CN108402343B - Artificial feed formula for harris baccarum - Google Patents
Artificial feed formula for harris baccarum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an artificial feed formula for lygus punctatus, which comprises 10-30 parts by weight of maggot powder, 10-20 parts by weight of beef liver, 5-15 parts by weight of egg yolk, 5-17.5 parts by volume of tussah silkworm hemolymph and 3.5-8 parts by weight of honey; the artificial feed can replace yellow mealworms to feed fleahopper furiosus, can ensure the normal growth and development of the fleahopper furiosus, and can improve the nymph survival rate and the offspring hatchability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an artificial feed formula for lygus furcatus, in particular to an artificial feed formula for predatory natural enemy insect lygus furcatus.
Background
The harlequin glorybower fruit flesh polypeptide (Wolff) belongs to the Eoconthecola of Hemiptera of the family Musaceae of the family Pentatamidae of the genus Ephinidae, is an important predatory natural enemy on agricultural and forest crops, is widely distributed in south China, has a wide predation range, relates to more than 40 larvae of Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera and the like, particularly prefers Lepidoptera larvae, such as spodoptera litura, beet armyworm, cabbage caterpillar, diamond back moth, inchworm, Ostrinia nubilalis and the like, has a strong predation effect, and has a good application prospect.
At present, some methods for artificially feeding harris baccarum have been studied at home and abroad, but most of the harris baccarum are fed by taking natural yellow mealworms as feed, but the breeding quantity of the yellow mealworms is limited, the feeding procedure is complicated, and the simple feeding requirement of the harris baccarum cannot be met. For this reason, artificial feed formulas of the lygus furcatus are researched in China, but most of the formulas are single in component, animal source proteins and vitamin sources are insufficient, so that the lygus furcatus cannot survive well, and the nymph survival rate and the offspring hatching rate of the lygus furcatus are low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the artificial feed which can replace yellow mealworms to feed the harlequin bugs, ensure the normal growth and development of the harlequin bugs and improve the nymph survival rate and the offspring hatching rate of the harlequin bugs.
The invention provides an artificial feed formula for lygus pratensis, which comprises maggot powder, beef liver, egg yolk, honey and tussah hemolymph; wherein the maggot powder, the beef liver, the egg yolk and the honey are respectively 10-30 parts by weight of maggot powder, 10-20 parts by weight of beef liver, 5-15 parts by weight of egg yolk and 3.5-8 parts by weight of honey; the tussah blood lymph contains 5-17.5 volume parts by volume parts, wherein the ratio of 1 weight part to 1 volume part is 1 g/mL.
Preferably, the feed formulation further comprises:
1 part of royal jelly, 0.1 part of trehalose, 8 parts of fresh milk and 2 parts of vegetable juice.
Further preferably, the feed formulation further comprises: 2 parts of yeast powder, 0.4 part of choline chloride, 0.1 part of ascorbic acid and 0.05 part of streptomycin sulfate.
Preferably, the feed formulation comprises:
30 parts of maggot powder, 15 parts of beef liver, 10 parts of egg yolk, 10 parts of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 5 parts of honey, 1 part of royal jelly, 0.1 part of trehalose, 2 parts of yeast powder, 0.4 part of choline chloride, 0.1 part of ascorbic acid, 0.05 part of streptomycin sulfate, 8 parts of fresh milk and 2 parts of vegetable juice.
Preferably, the feed formulation comprises:
20 parts of maggot powder, 15 parts of beef liver, 10 parts of egg yolk, 10 parts of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 8 parts of honey, 1 part of royal jelly, 0.1 part of trehalose, 2 parts of yeast powder, 0.4 part of choline chloride, 0.1 part of ascorbic acid, 0.05 part of streptomycin sulfate, 8 parts of fresh milk and 2 parts of vegetable juice.
