CN108293570A - A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements - Google Patents
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements Download PDFInfo
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- CN108293570A CN108293570A CN201810212250.XA CN201810212250A CN108293570A CN 108293570 A CN108293570 A CN 108293570A CN 201810212250 A CN201810212250 A CN 201810212250A CN 108293570 A CN108293570 A CN 108293570A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to application technical fields, and in particular to a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements mainly include the following steps that：(1) selection of land site preparation；(2) it is colonized；(3) field management；(4) it harvests.By being used cooperatively for middle micro- base manure and chelating nutritious fertilizer, proportioning equalize, rationally improves the absorption rate of trace element, and effectively improve the dry-matter accumulation of wax-apple plant, to improve yield, increases the nutritive value of product；Water-fertilizer integral microspray irrigation mode fertigation is selected, so that moisture and fertilizer distribution is covered and concentrates, improve plant recovery of nutrient, wax-apple is made rapidly to be enriched with the content of the nutritional ingredients such as various trace elements.The base manure is made of humic acid, blueberry extract, Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract, native pea extract, groundnut meal, black loam, ammonium sulfate, urea, potassium chloride, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, trace element fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of application technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of wax-apple kind rich in various trace elements
Plant method.
Background technology
Wax-apple, also known as wax jambo, Kingsoft Portugal, water Portugal, sweet tea mist, cotton fruit etc. are that the Myrtaceae Syzygium torrid zone is sub-
Tropical fruit tree.Wax-apple is widely used, and growth speed is fast, and the anniversary is evergreen, and tree performance is graceful, and the florescence is long, and fruit shape is peculiar, has preferable
Ornamental value.Wax-apple fruit is not shelf-stable type tropical fruit (tree), can be used for making wax-apple can, wax-apple jam, wax-apple vinegar, wax-apple
Wine etc..Wax-apple has higher medicinal and medical value, is rich in phenols, flavonoids and anti-oxidant substance in fruit, has
The effect of cool blood anti-inflammatory；Its root, skin and leaf all have the effect of anti-inflammatory anti-itch, astringing to arrest diarrhea.With carrying for people's living standard
Height, small ancestor's fruit are becoming increasingly popular, and as the wax-apple of tropical extraordinary rare fruit, the market demand was continuously increased in recent years, and
And price continuously goes up.But China torrid zone wax-apple there are variety and qualities it is poor, term regulating effect is poor the problems such as.
In the growth course of crop, need to absorb various minerals nutrient elements in right amount from soil, to maintain it
Normal growth and development completes its life course.Wherein, including a great number of elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, moderate-element such as calcium, magnesium, sulphur are micro-
Secondary element such as iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, boron etc..In modern agricultural systemof production, since anthropogenic soil can carry in Growing Season of Crops
It is limited to supply the mineral nutrient element that crop absorbs, thus, it is to protect to provide suitable mineral nutrient element by fertilising for crop
One of the essential measure of barrier crop yield, quality.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, pass through
Middle trace element base manure and chelating nutritious fertilizer are used cooperatively, proportioning equalize, rationally, improve being absorbed and utilized for trace element
Rate, and the dry-matter accumulation of wax-apple plant is effectively improved, to improve yield, increase the nutritive value of product；Select liquid manure one
Body microspray irrigation mode fertigation makes moisture and fertilizer distribution cover and concentrates, improves plant recovery of nutrient, keep wax-apple quick
Ground is enriched with the content of the nutritional ingredients such as various trace elements.
