CN106666161A - Application of yeast culture in preparation of feed capable of improving reproductive performance and relieving constipation of sows - Google Patents
Application of yeast culture in preparation of feed capable of improving reproductive performance and relieving constipation of sows Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an application of yeast culture in preparation of feed capable of improving reproductive performance and relieving constipation of sows. The yeast culture is prepared with a method comprising the following steps: saccharomyces cerevisiae with the preservation number being CGMCC NO.2.399 is subjected to slant strain activation, the obtained yeast strain is subjected to inoculation continuously, seed fermentation broth is prepared and subjected to liquid aerobic fermentation and solid anaerobic fermentation, an obtained solid fermentation product is dried and ground, and a yeast culture is obtained. Tests prove that after added to the feed of the sow in the latter half of gestation and lactation period, the yeast culture prepared with the process can obviously relieve constipation of sows in the latter half of gestation and lactation period, remarkably increase the healthy piglet number of the sows, weaning piglet number and weight of weaning litter, reduce stillbirth number during sow parturition, shorten interval between weaning and sow estrus, thereby further improving the reproductive performance of the sows.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to animal-breeding feed technical field, more particularly to yeast culture are preparing raising sow reproductive ability
The application in the feedstuff of prevention of sow constipation, can be improved.
Background technology
At present, China's sow productivity level is more low.Data according to the relevent statistics, in China's scale home court, often
Head sow can provide every year ablactational baby pig only about 15~18, and the developed country such as U.S. in 2008 has just reached 20~25
Head.The principal element for causing China's sow productivity low has that sow milk is not enough, constipation is serious, management level are low and disease
Deng.
Yeast culture (yeast culture, YC) refers to that yeast is in defined medium under certain process conditions
Through depth ferment and obtain complicated tunning, it include products of cellular metabolism (containing polypeptide, organic acid, aminoacid, nucleic acid,
Enzyme, UGF etc.), degeneration culture medium (containing oligosaccharide, polypeptide etc.) and yeast cells itself (protein, aminoacid, core
Acid, cell wall polysaccharides etc.), nutritional labeling very abundant can be provided " full nutrition substrate " for animal intestinal endosymbiosis bacterium, maximum
Limit maintains the balance between each fungus strain of internal intestinal, promotes function of intestinal canal normal, improves nutrient digestion in feedstuff and absorbs
Rate, so as to improve breeding performonce fo animals.
But, in prior art, the research of yeast culture is to improve animal feed conversion rate, promoting poultry body mostly
Immunologic function, the research for reducing mortality rate and improving environment etc., and the research that sow reproductive performance and prevention of sow constipation are affected compared with
It is few, therefore, using yeast culture as sow feed adding ingredient, have to improving sow reproductive performance, improving prevention of sow constipation
Important meaning.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of yeast culture and is preparing raising sow reproductive performance, improving
Application in the feedstuff of prevention of sow constipation.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Application of the yeast culture in the feedstuff for preparing raising sow reproductive performance, improving prevention of sow constipation, ferment therein
Female culture is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:By the wine brewing ferment that preserving number is CGMCC No.2.399
Mother, Jing after slant strains activation, the barmses for obtaining continue to be inoculated with preparation seed liquor, and seed liquor is carried out successively liquid aerobic
The solid fermentation product for obtaining is obtained yeast culture by fermentation, solid anaerobic fermentation by being dried and crushing.
Used as further technical scheme, slant strains activation comprises the steps:It is by the preserving number of freezing
The saccharomyces cerevisiae of CGMCC No.2.399 is inoculated on slant medium, stands 28~35 DEG C of constant temperature, cultivates 40~70h, is obtained
Barmses after activation.
Slant medium is solid malt extract medium, including malt extract powder, chloromycetin, agar;Each component content is preferred
For malt extract powder 130g/L, chloromycetin 0.1g/L, agar 2%.
The preparation of above-mentioned seed liquor comprises the steps:Barmses are seeded in fluid medium, at 28~35 DEG C
Constant-temperature table culture, 120~200r/min of rotating speed;18~30h of culture.
