CN108373953B - Soapberry enzyme handmade soap and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Soapberry enzyme handmade soap and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108373953B CN108373953B CN201810212407.9A CN201810212407A CN108373953B CN 108373953 B CN108373953 B CN 108373953B CN 201810212407 A CN201810212407 A CN 201810212407A CN 108373953 B CN108373953 B CN 108373953B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
- C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
- C11D10/045—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on non-ionic surface-active compounds and soap
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of handmade soaps, and particularly relates to a soapberry enzyme handmade soap and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the soapberry enzyme handmade soap comprises the following steps: after kitchen waste oil is subjected to degumming, decoloration and deodorization pretreatment, a sodium hydroxide solution, an ethanol solution and the pretreated waste oil are used as raw materials, a hot saponification method or a cold saponification method is adopted to prepare a saponification solution, and a soap base is prepared through salting out and sizing steps; after fermentation treatment of soapberry, concentrating the soapberry fermentation liquor into a colloidal state, fusing the colloidal soapberry fermentation liquor with the soap base, and adding auxiliary materials to obtain the soapberry enzyme handmade soap. The method directly takes the soapberry fermentation liquor and the kitchen waste oil as raw materials to prepare the handmade soap, does not need a saponin extraction step, and has low cost and good decontamination capability of products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of handmade soaps, and particularly relates to a soapberry enzyme handmade soap and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Sapindusukorosis Gaerth is also called Sapindusukorosis Gaerth, Sapindusk, Guangdong, soapberry (Yunnan estuary), Kuishoushu (Hainan), Zinglangshu (Taiwan), Guigenghu, etc., and also called soapberry or hand washing fruit. Sapindus mukorossi is a deciduous tree of Sapindus of Sapindaceae, widely distributed in southeast Asia countries, Japan, Taiwan of China and south of Huaihe, and has very wide utilization value.
The soapberry peel contains a large amount of soapberry saponin, is an excellent plant surfactant, and the saponin of the peel contains triterpenoid saponin, has strong surface activity, is a natural nonionic surfactant, and can be used for preparing a 'natural pollution-free detergent'. Meanwhile, the soapberry triterpenoid saponins have proved to have the effects of resisting bacteria, killing bacteria and diminishing inflammation when acting on human skin. Sapindus saponin is also an excellent pesticide emulsifier, and has good insecticidal effect on cotton aphids, red spiders, sweet potato Jinhua insects and the like. Pharmacological research shows that the saponin component in the sapindus peel has the biological activities of resisting dermatophyte and candida, inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, resisting helicobacter pylori activity, protecting liver and the like. Besides good decontamination effect, the soapberry also contains natural nutrient conditioning substances such as amino acid, vitamin and the like, has the effects of resisting bacteria, inflammation and dandruff, itching and the like, has small irritation to skin, is safe and reliable, and is rich in nutrient conditioning components, so that the soapberry has immeasurable potential for developing environment-friendly products such as biological natural detergents, natural cosmetics and the like. In addition, sapindus have beautiful tree shape and developed root system, can absorb harmful gases such as automobile exhaust, sulfur dioxide in air and the like, and has very important value in the aspects of greening, water and soil conservation, environmental protection and the like. The soapberry saponin has broad-spectrum elution function on heavy metals, and has elution rate of over 90% on lead, manganese, chromium, arsenic, mercury and the like.
In the prior art, a lot of washing and caring products are developed by taking Chinese soapberry as a raw material, but the products are generally added with Chinese soapberry crude extract, the saponin content is small, the saponin extraction cost is high, and the decontamination capability is not ideal. Therefore, the quality of these products is to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide soapberry enzyme handmade soap and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a preparation method of soapberry-color handmade soap, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing soap base
S11 pretreatment of waste oil
S111, degumming
Filtering the waste oil for kitchen to remove insoluble impurities, heating the waste oil in a water bath to 40-50 ℃, adding phosphoric acid for mixing, wherein the volume ratio of the waste oil for kitchen to the phosphoric acid is 10: 1-2, stirring the obtained oil-acid mixed solution at 40-50 ℃ for 10min, standing at room temperature to coagulate colloid, separating oil phase liquid and condensate on the upper layer, and heating the oil phase liquid in the water bath to obtain degummed oil;
s112, decoloring and deodorizing
Heating the degummed oil of S111 to 95-105 ℃, mixing the degummed oil with activated clay, wherein the mass ratio of the degummed oil to the activated clay is 3: 1-2, then carrying out filter pressing on the adsorbed clay and degummed oil mixture, and collecting filtrate as decolorized waste oil;
s12, preparing soap base by using the decolored waste oil
S121, measuring raw materials for preparing the soap: measuring 40g/100ml of sodium hydroxide solution, 95% of ethanol solution and the decolored waste oil, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution: ethanol solution: the volume ratio of the decolorized waste oil is 3:4: 3;
s122, saponification: mixing the raw materials weighed in S121 by adopting a hot saponification method or a cold saponification method, and then saponifying to obtain a saponification solution;
s123, salting out: pouring the saponification liquid into a saturated sodium chloride solution, stirring until soap floc soap gel is formed, and filtering and collecting the floc soap gel, wherein the volume of the saturated sodium chloride solution is equal to the sum of the volumes of the raw materials in S121;
s124, shaping: putting the flocculent soap gel into a mould, and keeping the temperature for 24-48 h under the condition that the temperature is less than or equal to 30 ℃ to obtain a shaped soap base;
s2, preparing the soapberry enzyme handmade soap
Concentrating the soapberry fermentation liquor into a colloidal state, melting the soap base, fusing with the colloidal soapberry fermentation liquor, and shaping to obtain the soapberry enzyme handmade soap.