The present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, include the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：The sand soil that soil layer is deep, irrigation and drainage are convenient, humus is more is selected, by 4~7m of line-spacing, strain
Kind of a plant hole is dug away from 2~4m, loads onto micro spray irrigation pipe network system；
(2) it is colonized：Wax-apple plant sprout leaf is taken, sprout leaf is first trimmed to 10~30cm branches and leaves segments, is put into wax-apple kind
Plant hole highly accounts for the 1/4~1/2 of plantation acupoint depth, and filling soil layer surface loam, often spread manuer in holes sufficient 10~15kg of base manure, takes health
Wax-apple seedling is put into kind of plant hole, and field planting water is poured in earthing compacting；
(3) field management：
A. term is adjusted：Half a month stops applying fertilizer before flowering regulation, liftoff in wax-apple trunk 15~20 days after pruning and finishing
1~4cm barks are removed at 20~29cm of face, with girdling mode, then in one circle preservative film of wound winding, are then with tree trunk
Center, 0.5~1.0m be radius, in ground paving plastic film, plastic film surrounding into burying, finally use light transmittance be 30~
40% black sunshade net all wraps up entire plant leaf；
B. flower forcing：After term is adjusted 35~48 days, preservative film, plastic film and black sunshade net are removed, sprayed per acre
100~130kg nutrition fertilizers are as base fertilizer top dressing, and when wax-apple branch grows bud, the 10~30% of complete stool sprouting of erasing weakens top
End advantage is received with 1.95% Idall and dilutes 300~490 times of liquid sprinkling wax-apple buds；
C. flower and fruit thinning：Flower forcing spends wax-apple after terminating 2~4 weeks and carries out flower thinning, when flower thinning cut grow bad flower spike,
And every 20~30cm retains the good flower spike of cluster growth conditions on the every 10~18cm of mobile jib branch, sprig, waits for that flower spike is withered and grows fruit
After reality, 4~9 high quality fruits are retained per cluster, cut extra wax-apple fruit；
D. bagging：Wax-apple Post flowering carries out bagging processing to wax-apple fruit in 20~30 days with waterproof paper bag；
In step b, c and d, irrigated once to wax-apple plant with water-fertilizer integral irrigation system every 5~7 days；
(4) it harvests：Wax-apple areola expansion 70~90%, when the intrinsic color and luster of kind occurs, you can harvesting.
Preferably, a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, step (2) described base manure is by following parts by weight
Raw material composition：1~3 part of humic acid, 5~8 parts of blueberry extract, 5~10 parts of Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract, native pea extract 6
~9 parts, 3~5 parts of groundnut meal, 25~30 parts of black loam, 0.1~0.3 part of ammonium sulfate, 1~2 part of urea, 4~6 parts of potassium chloride,
0.8~1.5 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2~0.6 part of trace element fertilizer.
Preferably, a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, step (2) described base manure is by following parts by weight
Raw material composition：2 parts of humic acid, 6.5 parts of blueberry extract, 7.5 parts of Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract, 7.5 parts of native pea extract, flower
4 parts of raw cake powder, 27.5 parts of black loam, 0.2 part of ammonium sulfate, 1.5 parts of urea, 5 parts of potassium chloride, 1.2 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, micro member
Plain 0.4 part of fertilizer.
Preferably, a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, the trace element fertilizer is by following parts by weight
Raw material composition：0.01~0.04 part of manganese sulfate, 0.01~0.03 part of copper sulphate, 1.8~2.2 parts of zinc sulfate, sodium molybdate
0.04~0.08 part, 0.02~0.05 part of boric acid, 0.0001~0.001 part of cobalt chloride.
Preferably, a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, the trace element fertilizer is by following parts by weight
Raw material composition：0.025 part of manganese sulfate, 0.02 part of copper sulphate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.06 part of sodium molybdate, 0.035 part of boric acid, chlorine
Change 0.0005 part of cobalt.
Preferably, a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, the preparation method of the blueberry extract are：
By blueberry with 8~15% 2~5min of saline sook, blending and be slurried, the water that 3~8 times of volumes of juice are added is heated to 35 DEG C,
500~800W, 5~10min of microwave irradiation, irradiation dissolving, takes filtrate through microfiltration, concentrates the filtrate to lotion while stirring, dries
Dry grinding obtains blueberry extract；The preparation method of the Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract is：It takes sweet osmanthus to clean up, is 1 by solid-liquid ratio:10
~20 are added the ethanol solution that mass concentration is 65~85%, add 10~15ml disodium hydrogen phosphates-citrate buffer solution and stir
40~50min of extraction is mixed, is filtered with three layers of gauze, takes filtrate to be concentrated into 1.21 times of original volume, obtains Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract；It
So the preparation method of Semen Pisi sativi extract is：Pea decladding is rubbed into pea skin with 30 DEG C of 20~30min of hot-water soak, will be gone
Skin pea is dried to moisture content and is less than 5%, 50~100 mesh sieve is crushed, by solid-liquid ratio 1:10 hot water for being added 35~45 DEG C mix
It closes, is put into diafiltration column and recycles diafiltration, diafiltration flow velocity is maintained at 8~10ml/min, extracts 4~5h, is then allowed to stand cooling, mistake
Filter, takes filtrate to be concentrated into the 1/2~1/10 of original volume, obtains native pea extract.
Preferably, a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, which is characterized in that step (3) described nutrition
Fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：15~30 parts of Ti chelator, 15~30 parts of chelated zinc, 20~35 parts of chelated iron, chelating
10~30 parts of manganese, 10~30 parts of boron of chelating, 70~85 parts of edta solution.