Used as further technical scheme, liquid aerobic fermentation comprises the steps:Seed liquor is connect with 10%~20%
The amount of kind is inoculated in the fermentation tank equipped with new fluid medium and is enlarged culture, controls ventilation for 1~5L/min, temperature
For 28~35 DEG C, fermentation time is 20~35h;Obtain the liquid spawn liquid of amplification culture.
Fluid medium is malt extract medium, including malt extract powder, chloromycetin, and both contents are preferably malt extract powder
130g/L, chloromycetin 0.1g/L;PH value is 5.6~6.5.
Used as further technical scheme, solid anaerobic fermentation comprises the steps:By liquid spawn liquid with 20%~
30% inoculum concentration is seeded in sterile solid culture medium, is carried out Solid anaerobic in double-deck controllable temperature isolation drying equipment and is sent out
Ferment, it is 35%~70% to control moisture, and fermentation temperature is 28~35 DEG C, 18~50h of fermentation time;Obtain solid fermentation product
Thing.
Solid medium includes 4~7 parts of straw according to the mass fraction, 3~5 parts of Semen Maydis powder, 1~3 part of wheat bran or distiller grains 3
Wantonly three kinds of~5 parts or four kinds;Culture medium carbon-nitrogen ratio is (2~7): 1, it is controlled by adding carbamide.
Used as further technical scheme, drying comprises the steps:Solid fermentation product is dried, drying mode
Vacuum drying, 25 DEG C~45 DEG C of baking temperature, obtains yeast culture head product by preferably 30 DEG C.
Used as further technical scheme, crushing comprises the steps:Yeast culture head product is crushed, is crushed
Sieve 40~60 mesh, obtains yeast culture product.
As further technical scheme, the 0.1 of daily ration based on the weight/mass percentage composition of the addition of yeast culture
~0.5%.
Used as further technical scheme, it is 2~3 times to throw the day of the feedstuff of trimester of pregnancy sow and raise number of times, first half period of gestation day
Scale of feeding be 1.8~2.2kg, day mid trimester of pregnancy scale of feeding be 2.3~2.6kg, latter half of gestation day scale of feeding be 2.8~3.2kg;
It is 2~3 times to throw the day of the feedstuff of sow in lactation and raise number of times, and the daily scale of feeding in first three day gradually increases from 0kg after Farrowing
To 4kg, sow free choice feeding after the 4th day, the free choice feeding stage keeps feedstuff in crib to show a small surplus.
Used as further technical scheme, the main nutrient composition of basal diet includes thick protein, calcium, available phosphoruss, total
Lysine, total methionine, half fat propylhomoserin, total threonine and total Try, the digestible energy of basal diet is 12~15 (MJ/kg).
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention is studied by the yeast culture for adding variable concentrations in the feedstuff of sow gestation phase and age of sucking
The application that impact of the yeast culture to sow reproductive performance and prevention of sow constipation is yeast culture in sow feed provides base
Plinth;Test data shows, in the feedstuff of sow gestation phase and age of sucking yeast culture is added, and can be relieved sow gestation
Later stage and the constipation of age of sucking, significantly improve the strong son's number of sow, weaned piglet head number and weight of weaning litter, reduce dead during Farrowing
Tire number, shortens the interval of wean to oestrus of sow, and then improves the production performance of sow.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described further below.Here is it should be noted that for these enforcements
The explanation of mode is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute limitation of the invention.Additionally, invention described below
As long as involved technical characteristic does not constitute each other conflict and just can be mutually combined in each embodiment.
Material, reagent used in following embodiments etc., if no special instructions, commercially obtain.
Test method used in following embodiments if no special instructions, is conventional method.
The details of the bacterial strain used in following embodiments are as follows:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae):CGMCC numberings are 2.399;The saccharomyces cerevisiae is in Shen
Please number be CN201410629012.0, patent name is disclosed in a kind of invention granted patent of the production method of yellow fluid vinegar beverage.
Sow used in following embodiments is provided by Hebei cultivation company limited.