Preferably, the preparation method of the soapberry enzyme handmade soap comprises the following steps: and (3) mixing the sodium hydroxide solution, the ethanol solution and the decoloration waste oil which are measured in the step (S121), adding zeolite, heating, continuously stirring to slightly boil the solution, observing the liquid level, and stopping heating when a film appears on the surface to obtain the saponified solution.
Preferably, the preparation method of the soapberry enzyme handmade soap comprises the following steps: preheating the measured decolorized waste oil to 45-50 ℃ to obtain a solution A; mixing the measured sodium hydroxide solution with the ethanol solution, and preheating to 45-50 ℃ to obtain a solution B; adding the solution B into the solution A, and continuously stirring until complete saponification to obtain a saponified solution.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the soapberry enzyme handmade soap, the standard for judging complete saponification is as follows: adding several drops of saponification liquid into a test tube, adding 2-5 drops of distilled water, heating in water bath at 100 deg.C, and shaking continuously, wherein if no oil drop is released, complete saponification is indicated.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the soapberry enzyme handmade soap, in S2, the soap base is melted and then mixed with the auxiliary material, and then the mixture is fused with the colloidal soapberry fermentation liquid, wherein the auxiliary material is a skin care agent, a fragrance agent or a coloring agent.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the soapberry enzyme handmade soap, the skin care agent is honey, milk, chocolate powder or animal fat.
Preferably, the preparation method of the soapberry enzyme handmade soap comprises the following steps: s21, heating the soapberry fermentation liquor in a water bath, and concentrating into a colloidal state to obtain a colloidal state fermentation liquor;
s22, heating and melting the prepared soap base, pouring the melted soap base into the colloidal state fermentation liquor to obtain a mixture, continuously stirring, controlling the temperature to be 40-50 ℃, stirring for 10min, pouring the mixture into a mold, drying at 25-35 ℃, taking out the dried soap base, and placing in a shade place for 2-3 days to finish shaping to obtain the soapberry handmade enzyme soap.
Preferably, the preparation method of the soapberry enzyme handmade soap comprises the following steps: respectively weighing clean, dried and cut lemon peel and clean, dried and cut soapberry peel, mixing, adding into a fermentation bottle, adding sterile water into the fermentation bottle, wherein the mass ratio of the lemon peel to the soapberry peel to the sterile water is 1:3:12, adjusting the pH of the solution to 7.8-8.2, sealing the fermentation bottle with a layer of preservative film, naturally fermenting for 7 days, deflating the fermentation liquor every two days during the fermentation, filtering to remove residual peel after the fermentation is finished, and collecting filtrate which is soapberry fermentation liquor.
The invention also provides the soapberry enzyme handmade soap prepared by any one of the preparation methods.
Compared with the prior art, the soapberry-color handmade soap and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) in daily life, waste oil generated in many families such as fish, french fries, deep-fried twisted dough sticks and range hoods becomes toxic and wasted chicken ribs when being discarded. The rancidity speed of the oil left after frying is greatly accelerated, the rancidity oil can generate a lot of harmful substances, the rancidity oil can cause diarrhea if being eaten lightly, liver diseases can be caused seriously, and in addition, carcinogenic substances such as heterocyclic amine, benzopyrene and the like can be generated by repeatedly heating residues left in the oil after frying, so that the rancidity oil has great harm to human bodies. In life, how to treat the waste kitchen oil becomes a social problem. The soap base of the handmade soap is prepared from the kitchen waste oil, so that the waste is recycled, a new purpose is provided for the kitchen waste oil, the resource waste is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the soapberry handmade soap is reduced.