Preferably, a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, step (3) described nutrition fertilizer is by following weight
The raw material composition of part：22.5 parts of Ti chelator, 22.5 parts of chelated zinc, 27.5 parts of chelated iron, 20 parts of Chelated Manganese, chelating 20 parts of boron,
77.5 parts of edta solution.
Preferably, a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, step (3) water-fertilizer integral irrigate system
System fertilizer used is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：15~25 parts of decomposed biological organic fertilizer, 0.1~0.5 part of EM bacterium, amino
12~15 parts of acid, 10~20 parts of molasses fermented liquid, 0.6~1 part of potassium hydroxide, 0.4~0.8 part of copper sulphate, manganese sulfate 0.5~
1.2 parts, 1~2 part of calcium nitrate, 0.8~1.2 part of magnesium nitrate, 0.2~0.5 part of zinc nitrate, 0.01~0.06 part of boric acid and ammonium molybdate
0.003~0.005 part, 1000~1200 parts of water.
Preferably, a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, step (3) water-fertilizer integral irrigate system
System fertilizer used is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：20 parts of decomposed biological organic fertilizer, 0.3 part of EM bacterium, 3.5 parts of amino acid 1,
15 parts of molasses fermented liquid, 0.8 part of potassium hydroxide, 0.6 part of copper sulphate, 0.85 part of manganese sulfate, 1.5 parts of calcium nitrate, 1 part of magnesium nitrate,
0.004 part of 0.35 part of zinc nitrate, 0.035 part of boric acid and ammonium molybdate, 1100 parts of water.
Each main composition mechanism of action of the present invention is as follows：
Blueberry extract can promote the wound healing of wax-apple plant, and it is rich in polysaccharide, salicylic acid, ketone object
Matter, blueberry element can provide the growth energy, excite the activity of cell in plant body, and wax-apple is promoted to grow, but blueberry extract
It is middle Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract energy to be added containing the substance for inhibiting flora growth, the excessively high formation that can influence the external profitable strain of plant
Glycosides, the aldehydes matter in blueberry extract are reduced, the content of the external profitable strain of plant is improved, so as to quick after field planting
The fertilizer applied is decomposed to be absorbed and utilized at small-molecule substance promotion；It is that vernalization is urged rich in polyamines, linseed oil etc. in Semen Pisi sativi extract
Effective chemical substance of flower growth.
The present invention has following advantageous effect：
The base manure that the present invention uses is fermented fertile using substrates such as blueberry extract, Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract, native pea extracts
Material, and the inorganic fertilizer bed of material and coatings are wrapped up again in the outside of organic fertilizer, the activity of effective protection organic fertilizer reduces water and soil
It is lost in the effect with chesson；By it is middle trace element be used cooperatively, proportioning equalize, rationally, can effectively improve wax-apple plant
The dry-matter accumulation of object, to play the technique effect for improving yield.
The present invention has titanium elements and trace element fully chelating using ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) as complexing agent
Effect improves the absorption rate of trace element, is that a kind of effect is good, price is low, nontoxic nutritious fertilizer without side-effects.
Wax-apple plant root is flourishing, and horizontal branch system is mainly distributed in the range of tool tree stump about 1m, and vertical root owner wants
It concentrates in earth's surface to underground 0.5m.Therefore, water-fertilizer integral microspray irrigation mode fertigation is selected, is moistened under the conditions of microspray irrigation
Area only accounts for the 40%~75% of plant growth portion area coverage, and soil surface radius and vertical wetted depth are more balanced, moisture
Root system can be covered with fertilizer distribution and concentrates local, improve plant recovery of nutrient.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention be easy to understand, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is further explained.