Embodiment 1, the preparation of yeast culture
1st, slant strains activation:By the preserving number of freezing for CGMCC No.2.399 saccharomyces cerevisiae be inoculated into containing
Malt extract powder 130g/L, chloromycetin 0.1g/L, on the slant medium of agar 2%, stand 30 DEG C of constant temperature, cultivate 48h, are lived
Barmses after change.
2nd, the preparation of seed liquor:Barmses after activation are seeded to containing malt extract powder 130g/L, chloromycetin with 1 ring
0.1g/L;PH value is in 6.5 fluid medium, in 30 DEG C of constant-temperature table cultures, rotating speed 160r/min;Culture 24h.
3rd, liquid aerobic fermentation:The seed liquor for preparing is inoculated into equipped with new containing malt extract powder with 20% inoculum concentration
130g/L, chloromycetin 0.1g/L;PH value be 5.6 fluid medium fermentation tank in be enlarged culture, controlling ventilation is
2L/min, temperature is 30 DEG C, and fermentation time is 28h;Obtain the liquid spawn liquid of amplification culture.
4th, solid anaerobic fermentation:Liquid spawn liquid is seeded to into mass fraction as 6 parts of straw, Semen Maydiss with 30% inoculum concentration
In the sterile solid culture medium of 3 parts of 5 parts of powder, 2 parts of wheat bran and distiller grains, it is 3: 1 that addition carbamide controls carbon-nitrogen ratio, in double-deck controllable temperature
Solid anaerobic fermentation is carried out in isolation drying equipment, it is 55% to control moisture, and fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C, fermentation time 42h;
Obtain solid fermentation product.
5th, the acquisition of yeast culture
The solid fermentation product is dried, drying mode vacuum drying, 25 DEG C~45 DEG C of baking temperature, preferably 30
DEG C, obtain yeast culture head product.Affiliated yeast culture head product is crushed again, is pulverized and sieved 40~60 mesh, i.e.,
Yeast culture product is obtained.Obtain after testing, the product gross protein value is 15.4%, mannan content is
1.5%, beta glucan content is 4.2%, and content of ashes is 5.6%.
The impact test of embodiment 2, sow reproductive performance and prevention of sow constipation
1, the preparation of feedstuff
The selected basal diet of this test include Semen Maydiss, bean cake, Testa Tritici, soybean oil, Sodium Chloride, 50% choline chloride,
Stone powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, 78%L- lysines, 98%DL- methionine, premix material, wherein, premix material provides dimension for every kilogram of daily ration
Raw element A, 10500IU;Vitamin D3, 1500IU;Vitamin E, 15IU;Vitamin K3, 1.6mg;Vitamin B1, 1.5mg;Dimension life
Plain B2, 3.0mg;Vitamin B6, 1.5mg;Vitamin B12, 0.015mg;Nicotinic acid, 22.5mg;Pantothenic acid, 15mg;Biotin,
40mg;Folic Acid, 2.5mg;Manganese (MnSO4·H2O), 40mg;Ferrum (FeSO4·H2O), 85mg;Zinc (ZnSO4·H2O), 75mg;Copper
(CuSO4·5H2O), 1.5mg;Iodine (Ca (IO3)2), 0.09mg;Selenium (Na2SeO3), the compound of 0.03mg.
The addition that above-mentioned basal diet is respectively constituted see the table below 1.
2, process of the test
This test is designed using single factor experiment, chooses " long × big " Suprapubic arch sling (3~5 tire) of 60 gestation, according to
Parity, body condition phase approximately principle are randomly divided into 3 groups, and per group of 20 repetitions, each 1 sow of repetition, separated raising is fed respectively
Material;Daily ration is as a control group based on feeding;Feeding is to add yeast culture prepared by embodiment 1 in basal diet
Feedstuff, wherein the weight/mass percentage composition for adding the yeast culture in embodiment 1 is 0.25%, 0.5%, as test group 1, examination
Test group 2.
Above-mentioned 3 groups of in-pigs start the daily ration of fed control group daily ration respectively and addition Yeast Cultivation from pregnant 1d.