Preferably, the feed formulation comprises:
20 parts of maggot powder, 20 parts of beef liver, 10 parts of egg yolk, 10 parts of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 5 parts of honey, 1 part of royal jelly, 0.1 part of trehalose, 2 parts of yeast powder, 0.4 part of choline chloride, 0.1 part of ascorbic acid, 0.05 part of streptomycin sulfate, 8 parts of fresh milk and 2 parts of vegetable juice.
Preferably, the feed formulation comprises:
15 parts of maggot powder, 12.5 parts of beef liver, 12.5 parts of egg yolk, 7.5 parts of tussah blood lymph, 3.5 parts of honey, 1 part of royal jelly, 0.1 part of trehalose, 2 parts of yeast powder, 0.4 part of choline chloride, 0.1 part of ascorbic acid, 0.05 part of streptomycin sulfate, 8 parts of fresh milk and 2 parts of vegetable juice.
Preferably, the feed formulation comprises:
20 parts of maggot powder, 15 parts of beef liver, 15 parts of egg yolk, 10 parts of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 5 parts of honey, 1 part of royal jelly, 0.1 part of trehalose, 2 parts of yeast powder, 0.4 part of choline chloride, 0.1 part of ascorbic acid, 0.05 part of streptomycin sulfate, 8 parts of fresh milk and 2 parts of vegetable juice.
Further preferably, the vegetable juice is a heart juice.
In the second scheme, the weight unit of the feed is calculated by g, and the volume unit is calculated by mL, so that the feed formula comprises 10-30 g of maggot powder, 10-20 g of beef liver, 5-15 g of egg yolk, 5-17.5 mL of tussah blood lymph and 3.5-8 g of honey.
Preferably, the feed formulation of the second embodiment further comprises:
1g of royal jelly, 0.1g of trehalose, 8mL of fresh milk, 2mL of vegetable juice, 2g of yeast powder, 0.4g of choline chloride, 0.1g of ascorbic acid and 0.05g of streptomycin sulfate.
In addition, the invention also protects the application of the feed formula in feeding harris baccarum.
The artificial feed for feeding the lygus harsii by completely replacing the yellow mealworms can meet the growth and development requirements of the lygus harsii, improve the survival rate of nymphs of the lygus harsii and further improve the offspring hatchability of the lygus harsii. In addition, the artificial feed has wide component sources, is easy to purchase, has low investment and low production cost, and is suitable for popularization and application in industry.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail embodiments of the feed formulation of the present invention. In the present invention, the solid content is counted in parts by weight, the liquid content is counted in parts by volume, and the ratio of parts by weight to parts by volume in the present invention corresponds to g/mL.
The artificial feed formula of the invention mainly takes maggot powder, beef liver, egg yolk, tussah hemolymph and honey as main components. The maggot powder is the fly maggot powder of the bactrocera dorsalis, is a high-quality animal protein feed, preferably accounts for 10-30 parts by weight, more preferably accounts for 15-30 parts by weight, and can bring abundant protein for the harlequin fleahawood. The beef liver and the egg yolk provide high-quality protein and fat sources, and the content of the beef liver is preferably 10-20 parts by weight, and more preferably 12.5-20 parts by weight; the content of the egg yolk is preferably 5-15 parts by weight, and further preferably 10-15 parts by weight, so that the growth of the fleahopper harsii can be greatly promoted. The tussah hemolymph is the body fluid of tussah, is the mixture of blood, lymph fluid and tissue fluid in the body of the tussah, and can collect hemolymph by adopting a method of scratching the body wall of the tussah pupa, and the tussah hemolymph is used at present; in the invention, the tussah haemolymph is preferably contained in an amount of 5-17.5 parts by volume, and more preferably 7.5-10 parts by volume, so that the tussah haemolymph can be stimulated to take food. The honey preferably contains 3.5-8 parts by weight, and the honey provides an important energy supply substance, namely sugar, so that the component proportion can meet the basic requirement of growth of the lygus pratensis, meanwhile, the taste is brought to the feed, the possibility of eating of the lygus pratensis is increased, the source of the honey is not limited, and the honey can be commercially or domesticated.
