CN108218424B - 一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108218424B
CN108218424B CN201810022216.6A CN201810022216A CN108218424B CN 108218424 B CN108218424 B CN 108218424B CN 201810022216 A CN201810022216 A CN 201810022216A CN 108218424 B CN108218424 B CN 108218424B
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composite material
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frequency microwave
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dielectric material
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吴金剑
林志盛
宋运雄
陈永虹
张子山
蔡劲军
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Fujian Torch Electron Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料及其制备方法,一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料,按重量份包括以下原料:BaO‑Re2O3‑TiO2复合材料80.5‑95份、A和B的氧化物的复合材料5‑19.5份,其中,元素Re为稀土元素La、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu中的一种或几种,元素A为Zn、Ni中的一种或两种,元素B为元素V、Nb、Ta、W中的一种或几种,本发明的陶瓷电容器介质材料采用传统固相法工艺即可制备,生产工艺简单,由其制备的电容器具有中高介电常数、超低介质损耗、超高耐压强度、超高绝缘电阻、高温高频稳定且可调,可适用于高频方面的应用。

Description

一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于功能陶瓷材料技术领域,特别涉及一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着移动通信、卫星通信、军用雷达等现代通信技术日新月异的发展和日益普及,多层固定电容器作为各种电子信息设备必备的被动电子元器件不断的向微型化、高可靠、高频化、集成化等方向发展。为此,研制中高介电常数、超低介电损耗、高温稳定(接近零的电容温度系数)和高频稳定(接近零的谐振频率温度系数)的高频微波陶瓷电容器已成为世界各国的研究热点。
对于开发介电常数在60左右、介质损耗小于3×10-4、接近零的电容温度系数、接近零的谐振频率温度系数和具有高耐压强度高绝缘电阻的介质材料较少,如中国专利申请号为201310452073.X公开的一种以ZNT(Zn2.5Nb5Zr0.1Ti4.9O25)为主,以BRT(Ba4Sm28/3Ti18O54)为辅的复合微波介质陶瓷,其介电常数在60-75之间,Q×f>8000GHz,介质损耗低,接近零的谐振频率温度系数,但是该材料的主复合材料ZNT由ZnO、Nb2O5、ZrO2、TiO2等多种氧化物复合而成,容易产生其他晶相,致使整个复合微波介质陶瓷材料体系的晶体结构不一致,从而导致材料不能获得超低介质损耗且耐压强度和绝缘电阻较低,最终影响高频微波电容器的整体可靠性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的缺点,提供一种中介电常数、具有高Q×f值、高温高频稳定性、超低介电损耗、高耐压强度及高绝缘电阻的高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料,另一目的是提供一种上述电容器介质材料的制备方法。
本发明采用如下的技术方案:
一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料,按重量份包括以下原料:BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料80.5-95份、A和B的氧化物的复合材料5-19.5份,其中,元素Re为稀土元素La、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu中的一种或几种,元素A为Zn、Ni中的一种或两种,元素B为元素V、Nb、Ta、W中的一种或几种。
进一步的,所述的BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料的化学式为:xBaO-yRe2O3-zTiO2,其中,13≤x≤25,13≤y≤25,60≤z≤80,且x+y+z=100。
进一步的,所述的A和B的氧化物的复合材料中,元素A和元素B的原子比为1:3。
一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、合成BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料;
(2)、合成合成A和B的氧化物的复合材料;
(3)、根据组成配比分别称量步骤(1)和步骤(2)制备的复合材料,以水为分散介质,依次进行球磨、干燥、破碎并造粒,造粒后的粉料在2~10Mpa条件下压制成圆片生坯,然后在空气气氛中升温至1250~1350℃,并保温烧结1~4h,即制得高频微波电容器介质材料。
进一步的,所述步骤(1)包括合成BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料,按化学式xBaO-yRe2O3-zTiO2,以BaCO3、Re2O3、TiO2为原料,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过筛,然后在1150~1250℃条件下煅烧1~4h合成BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料。