Embodiment 1
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, include the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：The sand soil that soil layer is deep, irrigation and drainage are convenient, humus is more is selected, by line-spacing 4m, spacing in the rows
2m digs kind of a plant hole, loads onto micro spray irrigation pipe network system；
(2) it is colonized：Wax-apple plant sprout leaf is taken, sprout leaf is first trimmed to 10cm branches and leaves segments, is put into wax-apple kind plant hole,
Height accounts for the 1/4 of plantation acupoint depth, and filling soil layer surface loam, often spread manuer in holes sufficient base manure 10kg, and healthy wax-apple seedling is taken to be put into plantation
In cave, field planting water is poured in earthing compacting；
(3) field management：
A. term is adjusted：Half a month stops fertilising before flowering regulation, 15 days after pruning and finishing, wax-apple trunk from the ground
1cm barks are removed at 20cm, with girdling mode, then in one circle preservative film of wound winding, then centered on tree trunk, 0.5m
For radius, in ground paving plastic film, plastic film surrounding finally uses the black sunshade net that light transmittance is 30% will into burying
Entire plant leaf all wraps up；
B. flower forcing：After term is adjusted 35 days, preservative film, plastic film and black sunshade net are removed, spray 100kg per acre
Nutrition fertilizer is as base fertilizer top dressing, and when wax-apple branch grows bud, the 10% of complete stool sprouting of erasing weakens apical dominance, with 1.95%
Idall, which is received, dilutes 300 times of liquid sprinkling wax-apple buds；
C. flower and fruit thinning：Flower forcing spends wax-apple after terminating 2 weeks and carries out flower thinning, when flower thinning cut grow bad flower spike and
Per 10cm, on sprig, every 20cm retains the good flower spike of cluster growth conditions to mobile jib branch, after flower spike withers and grows fruit, is protected per cluster
4 high quality fruits are stayed, extra wax-apple fruit is cut；
D. bagging：Wax-apple Post flowering carries out bagging processing to wax-apple fruit in 20 days with waterproof paper bag；
In step b, c and d, irrigated once to wax-apple plant with water-fertilizer integral irrigation system every 5 days；
(4) it harvests：Wax-apple areola expansion 70%, when the intrinsic color and luster of kind occurs, you can harvesting.
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, step (2) base manure by following parts by weight former material
Material composition：It is 1 part of humic acid, 5 parts of blueberry extract, 5 parts of Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract, 6 parts of native pea extract, 3 parts of groundnut meal, black
25 parts of loam, 0.1 part of ammonium sulfate, 1 part of urea, 4 parts of potassium chloride, 0.8 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 part of trace element fertilizer.
The trace element fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：0.01 part of manganese sulfate, 0.01 part of copper sulphate, sulfuric acid
1.8 parts of zinc, 0.04 part of sodium molybdate, 0.02 part of boric acid, 0.0001 part of cobalt chloride.
The preparation method of the blueberry extract is：By blueberry with 8~15% 2~5min of saline sook, blends and is slurried,
The water that 3~8 times of volumes of juice are added is heated to 35 DEG C, in 500~800W, 5~10min of microwave irradiation, irradiates while stirring molten
Solution, takes filtrate through microfiltration, concentrates the filtrate to lotion, dries pulverizing obtains blueberry extract；The preparation of the Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract
Method is：It takes sweet osmanthus to clean up, is 1 by solid-liquid ratio:10~20 are added the ethanol solution that mass concentration is 65~85%, then add
Enter 10~15ml disodium hydrogen phosphates-citrate buffer solution stirring 40~50min of extraction, is filtered with three layers of gauze, takes filtrate
1.21 times of original volume are concentrated into, Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract is obtained；The preparation method of native pea extract is：By pea decladding, with 30
DEG C 20~30min of hot-water soak, rub pea skin, will peeling pea be dried to moisture content be less than 5%, crushed 50~100
Mesh sieves, by solid-liquid ratio 1:10 are added 35~45 DEG C of hot water mixing, are put into diafiltration column and recycle diafiltration, diafiltration flow velocity is maintained at
8~10ml/min extracts 4~5h, is then allowed to stand cooling, filters, takes filtrate to be concentrated into the 1/2~1/10 of original volume, obtain naturally
Semen Pisi sativi extract.
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, step (3) nutrition fertilizer by following parts by weight original
Material forms：15 parts of Ti chelator, 15 parts of chelated zinc, 20 parts of chelated iron, 10 parts of Chelated Manganese, 10 parts of boron of chelating, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid
70 parts of solution.
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, used in step (3) the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system
Fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：It is 15 parts of decomposed biological organic fertilizer, 0.1 part of EM bacterium, 2 parts of amino acid 1, molasses fermented
10 parts of liquid, 0.6 part of potassium hydroxide, 0.4 part of copper sulphate, 0.5 part of manganese sulfate, 1 part of calcium nitrate, 0.8 part of magnesium nitrate, zinc nitrate 0.2
Part, 0.01 part of boric acid and 0.003 part of ammonium molybdate, 1000 parts of water.
