CN108349367A - 具有动态离合器的混合动力全轮驱动系统 - Google Patents

具有动态离合器的混合动力全轮驱动系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108349367A
CN108349367A CN201680062493.9A CN201680062493A CN108349367A CN 108349367 A CN108349367 A CN 108349367A CN 201680062493 A CN201680062493 A CN 201680062493A CN 108349367 A CN108349367 A CN 108349367A
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China
Prior art keywords
planetary gear
gear set
pair
wheel
motor
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Granted
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CN201680062493.9A
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CN108349367B (zh
Inventor
潘梓恒
慧·彭
尼基尔·拉维
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Robert Bosch GmbH
University of Michigan
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Robert Bosch GmbH
University of Michigan
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/344—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having a transfer gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/356—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • F16H3/728—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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Abstract

一种全轮驱动(AWD)多模式动力分配混合动力车辆，其采用将在2个行星齿轮(PG)组上并置在一起的所有电机和内燃发动机组合的驱动装置。本教示能够通过动力分配混合动力设计提供有竞争力的性能且同时使燃料经济性最大化。

Description

具有动态离合器的混合动力全轮驱动系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2015年10月27日提交的美国临时申请No.62/246,744和于2015年10月27日提交的美国临时申请No.62/246,753的权益。上述申请的全部公开内容通过参引并入本文中。
技术领域
本公开涉及具有动态离合器的混合动力全轮驱动系统。
背景技术和发明内容
本部分提供与本公开相关的背景信息，这些背景信息不一定是现有技术。本部分还提供本公开的总体概述，并且本部分不是本公开完整范围或所有特征的全面公开。
本教示提供了一种采用将在2个行星齿轮(PG)组上并置在一起的所有电机和内燃发动机组合的驱动装置的全轮驱动(AWD)多模式动力分配混合动力车辆。这是一种使用PG组的多模式动力分配混合动力车,并且已经发现这种配置类型具有良好的燃油经济性，例如普锐斯。与具有仅一个输出轴的常规动力分配混合动力车辆不同的是，本教示具有直接并置的两个输出轴。作为重型或轻型应用的基本特征的AWD能够实现良好的性能，比如起动、牵引和上下坡等。在两个输出轴上启用独立的扭矩控制功能使得性能最大化。本教示能够通过动力分配混合动力设计提供有竞争力的性能且同时使燃料经济性最大化。与过去的混合动力车辆设计相比，这是一个很大的优势。
其他应用领域将通过本文中所提供的描述而变得明显。该发明内容中的描述和具体示例仅意在用于说明的目的，而无意于限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
本文中所描述的附图仅用于对选定的实施方式而不是对所有可能的实施方式进行说明的目的，并且不意在限制本公开的范围。
图1A是包括结合有本发明的家庭成员的全轮驱动(AWD)多模式动力分配设计的动力系的示意图；
图1B是描绘图1A中所示的动力系的操作特性中的一些操作特性的操作模式表；
图2A是包括结合有本发明的家庭成员的全轮驱动(AWD)多模式动力分配设计的动力系的示意图；
图2B是描绘图2A中所示动力系的操作特性中的一些操作特性的操作模式表；
图3A是包括结合有本发明的家庭成员的全轮驱动(AWD)多模式动力分配设计的动力系的示意图；
图3B是描绘图3A中所示的动力系的操作特性中的一些操作特性的操作模式表；
图4A是包括结合有本发明的家庭成员的全轮驱动(AWD)多模式动力分配设计的动力系的示意图；
图4B是描绘图4A中所示的动力系的操作特性中的一些操作特性的操作模式表；
图5A是包括结合有本发明的家庭成员的全轮驱动(AWD)多模式动力分配设计的动力系的示意图；
图5B是描绘图5A中所示的动力系的操作特性中的一些操作特性的操作模式表；
