CN108339104A - 用于支气管哮喘的贴剂 - Google Patents

用于支气管哮喘的贴剂 Download PDF

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CN108339104A
CN108339104A CN201810313325.3A CN201810313325A CN108339104A CN 108339104 A CN108339104 A CN 108339104A CN 201810313325 A CN201810313325 A CN 201810313325A CN 108339104 A CN108339104 A CN 108339104A
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林凡友
王世礼
郭增光
罗晓倩
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Xiang Yu Pharmaceutical Ltd Co
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Abstract

本发明属于药物提取技术领域,公开了用于支气管哮喘的贴剂,其包括取丁香,细辛,生姜,银杏叶,紫苏叶,麻黄,芥子,矮地茶。本发明在已有贴剂配方的基础上,通过添加银杏叶和紫苏叶的醇提物,提高了药效,优于现有技术已知的产品和工艺,具备较好的应用前景。

Description

用于支气管哮喘的贴剂
技术领域
本发明属于药物提取技术领域,具体地,涉及用于支气管哮喘的贴剂。
背景技术
支气管哮喘是由多种细胞及细胞组分参与的慢性气道炎症,此种炎症常伴随引起气道反应性增高,导致反复发作的喘息、气促、胸闷和(或)咳嗽等症状,多在夜间和(或)凌晨发生,此类症状常伴有广泛而多变的气流阻塞,可以自行或通过治疗而逆转。哮喘表现为发作性咳嗽、胸闷及呼吸困难。部分患者咳痰,多于发作趋于缓解时痰多,如无合并感染,常为白黏痰,质韧,有时呈米粒状或黏液柱状。发作时的严重程度和持续时间个体差异很大,轻者仅有胸部紧迫感,持续数分钟,重者极度呼吸困难,持续数周或更长时间。症状的特点是可逆性,即经治疗后可在较短时间内缓解,部分自然缓解,当然,少部分不缓解而呈持续状态。发作常有一定的诱发因素,不少患者发作有明显的生物规律,每天凌晨2~6时发作或加重,一般好发于春夏交接时或冬天,部分女性(约20%)在月经前或期间哮喘发作或加重。要注意非典型哮喘病人。有的病人常以发作性咳嗽作为惟一的症状,临床上常易误诊为支气管炎;有的青少年病人则以运动时出现胸闷,气紧为惟一的临床表现。
香麻寒喘贴是目前市场在售的药物,可用来治疗小儿支气管管炎、哮喘等症状,具备疗效好,毒副作用低等优点,相应的专利也有记载;该药物的疗效还有待提升,申请人对该药物进行了不断的改进,以提升其疗效。其中,专利技术“CN2013103914698,一种香麻寒喘贴及其制备工艺”和“CN2015101716371,一种香麻寒喘贴的应用及其检测方法”是对现有技术的改进,主要通过添加多种原料药,其效果优于已知药物,但是存在原料种类多,药理作用不明确以及成本高等缺陷;专利技术“CN2017109499108”对现有的香麻寒喘贴的工艺进行了改进,避免了蒸馏时间过久导致苦苷、总黄酮及总酚酸含量的破坏造成的药效损失;在该专利技术的基础上,申请人继续对贴剂进行了改进。
发明内容
在现有技术的基础上,本发明提供了用于支气管哮喘的贴剂。
本发明是通过如下技术方案来实现的:
用于支气管哮喘的贴剂,其包括取丁香,细辛,生姜,银杏叶,紫苏叶,麻黄,芥子,矮地茶。
进一步地,
所述贴剂按照如下工艺制备而得:步骤1)称取原料,步骤2)制备挥发油和提取液A,步骤3)制备提取液B,步骤4)制备提取液C,步骤5)制备稠膏,步骤6)制备贴剂。
进一步地,
所述贴剂按照如下工艺制备而得:
步骤1)称取原料:称取丁香33g,细辛100g,生姜200g,银杏叶100g,紫苏叶60g,麻黄200g,芥子200g,矮地茶333g;