(2) The invention adopts phosphoric acid to treat kitchen waste grease, the colloid of the kitchen waste grease is coagulated by the phosphoric acid, and heavy metals in the grease can form phosphate precipitation with the phosphoric acid, thus being beneficial to grease clarification. By carrying out biological fermentation treatment on the soapberry water extract, the fermented soapberry water extract has high saponin content, low contents of sugar, protein, pigment and other impurities, stronger foaming capacity, decontamination capacity and bacteriostasis capacity than the common detergent sold in the market, makes full use of the natural saponin in the soapberry, is mild and non-irritant, has an especially prominent skin care effect, and can be used for washing face, removing makeup and bathing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. The test methods not specified in the following examples are generally conducted under conventional conditions, and the sources of the test materials not specified are commercially available, and the steps thereof will not be described in detail since they do not relate to the invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of soapberry-color handmade soap, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing soap base
The reaction principle of preparing soap base from waste kitchen oil is as follows:
the invention utilizes saponification method to directly carry out saponification reaction on grease and alkali to prepare soap base, and the principle is expressed by the following chemical reaction formula:
the waste kitchen oil and sodium hydroxide are saponified to obtain the alkaline salt of higher fatty acid or mixed fatty acid, whose chemical formula can be expressed as: RCOONa, wherein R represents a long-chain alkyl group, and glycerol is produced. The produced soap base has good functions of washing, decontaminating, cleaning, moistening skin and the like.
The steps for preparing the soap base are as follows:
s11 pretreatment of waste oil
The waste kitchen oil contains not only fatty acid glyceride but also insoluble solid impurities such as sand and food residue suspended or precipitated in the oil and fat, and impurities such as free fatty acid, phospholipid, pigment and protein dissolved or emulsified in the oil and fat. In order to meet the requirements of soap making, the grease must be pretreated, including two processes of degumming and decoloring. The main raw material adopted in the experiment of the invention is waste kitchen oil of college canteens.
S111, degumming
Degumming refers to the removal of phospholipids, proteins and other colloidal and mucilaginous substances from fats and oils. The presence of gums reduces the use value and stability of the oil and fat, resulting in a reduced quality soap-based product. In order to achieve the purpose of degumming, the invention adopts phosphoric acid to treat the grease, the colloid is coagulated by the phosphoric acid, and meanwhile, the heavy metal in the grease can form phosphate precipitation with the phosphoric acid. The degumming steps are as follows:
filtering the waste oil in a kitchen to remove insoluble impurities such as silt and cellulose, heating the waste oil in a water bath to 40-50 ℃, feeding the waste oil in a constant-temperature magnetic mixer to be mixed with phosphoric acid, wherein the volume ratio of the waste oil in the kitchen to the phosphoric acid is 10: 1-2, stirring the obtained oil-acid mixed solution at 40-50 ℃ for 10min, taking out the mixed solution and standing the mixed solution to coagulate colloid, mixing the grease containing condensate with hot water in the stirring process to enable the colloid impurities such as the condensate to absorb water and exist as small colloidal particles, separating the upper-layer oil phase liquid from the condensate, and heating the oil phase liquid in the water bath to remove water and air to obtain the degummed grease.
S112, decoloring and deodorizing
The kitchen waste oil and the degummed oil of S111 may be colored by entrainment of pigments or cooking residues, and thus may be subjected to a decoloring treatment. The invention adopts physical adsorption method to decolorize the waste oil in kitchen, uses active clay and other adsorbents to decolorize the pigment in the waste oil, and the active clay mainly contains SiO2And Al2O3. The method comprises the following specific steps:
heating the degummed oil of S111 to 95-105 ℃, mixing the degummed oil with activated clay, wherein the mass ratio of the degummed oil to the activated clay is 3: 1-2, decoloring the degummed oil, and then performing filter pressing on the mixture of the adsorbed clay and the degummed oil by using a filter press, wherein filter pressing parameters for separating the adsorbed clay and the degummed oil are suitable for the scheme of the invention, and the collected filtrate is decolored waste oil. In the decoloring process, the color of the waste kitchen oil can be desalted, and part of bad smell can be removed.
S12, preparing soap base by using the decolored waste oil
S121, measuring raw materials for preparing the soap: measuring 40g/100ml of sodium hydroxide solution, 95% of ethanol solution and the decolored waste oil, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution: ethanol solution: the volume ratio of the decolorized waste oil is 3:4: 3; wherein the ethanol solution is added only to make the oil easily dissolved in the sodium hydroxide solution, so that the reaction is more complete.
S122, saponification: mixing the raw material weighed in S121 by adopting a hot saponification method or a cold saponification method, and then saponifying to obtain a saponification solution;
the thermal saponification method comprises the following steps: and (3) mixing the sodium hydroxide solution, the ethanol solution and the decoloration waste oil which are measured in the step (S121), adding zeolite, heating, continuously stirring to slightly boil the solution, observing the liquid level, and stopping heating when a film appears on the surface to obtain the saponified solution. In this case, sodium stearate was obtained, and the remainder was the remaining alkali, brine, glycerin and the like. Since sodium fatty acid is less dense than the solution, floaters appear indicating that sodium fatty acid has formed.
