CN108243856B - Planting method of artemisia rupestris L - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a planting method of artemisia anomala, which comprises the following steps: preparing high-quality artemisia seeds and broomrape seeds; selecting cotton sand or stone sand of the yellow river beach to form a smooth field which is beneficial to irrigation; after the organic fertilizer is sprayed on the upper surface of the field from the bottom of 8 months to the beginning of 9 months in the first year, deep ploughing and land preparation are carried out; after deep ploughing, broadcasting the artemisia alba seeds on the surface of the land in a strip shape, and planting in a wide-narrow row mode; after the sowing is finished, rolling or treading to ensure that the artemisia alba seeds are tightly attached to the soil, and spraying water on the artemisia alba seeds in the same day; when the artemisia alba seedlings come out of the soil, inoculating broomrape seeds to the roots of the artemisia alba seedlings in time; thinning and final singling Artemisia Selengensis seedlings in 3 months in the next year, wherein the spacing between adjacent plants in the same row is 45-55 cm; managing the field: weeding four to five times from 4 months to before entering into the field, and performing spray irrigation and infiltrating irrigation; during the period of 5-9 months in the same year, the broomrape plants grow, the whole plants do not have chlorophyll, the broomrape plants directly flower after coming out of the soil, the flower color is purple or yellow, and when the flowers of the broomrape plants are densely integrated into the top-growing spike-shaped inflorescence, the white wormwood broomrape plants are harvested.

Description

Planting method of artemisia rupestris L

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of Chinese herbal medicine planting, in particular to a planting method of artemisia alba orobanche.

Background

The types of the broomrape in China are various and are as high as dozens, such as sunflower broomrape, cantaloupe broomrape, leguminous broomrape and tobacco broomrape, but the broomrape has far-ranging medicinal properties due to different parasitic plants, and even most of the broomrape does not have medicinal properties. According to the record of the manual of common Chinese herbal medicines in the north, the broomrape, namely the striga asiatica and the broomrape, parasitizes on the roots of artemisia, commonly called the broomrape of artemisia of Compositae, has no chlorophyll in the whole plant, almost all grows in the mountainous area, hillside and low-humidity part in the north with the altitude of 800 plus and 2000 m, has rare natural wild distribution, low yield, sweet and warm taste, is nontoxic, can tonify the kidney and strengthen yang, strengthen the bones and muscles, and is mainly used for treating soreness and pain in waist and legs and neurosis, and can also be used for treating infantile diarrhea. However, in recent times, the rare wild traditional Chinese medicinal materials tend to be extinct, are secondary protection endangered species in China, and cannot meet the use requirements of traditional Chinese medicines.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present designer actively makes research and innovation to create a planting method of artemisia scoparia, so that the planting method has more industrial utilization value.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a planting method of artemisia scoparia.

The invention relates to a planting method of artemisia anomala broomrape, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(a) selecting the land: selecting cotton sand or stone sand of the yellow river beach, and building a garden to form a field;

(b) ploughing and applying base fertilizer: after organic fertilizer is sprayed on the upper surface of a field from the bottom of 8 months to the beginning of 9 months in the first year, deep ploughing is carried out, the ploughing layer of the deep ploughing is larger than 25cm, and soil preparation is carried out;

(c) and seeding: after deep ploughing, selecting high-quality artemisia alba seeds to perform strip-shaped broadcast sowing on the surface of the land, and performing wide-row and narrow-row planting, wherein the row spacing of wide rows is 140-150 cm, and the row spacing of narrow rows is 40-50 cm; after the sowing is finished, directly rolling or treading to ensure that the artemisia alba seeds are tightly attached to the soil, and spraying with water on the day;

(d) 10-15 days after the sprinkling irrigation, the artemisia alba seedlings come out of the soil, broomrape seeds are timely inoculated to the roots of the unearthed artemisia alba seedlings, and the broomrape seeds are placed on the side of the roots of the artemisia alba seedlings and are 5-10cm below the ground;

(e) thinning the seedlings: thinning and final singling Artemisia selengensis seedlings in 3 months in the next year, and keeping the highest growing Artemisia selengensis seedlings in the same row and ensuring the distance between adjacent plants to be 45-55 cm;

(f) and infiltrating irrigation: after thinning, infiltrating irrigation is timely carried out on the field to ensure that the soil is moist;

