CN108271926A - A kind of anti-weanling pig stress feed addictive - Google Patents
A kind of anti-weanling pig stress feed addictive Download PDFInfo
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- CN108271926A CN108271926A CN201810066442.4A CN201810066442A CN108271926A CN 108271926 A CN108271926 A CN 108271926A CN 201810066442 A CN201810066442 A CN 201810066442A CN 108271926 A CN108271926 A CN 108271926A
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- feed addictive
- calcium
- preparation
- acid
- feed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of feed addictive and preparation method thereof, the feed addictive includes calcium formate and calcium citrate, and the charged material weight of raw material acid and calcium carbonate ratio is (6 7) in feed addictive preparation process:6, the wherein charged material weight ratio of formic acid and citric acid is 5:1‑1:1.The preparation method reaction efficiency of feed addictive of the present invention is high, and wastewater discharge is low, is more in line with environmental requirement.The feed addictive of the present invention has the function of that anti-weanling pig stress be with reduction diarrhea rate, and cooperation polysaccharide Chinese medical extract using effect is more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of fodder, more particularly to a kind of anti-weanling pig stress feed addictive.
Background technology
It is to improve sow life in modern large scale of pig farm production, to shorten piglet time of nursing, increase sow year production parity
Produce a kind of major way of performance.But weaning syndrome causes serious injury to piglet, environment, nutrition and life habit
Change be weanling pig early growth it is most important stress, piglet diet suddenly becomes solid feed, living environment by liquid milk
Suddenly change extreme influence all is caused to piglet immunological system.The change of nutritional ingredient and trophic component is piglet development
First cause slow, that incidence is high and the death rate is high largely uses to solve the problems, such as that weaning stress of piglet causes in feed
Antibiotic.However, antibiotic some or all of causes pathogen drug resistance, the residual etc. in animal product to give birth to the mankind
Work causes damages, therefore many countries partly or entirely disable antibiotic in feed.Numerous studies show acidulant, plant
Antibiotic (Chinese herbal medicine/essence), minerals, non-starch polysaccharide, oligosaccharide (prebiotics), protein and amino acid, enzyme preparation,
The alternative antibiotic such as probiotics, cell wall and suitable daily ration composition and form, good management and breeding technology, alleviate young
Pig weaning stress.
Acidulant, which is added, in order to overcome the problems, such as that weanling pig stomach inner pH value is high, in weanling pig daily ration is important method
One of.The common mode of action of acidulant has：(1) pH value in the digestive tract is reduced；(2) intestinal microflora is adjusted.It is low in stomach
PH value promotes the growths such as profitable strain such as Bacillus acidi lactici to be of great significance to preventing harmful microorganism from invading, be proliferated.(3) it carries
The digestibility of high nutrient.Added in daily ration acidulant can improve protein and amino acid can digestibility, this is because
Acidulant reduces stomach inner pH value, enhances pepsin activity.In addition, there is research to think that acidulant may extend stomach content
Object stimulates pancreatin to secrete by the duodenal time, by acidification, increases the digestion time of protein and other nutriments.
(4) other mechanism.Organic acid can stimulate nutriment in the intermediate supersession of body, and then improve the generation of nutriment and energy
It thanks.As fumaric acid can be absorbed directly as energy matter by enterocyte.Acidulant is added in daily ration in many cases
The digestibility for enough improving digestible aminoacids in protein, improves growth.Common acidulant includes calcium formate, calcium citrate
Deng.
Calcium formate purposes is wider, as feed addictive, makees acidulant suitable for all kinds of animal feeds, mould inhibitor, resists
Microbial inoculum can replace citric acid, fumaric acid etc. to make fodder acidulant use.The trophism of calcium formate is mainly by it in stomach ring
What the formic acid decomposited in border was realized, it mainly improves the growth performance of weanling pig by following several modes of action：(1)
The pH value for reducing gastrointestinal tract is conducive to activate propepsin, makes up the deficiency of digestive ferment and hydrochloric acid secretion in piglet stomach, improves
The digestibility of feed nutrient.(2) lower pH value in gastrointestinal tract is maintained, to prevent Escherichia coli and other pathogenic bacterias
Raised growth is bred, while promoting the growth of some beneficial bacteriums (such as Bacillus acidi lactici), and volatility is generated in caecum and colon
Aliphatic acid plays the role of antibiotic, and in addition the beneficial bacteriums such as Bacillus acidi lactici can cover intestinal mucosa, be allowed to not by by escherichia coli
The intrusion of the toxin of generation, to prevent diarrhea related with bacterium infection from occurring.(3) chelating agent can be played in digestion process
Effect, absorption of the enteron aisle to minerals can be promoted.
