CN112386654B - 一种中药组合物、提取物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种中药组合物、提取物及其制备方法与应用,所述中药组合物主要包含以下原料:太子参、百合、黄精、金银花、炒苦杏仁、桔梗、陈皮。所述制备方法包括:粗粉脱脂水提,精制即得中药提取物。该提取物主要成分为50~100kDa的多糖、生物碱类、黄酮、多酚和皂苷。本发明制备得到的中药提取物在改善病人围手术期病人的免疫力,降低炎症程度,提高术后恢复能力的药物中的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体涉及一种中药组合物、提取物及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
肺癌是全球发病率以及死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤。手术在肺癌治疗中占有重要地位,尤其是早中期肺癌患者。虽然目前微创手术广泛应用于肺癌患者,但是同一病理类型、同一病理分期的肺癌患者的术后康复以及远期疗效,仍然千差万别。肺癌患者的术后康复与术前免疫状态密切相关。其中,患者围手术期的免疫状态与快速康复之间的关系是目前的研究热点。因此,提高围手术期患者免疫力,有望提高患者手术后的恢复。
中药的许多成分具有提高人体免疫力的功能,这些成分可用于改善围手术期病人的免疫功能,从而提高术后恢复能力。其中,太子参多糖含有的可溶性纤维可通过调节肠道菌群的功能从而提高人体的免疫力。其他组分也具有抗炎及提高免疫的效果。
因此,需要一种药物既能治疗败血症,又能改善免疫力和促进术后恢复。
发明内容
本发明要解决的第一个技术问题是:提供一种中药组合物,该组合物能够提取出抗败血症、改善免疫力和促进术后恢复的成分。
本发明要解决的第二个技术问题是:提供一种中药提取物,该中药提取物能够抗败血症、改善免疫力和促进术后恢复。
本发明要解决的第三个技术问题是:提供一种中药提取物的制备方法。
本发明要解决的第四个技术问题是:提供上述中药提取物在抗败血症、改善免疫力和促进术后恢复中的应用。
为了解决上述第一个技术问题,本发明的技术方案为:一种中药组合物,主要包含以下原料:太子参、百合、黄精、金银花、炒苦杏仁、桔梗和陈皮。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述中药组合物由以下重量份数计的原料组成:太子参5~15份;百合20~40份;黄精10~20份;金银花5~15份;炒苦杏仁5~15份;桔梗5~15份;陈皮5~15份。
太子参:又名童参、米参、四叶参等,最早收载于《本草拾遗》,为石竹科植物孩儿参的干燥块根。具有益气健脾,生津润肺之功效。常用于脾虚体倦,食欲不振,病后虚弱,气阴不足,自汗日渴,肺燥干咳。从太子参中分离得到挥发油、太子参多糖、多糖皂苷、太子参环肽、氨基酸等多种有效成分。
百合:又名强蜀、番韭、山丹、倒仙、重迈、中庭、摩罗、重箱、中逢花、百合蒜、大师傅蒜、蒜脑薯、夜合花等,是百合科百合属多年生草本球根植物;百合鳞茎主要含有甾体皂苷、酚性甘油苷、多糖、氨基酸、磷脂以及多种微量元素。皂苷为中药百合药效的物质基础,皂苷按其苷元结构可以划分为两大类,一类为甾体皂苷,另一类为三萜皂苷,中药百合中的苷类为甾体皂苷。百合的独特营养成分主要是生物碱,止咳效果明显,还可以增加肺脏内血液的灌流量,改善肺部功能,它也有一定的镇静作用。中医将百合入药,用于治疗慢性支气管炎、肺气肿和久咳等症。百合除含有蛋白质、脂肪、还原糖、淀粉,及钙、磷、铁、维生素B、维生素C等营养素。这些成分综合作用于人体,具有良好的营养滋补功效。
黄精:又名鸡头黄精、黄鸡菜、笔管菜、爪子参、老虎姜、鸡爪参。为百合科黄精属多种植物的根茎。生物碱、芳酮、甾体皂苷、木质素、氨基酸和多糖(PSP),其中PSP多糖成分被认为是黄精最重要的活性化合物之一。黄精性味甘平,具有如抗氧化活性和抗衰老活性等。此外,黄精还具有增强免疫力、神经保护、抗糖尿病、抗疲劳、抗癌、抗骨质疏松等作用。
金银花:始载于《名医别录》,列为上品。“金银花”一名始见于李时珍《本草纲目》,文献沿用已久,已收入中国药典。此外,尚有“银花”、“双花”、“二花”、“二宝花”、“双宝花”等药材名称。忍冬花性甘寒,功能清热解毒、消炎退肿,对细菌性痢疾和各种化脓性疾病都有效。金银花的有效成份为绿原酸和异绿原酸,还包括多种有机酸类化合物、三萜皂类化合物、黄酮类化合物、挥发油等。金银花具有抗炎、抗病毒、解热、抗菌、利胆、止血等作用。
