop growth other are micro-
Secondary element, while organic fertilizer is conducive to improve soil physical properties, increases soil fertility.
Invention content
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the problems of the prior art, a kind of agriculture wastes preparation environment-friendlyfertilizer fertilizer is provided
The method of material.
The present invention provides a kind of methods that agriculture wastes prepare environment-friendly fertilizer, include the following steps:S1, according to weight
Amount part proportioning weighs raw material:80-100 parts of agricultural crop straw, 60-80 parts of feces of livestock and poultry, 20-35 parts of wormcast, house refuse 20-
35 parts, 15-25 parts of leaf mould, 10-20 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of urea, 10-20 parts of calcium superphosphate, organic fertilizer fermentation agent 30-
50 parts;
S2, fowl and animal excrement is stacked to progress natural, ecological fermentation in 1-2 months, harmful substance of degrading simultaneously reduces its water content,
Fowl and animal excrement after being fermented;
S3, agricultural crop straw is dried, moisture is controlled in 25-50%, the segment of 1-5cm is then crushed to, by life rubbish
Rubbish smash at 80-120 mesh household garbage particles, then by after crushing agricultural crop straw and biologic garbage particle carry out at sterilizing
Reason, the household garbage particles after sterilization treatment are placed in fermentation tank, and 10-15 parts of organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added 2-5 times
Water dilutes, and is modulated into bacterium solution, is then seeded in fermentation tank, is uniformly mixed, while being passed through air and being stirred, fermentation temperature control
System ferments 5-10 days at 45-65 DEG C, obtains house refuse fermentate;
S4, by the fowl and animal excrement after fermentation, the agricultural crop straw after crushing, house refuse fermentate, wormcast and rotted leaf
Soil is uniformly mixed, and is sent into the fermentation of high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond, and 5-10 times of water is added in remaining 20-35 parts of organic fertilizer fermentation agent
Dilution, is modulated into bacterium solution, is then seeded in high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond, is uniformly mixed, then humic acid, urea and the mistake phosphorus weighed
10-20 times of water dilution is added in sour calcium, and mixing obtains mixed liquor, is then added in high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond the 20- that ferments
28 days, tunning is dried after fermentation at 45-65 DEG C, is dried to water content 10% hereinafter, deodorization obtains environmental protection
The prefabricated material of fertilizer;
S5, the prefabricated feed powder of obtained environment-friendly fertilizer was broken to 300-400 mesh sieve, through comminutor after being uniformly mixed
It is granulated, completes the making of environment-friendly fertilizer.
Preferably, the agricultural crop straw is in maize straw, wheat stalk, rice straw, sugarcane bar, reed rod
Any one or two kinds and two or more mixing.
Preferably, the feces of livestock and poultry is chicken manure, sheep manure, cow dung, any one or two kinds in pig manure and two or more
Mixing.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer fermentation agent is EM bacteria agent.
Preferably, the wormcast is to eat and digest the excrement being discharged after fowl and animal excrement or sludge with earthworm.
Preferably, in S3, the temperature of sterilization treatment is 90-120 DEG C.
Preferably, in S4, the process conditions of the high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond fermentation include:Heap height is controlled in 80-100cm,
Width is 200-400cm, and control fermentation temperature is at 45-65 DEG C, and tunning temperature is reduced to room temperature after fermentation.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1, environment-friendly fertilizer of the invention is using agricultural crop straw, feces of livestock and poultry, wormcast, house refuse and leaf mould as master
It wants fermenting raw materials to prepare environment-friendly fertilizer, is effectively utilized farming and animal husbandry organic waste, being rich in feces of livestock and poultry has the content of organic matter
And N P and K, it is used as environment-friendly fertilizer, chronic administration can effectively improve the gas permeability of soil, the effect of playing loose soil property.
Meanwhile a large amount of beneficial microbe colony is contained by wormcast, it, can be fast after these a large amount of beneficial microbe colonies are manured into soil
Speed inhibits the breeding of harmful bacteria, beneficial bacterium to be able to breeding and expand, reduce the generation of soil disease, so that crops is not easy sick, support
Divide comprehensively, rich in each dvielements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, the zinc easily absorbed by crops, there is good lasting fertility, aeration, row
Aqueous and water conservation leaf mould is light loose, and retain water and nutrients ability is strong, and soil can be significantly improved after addition, is increase soil fertility.