(g) and managing the field: weeding four to five times from 3 months to before lodging, and hoeing the head outside 10cm away from the roots of the artemisia alba seedlings to avoid damaging fibrous roots of the artemisia alba seedlings each time of weeding, and hoeing the soil loosely; the weeds too close to the seedling roots of the artemisia selengensis are pressed on the base parts of the seedling roots of the artemisia selengensis by one hand, and the weeds are pulled out by the other hand; when the thickness of the dry soil layer on the surface layer of the soil is 2-3cm, carrying out spray irrigation and infiltrating irrigation in time;

(h) and when the broomrape plants grow out and grow in the same year for 5-9 months, harvesting after the broomrape plants have dense flowers and are integrated into top-growing spike-shaped inflorescences.

Further, in the step (e), after thinning, uniformly arranging infiltrating irrigation pipes in the field, wherein the infiltrating irrigation pipes are provided with a plurality of spray heads or small holes for sprinkling irrigation and infiltrating irrigation of the field; the infiltrating irrigation pipe is positioned in the middle of the narrow-row artemisia alba seedling.

Further, in the step (d), the horizontal distance between the broomrape seeds and the roots of the artemisia alba seedlings is less than or equal to 10cm during inoculation.

Further, the organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting rotten stable manure, chicken manure and cow manure.

By the scheme, the invention at least has the following advantages: firstly, optimizing and managing a field, carrying out artificial planting and cultivation, improving the yield of the Compositae Artemisia Orobanches, ensuring that the Compositae Artemisia Orobanches has industrial utilization value, and fundamentally solving the problems that the Compositae Artemisia Orobanches tends to be extinct and is difficult to harvest; secondly, preferably, a cotton sand or a stone sand of the yellow river beach is selected, the cotton sand or the stone sand is a saline-alkali soil and soil sand and mud, the good condition for culturing the broomrape is provided, the produced broomrape is rich in verbascoside and echinacoside, can be comparable to or even superior to the wild broomrape, and has extremely high medicinal value; the artemisia anomala broomrape planted by the invention is rich in more than 17 amino acids, wherein the artemisia anomala broomrape contains 7 amino acids necessary for a human body, and also contains trace elements and polysaccharide substances such as glucose, heteropolysaccharide and the like necessary for the human body, so that the artemisia anomala broomrape has the effects of resisting cancer, benefiting intelligence, guaranteeing kidney functions and strengthening immunity.

The foregoing is a summary of the present invention, and in order to provide a clear understanding of the technical means of the present invention and to be implemented in accordance with the present specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following examples are given to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The invention discloses a planting method of artemisia anomala broomrape, which is a complete artificial planting method after the research of the inventor for about 30 years.

Artemisia alba, Artemisia capillaris or Artemisia capillaris, Compositae, perennial herbaceous plant, about 1.5 m high, multiple branches, cauline leaves, full fissures, splinters, gray white, thin and soft hair, head-shaped inflorescence, compact into conical florae, blossom in autumn, three or four layers of involucreta, egg-shaped; green-yellow flower, long round lean fruit, no hair, root reproduction, and fragrant whole grass.

The planting method of the artemisia rupestris L comprises the following steps:

(a) selecting the land: selecting cotton sand or stone sand of the yellow river beach, and building a garden to form a field; yellow river beach saline-alkali soil is irrigated by yellow irrigation in the liberated countries, the soil is moistened by rich nutrients of yellow river water, the soil quality is thoroughly improved, unique natural geology is formed, excellent soil conditions required by the parasitic growth of the broomrape are provided, the broomrape can obtain rich nutrients of upper soil and absorb salt and alkali of a lower layer to supplement various mineral substances required by a human body.

(b) Ploughing and applying base fertilizer: after the organic fertilizer is sprayed on the upper surface of a field from the bottom of 8 months to the beginning of 9 months in the previous year, deep ploughing is carried out by using 1 ton of fertilizer per mu of land, the ploughed layer of the deep ploughing is more than 25cm and less than 35cm, and the organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting 80% of rotted stable compost, 10% of chicken manure and 10% of cow manure. The organic fertilizer contains comprehensive nutrients, not only contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, but also contains calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron and some trace elements, and after further fermentation and decomposition of soil, the fertilizer effect is long and stable. In addition, the organic fertilizer is beneficial to promoting the formation of a soil granular structure, enables the ratio of air to water in the soil to be coordinated, enables the soil to be loose, increases the capabilities of water retention, heat preservation, ventilation and fertilizer retention, and provides green organic nutrients for the growth of artemisia alba and orobanche coerulescens. After sufficient rotary tillage, soil preparation is carried out to enable the field to be flat.