炒苦杏仁:苦杏仁为常用中药材,药典收载本品为蔷薇科植物多种杏的干燥成熟种子。夏季采收成熟果实,除去果肉和核壳,取出种子,晒干。苦杏仁具有降气止咳平喘,润肠通便。用于咳嗽气喘,胸满痰多,肠燥便秘。苦杏仁中止咳平喘的有效成分为苦杏仁苷,苦杏仁中不但含有苦杏仁苷,而且有能够分解苦杏仁苷的酶,这种酶在一定的温度、湿度下能被启动,使苦杏仁苷分解,产生出氢氰酸,故食入过量或生食可引起氢氰酸的中毒,抑制细胞呼吸,形成“细胞内窒息”组织缺氧。苦杏仁苷内服后,可在体内分解为氢氰酸和苯甲醛,氢氰酸对呼吸中枢可产生一定的抑制作用,使呼吸运动趋于安静而达到镇咳平喘的作用。
桔梗:为桔梗科植物桔梗的干燥根,始载于《神农本草经》,味苦辛性平,归肺经,有宣肺利咽、祛痰排脓之功效,中医常用药。别名包袱花、铃铛花、僧帽花,是多年生草本植物;其根可入药,桔梗作为传统“引经”药,可载药上行直达;作为药食同源的中药,亦具有很高的食用价值。桔梗的化学成分包括皂苷、多糖、黄酮、甾醇、脂肪酸以及微量元素等,桔梗具有祛痰止咳、抗肿瘤、抗炎症、保肝、降糖降脂和调节免疫等多种药理活性。
陈皮:为芸香科植物橘及其栽培变种的干燥成熟果皮。药材分为“陈皮”和“广陈皮”。采摘成熟果实,剥取果皮,晒干或低温干燥。陈皮很多化学成分,主要有黄酮类化合物、挥发油类、柠檬苦素类、生物碱类和微量元素(钙、钾、镁、钠、锂、铁、锌、锰等)等,近几年还发现了一些新的化学成分,包括营养物质(维生素B1、维生素C、类胡萝卜素、蛋白质等)。具有清除自由基、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、保护神经系统、保护肾脏、抗过敏、镇咳、平喘、抗变应炎症、抗癌、抗炎、镇静、降低胆固醇、抗疟疾、抗疲劳、提高免疫力、强心、抗休克等。
为了解决上述第二个技术问题,本发明的技术方案为:一种中药提取物,所述中药提取物由所述中药组合物提取得到。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述中药提取物主要包含以下组分:多糖、生物碱类、黄酮、多酚和皂苷;所述中药提取物的主要成分为多糖。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述多糖的分子量为50~100kDa。
为了解决上述第三个技术问题,本发明的技术方案为:一种制备上述中药提取物的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:按重量份称取中药组合物,研磨后得到中药粉末;
S2:称取中药粉末,脱脂水提得粗提取物;
S3:将所述粗提取物精制得到所述中药提取物。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述脱脂水提包含以下操作:
(1)脱脂:将乙醇溶液Ⅰ添加至中药粉末中,回流,固液分离得固相,干燥得固体A;
(2)提取:将水添加至固体A中,回流,固液分离得液相,浓缩得液相B;
(3)沉淀:将乙醇溶液Ⅱ添加至液相B中得溶液C,控制温度静置,固液分离得固相D;
(4)透析:将水添加至固相D中,透析得透析液,浓缩,干燥。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述乙醇溶液Ⅰ浓度为94~96%,所述乙醇溶液Ⅰ加入的体积为中药粉末体积的2.5~3.5倍。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述脱脂操作中回流温度为50~70℃,所述回流次数为2~3次,所述回流时间为2~3h。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述提取操作中水加入体积为固体A的25~35倍。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述提取操作中回流温度为85~95℃,所述回流次数为2~3次,所述回流时间为2~3h。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述乙醇溶液Ⅱ的体积分数为94~96%。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述溶液C的浓度为75~85%。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述沉淀操作中温度为0~4℃,所述静置时间为10~14h。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述透析选用分子量为5000~9000g/mol的缓冲液。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述透析操作中浓缩为常温减压浓缩,所述浓缩后体积为原体积的1/20~1/40。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述透析操作中干燥为冷冻干燥;所述冷冻干燥包含预冻处理;所述预冻处理温度为零下80℃。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述精制包含以下操作:
(1)离心:将水添加至粗提取物中,离心得上清液;
(2)洗脱:将上清液洗脱得洗脱液,合并浓缩,干燥。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述离心时间为15~20min,所述离心转速为4500~5000r/min。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述上清液中包含中性组分和酸性组分。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述洗脱过程中洗脱剂选用水或氯化钠溶液;优选地,洗脱中性组分洗脱剂选用水,洗脱酸性组分洗脱剂选用氯化钠溶液;优选地,所述氯化钠的浓度约为0.5mol/L。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述洗脱中洗脱柱选用已装填平衡完全的阴离子交换柱(DEAE-650M)。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,步骤S6所述浓缩为常温减压浓缩,所述浓缩后体积为原体积的1/20~1/40。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述洗脱操作中干燥为冷冻干燥;所述冷冻干燥包含预冻处理;所述预冻处理温度为零下80℃。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述中药提取物成分按《中国药典》2019相关项下进行质量控制。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述质量控制为对中药提取物进行纯化。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述纯化方法为分子排阻色谱法。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述分子排阻色谱法中流动相为0.1mol/L NaNO3或5mmol/L乙酸铵溶液-乙腈(体积比为95:5),所述分子排阻色谱法中流速为0.35~0.6mL/min,所述分子排阻色谱法中柱温为30~45℃。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,所述多糖组分分析方法为苯酚-硫酸法水解后HPLC分析。
上述技术方案中所述的中药提取物在制备治疗败血症、改善免疫力和/或促进术后恢复药物中的应用。
上述技术方案中所述的中药提取物在肺癌术后恢复药物中的应用。
上述应用中,所述中药提取物加入或者不加入所述药学上可以接受的辅料,制备成临床上可以接受的制剂。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,制剂方法选择湿法制粒,所述辅料选择可溶性淀粉和糊精;优选地,可溶性淀粉和糊精质量比为1.5~4:1。
根据本发明的一些实施方式,制剂包括以下步骤:
(1)将中药提取物与辅料加入托盘进行均匀混合,制成手握成团、轻压即散的软材料;
(2)将软材料挤压过20目筛制备粗制颗粒;
(3)将粗制颗粒置入50℃烘箱中干燥处理1h,收集能通过1号筛、但不能通过5号筛的精制颗粒;
(4)将精制颗粒制备成14g颗粒剂,7g一袋分别包装。
根据本发明实施方式的中药提取物,至少具备如下有益效果:从太子参、百合、黄精、金银花、炒苦杏仁、桔梗、陈皮这一复方中提取出的以分子量为50~100kDa的多糖为主要有效成分的中药提取物,能降低小鼠败血症严重程度,能降低包括TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10多种炎症因子的水平,能减轻肝脏、肺脏、小肠、结肠的炎症程度和损伤程度。改善病人围手术期病人的免疫力,降低炎症程度,提高术后恢复能力。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出,部分将从下面的描述中变得明显,或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
图1为复方颗粒剂对模型小鼠败血症严重程度评分的影响;
图2为复方颗粒剂对败血症模型小鼠肝脏、肺脏、小肠、结肠病理学的影响;
图3复方颗粒剂对败血症模型小鼠血清炎症因子IL-1β浓度的影响;
图4复方颗粒剂对败血症模型小鼠血清炎症因子IL-6浓度的影响;
图5复方颗粒剂对败血症模型小鼠腹腔灌洗液炎症因子TNF-α浓度的影响;