Embodiment 2
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, include the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：The sand soil that soil layer is deep, irrigation and drainage are convenient, humus is more is selected, by line-spacing 6m, spacing in the rows
3m digs kind of a plant hole, loads onto micro spray irrigation pipe network system；
(2) it is colonized：Wax-apple plant sprout leaf is taken, sprout leaf is first trimmed to 20cm branches and leaves segments, is put into wax-apple kind plant hole,
Height accounts for the 1/3 of plantation acupoint depth, and filling soil layer surface loam, often spread manuer in holes sufficient base manure 12kg, and healthy wax-apple seedling is taken to be put into plantation
In cave, field planting water is poured in earthing compacting；
(3) field management：
A. term is adjusted：Half a month stops fertilising before flowering regulation, 18 days after pruning and finishing, wax-apple trunk from the ground
2cm barks are removed at 25cm, with girdling mode, then in one circle preservative film of wound winding, then centered on tree trunk, 0.8m
For radius, in ground paving plastic film, plastic film surrounding finally uses the black sunshade net that light transmittance is 35% will into burying
Entire plant leaf all wraps up；
B. flower forcing：After term is adjusted 40 days, preservative film, plastic film and black sunshade net are removed, spray 120kg per acre
Nutrition fertilizer is as base fertilizer top dressing, and when wax-apple branch grows bud, the 20% of complete stool sprouting of erasing weakens apical dominance, with 1.95%
Idall, which is received, dilutes 400 times of liquid sprinkling wax-apple buds；
C. flower and fruit thinning：Flower forcing spends wax-apple after terminating 3 weeks and carries out flower thinning, when flower thinning cut grow bad flower spike and
Per 14cm, on sprig, every 25cm retains the good flower spike of cluster growth conditions to mobile jib branch, after flower spike withers and grows fruit, is protected per cluster
6 high quality fruits are stayed, extra wax-apple fruit is cut；
D. bagging：Wax-apple Post flowering carries out bagging processing to wax-apple fruit in 25 days with waterproof paper bag；
In step b, c and d, irrigated once to wax-apple plant with water-fertilizer integral irrigation system every 6 days；
(4) it harvests：Wax-apple areola expansion 80%, when the intrinsic color and luster of kind occurs, you can harvesting.
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, step (2) base manure by following parts by weight former material
Material composition：2 parts of humic acid, 6.5 parts of blueberry extract, 7.5 parts of Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract, 7.5 parts of native pea extract, groundnut meal
4 parts, 27.5 parts of black loam, 0.2 part of ammonium sulfate, 1.5 parts of urea, 5 parts of potassium chloride, 1.2 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, trace element fertilizer
0.4 part.
The trace element fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：0.025 part of manganese sulfate, 0.02 part of copper sulphate, sulphur
2 parts of sour zinc, 0.06 part of sodium molybdate, 0.035 part of boric acid, 0.0005 part of cobalt chloride.
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, step (3) nutrition fertilizer by following parts by weight original
Material forms：22.5 parts of Ti chelator, 22.5 parts of chelated zinc, 27.5 parts of chelated iron, 20 parts of Chelated Manganese, 20 parts of boron of chelating, ethylenediamine
77.5 parts of tetrem acid solution.
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, used in step (3) the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system
Fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：20 parts of decomposed biological organic fertilizer, 0.3 part of EM bacterium, 3.5 parts of amino acid 1, molasses hair
15 parts of zymotic fluid, 0.8 part of potassium hydroxide, 0.6 part of copper sulphate, 0.85 part of manganese sulfate, 1.5 parts of calcium nitrate, 1 part of magnesium nitrate, zinc nitrate
0.004 part of 0.35 part, 0.035 part of boric acid and ammonium molybdate, 1100 parts of water.
Embodiment 3
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, include the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：The sand soil that soil layer is deep, irrigation and drainage are convenient, humus is more is selected, by line-spacing 7m, spacing in the rows
4m digs kind of a plant hole, loads onto micro spray irrigation pipe network system；
(2) it is colonized：Wax-apple plant sprout leaf is taken, sprout leaf is first trimmed to 30cm branches and leaves segments, is put into wax-apple kind plant hole,
Height accounts for the 1/2 of plantation acupoint depth, and filling soil layer surface loam, often spread manuer in holes sufficient base manure 15kg, and healthy wax-apple seedling is taken to be put into plantation
In cave, field planting water is poured in earthing compacting；
(3) field management：
A. term is adjusted：Half a month stops fertilising before flowering regulation, 20 days after pruning and finishing, wax-apple trunk from the ground
4cm barks are removed at 29cm, with girdling mode, then in one circle preservative film of wound winding, then centered on tree trunk, 1.0m
For radius, in ground paving plastic film, plastic film surrounding finally uses the black sunshade net that light transmittance is 40% will into burying
Entire plant leaf all wraps up；
B. flower forcing：After term is adjusted 48 days, preservative film, plastic film and black sunshade net are removed, spray 130kg per acre
Nutrition fertilizer is as base fertilizer top dressing, and when wax-apple branch grows bud, the 30% of complete stool sprouting of erasing weakens apical dominance, with 1.95%
Idall, which is received, dilutes 490 times of liquid sprinkling wax-apple buds；
C. flower and fruit thinning：Flower forcing spends wax-apple after terminating 4 weeks and carries out flower thinning, when flower thinning cut grow bad flower spike and
Per 18cm, on sprig, every 30cm retains the good flower spike of cluster growth conditions to mobile jib branch, after flower spike withers and grows fruit, is protected per cluster
9 high quality fruits are stayed, extra wax-apple fruit is cut；
D. bagging：Wax-apple Post flowering carries out bagging processing to wax-apple fruit in 30 days with waterproof paper bag；
In step b, c and d, irrigated once to wax-apple plant with water-fertilizer integral irrigation system every 7 days；
(4) it harvests：Wax-apple areola expansion 90%, when the intrinsic color and luster of kind occurs, you can harvesting.
