CN108245531A - 一种改善胃肠道功能、防治便秘的组合物 - Google Patents
一种改善胃肠道功能、防治便秘的组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108245531A CN108245531A CN201611242557.1A CN201611242557A CN108245531A CN 108245531 A CN108245531 A CN 108245531A CN 201611242557 A CN201611242557 A CN 201611242557A CN 108245531 A CN108245531 A CN 108245531A
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- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008215 water for injection Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种明显改善胃肠道功能、防治便秘的组合物。该组合物含有大豆低聚糖和菊芋菊糖,应用于药品或者保健品服用能有效改善胃肠道功能,具有良好的润肠通便的效果。本发明原料组成简单、合理,成分天然,服用方便,安全性高,没有毒副作用,无不良反应,也不会产生依赖作用,适合便秘患者服用。
Description
技术领域
本发明公开了一种组合物,特别公开了一种以大豆低聚糖和菊芋菊糖为活性成分的组合物,进一步的,本发明公开了该组合物在改善胃肠道功能、防治便秘方面的应用。
背景技术
大豆低聚糖(Soybean oligosaccharides)是指大豆中含有低聚糖类总称,含量约10%主要由蔗糖、棉子糖、水苏糖等组成。大豆低聚糖广泛分布于植物中,尤其以豆科植物含量居多。大豆低聚糖大多是从生产大豆蛋白乳清液中提取,乳清液含有各种低分子蛋白、多糖类、肽、低聚糖类等物质,其中碳水化合物约62%,粗蛋白约21%,灰分5%,其它12%,而碳水化合物中含量较高的是大豆低聚糖。目前国内从乳清液提取大豆低聚糖方法有:(1)超滤法;(2)膜集成法;(3)微生物发酵法;(4)碱提取法;(5)酸沉淀法;(6)微波提取法;(7)超声波提取法;(8)醇法提取;(9)微波、纤维素酶预处理提取法等。
大豆低聚糖是由2~10个相同或不同单糖由糖苷键结合而成一种不能成为人体营养源,但能对人体有特别生理功能的功能性低聚糖。其能促进人体肠道内固有有益菌―双歧杆菌增殖,抑制腐败菌生长,并减少有毒发酵产物形成,是重要食品基料;且对其提取解决大豆蛋白生产企业环保问题,所以近年来倍受世界各国关注。20世纪80年代末,日本首先开创对大豆低聚糖生理功能开发研究,其开发大豆低聚糖产品1998年已推向市场。到目前为止,大豆低聚糖是美国FDA唯一认可应用于食品中功能性低聚糖。
菊糖,又称为菊粉,主要成分是一类结构相似的果聚糖。菊糖是目前发现的少有的几种可溶性膳食纤维,是体内双歧杆菌和乳酸菌增殖因子,加之具有低热量、非胰岛素依赖性和非龋齿性等特点,被广泛应用在乳制品、面包、糖果、饮料和调味品等食品领域,作为优质的膳食纤维源和脂肪替代物。众多报道认为,菊糖具有改善肠道微环境、调节血脂、预防肥胖、促进矿物质吸收和维生素代谢等生理活性。
菊芋,俗名洋姜,是一种菊科向日葵属宿根性草本植物,其块茎富含菊糖,菊芋菊糖是一种由果糖分子通过糖苷键连接形成的直链生物多糖,还原性末端以葡萄糖分子结尾,聚合度大约为2~60。已有文献报道菊芋菊糖可明显降低STZ诱导Ⅰ型糖尿病大鼠血糖,其机制可能是防止胰岛β细胞破坏,增加胰岛素表达,试验结果表明菊芋菊糖对Ⅰ型糖尿病有较好的治疗作用(李季泓,王密,林树梅,等.菊芋菊糖对链脲佐菌素诱导大鼠Ⅰ型糖尿病治疗作用的研究[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(16):2997-3000)。鲁政等研究发现菊芋菊糖对酒精引起的小鼠肾脏和脑组织的氧化损伤具有一定的保护作用(鲁政,张静,高兆兰,等.牛蒡菊糖和菊芋菊糖对酒精诱导大鼠慢性氧化损伤的防治作用[J].食品科学,2010,31(5):270-273)。
