CN108179001A - 一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制造工艺和应用 - Google Patents
一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制造工艺和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108179001A CN108179001A CN201711392085.2A CN201711392085A CN108179001A CN 108179001 A CN108179001 A CN 108179001A CN 201711392085 A CN201711392085 A CN 201711392085A CN 108179001 A CN108179001 A CN 108179001A
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- polyurethane adhesive
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Abstract
本发明特指一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制造工艺和应用,属于胶粘剂技术领域，胶粘剂按质量份数计，包括如下组份，聚二醇30.77‑35.64份和二异氰酸酯43.5‑43.58份聚合成的聚氨酯预聚体，聚合反应催化剂0.45份，亲水扩链剂6.27‑7.85份，交联剂1.35份‑3.45份，亚硫酸氢钠3.55‑10.25份，丙酮7.5份以及去离子水32.5‑36.5份，其中，所述聚合反应催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡，所述亲水扩链剂为1，4‑丁二醇‑2‑磺酸钠或二羟甲基丙酸，所述交联剂为磷酸三甲酯。本发明利用亚硫酸氢钠水解、缩合，实现交联，促使水性聚氨酯交联密度增大，耐水性、耐溶剂性和贮存稳定性等性能均得到提高；在环保、耐水性、耐溶剂性和贮存稳定性等方面都达到了用户所需求的产品质量指标。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于胶粘剂技术领域，涉及一种可用于制鞋、皮具、家具、汽车内部装饰以及包装材料等领域的胶粘剂，特指一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制造工艺和应用。
背景技术
水性聚氨酯是以水代替有机溶剂作为分散介质而发展起来的高分子材料，使用安全、无毒、不污染环境，被称作环保产品。随着科学技术的进步，以及人类对环境保护的要求，环保型水性聚氨酯有取代溶剂型聚氨酯的趋势。但是，目前的水性聚氨酯胶粘剂主要是单组份聚氨酯胶粘剂，形成的乳液是分散在水中的线型热塑性聚氨酯，分子量较小，不能达到常规溶剂型聚氨酯胶粘剂的交联密度，因此耐水性、耐溶剂性及其贮存稳定性等方面还不能达到溶剂型聚氨酯胶粘剂的能，总体性能与溶剂型聚氨酯胶粘剂还有一定的差距，这就制约着水性聚氨酯胶粘剂的应用。因此可以预见，研究合成耐水性好、耐溶剂性好且贮存稳定性佳的水性聚氨酯胶粘剂已成为胶粘剂技术开发人员的研究方向。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制造工艺，以该工艺制备得到的水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂的耐水性、耐溶剂性和贮存稳定性等总体性能比现有技术有一个较大的提高。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂，按质量份数计，包括如下组份，聚二醇30.77-35.64份和二异氰酸酯43.5-43.58份聚合成的聚氨酯预聚体，聚合反应催化剂0.45份，亲水扩链剂6.27-7.85份，交联剂1.35份-3.45份，亚硫酸氢钠3.55-10.25份，丙酮7.5份以及去离子水32.5-36.5份，其中，所述聚合反应催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡，所述亲水扩链剂为1，4-丁二醇-2-磺酸钠或二羟甲基丙酸，所述交联剂为磷酸三甲酯。
据上所述的亲水扩链剂为6.50-6.7份，所述交联剂为1.35-3份，所述亚硫酸氢钠为4.25-8.25份。
据上所述的聚二醇为聚醚二元醇或聚酯二元醇，所述聚醚二元醇为聚四氢呋喃二醇或聚氧化丙烯二醇，所述聚酯二元醇为聚己内酯二元醇；所述二异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、甲苯异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯或六亚甲基二异氰酸酯。所述聚己内酯二元醇的分子质量为2000，所述聚四氢呋喃二醇的分子质量为1000。
据上所述的水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂的制造工艺，其中，包括如下步骤：
步骤一、聚氨酯预聚体的制备：将聚二醇30.77-35.64份加入反应釜中，加热熔融，保持温度为100℃并进行抽真空1-1.5小时，然后降温到80-90℃，加入二异氰酸酯43.5-43.58份，进行2.5小时的聚合反应，得到聚氨酯预聚体；