1d~gestation 85d feeding in-pig material from after insemination of sows, it is female that pregnant 85d~suckling 21d off-tests then feed suckling
Pig feed.Daily ration be with reference to NRC (1998) standards and《Chinese Pigs feeding standard》The corn-soybean meal day that (2004 editions) are configured to
Grain.The basal diet formula and trophic level of sow gestation phase and age of sucking is shown in Table 1.
The basal diet of the trimester of pregnancy of table 1 and sow in lactation is respectively constituted and trophic level content table (feeding basis)
Main nutrient composition in table 1 is value of calculation, and content is percetage by weight.
Test is carried out on April 25,1 day to 2016 December in 2015 in Hebei Dingzhou plant of cultivation company limited.
During on-test, the sow after breeding is proceeded in half slatted floor position limiting fence of gestation house, the interior holding cleaning of house is dried, ventilation
Well, temperature keeps constant (25 DEG C or so) in giving up.Feeding 2 times daily, respectively 8:00 and 17:30 feed intake, and first half period of gestation is (pregnant
Be pregnent 1~30d), mid-term (30~85d of gestation) and later stage (pregnant 85d~childbirth) scale of feeding be respectively 2.0,2.5 and 3.0kg/d,
Free water;Test sow was proceeded in the full slatted floor position limiting fence in delivery room in 1 week before expected date of confinement, keep cleaning to be dried in house,
Temperature keeps constant (25 DEG C or so) in well-ventilated, house.Free water, the potassium permanganate solution for just before giving birth front using 0.1% is incited somebody to action
Its pudendum and breast cleaning and sterilizing, and each nipple is dredged.
Age of sucking daily 8:00、13:00 and 18:00 part is fed for 3 times, after Farrowing the daily scale of feeding in first three day from
0kg is gradually increased to 4kg, can allow sow free choice feeding after the 4th day.The free choice feeding stage feeds three times a day and keeps in crib
Feedstuff shows a small surplus.Suckling pig is warming using 250 watts of infrared heat-insulating lamp, and 3d starts to teach groove, and crib is cleaned daily.Sow
Piglet is intersected in group and entrusts one's child to the care of sb. after childbirth, it is ensured that basically identical (10 or 11) per litter size amount, other feedings and managements are followed
Pig farm management system.
3, testing index and method
Sow reproductive performance is determined:Within Farrowing 12h, the total yield coefficient of every sow, litter size living, dead is recorded
To the interval natural law of heat after tire number, mummy number, weak young number, piglet birth individual weight, life birth litter weight and wean.Will birth
The pig for being less than 0.9kg again or having disease is divided into weak son.
Weak young rate=weak young number/number born alive
Sow milk performance is determined:Every nest weaned piglet head number, weight of weaning litter, ablactational baby pig during suckling 21d is individual
Weight and nursery phase piglet survival ratio.
Prevention of sow constipation rate is determined:Count the constipation situation of sow, feces judgment criteria such as table 2 after on-test daily.
Constipation rate=(constipation sow head number × constipation natural law)/(test sow head number × test natural law)
The sow feces judgment criteria of table 2
4, result of the test
Impact of 4.1 yeast cultures to sow reproductive performance
Using above-mentioned sow reproductive performance assay method, the matched group for obtaining, test group 1 and test group 2 the results are shown in Table
3。
Add impact tables of data of the yeast culture to sow reproductive performance in the daily ration of table 3
In above-mentioned table 3, superscript a, b represents different letter representations significant difference (P < 0.05) of same column data shoulder note;Test
Data EXCEL carries out edit, and carries out independent sample T-test analyses using the statistical softwares of SPSS 18.0.With P <
0.05 represents significant difference, and P < 0.10 are difference tendency criterion;As a result represented using meansigma methodss ± standard error.
As shown in Table 3, compared with matched group, although addition yeast culture can not increase sow total yield coefficient (P >
0.05), but significantly improve sow nest and produce strong son's number (test group 1 improves 9.62%, and test group 2 improves 10.46%, P <
0.05), while stillborn fetuses number (reduction of test group 1 36.55%, test group 239.31%, P < when significantly reducing Farrowing
0.05) with the interval weaned to oestrus of sow (test group shortens 138.24%, and test group 2 shortens 36.76%, P < 0.05).And
And, sow of the feeding containing yeast culture diet group lives, and (test group 1 improves 7.65% to litter size, and test group 2 improves 8.43%, P
=0.07) be improved compared with matched group with life birth litter weight (test group 1 improves 7.62%, and test group 2 improves 8.44%, P=0.07)
Trend;Meanwhile, the addition of yeast culture increases, and the reproductive performance of above-mentioned sow removes total yield coefficient, remaining indices
Accordingly tend to more excellent direction.