步骤2)制备挥发油和提取液A:将丁香以及细辛混合,粉碎,过100目筛,生姜切片,将上述原料混合,然后添加6倍重量的水,用高速剪切机剪切30min获得浸泡液,剪切转速为2000rpm,然后蒸馏2小时,挥发油另置,提取液A及药渣备用;
步骤3)制备提取液B:取银杏叶和紫苏叶混合,粉碎,过200目筛,置于反应釜中,然后添加5倍重量的85%的乙醇浸提三次,每次6h,然后合并三次浸提液,减压浓缩至无醇,得到提取液B;
步骤4)制备提取液C:将麻黄、芥子以及矮地茶混合,粉碎成200目的粉末,然后添加到反应釜中,再添加5倍重量的水,搅拌均匀,加热至70℃,并且控制压强为1Mpa,保温保压30min,然后降至常压常温,过滤收集提取液C,滤渣备用;
步骤5)制备稠膏:将步骤4)所得滤渣和与步骤2)所得药渣合并,加6倍重量的水煎煮1小时,滤过收集提取液D;合并提取液A、提取液B、提取液C以及提取液D,浓缩至密度为1.20g/ml的清膏,加乙醇使含醇量达50%,搅匀,静置24小时;取上清液,减压回收乙醇,浓缩至密度为1.28g/ml的稠膏,备用;
步骤6)制备贴剂:取生橡胶100g切成条状,用压胶机压成网状胶片,去静电、放冷,浸入汽油中24小时,使其充分溶胀,再移入配料锅内搅拌3小时,依次加入松香 80g、氧化锌80g、羊毛脂15g、凡士林15g、液体石蜡10g,混匀,加入上述稠膏及挥发油,搅匀,经80目铜丝筛网滤过,涂膏,切段,盖衬,切块,即得。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果主要包括但是并不限于以下几个方面:
银杏叶和紫苏叶采用简易的乙醇浸提工艺,较为简单,提取物中含有大量黄酮类物质和内酯类物质,具有较强的抗氧化和抑制炎症的功能;通过添加银杏叶和紫苏叶的醇提物,提高了药效,优于现有技术已知的产品和工艺,具备较好的应用前景,可进行下一步的临床研究。实施例1组、对比例1-3组大鼠灌洗液中IL-4、IL-6、IL-13 含量明显降低;其中,实施例1组、对比例1-2组的效果优于对比例3组,但是实施例1组的效果最佳,说明紫苏叶和银杏叶协同作用,能够提高已有贴剂配方的治疗效果,改进了已有贴剂配方,具有较好的临床研究价值。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请中的技术方案,下面将结合本申请具体实施例,对本发明进行更加清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
用于支气管哮喘的贴剂,其包括取丁香,细辛,生姜,银杏叶,紫苏叶,麻黄,芥子,矮地茶;
具体按照如下工艺制备而得:
步骤1)称取丁香33g,细辛100g,生姜200g,银杏叶100g,紫苏叶60g,麻黄200g,芥子200g,矮地茶333g;
步骤2)将丁香以及细辛混合,粉碎,过100目筛,生姜切片,将上述原料混合,然后添加6倍重量的水,用高速剪切机剪切30min获得浸泡液,剪切转速为2000rpm,然后蒸馏2小时,挥发油另置,提取液A及药渣备用;
步骤3)取银杏叶和紫苏叶混合,粉碎,过200目筛,置于反应釜中,然后添加5倍重量的85%的乙醇浸提三次,每次6h,然后合并三次浸提液,减压浓缩至无醇,得到提取液B;
步骤4)将麻黄、芥子以及矮地茶混合,粉碎成200目的粉末,然后添加到反应釜中,再添加5倍重量的水,搅拌均匀,加热至70℃,并且控制压强为1Mpa,保温保压30min,然后降至常压常温,过滤收集提取液C,滤渣备用;
步骤5)将步骤4)所得滤渣和与步骤2)所得药渣合并,加6倍重量的水煎煮1小时,滤过收集提取液D;合并提取液A、提取液B、提取液C以及提取液D,浓缩至密度为1.20g/ml的清膏,加乙醇使含醇量达50%,搅匀,静置24小时;取上清液,减压回收乙醇,浓缩至密度为1.28g/ml的稠膏,备用;
步骤6)取生橡胶100g切成条状,用压胶机压成网状胶片,去静电、放冷,浸入汽油中24小时,使其充分溶胀,再移入配料锅内搅拌3小时,依次加入松香 80g、氧化锌80g、羊毛脂15g、凡士林15g、液体石蜡10g,混匀,加入上述稠膏及挥发油,搅匀,经80目铜丝筛网滤过,涂膏,切段,盖衬,切块,制成1000贴,即得。