2, the present invention produces environment-friendly fertilizer using agriculture wastes, is opened up to the efficient recycling of agriculture wastes
The industrial chain for having opened up agriculture wastes extends utilization of resources link, is the strong promotion to Agricultural recycling economy.
3, environment-friendly fertilizer preparation process of the invention is simple, is effectively utilized farming and animal husbandry organic waste, derives from a wealth of sources into
This is low, generation environment does not pollute, fertility foot, can effectively improve the gas permeability of soil, avoids soil hardening, plays loose soil property
Effect is that gourd, fruit and vegetable plants preferred environment-friendly fertilizer.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in detail below, it is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not
It is restricted by specific implementation.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creativeness
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of labour, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The method that a kind of agriculture wastes provided by the invention prepare environment-friendly fertilizer, includes the following steps:
S1, raw material is weighed according to weight:90 parts of agricultural crop straw, 70 parts of feces of livestock and poultry, 25 parts of wormcast, life
25 parts of rubbish, 20 parts of leaf mould, 15 parts of humic acid, 15 parts of urea, 15 parts of calcium superphosphate, 40 parts of organic fertilizer fermentation agent, middle peasant
Crop material includes 50 parts of maize straw, 30 parts of wheat stalk, 10 parts of sugarcane bar, wherein feces of livestock and poultry includes 30 parts of chicken manure, ox
20 parts of excrement, 20 parts of sheep manure, wherein organic fertilizer fermentation agent are EM bacteria agent;
S2, fowl and animal excrement is stacked to progress natural, ecological fermentation in 2 months, harmful substance of degrading simultaneously reduces its water content, obtains
Fowl and animal excrement after to fermentation;
S3, agricultural crop straw is dried, moisture is controlled 40%, is then crushed to the segment of 3cm, house refuse is smashed
At the household garbage particles of 120 mesh, the household garbage particles after sterilization treatment are placed in fermentation tank by 100 DEG C of progress sterilization treatments
In, 10 parts of organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added to 5 times of water and is diluted, bacterium solution is modulated into, is then seeded in fermentation tank, mixing is equal
It is even, while being passed through air and being stirred, fermentation temperature is controlled at 60 DEG C, is fermented 8 days, is obtained house refuse fermentate;
S4, by the fowl and animal excrement after fermentation, the agricultural crop straw after crushing, house refuse fermentate, wormcast and rotted leaf
Soil is uniformly mixed, and is sent into the fermentation of high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond, and 10 times of water dilution is added in remaining 30 parts of organic fertilizer fermentation agent,
It is modulated into bacterium solution, is then seeded in high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond, is uniformly mixed, then by the humic acid weighed, urea and peroxophosphoric acid
15 times of water dilution is added in calcium, and mixing obtains mixed liquor, is then added in high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond and ferments 25 days, controls
Heap a height of 80cm, width 300cm, for control fermentation temperature at 60 DEG C, tunning temperature is reduced to room temperature after fermentation, will send out
Ferment product is dried at 55 DEG C, and it is 5% to be dried to water content, and deodorization obtains the prefabricated material of environment-friendly fertilizer;
S5, the prefabricated feed powder of obtained environment-friendly fertilizer was broken to 400 mesh sieve, was made through comminutor after being uniformly mixed
Grain, obtains granular environment-friendly fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
S1, raw material is weighed according to weight:85 parts of agricultural crop straw, 75 parts of feces of livestock and poultry, 30 parts of wormcast, life
30 parts of rubbish, 23 parts of leaf mould, 18 parts of humic acid, 18 parts of urea, 18 parts of calcium superphosphate, 50 parts of organic fertilizer fermentation agent, middle peasant
Crop material includes 55 parts of maize straw, 30 parts of wheat stalk, wherein feces of livestock and poultry includes 20 parts of chicken manure, 35 parts of cow dung, sheep manure