步骤二、扩链反应：将6.27-7.85份的亲水扩链剂和1.35-3.45份的交联剂磷酸三甲酯加入到聚氨酯预聚体中进行交联扩链反应，反应温度控制在60-75℃，反应时间控制在1.5-2.5小时；
步骤三、封端反应：将3.55-10.25份的亚硫酸氢钠作为封端剂加入到反应釜中进行封端反应，反应温度控制在30-45℃之间，时间控制在1-1.5小时；
步骤四、乳化：用有机碱三乙胺或三乙醇胺中和调节PH值为7.2-7.3，然后加入占所述聚二醇质量的5％-30％的丙酮，降低物料粘度，再在高速搅拌下加入去离子水32.5-36.5份，高速分散2-8小时，得到淡蓝色半透明乳液；
步骤五、脱除丙酮：对反应釜进行抽真空，脱除有机溶剂丙酮，得到水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂。
据上所述的步骤一中，在加入二异氰酸酯的同时，添加聚合反应催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡0.45份，可以提高聚合反应的效率和预聚体的转化率。
本发明相比现有技术突出且有益的技术效果是：本发明利用亚硫酸氢钠水解、缩合，实现交联，促使水性聚氨酯交联密度增大，耐水性、耐溶剂性和贮存稳定性等性能均得到提高；本发明的聚氨酯胶粘剂可用于制鞋、皮具，家具、汽车内部装饰及包装材料等领域，在环保、耐水性、耐溶剂性和贮存稳定性等方面都达到了用户所需求的产品质量指标。
具体实施方式
下面将通过具体实施例对本发明做详细的说明，其中，按质量份数计，每份为2Kg。
实施例一
一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂，由下述工艺制备得到，步骤如下：
步骤一、制备聚氨酯预聚体：将71.28Kg的相对分子质量为2000的聚己内酯二元醇加入到反应釜中，加热熔融，温度控制在100℃并抽真空1.5小时，然后降温到80-90℃，加入87Kg的甲苯异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和0.9Kg的催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡，聚合反应2.5小时，得到聚氨酯预聚体；
步骤二、扩链反应：将13.4Kg的亲水扩链剂1，4-丁二醇-2-磺酸钠和6.0Kg的交联剂磷酸三甲酯加入到聚氨酯预聚体中进行交联扩链反应，反应温度控制在60℃，反应时间为1.5小时；
步骤三、封端反应：将8.5Kg的亚硫酸氢钠加入到反应釜中进行封端反应，反应温度控制在35℃，时间为1小时；
步骤四、乳化：用三乙胺中和调节PH值为7.2，加入15Kg丙酮降低物料粘度，在高速搅拌下加入73Kg去离子水快速分散5小时，分散成淡蓝色半透明乳液；
步骤五、脱除丙酮：将上述乳液抽真空脱去有机溶剂丙酮，得到水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂，该产品为淡蓝色乳液，固含量为42％。
实施例二
一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂，由下述工艺制备得到，步骤如下：
步骤一、制备聚氨酯预聚体：将61.54Kg的相对分子质量为1000的聚四氢呋喃二醇加入到反应釜中，加热升温至100℃并抽真空1小时，然后降温到80-90℃，加入87.16Kg的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和0.9Kg的催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡，聚合反应2.5小时，得到聚氨酯预聚体；
步骤二、扩链反应：将2.7Kg的交联剂磷酸三甲酯和12.54Kg的亲水扩链剂二羟甲基丙酸加入到聚氨酯预聚体中进行交联扩链反应，反应温度控制在70℃，反应时间为2小时；
步骤三、封端反应：将16.5Kg的亚硫酸氢钠加入到反应釜中进行封端反应，反应温度控制在30℃，时间为1小时；
步骤四、乳化：用三乙胺中和调节PH值为7.3，加入15Kg丙酮降低物料粘度，在高速搅拌下加入65Kg去离子水快速分散7小时，分散均匀得到淡蓝色半透明乳液；
步骤五、脱除丙酮：将上述乳液抽真空脱去有机溶剂丙酮，得到水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂，该产品为淡蓝色乳液，固含量为42％。
实施例三
一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂，由下述工艺制备得到，步骤如下：
步骤一、制备聚氨酯预聚体：将68.3Kg的聚氧化丙烯二醇加入到反应釜中，加热熔融，温度控制在100℃并抽真空1.2小时，然后降温到80-90℃，加入87Kg的六亚甲基二异氰酸酯和0.9Kg的催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡，聚合反应2.5小时，得到聚氨酯预聚体；
步骤二、扩链反应：将13Kg的亲水扩链剂二羟甲基丙酸和4.8Kg的交联剂磷酸三甲酯加入到聚氨酯预聚体中进行交联扩链反应，反应温度控制在65℃，反应时间为1.5小时；
步骤三、封端反应：将7.1Kg的亚硫酸氢钠加入到反应釜中进行封端反应，反应温度控制在40℃，时间为1.5小时；
步骤四、乳化：用三乙醇胺中和调节PH值为7.2，加入3.08Kg丙酮降低物料粘度，在高速搅拌下加入68Kg去离子水快速分散2小时，分散成淡蓝色半透明乳液；