便秘是临床上最常见的慢性消化道症状之一,在我国的发生率大约为10%~15%,目前便秘人数已超过1.3亿。国内便秘调查资料显示,便秘的发生率与年龄、性别、地域、职业、文化程度等因素相关。随着人们生活水平的提高及饮食习惯的改变,便秘患者的年龄正逐渐向年轻化发展,并且城市的便秘发生率远远高于农村。研究资料显示老龄化是便秘的一个高发因素,便秘患者随年龄增长而明显增多。大部分流行病学资料认为便秘和性别有密切关系,女性是高危人群。我国60岁以上老年人的慢性便秘比率高达15%-20%。而对北京地区18-70岁成年人进行的一项随机、分层、分级调查表明,慢性便秘的发病率为6.07%,女性是男性的4倍以上,且精神因素是高危因子之一。便秘的发病率因地域而异,且城、乡人群的发病率存在显著性差异。
便秘是让人即痛苦又尴尬的一种病症,传统的治疗便秘的药物,大多数为含有泻下作用的成分,长期服用会产生很强的依赖性,继而易形成继发性便秘,所以此类药物不适合长期服用。现在人们更倾向于选择纯天然、绿色、副作用小,效果好的产品。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种组合物,该组合物包括大豆低聚糖和菊芋菊糖,同时本发明也公开了该组合物的应用。
申请人研究发现通过将大豆低聚糖和菊芋菊糖组合,对改善胃肠道功能、防治便秘具有协同的、突出的效果,其长期使用安全性和保健效果均优于现有产品。同时本发明组合物在防治便秘上具有协同的治疗作用,其疗效优于两种物质单独使用的加和。本发明组合物安全性高,服用安全。
本发明在本领域第一次引入大豆低聚糖和菊芋菊糖组合用于防治便秘。本发明申请人通过大量实验研究首次确定了将大豆低聚糖和菊芋菊糖组合物用于防治便秘的可行性。
本发明技术方案提供了一种大豆低聚糖和菊芋菊糖的组合物,包含活性成分大豆低聚糖和菊芋菊糖具有明显协同作用。将本发明组合物用于药物制剂时,还可选择性的包括药学上可接受的载体。相应的,本发明提供了将该组合物用于改善胃肠道功能、防治便秘的用途。
在本发明提供的技术方案中,提供了本发明组合物的制剂,其中含有本发明组合物和药学上可接受的载体。大豆低聚糖和菊芋菊糖重量份数比可以是0.01:1-20:1,优选为0.11:1-10:1。
本发明组合物可以直接制成制剂,也可以选择性地加入药学载体然后制成制剂。本发明组合物对改善胃肠道功能、防治便秘具有积极作用,因此可以适用于亚健康人群做保健品。本发明所述的保健品泛指可以提高和保护人体健康状态的产品,包括食物和饮料。所指的食物包括但不限于小麦制品、淀粉制品、肉类制品、植物提取物、奶乳、保健糖等;所指的饮料包括所有人体可饮用的液体制品包括普通的饮用饮料和用于提高特定机能的功能饮料。
本发明在应用于保健品时,还可以在最终制备为产品时加入其他营养成分使用,这些营养物质包括淀粉、葡萄糖、乳糖、甘露糖、蔗糖、糖浆、蜂蜜、多种氨基酸、钙铁锌、维生素等。
本发明组合物具体应用时,可以与辅料结合使用。辅料可包括赋形剂、抗氧剂、PH调节剂、防腐剂、等渗剂等任何药学和营养学上可接受的、安全性有保证的辅料。
本发明组合物可以制备为多种类型,包括胶囊、片剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、口服液或糖浆等,优选为粉剂和口服液。改变产品的外表存在形式属于本领域技术人员可以联想到的技术方案,因此改变最终产品的形状属于本发明的覆盖范围。申请人对本发明产品功能进行了研究,发现与大豆低聚糖和菊芋菊糖单独应用相比,本发明组合物可显著促进便秘模型小鼠肠道的蠕动,具有协同的疗效。本发明组合物能明显缩短便秘模型小鼠首次排便时间、增加6小时内排便次数和重量、软化粪便,具有协同的疗效。