图6A是包括结合有本发明的家庭成员的全轮驱动(AWD)多模式动力分配设计的动力系的示意图；
图6B是描绘图6A中所示的动力系的操作特性中的一些操作特性的操作模式表；
图7A是包括结合有本发明的家庭成员的全轮驱动(AWD)多模式动力分配设计的动力系的示意图；
图7B是描绘图7A中所示的动力系的操作特性中的一些操作特性的操作模式表；
图8A是包括结合有本发明的家庭成员的全轮驱动(AWD)多模式动力分配设计的动力系的示意图；以及
图8B是描绘图8A中所示的动力系的操作特性中的一些操作特性的操作模式表。
贯穿附图的几个视图，相对应的附图标记表示相对应的部件。
具体实施方式
现通过参照附图对示例实施方式进行更充分地描述。
提供了示例实施方式使得本公开将会是详尽的，并且将范围充分地传达给本领域技术人员。提出了诸如具体部件、装置和方法的示例之类的许多具体细节以提供对本公开的实施方式的详尽理解。对于本领域技术人员而言将明显的是，没有必要采用具体细节，可以以许多不同的方式实施示例实施方式，并且不应当理解为是对本公开的范围的限制。在某些示例实施方式中，并未对公知的过程、公知的装置结构和公知的技术进行详细地描述。
本文中使用的术语仅用于描述特定的示例实施方式的目的而并非意在进行限制。如本文中所使用的，除非上下文另有明确说明，单数形式的“一”、“一个”和“该”也可以意在包括复数形式。术语“由......组成”、“包含”“包括”以及“具有”是包含性的，因而既指明了所述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件的存在，又不排除存在或附加有一个或更多个其他特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或它们的组合。除非特别明确为一种执行顺序，否则本文所描述的方法步骤、过程和操作不应理解为必须需要以所描述或示出的特定顺序执行。还应理解的是，可以使用附加的或替代的步骤。
当提到一个元件或层“在另一元件或层上”、“接合至另一元件或层”、“连接至另一元件或层”、或“联接至另一元件或层”时，该元件或层可以直接在其他元件或层上，直接接合至、连接至或联接至其他元件或层，或者也可以存在居间的元件或层。相比之下，当提到一个元件“直接在另一元件或层上”、“直接接合至另一元件或层”、“直接连接至另一元件或层”或“直接联接至另一元件或层”时，可以不存在居间的元件或层。用来描述元件之间的关系的其他词语(例如“在…之间”与“直接在…之间”、“与…相邻”与“与…直接相邻”等等)应当以类似的方式理解。如本文中所使用的，术语“和/或”包括相关联列举项目中的一个或更多个的任意组合和所有组合。
尽管在本文中可以使用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述各个元件、部件、区域、层和/或部段，但是这些元件、部件、区域、层和/或部段不应当被这些术语限制。这些术语可以仅用来对一个元件、部件、区域、层或部段与另一区域、层或部段进行区分。除非上下文有明确说明，否则在本文中使用的诸如“第一”、“第二”和其他数字术语之类的术语不意味着次序或顺序。因此，下面论述的第一元件、部件、区域、层或部段在不背离示例性实施方式的教示的情况下可以被称作第二元件、部件、区域、层或部段。
出于易于说明的目的，本文中可以使用诸如“内”、“外”、“在…下面”、“在…下方”、“下"、“在…上方”、“上”之类的空间相对术语来描述附图中所示的一个元件或特征与另一元件(或多个元件)或特征(或多个特征)的关系。空间相对术语意在涵盖装置在使用或操作中的除图中所描绘的定向之外的不同定向。例如，如果图中的装置被翻转，则被描述为“在其他元件或特征的下方”或“在其他元件或特征的下面”的元件将继而被定向成“在其他元件或特征的上方”。因而，示例术语“在…下方”可涵盖上方和下方两种定向。装置可以以其他方式定向(旋转90度或者以其他定向)，并且本文中使用的空间相对描述词被相应地解释。
根据本教示的原理，如本文中所概述的，提供了下述全轮驱动(AWD)多模式动力分配混合动力车辆10，该全轮驱动(AWD)多模式动力分配混合动力车辆10采用将在2个行星齿轮(PG)组20、22上并置在一起的所有电机14、16和内燃发动机18组合的驱动装置12。这是使用PG组的多模式动力分配混合动力车，并且已知此构型类型实现了良好的燃料经济性，比如普锐斯。与具有仅一个输出轴的常规动力分配混合动力车辆不同，本教示具有两个输出轴、即前输出轴24和后输出轴26，前输出轴24和后输出轴26直接并置以驱动联接至车辆10的至少前轮32的前轴28和联接至车辆10的至少后轮34的后轴30。作为用于重型或轻型应用的基本特征的AWD能够实现良好的性能，比如起动、牵引和上坡。在两个输出轴36、38处启用独立的扭矩控制使得性能可以最大化。本教示能够通过动力分配混合动力设计提供有竞争力的性能且同时使燃料经济性最大化。与过去的混合动力车辆设计相比，这是一个很大的优势。
本教示的车辆10可以具有各种操作模式，包括但不限于动力分配模式、纯电动模式和并行模式。车辆10的操作可以根据不同的环境进行优化。
在所有这些实施方式中，车辆包括前轮32和后轮34。在2个行星齿轮(PG)组上并置有汽油内燃发动机18以及电机14和16。在每个实施方式中使用三个离合器。
第一示例性实施方式的描述
参照图1A，示出了动力系驱动装置12。发动机18以可操作的方式连接至第一PG机构20的环形齿轮，而电机14连接至第一PG机构20的太阳齿轮并且电机16连接至第二PG机构22的太阳齿轮。
动态离合器36与第一PG机构20的行星架和第二PG机构22的行星架并置。动态离合器38与第一PG机构20的太阳齿轮和第二PG机构22的环形齿轮并置。制动离合器40与第一PG机构20的行星架并置。第二PG机构22的环形齿轮向前轮32输出，而第二PG机构22的太阳齿轮向后轮34输出。动态离合器36和38的状态与制动离合器40的状态一起限定此系统的操作模式。操作模式表在图1B中示出。