图6复方颗粒剂对败血症模型小鼠腹腔灌洗液炎症因子IL-1β浓度的影响;
图7复方颗粒剂对败血症模型小鼠腹腔灌洗液炎症因子IL-6浓度的影响;
图8复方颗粒剂对败血症模型小鼠腹腔灌洗液炎症因子IL-10浓度的影响;
图中,*:P<0.05;**:P<0.01;***:P<0.001。
具体实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、所实现目的及效果,以下结合实施方式并配合附图予以说明。实施例中所使用的试验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所使用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到的试剂和材料。
本发明的实施例:一种中药提取物的制备方法,中药提取物的原料药组成为:太子参10份;百合30份;黄精15份;金银花10份;炒苦杏仁10份;桔梗10份;陈皮10份。
制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1:按重量份称取太子参、百合、黄精、金银花、炒杏仁、桔梗和陈皮,切割研磨后得到中药粉末;
S2:称取中药粉末100份,加入3倍中药粉末体积95%乙醇溶液Ⅰ脱脂,60℃水浴,回流脱脂2次,每次2h;过滤、滤渣挥干溶剂,干燥得固体A;
S3:将蒸馏水加入至固体A中,蒸馏水加入体积为固体A 30倍,90℃水浴,回流提取3次,每次2h,过滤后合并滤液,浓缩得浓缩液B;
S4:将95%乙醇溶液Ⅱ至浓缩液B中,得质量浓度为80%浓缩液C,控制浓缩液C温度为4℃静置,静置12h后抽滤,收集沉淀;
S5:在沉淀物中加入40倍体积的蒸馏水Ⅱ,搅拌,溶解,将溶解后的液体装入7000g/mol分子量的透析袋中进行透析;收集透析好的溶液液,常温减压浓缩至原体积的1/30,在零下80℃进行预冻,冷冻干燥后可得中药粗提取物;
S6:将40倍体积的蒸馏水Ⅲ加入至5g中药粗提取物中,4500r/min 15min离心2次得上清液,将上清液上样至已装填平衡完全的阴离子交换柱(DEAE-650M),中性多糖组分将用水溶剂洗脱,而酸性多糖组分将用0.5mol/L NaCl洗脱,收集洗脱液得到精制提取物溶液D,再将所得精制提取物溶液,常温减压浓缩至原体积的1/30,在零下80℃进行预冻,冷冻干燥后可得中药精制提取物E;
S7:精制提取物E采用分子排阻柱进行纯化,流动相0.1mol/L NaNO3或5mmol/L乙酸铵溶液-乙腈(95:5,V/V),流速0.5mL/min,柱温35℃,获得分子量为50000~100000M.W.的中药提取物。
多糖组成将通过苯酚-硫酸法水解,HPLC分析。
复方颗粒的制备:
(1)选择可溶性淀粉和糊精作为辅料,并控制可溶性淀粉和糊精质量比为2:1;
(2)将中药提取物与辅料按1:1的量加入托盘进行均匀混合,制成手握成团、轻压即散的软材料;
(3)将软材料挤压过20目筛制备粗制颗粒;
(4)将粗制颗粒置入50℃烘箱中干燥处理1h,收集能通过1号筛、但不能通过5号筛的精制颗粒;
(5)将精制颗粒制备成14g颗粒剂,7g一袋分别包装。
以下通过本实施例所制备的中药提取物的药效学试验来进一步阐述本发明所具有的有益效果。
盲肠结扎并穿孔(cecal ligation and puncture,CLP)法复制败血症动物模型,可模拟病人手术后的感染情况。CLP模型通过手术方式进行模型复制,使得细菌等病原体侵入机体,通过刺激炎症因子的大量释放等途径触发全身性炎症反应,与临床上病人因为手术创伤、免疫力低下等造成的感染相似。
1.实验方法
1.1实验动物
健康C57BL/6小鼠,雄性,体重22~25g(香港大学实验动物中心提供)。采用盲肠结扎并穿孔(cecal ligation and puncture,CLP)法复制败血症动物模型。46只小鼠随机分为空白对照组(8只)、假手术对照组(8只)、CLP模型组(15只)和复方颗粒剂组(使用剂量为400-600mg/kg)(15只)。复方有效成分颗粒按需要量制备成水溶液于CLP手术造模前给药2周,并在CLP之后持续给药,其余各组给予等量安慰剂(95%环糊精辅料+5%原药),均采用灌胃给药。
1.2败血症模型小鼠的复制
术前禁食6h,腹腔注射1%戊巴比妥钠(50mg/kg)麻醉。于左下腹行长约1cm切口,游离肠系膜和盲肠,以4号丝线环行结扎盲肠根部,用12号针头于距盲端1cm处贯通穿刺,挤出粪便少许,还纳肠管。逐层缝合关腹,碘伏消毒伤口。术毕皮下注射生理盐水3ml/100g。CLP组和复方颗粒剂组行CLP手术。正常对照组不作任何手术处理,假手术对照组除开腹、游离并还纳肠系膜及盲肠、缝合关腹外,不进行CLP手术,其余处理同CLP组。
1.3败血症严重程度评分
小鼠CLP手术后败血症严重程度评分采用表1评定标准进行。从一般情况、肠管情况、腹水情况、结扎盲肠情况、病灶包裹情况5方面进行评定。