In addition, the artificial feed formula also comprises 1 part by weight of royal jelly, 0.1 part by weight of trehalose, 8 parts by volume of fresh milk, 2 parts by volume of vegetable juice and the like. Wherein the royal jelly contains amino acids essential for the growth of fleahopper furiosus; the trehalose can not only increase the flavor of the feed, but also prevent the feed from deteriorating, maintain the fresh flavor of the feed and improve the quality of the feed; the fresh milk can provide a protein source, can also add flavor to the feed, and can improve the possibility of eating, and the fresh milk can be commercially available milk without special limitation; the vegetable juice can provide a vitamin source and is beneficial to improving the egg laying amount, and the vegetable juice can be selected from the vegetables such as the cabbage, the pakchoi, the cabbage, the kale and the like in the cruciferous vegetables, and the juice of the cabbage is the most preferable; the vegetable juice extraction process comprises the following steps: cleaning cabbage, mincing in mincing machine, filtering residue, and collecting vegetable juice, which can be directly squeezed from vegetable leaves to obtain juice without adding water.
Further preferably, the artificial feed formulation of the present invention further comprises a part of additives, such as yeast powder, choline chloride, ascorbic acid, streptomycin sulfate, in an amount of 2 parts by weight of yeast powder, 0.4 part by weight of choline chloride, 0.1 part by weight of ascorbic acid, and 0.05 part by weight of streptomycin sulfate, respectively. Wherein, the ascorbic acid is a water-soluble vitamin which can promote the growth of the low-age insects, prevent diseases, improve the vitality and improve the quality of the feeding natural enemy insects; streptomycin sulfate is an antibiotic, is mainly used for treating bacterial infection, particularly infection caused by gram-negative bacteria, and is applied to artificial feed to prevent feed mildew; the yeast powder can provide organic nitrogen sources, vitamins, growth factors and other nutrients for microorganisms, and the growth speed of the fleahopper furgus praecox is increased; the choline chloride is a feed additive, can effectively promote the growth and development of the fleahopper furciformis, stimulates the fleahopper furciformis to lay eggs, and improves the fertility of the fleahopper furciformis.
In addition, the weight unit can be calculated by g, the volume unit is calculated by mL, and correspondingly, the feed formula comprises 10-30 g of maggot powder, 10-20 g of beef liver, 5-15 g of egg yolk, 5-17.5 mL of tussah blood lymph and 3.5-8 g of honey; further preferably, the feed comprises 15-30 g of maggot powder, 12.5-20 g of beef liver, 10-15 g of egg yolk, 7.5-10 mL of tussah silkworm hemolymph and 3.5-8 g of honey. Further, the feed formula also comprises:
1g of royal jelly, 0.1g of trehalose, 8mL of fresh milk, 2mL of vegetable juice, 2g of yeast powder, 0.4g of choline chloride, 0.1g of ascorbic acid and 0.05g of streptomycin sulfate.
It should be noted that the feed formulation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned measurement units, as long as the mixture ratio of each component in the formulation can satisfy the relationship described in the present invention, and all that satisfies the above-mentioned mixture ratio relationship is within the protection scope of the present invention.
The preparation of each set of formulations of the present invention is described in detail below.
Example one
The components are mixed in 100 volume parts of distilled water according to the mixture ratio of the following formula 1:
< formula 1> 30 parts by weight of maggot powder, 15 parts by weight of beef liver, 10 parts by weight of egg yolk, 10 parts by volume of tussah blood lymph, 5 parts by weight of honey, 1 part by weight of royal jelly, 0.1 part by weight of trehalose, 2 parts by weight of yeast powder, 0.4 part by weight of choline chloride, 0.1 part by weight of ascorbic acid, 0.05 part by weight of streptomycin sulfate, 8 parts by volume of fresh milk and 2 parts by volume of vegetable juice;
and then placing the mixture on a magnetic stirrer, stirring at the temperature of 25-30 ℃, stirring for 20 minutes to uniformly mix, and naturally cooling to obtain the artificial feed.