本教示在离合器36接合而另外两个离合器38、40断开接合的情况下采用动力分配模式。发动机18和电机14一起驱动前轮32和后轮34。由于马达16和后轮34直接并置，因而马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。通常，两个输出轴24和26的转速是相同的。发动机18的转速可以根据所需的受控操作而变化。
本教示还在离合器38接合而另外两个离合器36、40断开接合的情况下采用纯电动模式。马达14直接驱动前轮32，而马达16控制后轮34。发动机18的速度不受车轮速度的影响并且可以被关闭。车辆在AWD情况下完全由两个电机14、16驱动，因此其作为电动车辆运行。
本教示还在离合器40接合而离合器36和38断开接合的情况下采用具有后轮驱动(RWD)的串联模式。马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。马达14连接至发动机18并且作为通过发动机动力而发电的发电机运行。
本教示还在离合器36和38接合而离合器40断开接合的情况下采用并联模式。所有的动力部件——发动机18和电机14和16——都驱动这两个输出轴24和26，并且这些部件具有与这两个输出轴相同的转速。发动机18的运行状态可以通过改变其作用扭矩而改变。在这种模式下，车辆以并联混合动力运行。
本教示还采用在发动机18运行时车辆可以后退驱动的操作模式。制动离合器40和离合器38接合，并且离合器36断开接合。发动机18和马达14驱动前轮32。在后退驱动的情况下，发动机18由于制动离合器40的接合而仍沿正方向旋转，即使在前轮32具有负转速时亦如此。马达16分别驱动后轮34。
第二示例性实施方式的描述
参照图2A，示出了动力系驱动装置12。发动机18以可操作的方式连接至第一PG机构20的环形齿轮，而电机14连接至第一PG机构20的太阳齿轮并且电机16连接至第二PG机构22的环形齿轮。
动态离合器36与第一PG机构20的行星架和第二PG机构22的行星架并置。动态离合器38与第一PG机构20的太阳齿轮和第二PG机构22的太阳齿轮并置。制动离合器40与第一PG机构20的行星架并置。第二PG机构22的太阳齿轮向前轮32进行输出，而第二PG机构22的环形齿轮向后轮34进行输出。动态离合器36和38的状态与制动离合器40的状态一起限定此系统的操作模式。操作模式表在图2B中示出。
本教示在离合器36接合而另外两个离合器38、40断开接合的情况下采用动力分配模式。发动机18和马达14一起驱动前轮32和后轮34。由于马达16和后轮34直接并置，因而马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。通常，两个输出轴24和26的转速是相同的。发动机18的转速可以根据所需的受控操作而变化。
本教示还在离合器38接合而另外两个离合器36、40断开接合的情况下采用纯电动模式。马达14直接驱动前轮32，而马达16控制后轮34。发动机18的速度不受车轮速度的影响并且可以被关闭。车辆在AWD情况下完全由两个电机14、16驱动，因此其作为电动车辆运行。
本教示还在离合器40接合而离合器36和38断开接合的情况下采用具有后轮驱动(RWD)的串联模式。马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。马达14连接至发动机18并且作为通过发动机动力而发电的发电机运行。
本教示还在离合器36和38接合而离合器40断开接合的情况下采用并联模式。所有的动力部件——发动机18和电机14和16——都驱动这两个输出轴24和26，并且这些部件具有与这两个输出轴相同的转速。发动机18的运行状态可以通过改变其作用扭矩而改变。在这种模式下，车辆以并联混合动力运行。
本教示还采用在发动机18运行时车辆可以后退驱动的操作模式。制动离合器40和离合器38接合，并且离合器36断开接合。发动机18和马达14驱动前轮32。在后退驱动的情况下，发动机18由于制动离合器40的接合而仍沿正方向旋转，即使在前轮32具有负转速时亦如此。马达16分别驱动后轮34。
第三示例性实施方式的描述
参照图3A，示出了动力系驱动装置12。发动机18以可操作的方式连接至第一PG机构20的太阳齿轮，而电机14连接至第一PG机构20的环形齿轮，并且马达16连接至第二PG机构22的太阳齿轮。
动态离合器36与第一PG机构20的行星架和第二PG机构22的行星架并置。动态离合器38与第一PG机构20的环形齿轮和第二PG机构22的环形齿轮并置。制动离合器40与第一PG机构20的行星架并置。第二PG机构22的环形齿轮向前轮32进行输出，而第二PG机构22的太阳齿轮向后轮34进行输出。动态离合器36和38的状态与制动离合器40的状态一起限定此系统的操作模式。操作模式表在图3B中示出。
本教示在离合器36接合而另外两个离合器38、40断开接合的情况下采用动力分配模式。发动机18和电机14一起驱动前轮32和后轮34。由于马达16与后轮34直接并置，因而马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。通常，两个输出轴24和26的转速是相同的。发动机18的转速可以根据所需的受控操作而变化。
本教示还在离合器38接合而另外两个离合器36、40断开接合的情况下采用纯电动模式。马达14直接驱动前轮32而马达16控制后轮34。发动机18的速度不受车轮速度的影响并且可以被关闭。车辆在AWD情况下完全由两个电机14、16驱动，因此其作为电动车辆运行。
本教示还在离合器40接合而离合器36和38断开接合的情况下采用具有后轮驱动(RWD)的串联模式。马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。马达14连接至发动机18并且作为通过发动机动力而发电的发电机运行。