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, step (2) base manure by following parts by weight former material
Material composition：3 parts of humic acid, 8 parts of blueberry extract, 10 parts of Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract, 9 parts of native pea extract, 5 parts of groundnut meal,
30 parts of black loam, 0.3 part of ammonium sulfate, 2 parts of urea, 6 parts of potassium chloride, 1.5 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6 part of trace element fertilizer.
The trace element fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：0.04 part of manganese sulfate, 0.03 part of copper sulphate, sulfuric acid
2.2 parts of zinc, 0.08 part of sodium molybdate, 0.05 part of boric acid, 0.001 part of cobalt chloride.
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, step (3) nutrition fertilizer by following parts by weight original
Material forms：30 parts of Ti chelator, 30 parts of chelated zinc, 35 parts of chelated iron, 30 parts of Chelated Manganese, 30 parts of boron of chelating, ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid
85 parts of solution.
A kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, used in step (3) the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system
Fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：It is 25 parts of decomposed biological organic fertilizer, 0.5 part of EM bacterium, 5 parts of amino acid 1, molasses fermented
20 parts of liquid, 1 part of potassium hydroxide, 0.8 part of copper sulphate, 1.2 parts of manganese sulfate, 2 parts of calcium nitrate, 1.2 parts of magnesium nitrate, 0.5 part of zinc nitrate,
0.06 part of boric acid and 0.005 part of ammonium molybdate, 1200 parts of water.
Comparative example 1
Difference lies in without addition blueberry extract in the base manure of application with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Difference lies in without addition Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract in the base manure of application with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
Difference lies in without addition native pea extract in the base manure of application with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 4
Difference lies in without addition trace element fertilizer in the base manure of application with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 5
Difference lies in do not sprayed nutrition fertilizer in planting process, replaced using the composite fertilizer of equivalent with embodiment 1.
Comparative example 6
Difference lies in the constituent of fertilizer used in water-fertilizer integral irrigation system is with embodiment 1：Decomposed biology has
15 parts of machine fertilizer, moderate-element water-soluble 2 parts of fertilizer, 0.1 part of EM bacterium, 0.5 part of sodium iron ethylene diamine tetra acetate, gather 4 parts of efficient compound fertilizer
0.2 part, 1500 parts water of glutamic acid.
Efficacy validation
Test example 1
Planting effect detection, experiment knot are carried out to the wax-apple planted under the conditions of 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example 1-6
Fruit is as shown in table 1 below：
The planting effect of 1 wax-apple of table
| Group | Survival rate % | Strain yield (kg) | Per mu yield (kg) | Input and output rate % |
| Embodiment 1 | 96.3 | 153.6 | 5600 | 1:7.2 |
| Embodiment 2 | 97.6 | 164.2 | 5720 | 1:7.5 |
| Embodiment 3 | 96.7 | 157.3 | 5630 | 1:7.3 |
| Comparative example 1 | 83.5 | 125.6 | 5100 | 1:5.3 |
| Comparative example 2 | 86.4 | 121.4 | 4980 | 1:5.1 |
| Comparative example 3 | 84.2 | 120.9 | 5000 | 1:5.5 |
| Comparative example 4 | 81.5 | 123.6 | 4860 | 1:4.8 |
| Comparative example 5 | 87.3 | 116.4 | 5120 | 1:5.0 |
| Comparative example 6 | 84.4 | 113.7 | 4900 | 1:4.6 |
As seen from the above table, from the point of view of the survival rate that kind is planted seedlings, the average wax-apple shoot survival percent of plantation of the embodiment of the present invention is
96.9%, it has been respectively increased 13.4%, 9.9%, 12.7%, 15.4%, 9.6%, 12.5% compared to comparative example 1-6；From strain
From the point of view of yield, the wax-apple of plantation of the embodiment of the present invention is averaged strain yield as 158.4kg, is respectively increased compared to comparative example 1-6
32.8kg、37kg、37.5kg、34.8kg、42kg、44.7kg；From the point of view of per mu yield, the wax-apple of plantation of the embodiment of the present invention is average
Per mu yield is 5650kg, and 550kg, 670kg, 650kg, 790kg, 530kg, 750kg has been respectively increased compared to comparative example 1-6；
From the point of view of input-output ratio, the wax-apple income of plantation of the embodiment of the present invention is significantly improved.