(c) And seeding: after deep ploughing, selecting high-quality artemisia alba seeds to perform strip-shaped broadcast sowing on the surface of the land, and performing wide-row and narrow-row planting, wherein the row spacing of wide rows is 140-150 cm, and the row spacing of narrow rows is 40-50 cm; after the sowing is finished, directly rolling or treading to ensure that the artemisia alba seeds are tightly attached to the soil, and sprinkling water to spray the field on the sowing day;

(d) 10-15 days after the sprinkling irrigation, the artemisia alba seedlings are unearthed, the roots of the unearthed artemisia alba seedlings are timely inoculated with the broomrape seeds, the broomrape seeds are placed on the side of the roots of the artemisia alba seedlings and are located 5-10cm below the ground, preferably, the horizontal distance between the broomrape seeds and the roots of the artemisia alba seedlings is less than or equal to 10cm, and tests prove that the finished product rate of the broomrape seeds with the horizontal distance of more than 10cm is gradually reduced and the quality is poor. The first preferable inoculation method is that broomrape seeds are vertically delivered into soil by using a small pipe with the diameter of 2cm, and the horizontal distance between a pressed hole and the root of the artemisia selengensis seedling is less than or equal to 10cm, so that the broomrape seeds do not need to be managed in the whole winter. The effective substances secreted from the root of the artemisia alba seedling in the growth process promote the broomrape seed to germinate and the radicle to grow upwards, the broomrape parasitizes at the root of the artemisia alba seedling to form an underground yellow embryo bud group, and the yellow embryo bud group can break the soil to grow into a plant when meeting appropriate temperature and humidity.

(e) Thinning the seedlings: thinning and final singling Artemisia selengensis seedlings in 3 months in the next year, and keeping the highest growing Artemisia selengensis seedlings in the same row and ensuring the distance between adjacent plants to be 45-55 cm; the infiltrating irrigation pipes are uniformly arranged in the field, can be arranged in a grid shape or in parallel, a plurality of spray heads are arranged on the infiltrating irrigation pipes for sprinkling irrigation and infiltrating irrigation of the field, preferably, the infiltrating irrigation pipes are arranged in parallel, and each infiltrating irrigation pipe is positioned in the middle of the narrow-row artemisia alba seedling;

(f) and infiltrating irrigation: after thinning, infiltrating irrigation is timely carried out on the field to ensure that the soil is moist;

(g) and managing the field: weeding four to five times from 3 months to before lodging, and hoeing the head outside 10cm away from the roots of the artemisia alba seedlings to avoid damaging fibrous roots of the artemisia alba seedlings each time of weeding, and hoeing the soil loosely; the weeds too close to the seedling roots of the artemisia selengensis are pressed on the base parts of the seedling roots of the artemisia selengensis by one hand, and the weeds are pulled out by the other hand; when the thickness of the dry soil layer on the surface layer of the soil is 2-3cm, carrying out spray irrigation and infiltrating irrigation in time;

(h) and when the broomrape plants grow out and grow in the same year for 5-9 months, harvesting after the broomrape plants have dense flowers and are integrated into top-growing spike-shaped inflorescences.

Entrusting the Inger analysis technology (Shanghai) Limited company to adopt flight time high resolution mass spectrometry to qualitatively detect the artemisia rupestris traditional Chinese medicine extract, wherein the main instruments are a chromatographic instrument (Shimadzu LC-30A) and a mass spectrometer ABSciex Triple TOF 5600+, and the detection research result shows that:

through searching without target object, 4125 components with response value over 500 are found from the mass spectrogram; wherein 72 traditional Chinese medicine components are detected, 13 traditional Chinese medicine active components with the responsivity higher than 1000 are detected in a positive and negative ion mode, and in addition, the responsivity of the isovitexin is close to 1000;

the detailed information table of each traditional Chinese medicine component is as follows:

studies on acteoside (alternative name: acteoside) by the institute of traditional Chinese medicine (Beijing) of Chinese academy of sciences of traditional Chinese medicine indicate that acteoside (act 2 side) has obvious effects on nervous system and immune system, and especially has obvious therapeutic effects on senile diseases (senile dementia) and immune diseases (chronic nephritis and sexual nephritis).