本教示还在离合器36和38接合而离合器40断开接合的情况下采用并联模式。所有的动力部件——发动机18和电机14和16——都驱动这两个输出轴24和26，并且这些部件具有与这两个输出轴相同的转速。发动机18的运行状态可以通过改变其作用扭矩而改变。在这种模式下，车辆以并联混合动力运行。
本教示还采用在发动机18运行时车辆可以后退驱动的操作模式。制动离合器40和离合器38接合，并且离合器36断开接合。发动机18和马达14驱动前轮32。在后退驱动的情况下，发动机18由于制动离合器40的接合而仍沿正方向旋转，即使在前轮32具有负转速时亦如此。马达16分别驱动后轮34。
第四示例性实施方式的描述
参照图4A，示出了动力系驱动装置12。发动机18以可操作的方式连接至第二PG机构22的太阳齿轮，而电机14连接至第二PG机构22的环形齿轮，并且马达16连接至第一PG机构20的环形齿轮。
动态离合器36与第一PG机构20的行星架和第二PG机构22的行星架并置。动态离合器38与第一PG机构20的太阳齿轮和第二PG机构22的环形齿轮并置。制动离合器40与第一PG机构20的行星架并置。第一PG机构20的太阳齿轮向前轮32进行输出，而第一PG机构20的环形齿轮向后轮34进行输出。动态离合器36和38的状态与制动离合器40的状态一起限定此系统的操作模式。操作模式表在图4B中示出。
本教示在离合器36接合而另外两个离合器38、40断开接合的情况下采用动力分配模式。发动机18和马达14一起驱动前轮32和后轮34。由于马达16与后轮34直接并置，因而马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。通常，两个输出轴24和26的旋转速度是相同的。发动机18的转速可以根据所需的受控操作而变化。
本教示还在离合器38接合而另外两个离合器36、40断开接合的情况下采用纯电动模式。马达14直接驱动前轮32而马达16控制后轮34。发动机18的速度不受车轮速度的影响并且可以被关闭。车辆在AWD情况下完全由两个电机14、16驱动，因此其作为电动车辆运行。
本教示还在离合器40接合而离合器36和38断开接合的情况下采用具有后轮驱动(RWD)的串联模式。马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。马达14连接至发动机18并且作为通过发动机动力而发电的发电机运行。
本教示还在离合器36和38接合而离合器40断开接合的情况下采用并联模式。所有的动力部件——发动机18和电机14和16——都驱动这两个输出轴24和26，并且这些部件具有与这两个输出轴相同的转速。发动机18的运行状态可以通过改变其作用扭矩而改变。在这种模式下，车辆以并联混合动力运行。
本教示还采用在发动机18运行时车辆可以后退驱动的操作模式。制动离合器40和离合器38接合，并且离合器36断开接合。发动机18和马达14驱动前轮32。在后退驱动的情况下，发动机18由于制动离合器40的接合而仍沿正方向旋转，即使在前轮32具有负转速时亦如此。马达16分别驱动后轮34。
第五示例性实施方式的描述
参照图5A，示出了动力系驱动装置12。发动机18以可操作的方式连接至第一PG机构20的行星架，而电机14连接至第二PG机构22的环形齿轮，并且马达16连接至第一PG机构20的环形齿轮。
动态离合器36与第一PG机构20的太阳齿轮和第二PG机构22的行星架并置。动态离合器38与第一PG机构20的行星架和第二PG机构22的环形齿轮并置。制动离合器40与第二PG机构22的行星架并置。第二PG机构22的太阳齿轮向前轮32进行输出，而第一PG机构20的环形齿轮向后轮34进行输出。动态离合器36和38的状态与制动离合器40的状态一起限定此系统的操作模式。操作模式表在图5B中示出。
本教示在离合器36接合而另外两个离合器38、40断开接合的情况下采用动力分配模式。发动机18和马达14一起驱动前轮32和后轮34。由于马达16与后轮34直接并置，因而马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。通常，两个输出轴24和26的旋转速度是相同的。发动机18的转速可以根据所需的受控操作而变化。
本教示还在离合器38接合而另外两个离合器36、40断开接合的情况下采用具有后轮驱动(RWD)的串联模式。马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。马达14连接至发动机18并且作为通过发动机动力而发电的发电机运行。
本教示还在离合器40接合而另外两个离合器36、38断开接合的情况下采用纯电动模式。马达14直接驱动前轮32而马达16控制后轮34。发动机18的速度不受车轮速度的影响并且可以被关闭。车辆在AWD情况下完全由两个电机14、16驱动，因此其作为电动车辆运行。
本教示还在离合器36和38接合而离合器40断开接合的情况下采用并联模式。所有的动力部件——发动机18和电机14和16——都驱动这两个输出轴24和26，并且这些部件具有与这两个输出轴相同的转速。发动机18的运行状态可以通过改变其作用扭矩而改变。在这种模式下，车辆以并联混合动力运行。
本教示还在离合器36和40接合而离合器38断开接合的情况下采用另一并联模式。发动机18和电机16以发动机速度与输出速度之比为0.67来驱动后轮34。电机14驱动前轮32。发动机18的运行状态可以通过改变其作用扭矩而改变。
本教示还采用在发动机18运行时车辆可以后退驱动的操作模式。制动离合器40和离合器38接合，并且离合器36断开接合。发动机18和马达14驱动前轮32。在后退驱动的情况下，发动机18由于制动离合器40的接合而仍沿正方向旋转，即使在前轮32具有负转速时亦如此。马达16分别驱动后轮34。
第六示例性实施方式的描述