The cold saponification method comprises the following steps: putting the measured decolorized waste oil into a beaker, and then preheating to 45-50 ℃ to obtain a solution A; mixing the measured sodium hydroxide solution with the ethanol solution, and preheating to 45-50 ℃ to obtain a solution B; adding the solution B into the solution A, and continuously stirring until complete saponification to obtain a saponified solution. Criteria for judging complete saponification are: placing several drops of saponification liquid into a test tube, adding 2-5 drops of distilled water, heating in 100 deg.C water bath, and shaking continuously, if no oil drop is dissociated, it is completely saponified, if oil drop is dissociated, it is not completely saponified, and further saponifying the oil and fat, and inspecting again until completely saponified.
S123, salting out: and (3) pouring the saponified liquid obtained in the step (S122) into a saturated sodium chloride solution, wherein the volume of the saturated sodium chloride solution is equal to the sum of the volumes of the raw materials in the step (S121), and stirring until soap floc soap gel is formed. The sodium stearate is separated in the salt solution by agitation, the soap floats on the top of the solution because it is less dense than the saline solution, the lower layer is the glycerin and excess alkali and saline solution, and after all the sodium stearate has been salted out of the salt solution, the floc of the soap gel is filtered and collected.
S124, shaping: and (3) putting the flocculent soap glue into a mould, and keeping the temperature for 24-48 h under the condition that the temperature is less than or equal to 30 ℃ to obtain the shaped soap base. The temperature is not higher than 30 ℃, so that soap base is prevented from being melted by heating and is not easy to form.
S2, preparing the soapberry green handmade soap
Concentrating the soapberry fermentation liquor into a colloidal state, melting the soap base in the step S124, fusing with the colloidal soapberry fermentation liquor, and shaping to obtain the soapberry enzyme handmade soap. The method comprises the following specific steps:
s21, heating the soapberry fermentation liquor in water bath, and concentrating into a colloidal state to obtain a colloidal state fermentation liquor;
s22, heating and melting the prepared soap base, wherein the temperature in the process is not too high to avoid burning the soap base, pouring the melted soap base into colloidal state fermentation liquor to obtain a mixture, continuously stirring with a glass rod, controlling the temperature to be 40-50 ℃, stirring for 10min, pouring the mixture into a mold, placing the mold into a drying box for drying at 25-35 ℃, taking out the dried soap base, placing the mold in a shade place for 2-3 days for shaping to obtain the soapberry enzyme handmade soap, wherein the soap base is prevented from being heated and melted by drying at 25-35 ℃, and is not easy to form.
The soap base is heated to melt and then mixed with the auxiliary materials to improve the quality of the soap base. The auxiliary materials are soapberry enzyme concentrated solution, a skin care agent, a flavoring agent or a coloring agent, and the skin care agent is honey, milk, chocolate powder or animal fat. The honey and the cow milk have the function of moistening the skin, the chocolate powder has the functions of activating facial blood vessels and nourishing the skin, and the animal fat can be used for preparing the laundry soap with a harder soap body; in order to make the handmade soap more beautiful, some natural coloring substances, such as carotene, green tea extract, orange peel extract and the like, can be added in the preparation process. Thereby endowing the environment-friendly soap base with colorful color change, enriching the visual effect of the soap base by soft color, and increasing the quality and the popularization value of the product; in order to make the soap base have elegant fragrance, the natural essential oil or the natural perfume which is extracted by the soap base is added according to personal preference, so that the soap base emits elegant and pleasant smell in the using process.
The following examples are specifically included.
Example 1
A preparation method of soapberry enzyme handmade soap comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing soap base
S11 pretreatment of waste oil
S111, degumming
Filtering the waste oil in the kitchen to remove insoluble impurities, heating the waste oil in a water bath to 40 ℃, adding phosphoric acid for mixing, wherein the volume ratio of the waste oil in the kitchen to the phosphoric acid is 10:1, stirring the obtained oil-acid mixed solution at 40 ℃ and 1000rpm for 10min, standing the mixed solution at room temperature to coagulate colloid, separating oil phase liquid and condensate on the upper layer, and heating the oil phase liquid in the water bath at 100 ℃ for 2h to obtain degummed oil;
s112, decoloring and deodorizing
Heating the degummed oil of S111 to 95 ℃, mixing the degummed oil with activated clay, wherein the mass ratio of the degummed oil to the activated clay is 3:1, then carrying out filter pressing on the adsorbed mixture of the clay and the degummed oil, and collecting filtrate as decolorized waste oil;
s12, preparing soap base by using the decolored waste oil
S121, measuring raw materials for preparing the soap: measuring 60ml of 40g/100ml sodium hydroxide solution, 80ml of 95% ethanol solution and 60ml of decolored waste oil by using a measuring cylinder;
s122, saponification: mixing the raw materials weighed in S121 by adopting a thermal saponification method, and then saponifying to obtain a saponified solution;
mixing the sodium hydroxide solution, the ethanol solution and the decoloration waste oil which are measured in the step S121 into a 500ml beaker, placing the beaker containing the raw materials on a tripod for heating, continuously stirring by using a glass rod, adding zeolite to prevent the sodium hydroxide solution from splashing on hands, heating by using small fire after the solution is boiled to slightly boil the solution, continuously stirring without overflowing the solution, observing the liquid level, and stopping heating when a layer of film appears on the surface to obtain the saponification solution.