A large number of experiments show that addition calcium formate is conducive to the weightening of weanling pig.Studies have shown that 28- can be improved in calcium formate
42 age in days weanling pig daily gains and the price of deed.The calcium formate of addition 1.5% in the daily ration of 28 age in days weanling pigs, raising
Piglet daily gain improves 7.3% after 25d, and efficiency of feed utilization improves 2.53%, and protein digestibility and energy digestibility carry respectively
High 10.3% and 9.8%, piglet white scour substantially reduces, and survival rate is up to 100%.
It is white powder, odorless, water-soluble, energy that calcium citrate, which is commonly referred to as citric acid tricalcium (also known as calcium citrate),
It is dissolved in acid, slightly hygroscopicity, is insoluble in the organic solvents such as ethyl alcohol and ether.When calcium citrate crystals are heated to 100 DEG C, the crystallization water
Gradually it loses, the complete dehydration of 120 DEG C of whens.
Calcium citrate is long as nutrition fortifier usage history in food service industry, is put into effect within 1994 in country
GB14880《Food enrichment uses sanitary standard》In just be used as calcium supplementing preparation, in cereal and its product, beverage and breast
It is applied in the varieties of food items such as beverage, infant food.Calcium citrate is both a kind of calcium source and a kind of high-quality in feed
Acidulant, the organic acidulants such as lactic acid, citric acid are easy to be neutralized by the alkaline matter in feed and lost acidulant effect, separately
Outside, organic acid heating is easily decomposed, and compared with general acidulant, calcium citrate has very more advantages, such as in feed not
It can deliquesce, good fluidity, pH value is neutral (6.0-7.0), high temperature resistant etc..
Have experiments have shown that, test full period daily ration calcium source and calcium source and horizontal mutual work to piglet ADG, ADFI and F/G without showing
Influence；With the raising of daily ration calcium level, the ADG of piglet changes in conic section, horizontal optimal in calcium 0.6%.It is young
Pig is significant to the utilization rate of calcium citrate to be higher than calcium carbonate.Meanwhile with the raising of daily ration calcium level, improving the excretion of phosphorus
Amount reduces the digestibility of Dietary Phosphorus, and Dietary Calcium 0.37%-0.8% processing group piglets calcium, phosphorus utilization are significant to be higher than 0.90-
1.10% each processing group.But diet calcium source is to the utilization rate of piglet phosphorus without significant impact.Calcium citrate is more high-quality compared with calcium carbonate
Calcium source, weanling pig it is significant to the utilization rate of calcium citrate be higher than calcium carbonate.No matter using calcium carbonate or calcium citrate as calcium source,
The production performance of weanling pig is best when daily ration calcium level 0.6%.
Currently, the preparation method of calcium formate or calcium citrate be formic acid or citric acid aqueous solution with calcium carbonate in reaction kettle
Middle reaction.The advantages of above-mentioned production technology is the product purity height of production, but low in the presence of reaction yield, and displacement is big, easily dirt
Contaminate environment, the shortcomings of energy consumption is big.The high-efficiency environment friendly work of calcium formate and calcium citrate mixture is there is no while prepared in the prior art
Skill.
Invention content
To overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, the present invention provides a kind of while preparing calcium formate and calcium citrate, and reacts effect
Rate is high, the few feed addictive preparation method of wastewater discharge, and the feed addictive being prepared using this method is for improving
Weanling pig stress have good result.