参照图6A，示出了动力系驱动装置12。发动机18以可操作的方式连接至第一PG机构20的行星架，而电机14连接至第二PG机构22的太阳齿轮并且电机16连接至第一PG机构20的环形齿轮。
动态离合器36与第一PG机构20的太阳齿轮和第二PG机构22的行星架并置。动态离合器38与第一PG机构20的行星架和第二PG机构22的太阳齿轮并置。制动离合器40与第二PG机构22的行星架并置。第二PG机构22的环形齿轮向前轮32进行输出，而第一PG机构20的环形齿轮向后轮34进行输出。动态离合器36和38的状态与制动离合器40的状态一起限定此系统的操作模式。操作模式表在图6B中示出。
本教示在离合器36接合而另外两个离合器38、40断开接合的情况下采用动力分配模式。发动机18和马达14一起驱动前轮32和后轮34。由于马达16与后轮34直接并置，因而马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。通常，两个输出轴24和26的转速是相同的。发动机18的转速可以根据所需的受控操作而变化。
本教示还在离合器38接合而离合器36和40断开接合的情况下采用具有后轮驱动(RWD)的串联模式。马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。马达14连接至发动机18并且作为通过发动机动力而发电的发电机运行。
本教示还在离合器40接合而另外两个离合器36、38断开接合的情况下采用纯电动模式。马达14直接驱动前轮32而马达16控制后轮34。发动机18的速度不受车轮速度的影响并且可以被关闭。车辆在AWD情况下完全由两个电机14、16驱动，因此其作为电动车辆运行。
本教示还在离合器36和38接合而离合器40断开接合的情况下采用并联模式。所有的动力部件——发动机18和电机14和16——都驱动这两个输出轴24和26，并且这些部件具有与这两个输出轴相同的转速。发动机18的运行状态可以通过改变其作用扭矩而改变。在这种模式下，车辆以并联混合动力运行。
本教示还在离合器36和40接合而离合器38断开接合的情况下采用另一并联模式。发动机18和电机16以发动机速度与输出速度之比为0.67来驱动后轮34。电机14驱动前轮32。发动机18的运转状态可以通过改变其作用扭矩而改变。
本教示还采用在发动机18运行时车辆可以后退驱动的操作模式。制动离合器40和离合器38接合，并且离合器36断开接合。发动机18和马达14驱动前轮32。在此后退驱动的情况下，发动机18由于制动离合器40的接合而仍沿正方向旋转，即使在前轮32具有负转速时亦如此。马达16分别驱动后轮34。
第七示例性实施方式的描述
参照图7A，示出了动力系驱动装置12。发动机18以可操作的方式连接至第一PG机构20的行星架，而电机14连接至第二PG机构22的环形齿轮并且马达16连接至第一PG机构20的太阳齿轮。
动态离合器36与第一PG机构20的环形齿轮和第二PG机构22的行星架并置。动态离合器38与第一PG机构20的行星架和第二PG机构22的环形齿轮并置。制动离合器40与第二PG机构22的行星架并置。第二PG机构22的太阳齿轮向前轮32进行输出，而第一PG机构20的太阳齿轮向后轮34进行输出。动态离合器36和38的状态与制动离合器40的状态一起限定此系统的操作模式。操作模式表在图7B中示出。
本教示在离合器36接合而另外两个离合器38、40断开接合的情况下采用动力分配模式。发动机18和马达14一起驱动前轮32和后轮34。由于马达16与后轮34直接并置，因而马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。通常，两个输出轴24和26的旋转速度是相同的。发动机18的转速可以根据所需的受控操作而变化。
本教示还在离合器38接合而离合器36和40断开接合的情况下采用具有后轮驱动(RWD)的串联模式。马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。马达14连接至发动机18并且作为通过发动机动力而发电的发电机运行。
本教示还在离合器40接合而另外两个离合器36、38断开接合的情况下采用纯电动模式。马达14直接驱动前轮32，而马达16控制后轮34。发动机18的速度不受车轮速度的影响并且可以被关闭。车辆在AWD情况下完全由两个电机14、16驱动，因此其作为电动车辆运行。
本教示还在离合器36和38接合而离合器40断开接合的情况下采用并联模式。所有的动力部件——发动机18和电机14和16——都驱动这两个输出轴24和26，并且这些部件具有与这两个输出轴相同的转速。发动机18的运行状态可以通过改变其作用扭矩而改变。在这种模式下，车辆以并联混合动力运行。
本教示还在离合器36和40接合而离合器38断开接合的情况下采用另一并联模式。发动机18和电机16以发动机速度与输出速度之比为0.33来驱动后轮34。电机14驱动前轮32。发动机18的运行状态可以通过改变其作用扭矩而改变。
本教示还采用在发动机18运行时车辆可以后退驱动的操作模式。制动离合器40和离合器38接合，并且离合器36断开接合。发动机18和马达14驱动前轮32。在此后退驱动的情况下，发动机18由于制动离合器40的接合而仍沿正方向旋转，即使在前轮32具有负转速时亦如此。马达16分别驱动后轮34。
第八示例性实施方式的描述
参照图8A，示出了动力系驱动装置12。发动机18以可操作的方式连接至第一PG机构20的行星架，而电机14连接至第二PG机构22的太阳齿轮并且马达16连接至第一PG机构20的太阳齿轮。
动态离合器36与第一PG机构20的环形齿轮和第二PG机构22的行星架并置。动态离合器38与第一PG机构20的行星架和第二PG机构22的太阳齿轮并置。制动离合器40与第二PG机构22的行星架并置。第二PG机构22的环形齿轮向前轮32进行输出，而第一PG机构20的太阳齿轮向后轮34进行输出。动态离合器36和38的状态与制动离合器40的状态一起限定此系统的操作模式。操作模式表在图8B中示出。