S123, salting out: pouring 200ml of the saponification solution into 200ml of saturated sodium chloride solution, stirring until soap floc soap gel is formed, filtering and collecting the floc soap gel;
s124, shaping: putting the flocculent soap gel into a mould, and preserving heat for 24 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain a shaped soap base;
s2, preparing the soapberry enzyme handmade soap
Concentrating the soapberry fermentation liquor into a colloidal state, and fusing the colloidal soapberry fermentation liquor and the soap base to obtain the soapberry enzyme handmade soap.
S21, measuring 200ml of soapberry fermentation liquor by using a measuring cylinder, heating in water bath, concentrating to 20ml, and concentrating the soapberry fermentation liquor to obtain a colloidal state fermentation liquor;
s22, heating and melting 200g of prepared soap base, pouring the melted soap base into the colloidal state fermentation liquid to obtain a mixture, continuously stirring, controlling the temperature at 40 ℃, stirring for 10min, pouring the mixture into a mold, drying at 25 ℃, taking out the dried soap base, and placing in a shade place for 2d to finish shaping to obtain the soapberry enzyme handmade soap.
Example 2
A preparation method of soapberry enzyme handmade soap comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing soap base
S11 pretreatment of waste oil
S111, degumming
Filtering the waste oil in the kitchen to remove insoluble impurities, heating the waste oil in a water bath to 50 ℃, adding phosphoric acid, mixing, wherein the volume ratio of the waste oil in the kitchen to the phosphoric acid is 10:2, stirring the obtained oil-acid mixed solution at 50 ℃ and 1000rpm for 10min, standing at room temperature to coagulate colloid, separating oil phase liquid on the upper layer from condensate, and heating the oil phase liquid in the water bath at 100 ℃ for 2h to obtain degummed oil;
s112, decoloring and deodorizing
Heating the degummed oil of the step S111 to 105 ℃, mixing the degummed oil with activated clay, wherein the mass ratio of the degummed oil to the activated clay is 3:2, then carrying out filter pressing on the adsorbed mixture of the clay and the degummed oil, and collecting filtrate which is decolored waste oil;
s12, preparing soap base by using the decolored waste oil
S121, measuring raw materials for preparing the soap: measuring 60ml of 40g/100ml sodium hydroxide solution, 80ml of 95% ethanol solution and 60ml of decolored waste oil by using a measuring cylinder;
s122, saponification: mixing the raw materials weighed in S121 by adopting a thermal saponification method, and then saponifying to obtain a saponified solution;
mixing the sodium hydroxide solution, the ethanol solution and the decoloration waste oil which are measured in the step S121 into a 500ml beaker, placing the beaker containing the raw materials on a tripod for heating, continuously stirring by using a glass rod, adding zeolite to prevent the sodium hydroxide solution from splashing on hands, heating by using small fire after the solution is boiled to slightly boil the solution, continuously stirring without overflowing the solution, observing the liquid level, and stopping heating when a layer of film appears on the surface to obtain the saponification solution.
S123, salting out: pouring 200ml of the saponification solution into 200ml of saturated sodium chloride solution, stirring until soap floc soap gel is formed, filtering and collecting the floc soap gel;
s124, shaping: putting the flocculent soap gel into a mould, and keeping the temperature for 24 hours at 25 ℃ to obtain a shaped soap base;
s2, preparing the soapberry enzyme handmade soap
Concentrating the soapberry fermentation liquor into a colloidal state, and fusing the colloidal soapberry fermentation liquor and the soap base to obtain the soapberry enzyme handmade soap.
S21, measuring 200ml of soapberry fermentation liquor by using a measuring cylinder, heating in water bath, concentrating to 20ml, and concentrating the soapberry fermentation liquor to obtain a colloidal state fermentation liquor;
s22, heating and melting 200g of prepared soap base, pouring the melted soap base into the colloidal state fermentation liquid to obtain a mixture, continuously stirring, controlling the temperature at 50 ℃, stirring for 10min, pouring the mixture into a mold, drying at 35 ℃, taking out the dried soap base, and placing in a shade place for 3d to finish shaping to obtain the soapberry enzyme handmade soap.