15 parts, 5 parts of pig manure, wherein organic fertilizer fermentation agent are EM bacteria agent;
S2, fowl and animal excrement is stacked to progress natural, ecological fermentation in 2 months, harmful substance of degrading simultaneously reduces its water content, obtains
Fowl and animal excrement after to fermentation;
S3, agricultural crop straw is dried, moisture is controlled 30%, is then crushed to the segment of 2cm, house refuse is smashed
At the household garbage particles of 100 mesh, the household garbage particles after sterilization treatment are placed in fermentation tank by 110 DEG C of progress sterilization treatments
In, 15 parts of organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added to 5 times of water and is diluted, bacterium solution is modulated into, is then seeded in fermentation tank, mixing is equal
It is even, while being passed through air and being stirred, fermentation temperature is controlled at 55 DEG C, is fermented 6 days, is obtained house refuse fermentate;
S4, by the fowl and animal excrement after fermentation, the agricultural crop straw after crushing, house refuse fermentate, wormcast and rotted leaf
Soil is uniformly mixed, and is sent into the fermentation of high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond, and 10 times of water dilution is added in remaining 35 parts of organic fertilizer fermentation agent,
It is modulated into bacterium solution, is then seeded in high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond, is uniformly mixed, then by the humic acid weighed, urea and peroxophosphoric acid
20 times of water dilution is added in calcium, and mixing obtains mixed liquor, is then added in high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond and ferments 28 days, controls
Heap a height of 90cm, width 350cm, for control fermentation temperature at 55 DEG C, tunning temperature is reduced to room temperature after fermentation, will send out
Ferment product is dried at 50 DEG C, and it is 8% to be dried to water content, and deodorization obtains the prefabricated material of environment-friendly fertilizer;
S5, the prefabricated feed powder of obtained environment-friendly fertilizer was broken to 325 mesh sieve, was made through comminutor after being uniformly mixed
Grain, obtains granular environment-friendly fertilizer.
In fermentation process, it is important to control temperature, cannot be excessively high, it can not be too low.Temperature is more than 65 DEG C, and fertilizer can be lost
Expect nutrient;Temperature is less than 45 DEG C, cannot kill residual parasitic ovum in the feed, pathogen.It ferments, generates high-quality at 60 DEG C
Organic matter, humus and amount of heat, higher heat can all kill the parasitic ovum remained in raw material, pathogen
It goes out.
Environment-friendly fertilizer prepared by the above embodiment of the present invention 1 and embodiment 2 has the following advantages:The environment-friendlyfertilizer fertilizer of the present invention
Material prepares environment-friendly fertilizer using agricultural crop straw, feces of livestock and poultry, wormcast, house refuse and leaf mould as primary raw material fermentation,
It is effectively utilized farming and animal husbandry organic waste, being rich in feces of livestock and poultry has the content of organic matter and N P and K, makes as environment-friendly fertilizer
With chronic administration can effectively improve the gas permeability of soil, the effect of playing loose soil property.
Meanwhile a large amount of beneficial microbe colony is contained by wormcast, these a large amount of beneficial microbe colonies apply soil
After earth, the breeding of harmful bacteria, beneficial bacterium can be inhibited to be able to breeding and expand, reduce the generation of soil disease, make crops not rapidly
Easily sick, nutrient is comprehensive, rich in each dvielement such as nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc easily absorbed by crops, have good lasting fertility,
Aeration, drainage and water conservation leaf mould are light loose, and retain water and nutrients ability is strong, and soil can be significantly improved after addition, improve soil
Earth fertility.
The environment-friendly fertilizer preparation process of the present invention is simple, is effectively utilized farming and animal husbandry organic waste, derives from a wealth of sources cost
It is low, generation environment pollution, fertility foot, can effectively improve the gas permeability of soil, avoid soil hardening, play the work(of loose soil property
Effect is that gourd, fruit and vegetable plants preferred environment-friendly fertilizer.