表1小鼠CLP后败血症严重程度评分标准
1.4病理学检测
CLP后20h取肝、肺、小肠、结肠组织经福尔马林溶液固定。石蜡包埋切片,HE染色后普通光学显微镜下观察。
1.4.1酶联免疫法检测血清及腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子的水平
采用ELISA测定血浆TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10的浓度。摘眼球取血,经离心后获得血清,采用生理盐水灌洗腹腔获取腹腔灌洗液。TNF-α和IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10ELISA试剂盒购自R&D生物技术公司。操作步骤严格按照试剂盒说明书进行。使用CurveExpert 1.3软件绘制标准曲线并计算出待测样品浓度值,以pg/ml表示。每个待测样品及标准品均作复孔。
1.4.2资料统计分析
数据分析采用SPSS 19.0统计软件,计量数据以均数±标准偏差(x±s)表示,比较用单因素方差分析或重复测量设计的方差分析,方差分析的两两比较用SNK-q检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2.实验结果
2.1败血症严重程度评分空白对照组、假手术对照组、CLP模型组、复方组败血症严重程度评分如图1所示。经单因素方差分析,空白对照组与假手术对照组无显著性差异,CLP模型组与假手术对照组比较,败血症严重程度评分明显升高(P<0.001),复方组与CLP模型组比较,败血症严重程度评分明显下降(P<0.5)。
2.2病理学变化
复方颗粒剂对败血症模型小鼠肝脏、肺脏、小肠、结肠病理学变化检测结果如图2所示。
2.2.1肺组织:假手术对照组肺泡上皮细胞形态正常,肺间隔未见增宽,毛细血管无充血和淤血,肺间质未见出血、水肿及炎症细胞浸润,肺泡大小均匀,结构完整。CLP组肺泡结构改变,间隔疏松增宽,肺泡内毛细血管明显充血,可见微血栓形成,肺间质水肿,炎症细胞浸润明显。复方组肺泡结构改变不明显,未见毛细血管充血,肺间质轻度水肿,炎症细胞浸润。
2.2.2结肠:假手术对照组结肠黏膜上皮组织完好,腺体排列整齐,结构清晰,无炎性细胞浸润,黏膜下的肌层组织未见明显异常。模型组结肠黏膜上皮细胞脱落明显、黏膜缺损,腺体结构异常,间质明显出现水肿,黏膜及黏膜下的肌层组织中中性炎性细胞浸润;复方组结肠黏膜上皮细胞少量脱落,腺体结构排列尚且规则,间质中未见明显水肿。
2.2.3小肠:假手术对照组肠粘膜结构无明显损伤性组织学改变,CLP模型组大量粘膜上皮细胞脱落,绒毛和腺体明显受损,黏膜下层及肌层水肿,验证机浸润。复方多糖组轻度水肿,少量粘膜上皮细胞脱落,绒毛轻度受损,腺体基本正常。
2.2.4肝组织病理学:假手术对照组肝细胞结构完整,肝小叶形态正常,肝血窦无扩张和炎症细胞浸润。CLP组肝细胞浊肿、脂肪变性,可见灶性坏死,中性粒细胞浸润明显。复方组肝细胞未见明显浊肿有轻度脂肪变性,未见有坏死灶,中性粒细胞浸润程度较轻。
2.3血清炎症因子水平
复方颗粒剂对败血症模型小鼠血清中炎症因子水平如图3和图4所示。
从图3中得出,空白对照组及假手术对照组比较,血清中炎症因子IL-1β水平无差异;CLP模型组与假手术对照组比较,血清中炎症因子IL-1β水平明显升高(P<0.01);复方组与CLP模型组比较,血清中炎症因子IL-1β水平明显下降(P<0.5)。
从图4中得出,空白对照组及假手术对照组比较,血清中炎症因子IL-6水平无差异;CLP模型组与假手术对照组比较,血清中炎症因子IL-6水平明显升高(P<00.5);复方组与CLP模型组比较,血清中炎症因子IL-6水平明显下降(P<0.5)。
2.4腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子水平
复方颗粒剂对败血症模型小鼠腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子水平如图5~8所示。
从图5中得出,空白对照组及假手术对照组比较,腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子TNF-α水平无差异;CLP模型组与假手术对照组比较,腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子TNF-α水平明显升高(P<0.001);复方组与CLP模型组比较,腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子TNF-α水平明显下降(P<0.001)。