Example 3
A preparation method of soapberry enzyme handmade soap comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing soap base
S11 pretreatment of waste oil
S111, degumming
Filtering the waste oil in the kitchen to remove insoluble impurities, heating the waste oil in a water bath to 45 ℃, adding phosphoric acid and mixing, wherein the volume ratio of the waste oil in the kitchen to the phosphoric acid is 10:1.5, stirring the obtained oil-acid mixed solution at 45 ℃ and 1000rpm for 10min, standing the mixed solution at room temperature to coagulate colloid, separating the upper oil phase liquid from a condensate, and heating the oil phase liquid in the water bath at 100 ℃ for 2h to obtain degummed oil;
s112, decoloring and deodorizing
Heating the degummed oil of S111 to 100 ℃, mixing with activated clay, wherein the mass ratio of the degummed oil to the activated clay is 3:1.5, then carrying out filter pressing on the adsorbed clay and degummed oil mixture, and collecting filtrate as decolorized waste oil;
s12, preparing soap base by using the decolored waste oil
S121, measuring raw materials for preparing the soap: measuring 60ml of 40g/100ml sodium hydroxide solution, 80ml of 95% ethanol solution and 60ml of decolored waste oil by using a measuring cylinder;
s122, saponification: mixing the raw materials weighed in S121 by adopting a cold saponification method, and then saponifying to obtain a saponified solution;
the cold saponification method comprises the following steps: preheating the measured decolorized waste oil to 50 ℃ to obtain a solution A; mixing the measured sodium hydroxide solution with the ethanol solution, and preheating to 50 ℃ to obtain a solution B; adding the solution B into the solution A, and continuously stirring until complete saponification is achieved to obtain a saponification solution;
s123, salting out: pouring 200ml of the saponification solution into 200ml of saturated sodium chloride solution, stirring until soap floc soap gel is formed, filtering and collecting the floc soap gel;
s124, shaping: putting the flocculent soap gel into a mould, and preserving the heat for 48 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain a shaped soap base;
s2, preparing the soapberry enzyme handmade soap
Concentrating the soapberry fermentation liquor into a colloidal state, and fusing the colloidal soapberry fermentation liquor and the soap base to obtain the soapberry enzyme handmade soap.
S21, measuring 200ml of soapberry fermentation liquor by using a measuring cylinder, heating in water bath, concentrating to 20ml, and concentrating the soapberry fermentation liquor to obtain a colloidal state fermentation liquor;
s22, heating and melting 200g of prepared soap base, pouring the melted soap base into the colloidal state fermentation liquid to obtain a mixture, continuously stirring, controlling the temperature at 45 ℃, stirring for 10min, pouring the mixture into a mold, drying at 30 ℃, taking out the dried soap base, and placing in a shade place for 2.5 days to finish shaping to obtain the soapberry enzyme handmade soap.
Example 4
A preparation method of soapberry enzyme handmade soap comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing soap base
S11 pretreatment of waste oil
S111, degumming
Filtering the waste oil in the kitchen to remove insoluble impurities, heating the waste oil in a water bath to 42 ℃, adding phosphoric acid for mixing, wherein the volume ratio of the waste oil in the kitchen to the phosphoric acid is 10:1, stirring the obtained oil-acid mixed solution at 42 ℃ and 1000rpm for 10min, standing the mixed solution at room temperature to coagulate colloid, separating oil phase liquid and condensate on the upper layer, and heating the oil phase liquid in the water bath at 100 ℃ for 2h to obtain degummed oil;
s112, decoloring and deodorizing
Heating the degummed oil of the step S111 to 98 ℃, mixing the degummed oil with activated clay, wherein the mass ratio of the degummed oil to the activated clay is 3:1, then carrying out filter pressing on the adsorbed mixture of the clay and the degummed oil, and collecting filtrate which is decolorized waste oil;
s12, preparing soap base by using the decolored waste oil
S121, measuring raw materials for preparing the soap: measuring 60ml of 40g/100ml sodium hydroxide solution, 80ml of 95% ethanol solution and 60ml of decolored waste oil by using a measuring cylinder;
s122, saponification: mixing the raw materials weighed in S121 by adopting a cold saponification method, and then saponifying to obtain a saponified solution;
the cold saponification method comprises the following steps: preheating the measured decolorized waste oil to 45 ℃ to obtain a solution A; mixing the measured sodium hydroxide solution with the ethanol solution, and preheating to 45 ℃ to obtain a solution B; adding the solution B into the solution A, and continuously stirring until complete saponification to obtain a saponified solution.