进一步的,所述步骤(2)包括合成A和B的氧化物的复合材料,按元素A和元素B的原子比,以A的氧化物和B的氧化物为原料,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过筛,然后在850~950℃条件下煅烧1~4h合成A和B的氧化物的复合材料。
进一步的,所述步骤(3)中,球磨工艺具体为采用2~5mm的氧化锆球作磨介,研磨2~10h,然后烘干,过80目标准筛网,再加入5~10重量份的石蜡做粘结剂共同烘焙造粒,并再次过80目标准筛网。
进一步的,所述步骤(3)中,生坯在进行烧结之前还需进行有机物排除工艺,所述有机物排除工艺具体为:将压制成的圆片生坯置于500-600℃的温度下处理50-70min,分解生坯中的石蜡。
由上述对本发明的描述可知,与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明由两种晶体结构相近且具有优良高频特性的复合材料BaO-Re2O3-TiO2以及A和B的氧化物的复合材料共同复合而成,使得整个陶瓷电容器介质材料具有优良的高频特性;
根据对数混合法则,通过合理调整BaO-Re2O3-TiO2以及A和B的氧化物的复合材料配比使得整个高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料的电容温度系数系数趋于0;
本发明的陶瓷电容器介质材料采用传统固相法工艺即可制备,生产工艺简单,由其制备的电容器具有中高介电常数、超低介质损耗、超高耐压强度、超高绝缘电阻、高温高频稳定且可调,可适用于高频方面的应用。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的描述。
一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料,按重量份包括以下原料:BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料80.5-95份、A和B的氧化物的复合材料5-19.5份,;
其中,元素Re为稀土元素La、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu中的一种或几种;
元素A为Zn、Ni中的一种或两种;
元素B为元素V、Nb、Ta、W中的一种或几种;
其中,BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料的化学式为:xBaO-yRe2O3-zTiO2,其中,13≤x≤25,13≤y≤25,60≤z≤80,且x+y+z=100;
A和B的氧化物的复合材料中,元素A和元素B的原子比为1:3。
上述高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、合成BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料,具体的,按化学式xBaO-yRe2O3-zTiO2,以BaCO3、Re2O3、TiO2为原料,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过筛,然后在1150~1250℃条件下煅烧1~4h合成BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料;
(2)、合成合成A和B的氧化物的复合材料,具体的,按元素A和元素B的原子比,以A的氧化物和B的氧化物为原料,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过筛,然后在850~950℃条件下煅烧1~4h合成A和B的氧化物的复合材料;
(3)、根据组成配比分别称量步骤(1)和步骤(2)制备的复合材料,以水为分散介质,采用2~5mm的氧化锆球作磨介,研磨2~10h,然后烘干,过80目标准筛网,再加入5~10重量份的石蜡做粘结剂共同烘焙造粒,并再次过80目标准筛网,造粒后的粉料在2~10Mpa条件下压制成圆片生坯,然后将生坯置于500-600℃的温度下处理50-70min,最后在空气气氛中升温至1250~1350℃,并保温烧结1~4h,即制得高频微波电容器介质材料。
实施例1
一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、分别准确称取18.62gBaCO3、42.25gLa2O3、39.13gTiO2为原料,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在1150℃条件下煅烧4h合成BaO-La2O3-TiO2复合材料;
(2)、分别准确称取64.15gZnO、35.85gV2O5,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在850℃条件下煅烧4h合成ZnO-V2O5复合材料;
(3)、分别准确称取95.00gBaO-La2O3-TiO2复合材料、5.00gZnO-V2O5复合材料进行配料,以水为分散介质,采用3mm的氧化锆球作磨介,研磨2h,然后烘干,过80目标准筛网,再加入5g的石蜡做粘结剂共同烘焙造粒,并再次过80目标准筛网,造粒后的粉料在10Mpa条件下压制成圆片生坯,然后将生坯置于550℃的温度下处理70min,最后在空气气氛中用4h升温至1250℃,并保温烧结4h,即制得高频微波电容器介质材料。
实施例2
一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、分别准确称取19.54gBaCO3、43.00gPr2O3、37.46gTiO2为原料,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在1190℃条件下煅烧3h合成BaO-Pr2O3-TiO2复合材料;
(2)、分别准确称取35.59gZnO、64.41gTa2O5,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在875℃条件下煅烧2h合成ZnO-Ta2O5复合材料;