Nutritional labeling in yeast culture, the metabolite after especially fermenting can provide abundant for microorganism in digestive tract
Nutrition, the growth and health to poultry be extremely important, and the production performance of poultry is improved then.This test finds yeast culture
Can significantly reduce stillborn fetuses number during Farrowing, improve strong son's number, its reason may be with the composition such as the oligosaccharide in yeast culture
Adhesion of the harmful bacteria to intestinal is reduced, promotes the propagation of probioticss relevant with immunity of organisms is adjusted.
Impact of 4.2 yeast cultures to suckling pig growth performance
Using above-mentioned sow milk performance assay method, the matched group for obtaining, test group 1 and test group 2 the results are shown in Table
4。
Add impact of the yeast culture to suckling pig growth performance in the daily ration of table 4
In above-mentioned table 4, superscript a, b represents different letter representations significant difference (P < 0.05) of same column data shoulder note;Test
Data EXCEL carries out edit, and carries out independent sample T-test analyses using the statistical softwares of SPSS 18.0.With P <
0.05 represents significant difference, and P < 0.10 are difference tendency criterion;As a result represented using meansigma methodss ± standard error.
As known from Table 4, in terms of Piglet at Lactation Period growth promoter, addition yeast culture can significantly improve disconnected in daily ration
(test group 1 is improved for milk piglet number (test group 1 improves 10.80%, and test group 2 improves 11.69%, P < 0.05) and weight of weaning litter
12.84%, test group 2 improves 13.89%, P < 0.05), to weaned piglet counterpoise, (test group 1 improves 1.82%, test group 2
Improve 1.98%, P=0.09) trend that is also improved.The milk performance of sow is come body by the growth performance of ablactational baby pig
Existing, test finds that yeast culture is significantly improved effect to suckling pig wean number and weight of weaning litter, and this may be with ferment
Female culture can improve that sow milking capacity is relevant, also be not excluded for UGF in yeast composition itself and its culture
Special role.
Impact of 4.3 yeast cultures to prevention of sow constipation
Using above-mentioned prevention of sow constipation performance measurement method, the matched group for obtaining, test group 1 and test group 2 the results are shown in Table
5。
Add impact of the yeast culture to prevention of sow constipation in the daily ration of table 5
As known from Table 5, the 1st month prevention of sow constipation rate after on-test is higher, matched group and test group 1, test group 2
Respectively 17.75%, 15.25% and 15.08%.With the prolongation of experimental period, after matched group prevention of sow constipation rate has declined, the
Significantly improve within 4 months, reach 19.75%, and the prevention of sow constipation rate of test group 1 and test group 2 keeps downward trend, the 4th
The constipation rate of the moon is 10.50% and 9.88%, hence it is evident that less than matched group (reducing 9.5 or so percentage points).The constipation of sow
The gastrointestinal health and the utilization rate to feedstuff of sow, and then the reproductive performance of impact sow can be directly affected, serious constipation is very
Can extremely cause sow dead.And to add and significantly can substantially reduce prevention of sow constipation rate after yeast culture.
To sum up, test data shows, in the feedstuff of sow gestation phase and age of sucking yeast culture is added, and can substantially delay
Solution sow gestation later stage and the constipation of age of sucking, significantly improve the strong son's number of sow, weaned piglet head number and weight of weaning litter, reduce female
Stillborn fetuses number when pig is given a birth, shortens the interval of wean to oestrus of sow, and then improves the production performance of sow.
Embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above, but the invention is not restricted to described embodiment.It is right
For those skilled in the art, in the case of without departing from the principle of the invention and spirit, these embodiments are carried out many
Plant change, modification, replace and modification, still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. application of the yeast culture in the feedstuff for preparing raising sow reproductive performance, improving prevention of sow constipation.