S123, salting out: pouring 200ml of the saponification solution into 200ml of saturated sodium chloride solution, stirring until soap floc soap gel is formed, filtering and collecting the floc soap gel;
s124, shaping: putting the flocculent soap gel into a mould, and keeping the temperature for 36 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ to obtain a shaped soap base;
s2, preparing the soapberry enzyme handmade soap
Concentrating the soapberry fermentation liquor into a colloidal state, and fusing the colloidal soapberry fermentation liquor and the soap base to obtain the soapberry enzyme handmade soap.
S21, measuring 200ml of soapberry fermentation liquor by using a measuring cylinder, heating in water bath, concentrating to 20ml, and concentrating the soapberry fermentation liquor to obtain a colloidal state fermentation liquor;
s22, heating and melting 200g of prepared soap base, pouring the melted soap base into the colloidal state fermentation liquid to obtain a mixture, continuously stirring, controlling the temperature at 48 ℃, stirring for 10min, pouring the mixture into a mold, drying at 28 ℃, taking out the dried soap base, and placing in a shade place for 2d to finish shaping to obtain the soapberry enzyme handmade soap.
The soap base prepared by the invention has strong meltability and plasticity, and the soap body can finally take different shapes by selecting moulds with different shapes according to personal preference, thereby meeting the individual requirements of different people.
In examples 1 to 4, the preparation method of the soapberry fermentation liquid comprises the following steps: respectively weighing clean, dried and cut lemon peel and clean, dried and cut soapberry peel, mixing, adding into a fermentation bottle, adding sterile water into the fermentation bottle, wherein the mass ratio of the lemon peel to the soapberry peel to the sterile water is 1:3:12, adjusting the pH of the solution to 7.8-8.2 by using sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid (7.8-7.9 is adjusted in example 1, 7.9-8.0 is adjusted in example 2, 8.0-8.1 is adjusted in example 1, 8.1-8.2 is adjusted in example 1), sealing the fermentation bottle by using a layer of preservative film, naturally fermenting for 7 days, deflating the fermentation liquid every two days during fermentation, filtering to remove residual peel after fermentation is finished, and collecting filtrate which is soapberry fermentation liquid.
The soapberry fermentation liquor prepared by the methods of the embodiments 1 to 4 contains active substances capable of obviously inhibiting mixed bacteria, and has a good bacteriostatic action, and bacteriostatic experiments show that after the handmade soap prepared by the methods of the embodiments 1 to 4 is dissolved in water, and escherichia coli is added into the solution, the sterilization rates are 45.80%, 45.9% 1, 46.32% and 46.51% within 15min, and 49.56%, 49.78%, 49.82% and 49.90% within 30 min; after the bacillus subtilis is added into the solution, the sterilization rate is 56.48%, 56.87%, 57.24% and 57.35% within 15min, and the sterilization rate is 64.51%, 65.47%, 64.68% and 65.47% within 30 min. Compared with a certain brand of detergent sold in the market, the detergent sold in the market is dissolved in water, and after escherichia coli is added into the solution, the sterilization rate is 35.60% within 15min, and the sterilization rate is 45.56% within 30 min; after the Bacillus subtilis was added to the solution, the sterilization rate was 46.72% within 15min and 52.11% within 30 min.
After the test is carried out according to the method for measuring the detergency in the national standard GB/T13174-2008, the detergency of the detergents in the examples 1-4 and the market is measured after the washing solutions with the same concentration are prepared, and the calculated formula is represented by a detergency ratio P:
P＝(R11-R12)/(R21-R22) (1)
in the formula (1), R11Reflectance, R, of the washed pieces for the example samples12Reflectance, R, of the fabric panels before washing 1 for the example samples21Reflectance, R, of washed pieces for commercial samples22Reflectance of the fabric pieces before washing for a commercial sample.