本教示在离合器36接合而另外两个离合器38、40断开接合的情况下采用动力分配模式。发动机18和马达14一起驱动前轮32和后轮34。由于马达16与后轮34直接并置，因而马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。通常，两个输出轴24和26的转速是相同的。发动机18的转速可以根据所需的受控操作而变化。
本教示还在离合器38接合而离合器36和40断开接合的情况下采用具有后轮驱动(RWD)的串联模式。马达16对后轮34的输出进行控制/调节。马达14连接至发动机18并且作为通过发动机动力而发电的发电机运行。
本教示还在离合器40接合而另外两个离合器36、38断开接合的情况下采用纯电动模式。马达14直接驱动前轮32而马达16控制后轮34。发动机18的速度不受车轮速度的影响并且可以被关闭。车辆在AWD情况下完全由两个电机14、16驱动，因此其作为电动车辆运行。
本教示还在离合器36和38接合而离合器40断开接合的情况下采用并联模式。所有的动力部件——发动机18和电机14和16——都驱动这两个输出轴24和26，并且这些部件具有与这两个输出轴相同的转速。发动机18的运行状态可以通过改变其作用扭矩而改变。在这种模式下，车辆以并联混合动力运行。
本教示还在离合器36和40接合而离合器38断开接合的情况下采用另一并联模式。发动机18和电机16以发动机速度与输出速度之比为0.33来驱动后轮34。电机14驱动前轮32。发动机18的运转状态可以通过改变其作用扭矩而改变。
本教示还采用在发动机18运行时车辆可以后退驱动的操作模式。制动离合器40和离合器38接合，并且离合器36断开接合。发动机18和马达14驱动前轮32。在此后退驱动的情况下，发动机18由于制动离合器40的接合而仍沿正方向旋转，即使在前轮32具有负转速时亦如此。马达16分别驱动后轮34。
尽管没有示例性地逐一说明，但是基于本领域技术人员的知识，图1中的本发明可以以多种修改或改变形式来实施。例如，PG机构20和PG机构22的传动比可以改变，并且部件——比如发动机18以及马达14和马达16——的尺寸可以针对不同的设计要求来调节。
已经出于说明和描述的目的提供了实施方式的前述描述。这并非意在穷举或限制本公开。特定实施方式的各个元件或特征通常并不限制于特定的实施方式，而是如果适用则可以互换并且可以用于甚至未被具体地示出或描述的选定实施方式中。特定实施方式的各单个元件或特征也可以以许多方式进行改变。这种改变不被认为是背离本公开，并且所有这些修改都旨在被包括在本公开的范围内。

Claims (20)

1.一种混合动力全轮驱动系统，包括：
前轮；
后轮；
提供输出的内燃发动机；
提供输出的第一电机；
提供输出的第二电机；
一对行星齿轮组，每个行星齿轮组均具有环形齿轮、太阳齿轮、多个小齿轮以及行星架，所述一对行星齿轮组中的每个行星齿轮组以可操作的方式联接至所述内燃发动机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机中的至少一者以将输出传递至所述前轮和所述后轮中的至少一者；
第一动态离合器，所述第一动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的第一行星齿轮组联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的第二行星齿轮组；
第二动态离合器，所述第二动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组；以及
制动离合器，所述制动离合器选择性地与所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组和所述第二行星齿轮组中的一者的行星架并置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述发动机以可操作的方式连接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的环形齿轮，
所述第一电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮，
所述第二电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮将输出传递至所述前轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮将输出传递至所述后轮。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述第一动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的行星架；
所述第二动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮；以及
所述制动离合器选择性地与所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架并置。
4.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述发动机以可操作的方式连接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的环形齿轮，
所述第一电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮，
所述第二电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮将输出传递至所述前轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮将输出传递至所述后轮。