Example two
The components are mixed in 100 volume parts of distilled water according to the mixture ratio of the following formula 2:
< formula 2> maggot powder 20, beef liver 15 parts, egg yolk 10 parts, tussah silkworm hemolymph 10 parts by volume, honey 8 parts, royal jelly 1 part by weight, trehalose 0.1 part by weight, yeast powder 2 parts by weight, choline chloride 0.4 part by weight, ascorbic acid 0.1 part by weight, streptomycin sulfate 0.05 part by weight, fresh milk 8 parts by volume, vegetable juice 2 parts by volume;
and then placing the mixture on a magnetic stirrer, stirring at the temperature of 25-30 ℃, stirring for 20 minutes to uniformly mix, and naturally cooling to obtain the artificial feed.
EXAMPLE III
The above components were mixed in 100 parts by volume of distilled water according to the following formulation 3,
< formula 3> 20 parts by weight of maggot powder, 20 parts by weight of beef liver, 10 parts by weight of egg yolk, 10 parts by volume of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 5 parts by weight of honey, 1 part by weight of royal jelly, 0.1 part by weight of trehalose, 2 parts by weight of yeast powder, 0.4 part by weight of choline chloride, 0.1 part by weight of ascorbic acid, 0.05 part by weight of streptomycin sulfate, 8 parts by volume of fresh milk and 2 parts by volume of vegetable juice;
and then placing the mixture on a magnetic stirrer, stirring at the temperature of 25-30 ℃, stirring for 20 minutes to uniformly mix, and naturally cooling to obtain the artificial feed.
Example four
The above components were mixed in 100 parts by volume of distilled water according to the following formulation 4,
< formula 4> 15 parts by weight of maggot powder, 12.5 parts by weight of beef liver, 12.5 parts by weight of egg yolk, 7.5 parts by volume of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 3.5 parts by weight of honey, 1 part by weight of royal jelly, 0.1 part by weight of trehalose, 2 parts by weight of yeast powder, 0.4 part by weight of choline chloride, 0.1 part by weight of ascorbic acid, 0.05 part by weight of streptomycin sulfate, 8 parts by volume of fresh milk and 2 parts by volume of vegetable juice; and then placing the mixture on a magnetic stirrer, stirring at the temperature of 25-30 ℃, stirring for 20 minutes to uniformly mix, and naturally cooling to obtain the artificial feed.
EXAMPLE five
The above components were mixed in 100 parts by volume of distilled water according to the following formulation 5,
< formula 5> 20 parts by weight of maggot powder, 15 parts by weight of beef liver, 15 parts by weight of egg yolk, 10 parts by volume of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 5 parts by weight of honey, 1 part by weight of royal jelly, 0.1 part by weight of trehalose, 2 parts by weight of yeast powder, 0.4 part by weight of choline chloride, 0.1 part by weight of ascorbic acid, 0.05 part by weight of streptomycin sulfate, 8 parts by volume of fresh milk and 2 parts by volume of vegetable juice; and then placing the mixture on a magnetic stirrer, stirring at the temperature of 25-30 ℃, stirring for 20 minutes to uniformly mix, and naturally cooling to obtain the artificial feed.