Specifically, one aspect of the present invention provides：
A kind of anti-weanling pig stress feed addictive preparation method comprising following steps：It is added in reaction tank
A certain amount of formic acid and citric acid are slowly added into calcium carbonate under stirring, react and acutely carry out, stand after reaction, crushing is
The mixture of calcium formate and calcium citrate is obtained, wherein the charged material weight ratio of acid and calcium carbonate is (6-7):6, it is described acid be formic acid and
Citric acid.
In a preferred embodiment, a concentration of the 85% of the formic acid.
In a preferred embodiment, the charged material weight of formic acid and citric acid ratio is 5 in reaction:1-1:1.
In a preferred embodiment, the charged material weight of formic acid and citric acid ratio is 5 in reaction:1-3:1.
In a preferred embodiment, the charged material weight ratio of formic acid, citric acid and calcium carbonate is 25 in reaction:6:30.
In a preferred embodiment, the time that step is stood in reaction is 48 hours, and the temperature for standing step is 40 DEG C.
Second aspect of the present invention provides：
A kind of anti-weanling pig stress feed addictive, it includes calcium formate and citric acids made from above-mentioned preparation method
The mixture of calcium.
In a preferred embodiment, the feed addictive further includes polysaccharide Chinese medical extract.
In a preferred embodiment, the polysaccharide Chinese medical extract is soluble polysaccharide.
In a preferred embodiment, the calcium formate and the weight ratio of calcium citrate mixture and soluble polysaccharide are 1:
10-10:1。
In a preferred embodiment, the calcium formate and the weight ratio of calcium citrate mixture and soluble polysaccharide are 1:5-
5:1。
In a preferred embodiment, the calcium formate and the weight ratio of calcium citrate mixture and soluble polysaccharide are 3:2.
In a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of the soluble polysaccharide is：The Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs are taken, particle is ground into
10-20 times of water is added by Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae amount in shape, is heated to 70-90 DEG C of decoction 1-3h, repeats extraction 2 times, merges extracting solution filtering, dense
The ethanol precipitation of 80-95% is added after contracting, 12h is stood at 0-4 DEG C, sediment filtering is dried under reduced pressure obtained soluble polysaccharide.
In a preferred embodiment, in the preparation method, 15 times of water are added by Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae amount, are heated to 80 DEG C of decoctions
2h。
In a preferred embodiment, 90% ethanol precipitation is added in the preparation method, after concentration.
Third aspect present invention provides：
Above-mentioned feed addictive prepare anti-weanling pig stress feed in application.
In a preferred embodiment, weight ratio of the above-mentioned feed addictive in feed is 0.5-5%.
The advantages of present invention obtains and good effect：
1, the present invention is by the preparation method of optimization calcium formate/calcium citrate mixture, calcium formate in adjustment chemical reaction
With the amount ratio of calcium citrate, the efficiency of mixture reaction is improved, and the water generated in reaction process is few, it is few after standing
Amount water all forms crystalline hydrate by absorption, and whole preparation process pollution is few, is more in line with the requirement of environmental protection.
2, present inventors have unexpectedly found that, calcium formate/calcium citrate mixture is used in combination with polysaccharide Chinese medical extract, it is right
In slow down weanling pig stress it is better, experiment confirms calcium formate/calcium citrate mixture and polysaccharide Chinese medical extract
Cooperative synergism effect can be generated, is had to the resisting stress of weanling pig to improving calcium formate/calcium citrate class feed addictive
Certain directive significance.
3, the calcium formate and calcium citrate mixture that the present invention uses have improvement intestine of young pigs flora, promote beneficial to micro- life
Phenomena such as effect of object growth, the two is used cooperatively for controlling and preventing weanling pig diarrhea related with bacterium, diarrhea, is sent out
It is raw, significantly improve the diarrhea rate of weanling pig.
Specific implementation mode
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, and following embodiment is descriptive, is not limit
Qualitatively, protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited with this.
Raw material used in the present invention is unless otherwise specified conventional commercial product；Used in the present invention
Method is unless otherwise specified the conventional method of this field.