步骤五、脱除丙酮：将上述乳液抽真空脱去有机溶剂丙酮，得到水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂，该产品为淡蓝色乳液，固含量为43％。
实施例四
一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂，由下述工艺制备得到，步骤如下：
步骤一、制备聚氨酯预聚体：将65.7Kg的聚氧化丙烯二醇加入到反应釜中，加热熔融，温度控制在100℃并抽真空1.4小时，然后降温到80-90℃，加入87.1Kg的六亚甲基二异氰酸酯和0.9Kg的催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡，聚合反应2.5小时，得到聚氨酯预聚体；
步骤二、扩链反应：将15.7Kg的亲水扩链剂1，4-丁二醇-2-磺酸钠和6.9Kg的交联剂磷酸三甲酯加入到聚氨酯预聚体中进行交联扩链反应，反应温度控制在75℃，反应时间为2.5小时；
步骤三、封端反应：将20.5Kg的亚硫酸氢钠加入到反应釜中进行封端反应，反应温度控制在45℃，时间为1.5小时；
步骤四、乳化：用三乙醇胺中和调节PH值为7.3，加入21.38Kg丙酮降低物料粘度，在高速搅拌下加入70Kg去离子水快速分散8小时，分散成淡蓝色半透明乳液；
步骤五、脱除丙酮：将上述乳液抽真空脱去有机溶剂丙酮，得到水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂，该产品为淡蓝色乳液，固含量为44％。
上述实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本发明的保护范围，故：凡依本发明的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂，其特征在于：按质量份数计，包括如下组份，聚二醇30.77-35.64份和二异氰酸酯43.5-43.58份聚合成的聚氨酯预聚体，聚合反应催化剂0.45份，亲水扩链剂6.27-7.85份，交联剂1.35份-3.45份，亚硫酸氢钠3.55-10.25份，丙酮7.5份以及去离子水32.5-36.5份，其中，所述聚合反应催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡，所述亲水扩链剂为1，4-丁二醇-2-磺酸钠或二羟甲基丙酸，所述交联剂为磷酸三甲酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂，其特征在于：所述亲水扩链剂为6.50-6.7份，所述交联剂为1.35-3份，所述亚硫酸氢钠为4.25-8.25份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂，其特征在于：所述聚二醇为聚醚二元醇或聚酯二元醇，所述聚醚二元醇为聚四氢呋喃二醇或聚氧化丙烯二醇，所述聚酯二元醇为聚己内酯二元醇；所述二异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、甲苯异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯或六亚甲基二异氰酸酯。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂，其特征在于：所述聚己内酯二元醇的分子质量为2000，所述聚四氢呋喃二醇的分子质量为1000。
5.一种根据权利要求3所述的水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂的制造工艺，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
步骤一、聚氨酯预聚体的制备：将聚二醇30.77-35.64份加入反应釜中，加热熔融，保持温度为100℃并进行抽真空1-1.5小时，然后降温到80-90℃，加入二异氰酸酯43.5-43.58份，进行2.5小时的聚合反应，得到聚氨酯预聚体；
步骤二、扩链反应：将6.27-7.85份的亲水扩链剂和1.35-3.45份的交联剂磷酸三甲酯加入到聚氨酯预聚体中进行交联扩链反应，反应温度控制在60-75℃，反应时间控制在1.5-2.5小时；
步骤三、封端反应：将3.55-10.25份的亚硫酸氢钠作为封端剂加入到反应釜中进行封端反应，反应温度控制在30-45℃之间，时间控制在1-1.5小时；
步骤四、乳化：用有机碱三乙胺或三乙醇胺中和调节PH值为7.2-7.3，然后加入占所述聚二醇质量的5％-30％的丙酮，降低物料粘度，再在高速搅拌下加入去离子水32.5-36.5份，高速分散2-8小时，得到淡蓝色半透明乳液；
步骤五、脱除丙酮：对反应釜进行抽真空，脱除有机溶剂丙酮，得到水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂的制造工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤一中，在加入二异氰酸酯的同时，添加聚合反应催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡0.45份。
7.一种根据权利3所述的水性环保聚氨酯胶粘剂的应用，其特征在于：所述聚氨酯胶粘剂用于制鞋、皮具，家具、汽车内部装饰及包装材料等领域。
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