5.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述第一动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的行星架；
所述第二动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮；以及
所述制动离合器选择性地与所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架并置。
6.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述发动机以可操作的方式连接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮，
所述第一电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的环形齿轮，
所述第二电机以可操作的方式联接到所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮将输出传递至所述前轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮将输出传递至所述后轮。
7.根据权利要求6所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述第一动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的行星架；
所述第二动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的环形齿轮联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮；以及
所述制动离合器选择性地与所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架并置。
8.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述发动机以可操作的方式连接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮，
所述第一电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮，
所述第二电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的环形齿轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮将输出传递至所述前轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的环形齿轮将输出传递至所述后轮。
9.根据权利要求8所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述第一动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的行星架；
所述第二动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮；以及
所述制动离合器选择性地与所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架并置。
10.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述发动机以可操作的方式连接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架齿轮，
所述第一电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮，
所述第二电机以可操作的方式联接到所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的环形齿轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮将输出传递至所述前轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的环形齿轮将输出传递至所述后轮。
11.根据权利要求10所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述第一动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的行星架；
所述第二动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架齿轮联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮；以及
所述制动离合器选择性地与所述一对行星齿轮组中的第二行星齿轮组的行星架并置。
12.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述发动机以可操作的方式连接到所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架齿轮，
所述第一电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮，