One, the preparation of calcium formate/calcium citrate mixture
Embodiment 1：
125 kilogram of 85% formic acid and 30 kilograms of citric acids are added in reaction tank, 150 kilograms of carbonic acid are slowly added under stirring
Calcium is reacted and is acutely carried out, and is stood 48 hours for 40 DEG C after reaction, is crushed the mixture S1 up to calcium formate and calcium citrate.
Comparative example 1：
30 kilogram of 85% formic acid and 125 kilograms of citric acids are added in reaction tank, 150 kilograms of carbonic acid are slowly added under stirring
Calcium is reacted and is acutely carried out, and stands 48 hours for 40 DEG C after reaction, filtering, it is dry, crush up to calcium formate and calcium citrate
Mixture S2.
Comparative example 2：
80 kilogram of 85% formic acid and 75 kilograms of citric acids are added in reaction tank, 150 kilograms of calcium carbonate are slowly added under stirring,
Reaction acutely carries out, and stands 48 hours for 40 DEG C after reaction, filtering, it is dry, crush up to the mixed of calcium formate and calcium citrate
Close object S3.
Wastewater flow rate in embodiment 1 and the reaction rate and reaction product of comparative example 1-2 is as shown in table 1.
1 formic acid of table and influence of the citric acid ingredient proportion to chemical reaction
| Group | Reaction rate | Waste water yield |
| Embodiment 1 | It is very fast | It is considerably less |
| Comparative example 1 | It is very slow | It is very more |
| Comparative example 2 | It is relatively slow | It is more |
It is found after paired observation, formic acid ratio is most fast much larger than the reaction rate of the embodiment 1 of citric acid, and waste water yield is most
It is few, and ultimately form hydrate after standing；When the ratio of citric acid in raw material acid becomes larger, after formic acid ratio becomes smaller, reaction speed
Rate is obviously slack-off, and waste water yield becomes more, it was demonstrated that the feed obtained using the preparation method of 1 ratio formic acid of embodiment and citric acid is added
Add agent composition more high-efficiency environment friendly.
Two, the preparation of soluble polysaccharide extract
Embodiment 2：
The Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae prepared slices of Chinese crude drugs are taken, graininess is ground into, 15 times of water are added by Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae amount, 80 DEG C of decoction 2h is heated to, repeats
Extraction 2 times, merges extracting solution filtering, and 90% ethanol precipitation is added after concentration, and 12h is stood at 0-4 DEG C, and sediment filtering subtracts
Press dry dry obtained soluble polysaccharide.
Three, the irritability experiment of weanling pig
Test example 1：Influence of the feed addictive of the present invention to weanling pig Growth related hormones
21 age in days weanling pigs similar in 60 weight are selected, 6 test groups, 10 sons of each test group are randomly divided into
Pig, male and female are fifty-fifty.Each group is respectively to feed the control group of basal diet and feed to add containing 0.5% weight percent feed
The A1-A5 groups of the basal diet of agent, wherein A1 groups feed addictive are that calcium formate/calcium citrate made from 0.5% embodiment 1 is mixed
Object is closed, A2 group feed addictives are soluble polysaccharide made from 0.5% embodiment 2, and A3 group feed addictives are 0.1% embodiment 1
The composition of soluble polysaccharide made from calcium formate obtained/calcium citrate mixture and 0.4% embodiment 2, the addition of A4 group feeds
Agent is the combination of soluble polysaccharide made from calcium formate/calcium citrate mixture made from 0.4% embodiment 1 and 0.1% embodiment 2
Object, A5 group feed addictives are that calcium formate/calcium citrate mixture made from 0.3% embodiment 1 and 0.2% embodiment 2 are made
Soluble polysaccharide composition.According to the nutritional need and physilogical characteristics of weanling pig, and with reference to NRC (1998) nutritional need mark
Standard prepares basal diet.It is raised by weanling pig Managed Solution, each feed additive amount is to slightly have clout in pit of having enough
For degree, experimental period is 21 days.
Each test group piglet the 14th day vena cava anterior blood sampling 10mL, 3000r/min centrifugation 15min after wean obtains serum,
It is frozen in -20 DEG C in case measuring use.Free thyroxine T in serum is measured using radioimmunological kit3(FT3), free thyroid
Plain T4(FT4), the content of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-i (IGF-1).Feed addictive is each to weanling pig
The influence of biochemical indicator is as shown in table 2.