(3)、分别准确称取91.09gBaO-Pr2O3-TiO2复合材料、8.91gZnO-Ta2O5复合材料进行配料,以水为分散介质,采用2mm的氧化锆球作磨介,研磨6h,然后烘干,过80目标准筛网,再加入8g的石蜡做粘结剂共同烘焙造粒,并再次过80目标准筛网,造粒后的粉料在8Mpa条件下压制成圆片生坯,然后将生坯置于500℃的温度下处理60min,最后在空气气氛中用4h升温至1290℃,并保温烧结3h,即制得高频微波电容器介质材料。
实施例3
一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、分别准确称取19.86gBaCO3、43.37gNd2O3、36.77gTiO2为原料,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在1200℃条件下煅烧3h合成BaO-Nd2O3-TiO2复合材料;
(2)、分别准确称取25.98gZnO、74.02gWO3,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在875℃条件下煅烧2h合成ZnO-WO3复合材料;
(3)、分别准确称取90.37gBaO-Nd2O3-TiO2复合材料、9.63gZnO-WO3复合材料进行配料,以水为分散介质,采用2mm的氧化锆球作磨介,研磨6h,然后烘干,过80目标准筛网,再加入8g的石蜡做粘结剂共同烘焙造粒,并再次过80目标准筛网,造粒后的粉料在8Mpa条件下压制成圆片生坯,然后将生坯置于500℃的温度下处理60min,最后在空气气氛中用4h升温至1290℃,并保温烧结3h,即制得高频微波电容器介质材料。
实施例4
一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、分别准确称取21.18gBaCO3、43.16gSm2O3、35.66gTiO2为原料,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在1210℃条件下煅烧3h合成BaO-Sm2O3-TiO2复合材料;
(2)、分别准确称取42.22gNiO、57.78gNb2O5,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在875℃条件下煅烧2h合成NiO-Nb2O5复合材料;
(3)、分别准确称取89.18gBaO-Sm2O3-TiO2复合材料、10.82gNiO-Nb2O5复合材料进行配料,以水为分散介质,采用2mm的氧化锆球作磨介,研磨6h,然后烘干,过80目标准筛网,再加入8g的石蜡做粘结剂共同烘焙造粒,并再次过80目标准筛网,造粒后的粉料在8Mpa条件下压制成圆片生坯,然后将生坯置于500℃的温度下处理60min,最后在空气气氛中用4h升温至1300℃,并保温烧结3h,即制得高频微波电容器介质材料。
实施例5
一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、分别准确称取20.96gBaCO3、43.86gEu2O3、35.18gTiO2为原料,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在1210℃条件下煅烧3h合成BaO-Eu2O3-TiO2复合材料;
(2)、分别准确称取49.15gNiO、50.85gWO3,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在875℃条件下煅烧2h合成NiO-WO3复合材料;
(3)、分别准确称取88.55gBaO-Eu2O3-TiO2复合材料、11.45gNiO-WO3复合材料进行配料,以水为分散介质,采用2mm的氧化锆球作磨介,研磨6h,然后烘干,过80目标准筛网,再加入8g的石蜡做粘结剂共同烘焙造粒,并再次过80目标准筛网,造粒后的粉料在8Mpa条件下压制成圆片生坯,然后将生坯置于500℃的温度下处理60min,最后在空气气氛中用4h升温至1300℃,并保温烧结3h,即制得高频微波电容器介质材料。
实施例6
一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、分别准确称取21.10gBaCO3、30.42gSm2O3、14.32gNd2O3、35.66gTiO2,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在1220℃条件下煅烧3h合成BaO-(Sm/Nd)2O3-TiO2复合材料;
(2)、分别准确称取40.34gNiO、59.66gTa2O5,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在875℃条件下煅烧2h合成NiO-Ta2O5复合材料;
(3)、分别准确称取86.77gBaO-(Sm/Nd)2O3-TiO2复合材料、13.23gNiO-Ta2O5复合材料进行配料,以水为分散介质,采用2mm的氧化锆球作磨介,研磨6h,然后烘干,过80目标准筛网,再加入8g的石蜡做粘结剂共同烘焙造粒,并再次过80目标准筛网,造粒后的粉料在8Mpa条件下压制成圆片生坯,然后将生坯置于500℃的温度下处理60min,最后在空气气氛中用4h升温至1320℃,并保温烧结3h,即制得高频微波电容器介质材料。
实施例7
一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、分别准确称取21.92gBaCO3、30.00gEu2O3、15.00gSm2O3、33.08gTiO2,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在1220℃条件下煅烧3h合成BaO-(Eu/Sm)2O3-TiO2复合材料;
(2)、分别准确称取37.98gZnO、62.02gNb2O5,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在875℃条件下煅烧2h合成ZnO-Nb2O5复合材料;