The umbelliferone has a structure of 7-hydroxycoumarin, can be regarded as a parent of coumarin components, and has the following pharmacological actions: has antibacterial, blood pressure lowering, antitumor, antioxidant, and HIV resisting biological activities.

Mannitol is a good diuretic in medicine, reduces intracranial pressure and intraocular pressure, treats kidney medicine, is a commonly used medicine for clinical rescue, especially for rescue of brain diseases, and has the characteristics of quick blood pressure reduction and accurate curative effect required by the medicine for reducing intracranial pressure.

Echinacoside is the best component for invigorating kidney and strengthening yang, and has effects of replenishing essence and blood, and moistening intestine. Can be used for treating spermatorrhea, whitish and turbid urine, frequent micturition, lumbago, asthenia, tinnitus, blurred vision, menorrhagia, infertility due to cold womb, and constipation due to intestinal dryness.

In conclusion, the artemisia rupestris L planted according to the invention is rich in effective traditional Chinese medicine components such as verbascoside and echinacoside, can be comparable to wild orosson, has industrial utilization value and can be popularized and applied.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A planting method of artemisia anomala is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(a) selecting the land: selecting cotton sand or stone sand of the yellow river beach, and building a garden to form a field;

(b) ploughing and applying base fertilizer: after organic fertilizer is sprayed on the upper surface of a field from the bottom of 8 months to the beginning of 9 months in the first year, deep ploughing is carried out, the ploughing layer of the deep ploughing is larger than 25cm, and soil preparation is carried out;

(c) and seeding: after deep ploughing, selecting high-quality artemisia alba seeds to perform strip-shaped broadcast sowing on the surface of the land, and performing wide-row and narrow-row planting, wherein the row spacing of wide rows is 140-150 cm, and the row spacing of narrow rows is 40-50 cm; after the sowing is finished, directly rolling or treading to ensure that the artemisia alba seeds are tightly attached to the soil, and spraying with water on the day;

(d) 10-15 days after the sprinkling irrigation, the artemisia alba seedlings come out of the soil, broomrape seeds are timely inoculated to the roots of the unearthed artemisia alba seedlings, and the broomrape seeds are placed on the side of the roots of the artemisia alba seedlings and are 5-10cm below the ground; the horizontal distance between the broomrape seeds and the roots of the artemisia rupestris seedlings is less than or equal to 10 cm;

(e) thinning the seedlings: thinning and final singling Artemisia selengensis seedlings in 3 months in the next year, and keeping the highest growing Artemisia selengensis seedlings in the same row and ensuring the distance between adjacent plants to be 45-55 cm; after thinning, uniformly arranging infiltrating irrigation pipes in the field, wherein the infiltrating irrigation pipes are provided with a plurality of spray heads or small holes for carrying out sprinkling irrigation and infiltrating irrigation on the field; the infiltrating irrigation pipe is positioned in the middle of the narrow-row artemisia selengensis seedling;

(f) and infiltrating irrigation: after thinning, infiltrating irrigation is timely carried out on the field to ensure that the soil is moist;

(g) and managing the field: weeding four to five times from 3 months to before lodging, and hoeing the head outside 10cm away from the roots of the artemisia alba seedlings to avoid damaging fibrous roots of the artemisia alba seedlings each time of weeding, and hoeing the soil loosely; the weeds too close to the seedling roots of the artemisia selengensis are pressed on the base parts of the seedling roots of the artemisia selengensis by one hand, and the weeds are pulled out by the other hand; when the thickness of the dry soil layer on the surface layer of the soil is 2-3cm, carrying out spray irrigation and infiltrating irrigation in time;

(h) and when the broomrape plants grow out and grow in the same year for 5-9 months, harvesting after the broomrape plants have dense flowers and are integrated into top-growing spike-shaped inflorescences.

2. The method for planting the orobanche coerulescens as claimed in claim 1, wherein the organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting rotten stable manure, chicken manure and cow manure.