用法:外用,贴于双侧肺俞、定喘和膏肓穴。每穴一次一贴,一日一次,每次贴4~6小时。规则:4cm×4cm;储藏:密闭,置阴凉干燥处。
对比例1
不添加紫苏叶,其余同实施例1。
对比例2
不添加银杏叶,其余同实施例1。
对比例3
不添加紫苏叶和银杏叶,其余同实施例1。
实施例2
毒性试验:将实施例1制备的贴剂贴于脱去毛的家兔背部(双肺投影背部),每次贴4小时,每日贴1次,连续2周。对其血象、肺、肝、肾功能观察,未发现有毒性作用;经病理切片未发现心、肝、脾、肺、肾等器官有毒性损害。故提示临床推荐用药剂量使用安全。
实施例3
动物实验
实验动物选择SPF级雄性wistar大鼠120只,本公司实验动物中心提供,6周龄,体重(175±20)g,在室温、湿度30%环境中饲养1周后使用;随机分成6组,分别为正常组、哮喘模型组、实施例1组、对比例1组、对比例2组、对比例3组,每组20只。
建立慢性哮喘大鼠模型除正常组外,其余各组大鼠参考Palmans方法制备卵蛋白(OVA)致敏慢性哮喘气道炎症大鼠模型。从第1天首次接受OVA 注射至第14天为致敏阶段,第15天到第56天为持续激发阶段(6周)。致敏阶段:第1天予大鼠腹腔注射OVA和氢氧化铝混合溶液1mL(含OVA10mg、氢氧化铝100mg);第8天再次腹腔注射加强致敏。激发阶段:第15天开始,将大鼠放于自备密闭雾化箱内,予1%OVA 溶液雾化吸入,每次30min,隔日1 次,其间观察大鼠喷嚏、呼吸、口唇、腹部及活动度等反应,直到第56天雾化结束。
正常组大鼠活动正常,无喘促等表现,其余各组大鼠表现为毛发暗淡、竖毛、倦怠。雾化激发时部分大鼠出现典型哮喘样发作,如呼吸急促、喘息、点头呼吸、腹部翕动、行动减少,并随着激发次数增加症状逐步加重。部分大鼠出现阵发性喷嚏,随着激发次数增加喷嚏次数增加。
分组治疗第57天起对各组大鼠进行相应处理。正常组、哮喘模型组:正常喂养不做其他处理;实施例1组、对比例1-3组:贴敷于双侧肺俞、脾俞、肾俞穴,用胶布固定到穴位上,4h后去除,每日1次,共治疗14d。
指标观察及检测方法用10%水合氯醛(3.5mL/kg)腹腔注射麻醉。大鼠麻醉后,消毒皮肤,打开胸腔,夹闭其右主支气管,从气管缓缓注入生理盐水4mL 灌洗左肺,反复3次,离心,取其上清液并进行分装。指标观察:正常组大鼠肺泡形态规则,肺间质少量炎性细胞浸润;模型组大鼠肺泡腔缩小,其内见炎性细胞浸润及黏液栓,肺间质增厚;上述观察结果提示造模成功。ELISA 法检测支气管肺泡灌洗液中IL-4、IL-6、IL-13 含量(pg/ml)。具体结果见表1:
表1
组别 IL-4 IL-6 IL-13
正常组 1.59±0.21 22.71±3.43 26.05±4.11
哮喘模型组 4.18±0.56 28.13±5.29 35.63±6.44
实施例1组 1.67±0.26 23.38±3.78 26.72±4.57
对比例1组 2.05±0.32 24.78±6.13 28.12±5.92
对比例2组 1.92±0.31 25.64±5.35 27.91±6.15
对比例3组 2.12±0.27 26.04±4.22 31.23±5.34
结论:如上表1所示,与正常组相比,哮喘模型组灌洗液中IL-4、IL-6、IL-13 含量明显升高,结合观察指标,提示造模成功。与哮喘模型组比较,实施例1组、对比例1-3组大鼠灌洗液中IL-4、IL-6、IL-13 含量明显降低;其中,实施例1组、对比例1-2组的效果优于对比例3组,但是实施例1组的效果最佳,说明紫苏叶和银杏叶协同作用,能够提高已有配方的治疗效果,改进了已有配方,具有较好的临床研究价值。
虽然,上文中已经用一般性说明、具体实施方式及临床试验,对本发明作了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之作一些修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明创新精神的基础上所做的修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (3)