In practical applications, the weight unit of the above formula can be calculated as g, and the volume unit can be calculated as mL, but the feed formula of the present invention should not be limited by this measurement unit, and the formula is the formula after conversion:
the formula 1': 30g of maggot powder, 15g of beef liver, 10g of egg yolk, 10ml of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 5g of honey, 1g of royal jelly, 0.1g of trehalose, 2g of yeast powder, 0.4g of choline chloride, 0.1g of ascorbic acid, 0.05g of streptomycin sulfate, 8ml of fresh milk and 2ml of cabbage heart juice;
and the formula 2': 20g of maggot powder, 15g of beef liver, 10g of egg yolk, 10ml of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 8g of honey, 1g of royal jelly, 0.1g of trehalose, 2g of yeast powder, 0.4g of choline chloride, 0.1g of ascorbic acid, 0.05g of streptomycin sulfate, 8ml of fresh milk and 2ml of cabbage heart juice;
and the formula 3': 20g of maggot powder, 20g of beef liver, 10g of egg yolk, 10ml of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 5g of honey, 1g of royal jelly, 0.1g of trehalose, 2g of yeast powder, 0.4g of choline chloride, 0.1g of ascorbic acid, 0.05g of streptomycin sulfate, 8ml of fresh milk and 2ml of cabbage heart juice;
and the formula 4': 15g of maggot powder, 12.5g of beef liver, 12.5g of egg yolk, 7.5ml of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 3.5g of honey, 1g of royal jelly, 0.1g of trehalose, 2g of yeast powder, 0.4g of choline chloride, 0.1g of ascorbic acid, 0.05g of streptomycin sulfate, 8ml of fresh milk and 2ml of cabbage heart juice;
and the formula 5': 20g of maggot powder, 15g of beef liver, 15g of egg yolk, 10ml of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 5g of honey, 1g of royal jelly, 0.1g of trehalose, 2g of yeast powder, 0.4g of choline chloride, 0.1g of ascorbic acid, 0.05g of streptomycin sulfate, 8ml of fresh milk and 2ml of cabbage heart juice.
After the artificial feed is obtained, six groups of harlequin glorybower bugs are prepared, one group of harlequin glorybower bugs is used as a control group, the other groups of harlequin glorybower bugs are correspondingly fed with five groups of feed formulas respectively, the biological indexes of the six groups of harlequin glorybower bugs, such as development duration and survival rate, weight of primarily emerged adults, pre-laying period, service life of adults, laying quantity, hatching rate of offspring eggs and the like, are observed in a tracking mode, and the results are shown in the following table.
Table 1 effect of artificial feed on growth and development of lygus harriscus
Table 2 influence of artificial feed on body weight, lifespan, fertility and offspring hatchability of adults of lygus furcatus
From the above results, it can be seen that the difference between the feeding of the five groups of formula feeds and the feeding of the yellow mealworms is not great in the hatching rate of the offspring eggs; and in terms of the survival rate of the nymphs, the survival rate of the nymphs of the harris loti fed by the formulas of the first group, the second group and the third group is higher, and the survival rate of the nymphs of the harris loti fed by the formulas of the fourth group and the fifth group is not greatly different from that of the nymphs of the harris loti fed by the yellow meal worms. It can be seen that the feed formula provided by the invention can be used for feeding harlequin bugs instead of yellow mealworms and can improve the nymph survival rate of the harlequin bugs.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concept and the scope of the present invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments but rather by the equivalents thereof as may occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.
Claims (2)
1. The artificial feed for the harlequin bugs is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials:
30 parts of maggot powder, 15 parts of beef liver, 10 parts of egg yolk, 10 parts of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 5 parts of honey, 1 part of royal jelly, 0.1 part of trehalose, 2 parts of yeast powder, 0.4 part of choline chloride, 0.1 part of ascorbic acid, 0.05 part of streptomycin sulfate, 8 parts of fresh milk and 2 parts of vegetable juice, wherein the ratio of 1 part by weight to 1 part by volume is 1 g/mL.
2. The artificial feed for the harlequin bugs is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials:
20 parts of maggot powder, 15 parts of beef liver, 10 parts of egg yolk, 10 parts of tussah silkworm hemolymph, 8 parts of honey, 1 part of royal jelly, 0.1 part of trehalose, 2 parts of yeast powder, 0.4 part of choline chloride, 0.1 part of ascorbic acid, 0.05 part of streptomycin sulfate, 8 parts of fresh milk and 2 parts of vegetable juice, wherein the ratio of 1 part by weight to 1 part by volume is 1 g/mL.
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| CN109644946B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-07-16 | 广州瑞丰生物科技有限公司 | Release method of fleahopper furgus |
| CN110973358A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-10 | 华南农业大学 | Novel antibacterial animal feed additive, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115067285B (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2023-12-05 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for obtaining white star flower scarab breeding furgus lucorum by using cane shoot straw |
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