The results show that the handmade soaps of examples 1 to 4 had P values of 1.5, 1.3, and 1.4, respectively, as compared with the commercial detergents, and that the handmade soaps of examples 1 to 4 of the present invention also had better detergency than the conventional commercial detergents. We have also found that the lathering ability of the hand soaps prepared in examples 1-4 is also superior to that of conventional commercial detergents.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. The soapberry enzyme handmade soap is characterized by being prepared according to the following steps:
s1, preparing soap base
S11 pretreatment of waste oil
S111, degumming
Filtering the waste oil for kitchen to remove insoluble impurities, heating the waste oil in a water bath to 40-50 ℃, adding phosphoric acid and mixing, wherein the volume ratio of the waste oil for kitchen to the phosphoric acid is 10: 1-2, stirring the obtained oil-acid mixed solution at 40-50 ℃ for 10min, standing at room temperature to coagulate colloid, separating oil phase liquid and condensate in the upper layer, and heating the oil phase liquid in the water bath to obtain degummed oil;
s112, decoloring and deodorizing
Heating the degummed oil of S111 to 95-105 ℃, mixing the degummed oil with activated clay, wherein the mass ratio of the degummed oil to the activated clay is 3: 1-2, then carrying out filter pressing on the adsorbed clay and degummed oil mixture, and collecting filtrate as decolorized waste oil;
s12, preparing soap base by using the decolored waste oil
S121, measuring raw materials for preparing the soap: measuring 40g/100ml of sodium hydroxide solution, 95% of ethanol solution and the decolored waste oil, wherein the weight ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution: ethanol solution: the volume ratio of the decolorized waste oil is 3:4: 3;
s122, saponification: mixing the raw materials weighed in S121 by adopting a hot saponification method or a cold saponification method, and then saponifying to obtain a saponification solution;
s123, salting out: pouring the saponification liquid into a saturated sodium chloride solution, stirring until soap floc soap gel is formed, and filtering and collecting the floc soap gel, wherein the volume of the saturated sodium chloride solution is equal to the sum of the volumes of the raw materials in S121;
s124, shaping: putting the flocculent soap gel into a mould, and keeping the temperature for 24-48 h under the condition that the temperature is less than or equal to 30 ℃ to obtain a shaped soap base;
s2, preparing the soapberry enzyme handmade soap
Concentrating the soapberry fermentation liquor into a colloidal state, melting the soap base, fusing with the colloidal soapberry fermentation liquor, and shaping to obtain the soapberry enzyme handmade soap;
the preparation method of the soapberry fermentation liquor comprises the following steps: respectively weighing clean, dried and cut lemon peel and clean, dried and cut soapberry peel, mixing, adding into a fermentation bottle, adding sterile water into the fermentation bottle, wherein the mass ratio of the lemon peel to the soapberry peel to the sterile water is 1:3:12, adjusting the pH of the solution to 7.8-8.2, sealing the fermentation bottle with a layer of preservative film, naturally fermenting for 7 days, deflating the fermentation liquor every two days during the fermentation, filtering to remove residual peel after the fermentation is finished, and collecting filtrate which is soapberry fermentation liquor.
2. The soapberry enzyme handmade soap according to claim 1, wherein the thermal saponification method comprises the following steps: and (3) mixing the sodium hydroxide solution, the ethanol solution and the decoloration waste oil which are measured in the step (S121), adding zeolite, heating, continuously stirring to slightly boil the solution, observing the liquid level, and stopping heating when a film appears on the surface to obtain the saponified solution.
3. The soapberry enzyme handmade soap according to claim 1, wherein the cold saponification method comprises the following steps: preheating the measured decolorized waste oil to 45-50 ℃ to obtain a solution A; mixing the measured sodium hydroxide solution with the ethanol solution, and preheating to 45-50 ℃ to obtain a solution B; adding the solution B into the solution A, and continuously stirring until complete saponification to obtain a saponified solution.
4. The soapberry enzyme handmade soap according to claim 3, wherein the criteria for judging complete saponification are: adding several drops of saponification liquid into a test tube, adding 2-5 drops of distilled water, heating in water bath at 100 deg.C, and shaking continuously, wherein if no oil drop is released, complete saponification is indicated.
5. The soapberry enzyme handmade soap according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the soap base is melted, mixed with auxiliary materials and then fused with the colloidal soapberry fermentation liquid, and the auxiliary materials are skin care agents, flavoring agents or coloring agents.
6. The soapberry enzyme handmade soap according to claim 5, wherein the skin care agent is honey, milk, chocolate powder, or animal fat.
7. The soapberry enzyme handmade soap according to claim 1, wherein the soapberry enzyme handmade soap is prepared by the following specific method:
s21, heating the soapberry fermentation liquor in a water bath, and concentrating into a colloidal state to obtain a colloidal state fermentation liquor;
s22, heating and melting the prepared soap base, pouring the melted soap base into the colloidal state fermentation liquor to obtain a mixture, continuously stirring, controlling the temperature to be 40-50 ℃, stirring for 10min, pouring the mixture into a mold, drying at 25-35 ℃, taking out the dried soap base, and placing in a shade place for 2-3 days to finish shaping to obtain the soapberry handmade enzyme soap.
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| CN110684611A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-14 | 广西中医药大学 | Antibacterial itching-relieving skin-moistening medicated soap using waste oil as soap base and preparation method thereof |
| CN111979065A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-24 | 刘克武 | Wormwood soap and preparation method thereof |
| CN114471313B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-08-22 | 浙江永金生物科技有限公司 | Natural ferment soap of fruit ferment and production equipment thereof |
| CN114395449A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-26 | 桂林医学院 | Plant ash handmade soap containing traditional Chinese medicine fermentation product and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104357245A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-02-18 | 王晓伟 | Preparing method and usages of sapindus extract |
| CN105219553A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-01-06 | 广西大学 | A kind of natural hand soaps and preparation method thereof |
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