2 feed addictive of the present invention of table is to FT in weanling pig serum3、FT4, IGF-1, GH influence
When animal is in stress situation, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is suppressed, and is caused under thyroxine function
Drop.Test result shows after wean FT in the A1-A5 group piglet serum of the 14th day addition feed addictive3And FT4Content is notable
Higher than control group, illustrate that feed addictive of the present invention improves the activity of weanling pig hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, to
Improve its basic metabolism level.
In addition, growth of animal is regulated and controled by GH/IGF-1 axis, GH/IGF-1 endocrine axis hypofunction can inhibit to grow.
It stress can cause growth axis hypofunction after general weaned piglet, experiments have shown that feed addictive A1-A5 of the present invention is compared with control group
Be remarkably improved the content of piglet serum total IGF-1 and GH, it was demonstrated that the growth promoting function of feed addictive of the present invention with may be with
It is related to adjust GH/IGF-1 axis.
In conclusion feed addictive A1-A5 of the present invention can be improved piglet hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis function and
The content of IGF-1 and GH improves piglet metaboilic level, alleviates the irritability of weanling pig, promotes weanling pig growth.More make us
It was unexpected that calcium formate/calcium citrate mixture is 3 with soluble polysaccharide weight ratio:2 A5 group feed addictives are to weanling pig
Anti-stress effect be much better than other groups, produce and be difficult to expected cooperative synergism effect.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of feed addictive, includes the following steps：A certain amount of formic acid and citric acid are added in reaction tank,
It is slowly added into calcium carbonate under stirring, reacts and acutely carry out, stand after reaction, crush up to the mixed of calcium formate and calcium citrate
Close object, which is characterized in that wherein the charged material weight ratio of acid and calcium carbonate is (6-7):6, the acid is formic acid and citric acid.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that a concentration of the 85% of the formic acid.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the charged material weight of formic acid and citric acid ratio is in reaction
5:1-1:1。
4. according to claim 1-3 any one of them preparation methods, which is characterized in that the time for wherein standing step is 48 small
When, the temperature for standing step is 40 DEG C.
5. a kind of anti-weanling pig stress feed addictive, which is characterized in that feed addictive include claim 1-4 it is any
Calcium formate and calcium citrate mixture made from item preparation method.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the feed addictive further includes in polysaccharide
Medicament extract.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the polysaccharide Chinese medical extract is soluble polysaccharide.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the calcium formate and calcium citrate mixture and Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae
The weight ratio of polysaccharide is 1:10-10:1.
9. claim 5-8 any one of them feed addictive prepare anti-weanling pig stress feed in application.
10. application according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Weight ratio of the feed addictive in feed be
0.5-5%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810066442.4A CN108271926B (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2018-01-24 | Feed additive for resisting stress of weaned piglets |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810066442.4A CN108271926B (en) | 2018-01-24 | 2018-01-24 | Feed additive for resisting stress of weaned piglets |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108271926A true CN108271926A (en) | 2018-07-13 |
| CN108271926B CN108271926B (en) | 2022-06-28 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108936022A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-07 | 无为县旺盛饲料加工厂 | The special feed for preventing porkling dysentery |
| CN109527249A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-03-29 | 江西农业大学 | Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae pachymaran is as the application for improving weaning stress feed additive |
-
2018
- 2018-01-24 CN CN201810066442.4A patent/CN108271926B/en active Active
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| 孙永泰: "饲料添加剂甲酸钙的合成研究与应用", 《江西饲料》 * |
| 师红伟: "柠檬酸钙的合成、测定及其在教槽料上的应用", 《饲料工业》 * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108936022A (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2018-12-07 | 无为县旺盛饲料加工厂 | The special feed for preventing porkling dysentery |
| CN109527249A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-03-29 | 江西农业大学 | Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae pachymaran is as the application for improving weaning stress feed additive |
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| CN108271926B (en) | 2022-06-28 |
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