Application effect embodiment:
It is tested in Shaanxi city agricultural Demonstration Garden, experiment is tomato in plastic greenhouse with the subject of crop.Experiment is divided to two
Group:It applies fertilizer with carrying out the tomato planting to identical area respectively, selects and environmental protection prepared by embodiment 1 is implemented to tomato in plastic greenhouse
Fertilizer is test group, and it is control group to implement common fertilizer in the market to tomato in plastic greenhouse, Planting Row Distance 80cm, spacing in the rows 20cm,
All management are identical, single-dose application are carried out every 10 days, and combine field pipe-net, obtain the data of following table:
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
Understanding without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention can carry out these embodiments a variety of variations, modification, replace
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method that agriculture wastes prepare environment-friendly fertilizer, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
S1, raw material is weighed according to weight:80-100 parts of agricultural crop straw, 60-80 parts of feces of livestock and poultry, wormcast 20-35
Part, 10-20 parts of calcium superphosphate, has 20-35 parts of house refuse, 15-25 parts of leaf mould, 10-20 parts of humic acid, 10-20 parts of urea
30-50 parts of machine fertilizer leavening;
S2, fowl and animal excrement is stacked to progress natural, ecological fermentation in 1-2 months, harmful substance of degrading simultaneously reduces its water content, obtains
Fowl and animal excrement after fermentation;
S3, agricultural crop straw is dried, moisture is controlled in 25-50%, the segment of 1-5cm is then crushed to, by house refuse powder
Essence carries out sterilization treatment, the household garbage particles after sterilization treatment is placed in fermentation tank at the household garbage particles of 80-120 mesh
In, 10-15 parts of organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added to 2-5 times of water and is diluted, bacterium solution is modulated into, is then seeded in fermentation tank, mix
It closes uniformly, while being passed through air and being stirred, fermentation temperature is controlled at 45-65 DEG C, is fermented 5-10 days, and house refuse fermentation is obtained
Object;
S4, the fowl and animal excrement after fermentation, the agricultural crop straw after crushing, house refuse fermentate, wormcast and leaf mould are stirred
Uniformly mixed, feeding high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond fermentation is mixed, the water that remaining 20-35 parts of organic fertilizer fermentation agent is added 5-10 times is dilute
It releases, is modulated into bacterium solution, be then seeded in high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond, be uniformly mixed, then by the humic acid weighed, urea and cross phosphorus
10-20 times of water dilution is added in sour calcium, and mixing obtains mixed liquor, is then added in high-temperature aerobic fermentation pond the 20- that ferments
28 days, tunning is dried after fermentation at 45-65 DEG C, is dried to water content 10% hereinafter, deodorization obtains environmental protection
The prefabricated material of fertilizer;
S5, the prefabricated feed powder of obtained environment-friendly fertilizer was broken to 200-400 mesh sieve, was made through comminutor after being uniformly mixed
Grain, completes the making of environment-friendly fertilizer.
2. a kind of method that agriculture wastes prepare environment-friendly fertilizer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the farming
Object stalk be maize straw, wheat stalk, rice straw, sugarcane bar, any one or two kinds and two kinds in reed rod with
On mixing.
3. a kind of method that agriculture wastes prepare environment-friendly fertilizer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the livestock and poultry
Excrement is any one or two kinds and two or more mixing in chicken manure, sheep manure, cow dung, pig manure.
4. a kind of method that agriculture wastes prepare environment-friendly fertilizer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described organic
Fertile leavening is EM bacteria agent.
5. a kind of method that agriculture wastes prepare environment-friendly fertilizer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the earthworm
Excrement is to eat and digest the excrement being discharged after fowl and animal excrement or sludge with earthworm.
6. a kind of method that agriculture wastes prepare environment-friendly fertilizer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in S3, go out
The temperature of bacterium processing is 90-120 DEG C.
7. a kind of method that agriculture wastes prepare environment-friendly fertilizer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that high in S4
The process conditions of warm aerobic fermentation pond fermentation include:Heap height is controlled in 80-100cm, width 200-400cm, control fermentation temperature
Degree is at 45-65 DEG C, and tunning temperature is reduced to room temperature after fermentation.
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CN108863681A (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2018-11-23 | 张家界桃花溪生态旅游开发有限公司 | A kind of fruit tree fertilizer formula and preparation method thereof |
CN108911800A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-11-30 | 倪晓燕 | A kind of method for producing compost |
CN109320383A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-02-12 | 河南吉祥地农业开发有限公司 | Biological organic fertilizer and its processing method |
CN110668881A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-10 | 宁夏鸿辰有机农业开发有限公司 | High-calcium selenium-rich multi-zinc health-care product crop fertilizer |
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