2. application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the yeast culture is according to the side for comprising the steps
What method was prepared:
By the saccharomyces cerevisiae that preserving number is CGMCC No.2.399, Jing after slant strains activation, the barmses for obtaining continue to connect
Plant and prepare seed liquor, the seed liquor is carried out successively liquid aerobic fermentation, solid anaerobic fermentation produces the solid fermentation for obtaining
Thing obtains yeast culture by being dried and crushing.
3. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the slant strains activation comprises the steps:Will freezing
The preserving number of preservation is inoculated on slant medium for the saccharomyces cerevisiae of CGMCC No.2.399, stands 28~35 DEG C of constant temperature, training
Support 40~70h, the barmses after being activated.
4. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the liquid aerobic fermentation comprises the steps:
The seed liquor is inoculated in the fermentation tank equipped with new fluid medium with 10%~20% inoculum concentration and is enlarged
Culture, it is 1~5L/min to control ventilation, and temperature is 28~35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 20~35h;Obtain the liquid of amplification culture
Body strain liquid.
5. application according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the solid anaerobic fermentation comprises the steps:
The liquid spawn liquid is seeded in sterile solid culture medium with 20%~30% inoculum concentration, in double-deck controllable temperature every
Solid anaerobic fermentation is carried out in drying equipment, it is 35%~70% to control moisture, and fermentation temperature is 28~35 DEG C, fermentation
18~50h of time;Obtain the solid fermentation product;
The solid medium includes 4~7 parts of straw according to the mass fraction, 3~5 parts of Semen Maydis powder, 1~3 part of wheat bran or distiller grains 3
Wantonly three kinds of~5 parts or four kinds;Culture medium carbon-nitrogen ratio is (2~7): 1.
6. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the drying comprises the steps:
The solid fermentation product is dried, drying mode vacuum drying, 25 DEG C~45 DEG C of baking temperature obtains yeast training
Foster thing head product.
7. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the crushing comprises the steps:
The yeast culture head product is crushed, 40-60 mesh is pulverized and sieved, yeast culture product is obtained.
8. application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the weight/mass percentage composition of the addition of the yeast culture
Based on daily ration 0.1~0.5%.
9. application according to claim 8, it is characterised in that it is 2 to throw the day of the feedstuff of trimester of pregnancy sow and raise number of times
~3 times, first half period of gestation day scale of feeding be 1.8~2.2kg, day mid trimester of pregnancy scale of feeding be 2.3~2.6kg, latter half of gestation day raise
The amount of feeding is 2.8~3.2kg;
It is 2~3 times to throw day of the feedstuff of sow in lactation and raise number of times, and the daily scale of feeding in first three day is from 0kg after Farrowing
4kg, sow free choice feeding after the 4th day are gradually increased to, the free choice feeding stage keeps feedstuff in crib to show a small surplus.
10. application according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the main nutrient composition of the basal diet includes thick egg
White matter, calcium, available phosphoruss, total lysine, total methionine, half fat propylhomoserin, total threonine and total Try, the basal diet disappears
Change can be 12~15 (MJ/kg).
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Cited By (6)
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CN107865232A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-04-03 | 河南正本清源科技发展股份有限公司 | Zymocyte liquid, the product of improvement in-pig intestinal health and the preparation method and application of product for including it |
CN109329560A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-02-15 | 山西大禹生物工程股份有限公司 | Solve pregnant sow constipation and the feed addictive of production performance and preparation method thereof |
CN110200155A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-09-06 | 北京中农弘科生物技术有限公司 | Sow feed of the yeast culture containing antibacterial type and its preparation method and application |
CN111296654A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-06-19 | 浙江科峰生物技术有限公司 | Yeast-derived fermented feed and application thereof |
CN111955616A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-11-20 | 庞勤 | Biological fermentation feed additive for pregnant sows and preparation and use methods thereof |
CN116349775A (en) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-06-30 | 东北农业大学 | Feed additive for improving pig reproduction, immunity and disease resistance and preparation method thereof |
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