(3)、分别准确称取83.60gBaO-(Eu/Sm)2O3-TiO2复合材料、16.40gZnO-Nb2O5复合材料进行配料,以水为分散介质,采用2mm的氧化锆球作磨介,研磨6h,然后烘干,过80目标准筛网,再加入8g的石蜡做粘结剂共同烘焙造粒,并再次过80目标准筛网,造粒后的粉料在8Mpa条件下压制成圆片生坯,然后将生坯置于500℃的温度下处理60min,最后在空气气氛中用4h升温至1320℃,并保温烧结3h,即制得高频微波电容器介质材料。
实施例8
一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、分别准确称取22.10gBaCO3、28.77gEu2O3、14.40gNd2O3、34.73gTiO2为原料,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在1250℃条件下煅烧1h合成BaO-(Eu/Nd)2O3-TiO2复合材料;
(2)、分别准确称取30.63gZnO、10.21gNiO、59.16gNb2O5,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过40目标准筛网,然后在950℃条件下煅烧1h合成(Zn/Ni)O-Nb2O5复合材料;
(3)、分别准确称取80.50gBaO-(Eu/Nd)2O3-TiO复合材料、19.50g(Zn/Ni)O-Nb2O5复合材料进行配料,以水为分散介质,采用5mm的氧化锆球作磨介,研磨10h,然后烘干,过80目标准筛网,再加入10g的石蜡做粘结剂共同烘焙造粒,并再次过80目标准筛网,造粒后的粉料在2Mpa条件下压制成圆片生坯,然后将生坯置于600℃的温度下处理50min,最后在空气气氛中用4h升温至1350℃,并保温烧结1h,即制得高频微波电容器介质材料。
对上述八个实施例制得的高频微波电容器介质材料两侧烧制银电极,制成圆片电容器,并检测各项电性能,检测结果如下表:
Figure BDA0001543905310000091
Figure BDA0001543905310000101
其中,电容温度系数αc和谐振频率温度系数τf的温度范围:-55℃~+125℃;
通过上表可知,由本发明的高频微波电容器介质材料制备的电容器介电常数在58-65之间,具有高Q×f值(>10000GHz)、高温高频稳定性、接近零的电容温度系数(0±30ppm/K)、接近零的谐振频率温度系数(0±30ppm/K)、超低介电损耗(<3×10-4)、高耐压强度(>12KV)及高绝缘电阻(1KV下>1012Ω)等优点,具有较高的产业化前景以及军工与工业应用价值。
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,故不能以此限定本发明实施的范围,即依本发明申请专利范围及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修饰,皆应仍属本发明专利涵盖的范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料,其特征在于:按重量份包括以下原料:BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料80.5-95份、A和B的氧化物的复合材料5-19.5份,其中,元素Re为稀土元素La、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu中的一种或几种,元素A为Zn、Ni中的一种或两种,元素B为元素V、Nb、Ta、W中的一种或几种,并排除元素Re为稀土元素Nd、元素A为Zn、元素B为元素Nb的技术方案;
其制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)、在1150~1250℃条件下煅烧1~4h合成BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料;
(2)、在850~950℃条件下煅烧1~4h合成A和B的氧化物的复合材料;
(3)、根据组成配比分别称量步骤(1)和步骤(2)制备的复合材料,以水为分散介质,依次进行球磨、干燥、破碎并造粒,造粒后的粉料在2~10Mpa条件下压制成圆片生坯,然后在空气气氛中升温至1250~1350℃,并保温烧结1~4h,即制得高频微波电容器介质材料;
所述的BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料的化学式为:xBaO-yRe2O3-zTiO2,其中,13≤x≤25,13≤y≤25,60≤z≤80,且x+y+z=100;
所述的A和B的氧化物的复合材料中,元素A和元素B的原子比为1:3。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)包括合成BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料,按化学式xBaO-yRe2O3-zTiO2,以BaCO3、Re2O3、TiO2为原料,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过筛,然后在1150~1250℃条件下煅烧1~4h合成BaO-Re2O3-TiO2复合材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)包括合成A和B的氧化物的复合材料,按元素A和元素B的原子比,以A的氧化物和B的氧化物为原料,进行配料、球磨、干燥、破碎、过筛,然后在850~950℃条件下煅烧1~4h合成A和B的氧化物的复合材料。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中,球磨工艺具体为采用2~5mm的氧化锆球作磨介,研磨2~10h,然后烘干,过80目标准筛网,再加入5~10重量份的石蜡做粘结剂共同烘焙造粒,并再次过80目标准筛网。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种高频微波陶瓷电容器介质材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中,生坯在进行烧结之前还需进行有机物排除工艺,所述有机物排除工艺具体为:将压制成的圆片生坯置于500-600℃的温度下处理50-70min,分解生坯中的石蜡。
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