本发明原料组成简单、合理,成分天然,服用方便,安全性高,没有毒副作用,无不良反应,具有改善胃肠道功能、润肠通便的功效。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方法进一步描述本发明,但本发明的应用范围不仅仅限于下列实施例。在本发明的内容、精神和/或范围内,对本发明技术特征的替换和/或组合,对本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的,且包含在本发明之中。
制备实施例1
本实施例提供的保健品由以下重量百分含量的原料制成:大豆低聚糖75%、菊芋菊糖25%。
本实施例提供的保健品为粉剂,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按以上重量百分含量分别称取大豆低聚糖、菊芋菊糖。
(2)原料粉碎:将步骤(1)称取的原料粉碎,然后过80目筛,收集筛下物,得到粉剂。
制备实施例2
大豆低聚糖 100mg
菊芋菊糖 10mg
将上述成分混匀研磨成粉末溶解于去离子水至1000ml,进行密封、灭菌和分装,制备为符合特定规格的口服液。
在大规模生产中本发明制备口服液可以在用量上进行放大,充分溶解后进行罐装然后密封、灭菌和分装为符合规格的口服液,比如500ml,1L等。
制备实施例3
将上述成分搅拌混匀成组合物,测定重量后制成粉剂。
制备实施例4
将上述成分搅拌混匀成组合物,测定重量后制成片剂。
制备实施例5
将上述成分搅拌混匀成组合物,测定重量后制成胶囊。
制备实施例6
制备工艺:将处方量的乙醇加入大豆低聚糖、菊芋菊糖,搅拌溶解,加入注射用水至10L,搅拌均匀,加入0.5%针用活性炭,搅拌,脱炭,即得注射液。
实验例1本发明组合物对便秘模型作用的研究
1.小鼠小肠推进实验
取健康ICR小鼠70只,雌雄各半,体重18~22g,随机分为7组,每组10只,分别为正常对照组、模型对照组、大豆低聚糖组、菊芋菊糖组、大豆低聚糖菊芋菊糖组合物A组、大豆低聚糖菊芋菊糖组合物B组、大豆低聚糖菊芋菊糖组合物C组。
小鼠禁食不禁水12h后,除正常对照组外的各给药组分别灌胃给予盐酸洛哌丁胺(3.0mg/kg),正常对照组给予相应体积的蒸馏水。30min后各剂量组分别灌胃给予含有墨汁混悬液(2%墨汁100mL+1g羧甲基纤维素钠)相应剂量的药物,正常对照组和模型对照组给予相应体积墨汁混悬液,灌胃体积均为0.2mL/10g。
各组动物给药情况:
正常对照组:灌胃给予等体积蒸馏水
模型对照组:灌胃给予等体积蒸馏水
大豆低聚糖组:灌胃给予0.54g/kg大豆低聚糖
菊芋菊糖组:灌胃给予0.9g/kg菊芋菊糖
组合物A组:灌胃给予0.14g/kg大豆低聚糖+1.3g/kg菊芋菊糖
组合物B组:灌胃给予0.54g/kg大豆低聚糖+0.9g/kg菊芋菊糖
组合物C组:灌胃给予1.2 4g/kg大豆低聚糖+0.2g/kg菊芋菊糖
给药30min后颈椎脱臼法处死小鼠,打开腹腔分离肠系膜,剪取上端自幽门,下端至回盲部的肠管,测量肠管长度为“小肠总长度”,测量幽门至碳汁推进前沿的距离为“碳汁推进长度”,计算碳汁推进率。碳汁推进率(%)=碳汁推进长度(cm)/小肠总长度(cm)×100。
2.小鼠排便实验
取健康ICR小鼠70只,雌雄各半,体重18~22g,随机分为7组,每组10只,分别为正常对照组、模型对照组、大豆低聚糖组、菊芋菊糖组、大豆低聚糖菊芋菊糖组合物A组、大豆低聚糖菊芋菊糖组合物B组、大豆低聚糖菊芋菊糖组合物C组。
小鼠隔夜禁食12h(饮水不限)后除正常对照组外的各给药组分别灌胃给予盐酸洛哌丁胺(3.0mg/kg),正常对照组给予相应体积的蒸馏水。30min后各剂量组分别灌胃给予含有墨汁混悬液相应剂量的药物,正常对照组和模型对照组给予相应体积墨汁混悬液,灌胃体积均为0.2mL/10g。