In summary, the wax-apple that the present invention plants, can effectively improve the survival rate kind planted seedlings, reduction is filled the gaps with seedlings etc. manually at
This；Strain yield and per mu yield are significantly improved, and accordingly meet consumer demand；Input-output ratio also can be obtained obviously
Raising, increase its economic benefit.
Test example 2
Fruit quality detection, experimental result such as following table are carried out to 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example 1-6 the kinds wax-apple planted
Shown in 2：
Quality Detection result in 2 wax-apple fruit 100g of table
As seen from the above table, by the comparison of embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 it is found that by adding blueberry in the base manure of application
Extract, can be by the content of the nutritional ingredients such as soluble solid, reduced sugar, water content, manganese, copper, titanium, molybdenum and boron in wax-apple
It is respectively increased 0.92%, 9.3%, 1.98%, 8.1%, 10.5%, 18.2%, 12.3% and 18.4%；And in the base manure of application
Middle addition Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract, native pea extract and trace element fertilizer spray nutrition fertilizer in planting process, and use this
Fertilizer used in the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system prepared is invented, the content of the above nutritional ingredient also can be correspondingly improved.
In summary, the wax-apple that the present invention plants is remarkably improved after the various fertilizer using reasonable preparation of the present invention
The content of the nutritional ingredients such as manganese, copper, titanium, molybdenum, boron various trace elements in wax-apple, while soluble solid in fruit can be improved
Object, reduced sugar and water content effectively improve the quality of wax-apple fruit.
Several embodiments of the invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Cannot the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention therefore be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) selection of land site preparation：The sand soil that soil layer is deep, irrigation and drainage are convenient, humus is more is selected, by 4~7m of line-spacing, spacing in the rows 2
~4m digs kind of a plant hole, loads onto micro spray irrigation pipe network system；
(2) it is colonized：Wax-apple plant sprout leaf is taken, sprout leaf is first trimmed to 10~30cm branches and leaves segments, is put into wax-apple kind plant hole,
Height accounts for the 1/4~1/2 of plantation acupoint depth, and filling soil layer surface loam, often spread manuer in holes sufficient 10~15kg of base manure, takes healthy wax-apple seedling
It is put into kind of plant hole, field planting water is poured in earthing compacting；
(3) field management：
A. term is adjusted：Half a month stops fertilising before flowering regulation, 15~20 days after pruning and finishing, in wax-apple trunk from the ground 20
1~4cm barks are removed at~29cm, with girdling mode, then in one circle preservative film of wound winding, centered on tree trunk, 0.5
~1.0m be radius, in ground paving plastic film, plastic film surrounding into burying, finally use light transmittance be 30~40% it is black
Color sunshade net all wraps up entire plant leaf；
B. flower forcing：Term adjust 35~48 days after, preservative film, plastic film and black sunshade net are removed, per acre spray 100~
130kg nutrition fertilizers are as base fertilizer top dressing, and when wax-apple branch grows bud, 10~30% decrease tops for complete stool sprouting of erasing are excellent
Gesture is received with 1.95% Idall and dilutes 300~490 times of liquid sprinkling wax-apple buds；
C. flower and fruit thinning：Flower forcing spends wax-apple after terminating 2~4 weeks and carries out flower thinning, and when flower thinning, which cuts, grows bad flower spike and main
Every 20~30cm retains the good flower spike of cluster growth conditions on the every 10~18cm of bar branch, sprig, after flower spike withers and grows fruit,
Retain 4~9 high quality fruits per cluster, cuts extra wax-apple fruit；
D. bagging：Wax-apple Post flowering carries out bagging processing to wax-apple fruit in 20~30 days with waterproof paper bag；
In step b, c and d, irrigated once to wax-apple plant with water-fertilizer integral irrigation system every 5~7 days；
(4) it harvests：Wax-apple areola expansion 70~90%, when the intrinsic color and luster of kind occurs, you can harvesting.