1.用于支气管哮喘的贴剂,其包括取丁香,细辛,生姜,银杏叶,紫苏叶,麻黄,芥子,矮地茶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的贴剂,其特征在于,所述贴剂按照如下工艺制备而得:步骤1)称取原料,步骤2)制备挥发油和提取液A,步骤3)制备提取液B,步骤4)制备提取液C,步骤5)制备稠膏,步骤6)制备贴剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的贴剂,其特征在于,所述贴剂按照如下工艺制备而得:
步骤1)称取原料:称取丁香33g,细辛100g,生姜200g,银杏叶100g,紫苏叶60g,麻黄200g,芥子200g,矮地茶333g;
步骤2)制备挥发油和提取液A:将丁香以及细辛混合,粉碎,过100目筛,生姜切片,将上述原料混合,然后添加6倍重量的水,用高速剪切机剪切30min获得浸泡液,剪切转速为2000rpm,然后蒸馏2小时,挥发油另置,提取液A及药渣备用;
步骤3)制备提取液B:取银杏叶和紫苏叶混合,粉碎,过200目筛,置于反应釜中,然后添加5倍重量的85%的乙醇浸提三次,每次6h,然后合并三次浸提液,减压浓缩至无醇,得到提取液B;
步骤4)制备提取液C:将麻黄、芥子以及矮地茶混合,粉碎成200目的粉末,然后添加到反应釜中,再添加5倍重量的水,搅拌均匀,加热至70℃,并且控制压强为1Mpa,保温保压30min,然后降至常压常温,过滤收集提取液C,滤渣备用;
步骤5)制备稠膏:将步骤4)所得滤渣和与步骤2)所得药渣合并,加6倍重量的水煎煮1小时,滤过收集提取液D;合并提取液A、提取液B、提取液C以及提取液D,浓缩至密度为1.20g/ml的清膏,加乙醇使含醇量达50%,搅匀,静置24小时;取上清液,减压回收乙醇,浓缩至密度为1.28g/ml的稠膏,备用;
步骤6)制备贴剂:取生橡胶100g切成条状,用压胶机压成网状胶片,去静电、放冷,浸入汽油中24小时,使其充分溶胀,再移入配料锅内搅拌3小时,依次加入松香 80g、氧化锌80g、羊毛脂15g、凡士林15g、液体石蜡10g,混匀,加入步骤5)所得稠膏及步骤2)所得挥发油,搅匀,经80目铜丝筛网滤过,涂膏,切段,盖衬,切块,即得。
CN201810313325.3A 2018-04-10 2018-04-10 用于支气管哮喘的贴剂 Pending CN108339104A (zh)

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CN107670004A (zh) * 2017-10-13 2018-02-09 翔宇药业股份有限公司 一种用于哮喘、支气管炎的药物制剂及其制备方法

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CN107670004A (zh) * 2017-10-13 2018-02-09 翔宇药业股份有限公司 一种用于哮喘、支气管炎的药物制剂及其制备方法

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