各组动物给药情况:
正常对照组:灌胃给予等体积蒸馏水
模型对照组:灌胃给予等体积蒸馏水
大豆低聚糖组:灌胃给予0.54g/kg大豆低聚糖
菊芋菊糖组:灌胃给予0.9g/kg菊芋菊糖
组合物A组:灌胃给予0.14g/kg大豆低聚糖+1.3g/kg菊芋菊糖
组合物B组:灌胃给予0.54g/kg大豆低聚糖+0.9g/kg菊芋菊糖
组合物C组:灌胃给予1.24g/kg大豆低聚糖+0.2g/kg菊芋菊糖
给药后,从给予墨汁混悬液开始计时,每只小鼠单独放入带隔层小鼠笼(笼底铺上吸水纸),正常饮水、进食,分别观察记录每只小鼠首次排出黑便的时间,6h内排便次数、重量及粪便性状。
3.数据处理
数据用均数±标准差表示,数据分析运用SPSS15.0统计软件分析。两组间差异的显著性分析用双侧t检验。
4.实验结果
表1组合物对便秘模型小鼠小肠推进的影响
组别 | 碳汁推进长度(cm) | 小肠全长(cm) | 碳汁推进率(%) |
正常对照组 | 31.25±2.51 | 46.56±3.29 | 67.12±4.32 |
模型对照组 | 21.71±5.01 | 47.51±3.72 | 45.69±7.03¥¥ |
大豆低聚糖组 | 36.96±2.64 | 46.51±2.01 | 79.47±6.83★★ |
菊芋菊糖组 | 33.25±4.03 | 45.65±2.62 | 72.84±6.87★★ |
组合物A组 | 43.53±3.04 | 47.32±2.13 | 91.99±6.52★★##$$ |
组合物B组 | 41.95±1.37 | 46.17±2.26 | 90.86±5.52★★##$$ |
组合物C组 | 40.02±1.93 | 45.35±2.21 | 88.25±5.37★★##$$ |
与正常对照组相比,¥p<0.05,¥¥p<0.01;与模型对照组相比,★p<0.05,★★p<0.01;
与大豆低聚糖组相比,#p<0.05,##p<0.01;与菊芋菊糖组相比,$p<0.05,$$p<0.01。
通过上述表1的结果可以看出:(1)与模型对照组相比,各给药组小肠内碳汁的推进率均显著提高。
(2)与单独给予大豆低聚糖或菊芋菊糖相比,组合物组碳汁推进率提高更显著,组合物组对肠道蠕动的效果更好,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。这表明大豆低聚糖与菊芋菊糖组合物组能够对便秘小鼠具有显著的治疗作用,二者联用具有协同增效作用。
表2组合物对便秘模型小鼠排便的影响
与正常对照组相比,¥p<0.05,¥¥p<0.01;与模型对照组相比,★p<0.05,★★p<0.01;
与大豆低聚糖组相比,#p<0.05,##p<0.01;与菊芋菊糖组相比,$p<0.05,$$p<0.01。
通过上述表2的结果可以看出:(1)与模型对照组相比,各给药组首次排便时间明显缩短,排便次数和排便重量均明显增加。
(2)与单独给予大豆低聚糖或菊芋菊糖相比,组合物组首次排便时间缩短更明显,排便次数和排便重量增加更显著,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。这表明大豆低聚糖与菊芋菊糖组合物组能够对便秘小鼠具有显著的治疗作用,二者联用具有协同增效作用。
实验例2本发明所述组合物的疗效试验
以实施例4制成的制剂进行临床研究,报告如下:
1、受试者选择
1.1纳入受试者标准:
a)排便次数减少和粪便硬度增加者;
b)大便一周少于三次者;
c)无器质性便秘者;
d)习惯性便秘者;
1.2受试者排除标准
a)不能经口进食者或不能按规定服用受试样品者;
b)主诉不清者;
c)体质虚弱无法进行实验者;
d)30天内进行外科手术引起的便秘症状发生者;
e)严重器质性病变引起的近期排便困难者(结肠癌、严重的肠炎、肠梗阻和炎症性肠病等)
f)便秘困难并伴有疼痛者
g)30天内发生过急性胃肠道疾病者;
h)孕期或经期妇女;