2. a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(2) base manure is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：1~3 part of humic acid, 5~8 parts of blueberry extract, Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract 5
~10 parts, 6~9 parts of native pea extract, 3~5 parts of groundnut meal, 25~30 parts of black loam, 0.1~0.3 part of ammonium sulfate, urine
1~2 part of element, 4~6 parts of potassium chloride, 0.8~1.5 part of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2~0.6 part of trace element fertilizer.
3. a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step
(2) base manure is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：2 parts of humic acid, 6.5 parts of blueberry extract, Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract 7.5
Part, 7.5 parts of native pea extract, 4 parts of groundnut meal, 27.5 parts of black loam, 0.2 part of ammonium sulfate, 1.5 parts of urea, potassium chloride 5
Part, 1.2 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 part of trace element fertilizer.
4. a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that institute
Trace element fertilizer is stated to be made of the raw material of following parts by weight：0.01~0.04 part of manganese sulfate, 0.01~0.03 part of copper sulphate, sulphur
1.8~2.2 parts of sour zinc, 0.04~0.08 part of sodium molybdate, 0.02~0.05 part of boric acid, 0.0001~0.001 part of cobalt chloride.
5. a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described micro-
Secondary element fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：0.025 part of manganese sulfate, 0.02 part of copper sulphate, 2 parts of zinc sulfate, sodium molybdate
0.06 part, 0.035 part of boric acid, 0.0005 part of cobalt chloride.
6. a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that institute
The preparation method for stating blueberry extract is：It by blueberry with 8~15% 2~5min of saline sook, blends and is slurried, juice 3 is added
The water of~8 times of volumes is heated to 35 DEG C, in 500~800W, 5~10min of microwave irradiation, irradiation dissolving while stirring, through microfiltration
Filtrate is taken, lotion is concentrated the filtrate to, dries pulverizing obtains blueberry extract；The preparation method of the Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract is：Take osmanthus
Flower cleans up, and is 1 by solid-liquid ratio:10~20 are added the ethanol solution that mass concentration is 65~85%, add 10~15ml
Disodium hydrogen phosphate-citrate buffer solution stirring 40~50min of extraction, is filtered with three layers of gauze, filtrate is taken to be concentrated into substance
Long-pending 1.21 times, obtain Flos Osmanthi Fragrantis extract；The preparation method of native pea extract is：By pea decladding, soaked with 30 DEG C of hot water
20~30min is steeped, pea skin is rubbed, peeling pea, which is dried to moisture content, is less than 5%, 50~100 mesh sieve is crushed, by feed liquid
Than 1:10 are added 35~45 DEG C of hot water mixing, are put into diafiltration column and recycle diafiltration, diafiltration flow velocity is maintained at 8~10ml/
Min extracts 4~5h, is then allowed to stand cooling, filters, filtrate is taken to be concentrated into the 1/2~1/10 of original volume, obtains native pea extraction
Object.
7. a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(3) nutrition fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：15~30 parts of Ti chelator, 15~30 parts of chelated zinc, chelated iron 20
~35 parts, 10~30 parts of Chelated Manganese, chelating 10~30 parts of boron, 70~85 parts of edta solution.
8. a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements according to claim 7, which is characterized in that step
(3) nutrition fertilizer is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：22.5 parts of Ti chelator, 22.5 parts of chelated zinc, 27.5 parts of chelated iron,
20 parts of Chelated Manganese, 20 parts of boron of chelating, 77.5 parts of edta solution.
9. a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(3) fertilizer used in the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Decomposed biological organic fertilizer 15~
25 parts, 0.1~0.5 part of EM bacterium, 2~15 parts of amino acid 1,10~20 parts of molasses fermented liquid, 0.6~1 part of potassium hydroxide, copper sulphate
0.4~0.8 part, 0.5~1.2 part of manganese sulfate, 1~2 part of calcium nitrate, 0.8~1.2 part of magnesium nitrate, 0.2~0.5 part of zinc nitrate, boron
0.01~0.06 part of acid and 0.003~0.005 part of ammonium molybdate, 1000~1200 parts of water.
10. a kind of wax-apple implantation methods rich in various trace elements according to claim 9, which is characterized in that step
(3) fertilizer used in the water-fertilizer integral irrigation system is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：20 parts of decomposed biological organic fertilizer,
0.3 part of EM bacterium, 3.5 parts of amino acid 1,15 parts of molasses fermented liquid, 0.8 part of potassium hydroxide, 0.6 part of copper sulphate, 0.85 part of manganese sulfate,
0.004 part of 1.5 parts of calcium nitrate, 1 part of magnesium nitrate, 0.35 part of zinc nitrate, 0.035 part of boric acid and ammonium molybdate, 1100 parts of water.
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