所述第二电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的环形齿轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮将输出传递至所述前轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的环形齿轮将输出传递至所述后轮。
13.根据权利要求12所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述第一动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的行星架；
所述第二动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架齿轮联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮；以及
所述制动离合器选择性地与所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的行星架并置。
14.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述发动机以可操作的方式连接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架齿轮，
所述第一电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮，
所述第二电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮将输出传递至所述前轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮将输出传递至所述后轮。
15.根据权利要求14所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述第一动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的环形联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的行星架；
所述第二动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架齿轮联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮；以及
所述制动离合器选择性地与所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的行星架并置。
16.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述发动机以可操作的方式连接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架齿轮，
所述第一电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮，
所述第二电机以可操作的方式联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的环形齿轮将输出传递至所述前轮，
所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮将输出传递至所述后轮。
17.根据权利要求16所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，
所述第一动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的环形联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的行星架；
所述第二动态离合器选择性地将所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第一行星齿轮组的行星架齿轮联接至所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的太阳齿轮；以及
所述制动离合器选择性地与所述一对行星齿轮组中的所述第二行星齿轮组的行星架并置。
18.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，所述第一动态离合器、所述第二动态离合器和所述制动离合器能够被选择性地致动以将所述发动机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机中的至少一者的输出联接至所述前轮和所述后轮中的至少一者以产生动力分配式全轮驱动配置。
19.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，所述第一动态离合器、所述第二动态离合器和所述制动离合器能够被选择性地致动以将所述发动机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机中的至少一者的输出联接至所述前轮和所述后轮中的至少一者以产生并联式全轮驱动配置。
20.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力全轮驱动系统，其中，所述第一动态离合器、所述第二动态离合器和所述制动离合器能够被选择性地致动以将所述发动机、所述第一电机和所述第二电机中的至少一者的输出联接至所述前轮和所述后轮中的至少一者以产生串联式全轮驱动配置。
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