i)合并有心血管、肝、肾和造血系统等严重全身疾患者;
j)有其他伴随疾病正在治疗者;
k)短期内服用与受试功能有关的物品,影响结果判断者。
按照上述纳入和排除标准选择患者50例,其中男性17例,女性33例;年龄最小者25岁,最大者85岁,排便时间最短者2.5天,最长者9天;病程最短者30天,最长者40年。
2、试验设计、分组和数据处理
采用试验前后自设对照试验设计,对比研究服用药物前后的状况。资料以(x±s)表示,自身对照试验采用配对t检验。
观察指标:治疗前做一次血、尿、粪常规及肝肾功能检查。观察给药前后排便次数、持续时间、排便情况及粪便性状的变化。
排便状况根据排便困难程度(腹痛或肛门灼烧感、不适感、下坠感,有无便频但排便困难而量少等症状)分为I-Ⅳ级,统计积分值。
I级(0分):排便正常;
Ⅱ级(1分):仅有下坠感、不适感;
III级(2分):下坠不适感明显,或便频但排便困难而量少,较少出现腹痛或肛门灼烧感;
Ⅳ级(3分):经常出现腹痛或肛门灼烧感;
粪便性状根据布里斯托(Bristol)粪便性状分类法将粪便性状分为I-III级。
I级(0分):像香肠或蛇,平滑且软;表面有裂痕但有明显边缘(容易排出);
Ⅱ级(1分):香肠形状,但有团块;松散块状,边缘粗燥,像泥浆状的粪便;
III级(2分):分离的硬团,像果核(不易排出)。
3、治疗方法:
全部患者均服用本发明实施例4制成的制剂,每次1片,每天一次,并停用其他通便药物,药量可以根据患者体质情况及便秘症状改善状况酌情增减。疗效判定标准如下:
临床治愈:大便干软,每日排便1次,其他症状全部消失;
显效:便秘明显好转,便质基本正常,时间间歇1~2天,其他症状2/3消失;
有效:便质干结有所改善,大便间歇时间较原来缩短1~2天,其他症状有一定好转;
无效:便秘及其他症状均无改善。
4、结果:
患者腹胀纳差、腹痛、头晕头痛、口苦等主观症状得到明显改善。与治疗前相比,服用药物后患者的排便次数明显增多,排便持续时间缩短,排便困难程度和粪便性状面明显好转(表3)。50例患者痊愈23例,显效16例,有效9例,无效2例,总有效率96%。
表3使用本发明药物前和连续服用14日后患者排便情况和粪便性状变化(n=50)
与使用前相比,*P<0.001
上述临床结果表明,用药前后慢性便秘患者的便秘症状显著改善(P<0.001),本发明组合物可以显著增加慢性便秘患者的排便次数,减轻排便的的困难程度,使用后不仅排便的持续时间显著缩短,而且粪便的性状也显著改善。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种改善胃肠道功能、防治便秘的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物包含大豆低聚糖和菊芋菊糖。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,组合物中大豆低聚糖和菊芋菊糖的重量比为0.01:1-50:1。
3.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其特征在于,组合物中大豆低聚糖和菊芋菊糖的重量比为0.11:1-10:1。
4.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,组合物为药品或保健品的形式。
5.如权利要求4所述的组合物,其特征在于,组合物中还含有药学可接受的辅料或保健品可接受的添加剂。
6.如权利要求1~5任一所述的组合物,其特征在于,其为片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、粉剂、口服液或糖浆。
7.权利要求1~6所述的组合物在制备改善胃肠道功能、防治便秘的药物或保健品中的用途。
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