从图6中得出,空白对照组及假手术对照组比较,腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子IL-1β水平无差异;CLP模型组与假手术对照组比较,腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子IL-1β水平明显升高(P<0.001);复方组与CLP模型组比较,腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子IL-1β水平明显下降(P<0.01)。
从图7中得出,空白对照组及假手术对照组比较,腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子IL-6水平无差异;CLP模型组与假手术对照组比较,腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子IL-6水平明显升高(P<0.001);复方组与CLP模型组比较,腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子IL-6水平明显下降(P<0.01)。
从图8中得出,空白对照组及假手术对照组比较,腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子IL-10水平无差异;CLP模型组与假手术对照组比较,腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子IL-10水平明显升高(P<0.001);复方组与CLP模型组比较,腹腔灌洗液中炎症因子IL-10水平明显下降(P<0.01)。
综上所述,本发明采用机器学习的方法来挖掘表型-中药治疗效果-临床表现的数据库,筛选并组合成一组复方(太子参、百合、黄精、金银花、杏仁、桔梗、陈皮),并通过提取和质量控制制成颗粒剂;该复方的提取物主要成分为多糖、生物碱类、黄酮、多酚和皂苷;其在改善病人围手术期病人的免疫力,降低炎症程度,提高术后恢复能力的药物中的应用。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等同变换,或直接或间接运用在相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种抗败血症和/或促进术后恢复的中药组合物,其特征在于:由以下重量份数计的原料组成:太子参5~15份;百合20~40份;黄精10~20份;金银花5~15份;炒苦杏仁5~15份;桔梗5~15份;陈皮5~15份。
2.一种抗败血症和/或促进术后恢复的中药提取物,其特征在于:所述中药提取物由权利要求1所述的中药组合物提取得到;所述中药提取物主要成分为多糖;所述多糖的分子量为50~100 kDa。
3.一种制备如权利要求2所述的中药提取物的方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1:按重量份称取中药组合物,研磨后得到中药粉末;
S2:称取中药粉末,脱脂水提得粗提取物;
S3:将所述粗提取物精制得到所述中药提取物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于:所述脱脂水提包含以下操作:
(1)脱脂:将乙醇溶液Ⅰ添加至中药粉末中,回流,固液分离得固相,干燥得固体A;
(2)提取:将水添加至固体A中,回流,固液分离得液相,浓缩得液相B;
(3)沉淀:将乙醇溶液Ⅱ添加至液相B中得溶液C,控制温度静置,固液分离得固相D;
(4)透析:将水添加至固相D中,透析得透析液,浓缩,干燥;
其中,所述乙醇溶液Ⅰ的体积分数为94~96%;所述乙醇溶液Ⅱ的体积分数为94~96%。
5.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于:所述精制包含以下操作:
(1)离心:将水添加至粗提取物中,离心得上清液;
(2)洗脱:将上清液洗脱得洗脱液,合并浓缩,干燥。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于:所述上清液中包含中性组分和酸性组分;所述洗脱过程中洗脱中性组分洗脱剂选用水,洗脱酸性组分洗脱剂选用氯化钠溶液。
7.根据权利要求3至6任一项所述的方法制备得到的中药提取物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种中药提取物在制备抗败血症和/或促进术后恢复药物中的应用。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于:所述术后恢复为在肺癌术后恢复。
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